See surat on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for surat meaning in All languages combined (22.8kB)
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "surats",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "surat (plural surats)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "A chapter of the Qur'an",
"word": "sura"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of sura (“A chapter of the Qur'an”)"
],
"id": "en-surat-en-noun-uLetPYDH",
"links": [
[
"sura",
"sura#English"
],
[
"chapter",
"chapter"
],
[
"Qur'an",
"Qur'an"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "isurat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kagsurat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "magsurat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "parasurat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "suraton"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "ms",
"3": "surat",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Malay surat",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "ms",
"3": "surat"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Malay surat",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*surat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic *surat",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*suʀat",
"t": "to carve, to incise"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suʀat (“to carve, to incise”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Malay surat, from Proto-Malayic *surat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suʀat (“to carve, to incise”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "súrat",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "noun",
"head": "súrat"
},
"expansion": "súrat",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"su‧rat"
],
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"lang_code": "bcl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a letter; a mail; a correspondence"
],
"id": "en-surat-bcl-noun-bONPYiJQ",
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"mail",
"mail"
],
[
"correspondence",
"correspondence"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "koreyo"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a written message"
],
"id": "en-surat-bcl-noun-BA1P5vSk",
"links": [
[
"written",
"written"
],
[
"message",
"message"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mensahe"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsuɾat/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈsu.ɾat]"
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "surada",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "surats",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surades",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "surat (feminine surada, masculine plural surats, feminine plural surades)",
"name": "ca-pp"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "surar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past participle of surar"
],
"id": "en-surat-ca-verb-b-dA6whg",
"links": [
[
"surar",
"surar#Catalan"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[suˈɾat]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central",
"Valencian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-at"
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bersurat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ketersuratan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "menyurat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "menyurati"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "menyuratkan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "persuratan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat-menyurat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "suratan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tersurat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tersuratkan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat angkatan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat anonim"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat antisipasi obligasi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat bahari"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat berantai"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat berharga"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat buta"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat cerai"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat cinta"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat dakwaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat dinas"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat edaran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat elektronik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat gadai"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat gelap"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat hibah"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat ijazah"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat isian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat izin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat jalan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat jaminan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat jawatan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat kabar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat kaleng"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat kawat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat kawin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat kelahiran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat kematian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat kepemilikan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat kepercayaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat keterangan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat kilat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat kuasa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat lahir"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat lamaran kerja"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat lepas"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat mati"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat mentega"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat mualim"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat muatan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat niaga"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat nikah"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat pajak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat paksa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat pas"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat pembaca"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat pemberitahuan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat pemilih"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat pengangkatan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat pengantar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat pengenal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat peringatan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat perintah"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat permintaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat permohonan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat pribadi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat pujian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat rantai"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat rekomendasi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat resmi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat sakti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat salinan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat sebaran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat segel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat selebaran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat sembah"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat sensasi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat siaran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat sita"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat somasi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat suara"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat talak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat tanda anggota"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat tanda registrasi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat tempelan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat terbang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat terbuka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat tercatat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat tilang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat tuduhan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat tugas"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat ukur"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat uleman"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat undangan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat undian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat usiran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat utang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat warisan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "surat wasiat"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tet",
"2": "surat",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tetum: surat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tetum: surat"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "surat"
},
"expansion": "Malay surat",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*surat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic *surat",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*suʀat",
"t": "to carve, to incise"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suʀat (“to carve, to incise”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Malay surat, from Proto-Malayic *surat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suʀat (“to carve, to incise”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "suratku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "suratmu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "suratnya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "surat (first-person possessive suratku, second-person possessive suratmu, third-person possessive suratnya)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 5 36 1 33 1 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 4 34 1 27 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"document (original or official paper)"
],
"id": "en-surat-id-noun-9aaNYRQw",
"links": [
[
"document",
"document"
],
[
"original",
"original#English"
],
[
"official",
"official#English"
],
[
"paper",
"paper#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dokumen"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"letter (written message)"
],
"id": "en-surat-id-noun-JbLk0dW0",
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"written",
"written#English"
],
[
"message",
"message#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 5 36 1 33 1 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 4 34 1 27 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"writing"
],
"id": "en-surat-id-noun-7ocRBeh1",
"links": [
[
"writing",
"writing"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tulisan"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"inscription"
],
"id": "en-surat-id-noun-GuGIgR-D",
"links": [
[
"inscription",
"inscription"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 5 36 1 33 1 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 4 34 1 27 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"certificate"
],
"id": "en-surat-id-noun-A9Zt0Ig1",
"links": [
[
"certificate",
"certificate"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sertifikat"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"card"
],
"id": "en-surat-id-noun-g2fNZv3R",
"links": [
[
"card",
"card"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kartu"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/su.rat/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-urat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-rat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-at"
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "suratku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "suratmu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "suratnya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "surat (first-person possessive suratku, second-person possessive suratmu, third-person possessive suratnya)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "sura",
"word": "surah"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "id",
"name": "Islam",
"orig": "id:Islam",
"parents": [
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "13 5 36 1 33 1 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 4 34 1 27 1 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of surah (“sura”)."
],
"id": "en-surat-id-noun-NprOBULS",
"links": [
[
"surah",
"surah#Indonesian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Islam) alternative form of surah (“sura”)."
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
],
"topics": [
"Islam",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/su.rat/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-urat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-rat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-at"
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "surat",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "surat",
"name": "jv-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Javanese",
"lang_code": "jv",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ꦱꦸꦫꦠ꧀"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Javanese romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Javanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of ꦱꦸꦫꦠ꧀."
],
"id": "en-surat-jv-romanization-DOe9WSf2",
"links": [
[
"ꦱꦸꦫꦠ꧀",
"ꦱꦸꦫꦠ꧀#Javanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to write letter between one another",
"word": "surat-menyurat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"raw_tags": [
"of declaration"
],
"tags": [
"letter"
],
"word": "surat akuan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "newspaper",
"word": "surat khabar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "envelope",
"word": "sampul surat"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "surat",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Bikol Central: surat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bikol Central: surat"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "surat"
},
"expansion": "Indonesian: surat\n→ Tetum: surat",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Indonesian: surat\n→ Tetum: surat"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mg",
"2": "soratra",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Malagasy: soratra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Malagasy: soratra"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "sulat",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tagalog: sulat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tagalog: sulat"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tft",
"2": "surat",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ternate: surat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ternate: surat"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "سورت",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "surat-surat",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suratku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"informal",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "suratmu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "suratnya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "سورت"
},
"expansion": "surat (Jawi spelling سورت, plural surat-surat, informal 1st possessive suratku, 2nd possessive suratmu, 3rd possessive suratnya)",
"name": "ms-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "74 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "84 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"document (original or official paper)"
],
"id": "en-surat-ms-noun-9aaNYRQw",
"links": [
[
"document",
"document"
],
[
"original",
"original#English"
],
[
"official",
"official#English"
],
[
"paper",
"paper#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"letter (written message)"
],
"id": "en-surat-ms-noun-JbLk0dW0",
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"written",
"written#English"
],
[
"message",
"message#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/surat/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-urat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-rat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-at"
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*suʀat",
"t": "to carve, to incise"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suʀat (“to carve, to incise”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suʀat (“to carve, to incise”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"10": "",
"11": "or",
"12": "",
"13": "or",
"14": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "or",
"6": "",
"7": "or",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f2sc": "Java",
"f3sc": "Java",
"f4sc": "Java",
"f5sc": "Latn",
"f6sc": "Latn",
"f7sc": "Latn",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "surat",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "surat",
"name": "kaw-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Javanese",
"lang_code": "kaw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"letter (written message)"
],
"id": "en-surat-kaw-noun-JbLk0dW0",
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
]
]
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "surat",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "sura"
}
],
"glosses": [
"supine of sura"
],
"id": "en-surat-sv-verb-AwzMV7ek",
"links": [
[
"sura",
"sura#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"supine"
]
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tft",
"2": "ms",
"3": "surat"
},
"expansion": "Malay surat",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tft",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*surat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic *surat",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Malay surat, from Proto-Malayic *surat.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tft",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"f1sc": "",
"f2sc": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "surat",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "surat",
"name": "tft-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ternate",
"lang_code": "tft",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ternate entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a letter (written message)"
],
"id": "en-surat-tft-noun-DvuF00W2",
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈsu.ɾat]"
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tet",
"2": "id",
"3": "surat"
},
"expansion": "Indonesian surat",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Indonesian surat.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tet",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "surat",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tetum",
"lang_code": "tet",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tetum entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"letter (written message)"
],
"id": "en-surat-tet-noun-JbLk0dW0",
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"written",
"written#English"
],
[
"message",
"message#English"
]
]
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "صورت"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish صورت",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ar",
"3": "صُورَة"
},
"expansion": "Arabic صُورَة (ṣūra)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suret"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of suret",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ar",
"3": "ص و ر"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish صورت, from Arabic صُورَة (ṣūra). Doublet of suret.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "suratı",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "suratlar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite accusative",
"4": "suratı",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "plural",
"8": "suratlar",
"f1accel-form": "def|acc|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f3accel-form": "nom|p",
"f3request": "1",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "surat (definite accusative suratı, plural suratlar)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ı",
"2": "lar"
},
"expansion": "surat (definite accusative suratı, plural suratlar)",
"name": "tr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"face"
],
"id": "en-surat-tr-noun-AoLZt59C",
"links": [
[
"face",
"face"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "yüz"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 98",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You better not greet our guests with that surliness again!",
"text": "Bir daha bu suratla misafirleri karşıladığını görmeyeyim!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"surliness"
],
"id": "en-surat-tr-noun-kQZhYbbs",
"links": [
[
"surliness",
"surliness"
]
]
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "suratlar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "suratlar",
"head": "",
"sc": ""
},
"expansion": "surat (plural suratlar)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "surat (plural suratlar)",
"name": "uz-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Uzbek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Uzbek terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"id": "en-surat-uz-noun-47DEQpj8",
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mbb",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "surat",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Western Bukidnon Manobo",
"lang_code": "mbb",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Western Bukidnon Manobo entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to write"
],
"id": "en-surat-mbb-verb-GyIdbR6y",
"links": [
[
"write",
"write"
]
]
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "isurat"
},
{
"word": "kagsurat"
},
{
"word": "magsurat"
},
{
"word": "parasurat"
},
{
"word": "suraton"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "ms",
"3": "surat",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Malay surat",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "ms",
"3": "surat"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Malay surat",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*surat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic *surat",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*suʀat",
"t": "to carve, to incise"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suʀat (“to carve, to incise”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Malay surat, from Proto-Malayic *surat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suʀat (“to carve, to incise”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "súrat",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "noun",
"head": "súrat"
},
"expansion": "súrat",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"su‧rat"
],
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"lang_code": "bcl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a letter; a mail; a correspondence"
],
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"mail",
"mail"
],
[
"correspondence",
"correspondence"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "koreyo"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a written message"
],
"links": [
[
"written",
"written"
],
[
"message",
"message"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mensahe"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsuɾat/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈsu.ɾat]"
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "surada",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "surats",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surades",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "surat (feminine surada, masculine plural surats, feminine plural surades)",
"name": "ca-pp"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan non-lemma forms",
"Catalan past participles",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Catalan/at",
"Rhymes:Catalan/at/2 syllables"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "surar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past participle of surar"
],
"links": [
[
"surar",
"surar#Catalan"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[suˈɾat]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central",
"Valencian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-at"
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "surats",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "surat (plural surats)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "A chapter of the Qur'an",
"word": "sura"
}
],
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of sura (“A chapter of the Qur'an”)"
],
"links": [
[
"sura",
"sura#English"
],
[
"chapter",
"chapter"
],
[
"Qur'an",
"Qur'an"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian 2-syllable words",
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian terms derived from Malay",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Malay",
"Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"Requests for plural forms in Indonesian entries",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/at",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/rat",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/urat"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bersurat"
},
{
"word": "ketersuratan"
},
{
"word": "menyurat"
},
{
"word": "menyurati"
},
{
"word": "menyuratkan"
},
{
"word": "persuratan"
},
{
"word": "surat-menyurat"
},
{
"word": "suratan"
},
{
"word": "tersurat"
},
{
"word": "tersuratkan"
},
{
"word": "surat angkatan"
},
{
"word": "surat anonim"
},
{
"word": "surat antisipasi obligasi"
},
{
"word": "surat bahari"
},
{
"word": "surat berantai"
},
{
"word": "surat berharga"
},
{
"word": "surat buta"
},
{
"word": "surat cerai"
},
{
"word": "surat cinta"
},
{
"word": "surat dakwaan"
},
{
"word": "surat dinas"
},
{
"word": "surat edaran"
},
{
"word": "surat elektronik"
},
{
"word": "surat gadai"
},
{
"word": "surat gelap"
},
{
"word": "surat hibah"
},
{
"word": "surat ijazah"
},
{
"word": "surat isian"
},
{
"word": "surat izin"
},
{
"word": "surat jalan"
},
{
"word": "surat jaminan"
},
{
"word": "surat jawatan"
},
{
"word": "surat kabar"
},
{
"word": "surat kaleng"
},
{
"word": "surat kawat"
},
{
"word": "surat kawin"
},
{
"word": "surat kelahiran"
},
{
"word": "surat kematian"
},
{
"word": "surat kepemilikan"
},
{
"word": "surat kepercayaan"
},
{
"word": "surat keterangan"
},
{
"word": "surat kilat"
},
{
"word": "surat kuasa"
},
{
"word": "surat lahir"
},
{
"word": "surat lamaran kerja"
},
{
"word": "surat lepas"
},
{
"word": "surat mati"
},
{
"word": "surat mentega"
},
{
"word": "surat mualim"
},
{
"word": "surat muatan"
},
{
"word": "surat niaga"
},
{
"word": "surat nikah"
},
{
"word": "surat pajak"
},
{
"word": "surat paksa"
},
{
"word": "surat pas"
},
{
"word": "surat pembaca"
},
{
"word": "surat pemberitahuan"
},
{
"word": "surat pemilih"
},
{
"word": "surat pengangkatan"
},
{
"word": "surat pengantar"
},
{
"word": "surat pengenal"
},
{
"word": "surat peringatan"
},
{
"word": "surat perintah"
},
{
"word": "surat permintaan"
},
{
"word": "surat permohonan"
},
{
"word": "surat pribadi"
},
{
"word": "surat pujian"
},
{
"word": "surat rantai"
},
{
"word": "surat rekomendasi"
},
{
"word": "surat resmi"
},
{
"word": "surat sakti"
},
{
"word": "surat salinan"
},
{
"word": "surat sebaran"
},
{
"word": "surat segel"
},
{
"word": "surat selebaran"
},
{
"word": "surat sembah"
},
{
"word": "surat sensasi"
},
{
"word": "surat siaran"
},
{
"word": "surat sita"
},
{
"word": "surat somasi"
},
{
"word": "surat suara"
},
{
"word": "surat talak"
},
{
"word": "surat tanda anggota"
},
{
"word": "surat tanda registrasi"
},
{
"word": "surat tempelan"
},
{
"word": "surat terbang"
},
{
"word": "surat terbuka"
},
{
"word": "surat tercatat"
},
{
"word": "surat tilang"
},
{
"word": "surat tuduhan"
},
{
"word": "surat tugas"
},
{
"word": "surat ukur"
},
{
"word": "surat uleman"
},
{
"word": "surat undangan"
},
{
"word": "surat undian"
},
{
"word": "surat usiran"
},
{
"word": "surat utang"
},
{
"word": "surat warisan"
},
{
"word": "surat wasiat"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tet",
"2": "surat",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tetum: surat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tetum: surat"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "surat"
},
"expansion": "Malay surat",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*surat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic *surat",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*suʀat",
"t": "to carve, to incise"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suʀat (“to carve, to incise”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Malay surat, from Proto-Malayic *surat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suʀat (“to carve, to incise”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "suratku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "suratmu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "suratnya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "surat (first-person possessive suratku, second-person possessive suratmu, third-person possessive suratnya)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"document (original or official paper)"
],
"links": [
[
"document",
"document"
],
[
"original",
"original#English"
],
[
"official",
"official#English"
],
[
"paper",
"paper#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dokumen"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"letter (written message)"
],
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"written",
"written#English"
],
[
"message",
"message#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"writing"
],
"links": [
[
"writing",
"writing"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tulisan"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"inscription"
],
"links": [
[
"inscription",
"inscription"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"certificate"
],
"links": [
[
"certificate",
"certificate"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sertifikat"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"card"
],
"links": [
[
"card",
"card"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kartu"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/su.rat/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-urat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-rat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-at"
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian 2-syllable words",
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"Requests for plural forms in Indonesian entries",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/at",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/rat",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/urat"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "suratku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "suratmu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "suratnya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "surat (first-person possessive suratku, second-person possessive suratmu, third-person possessive suratnya)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "sura",
"word": "surah"
}
],
"categories": [
"id:Islam"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of surah (“sura”)."
],
"links": [
[
"surah",
"surah#Indonesian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Islam) alternative form of surah (“sura”)."
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
],
"topics": [
"Islam",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/su.rat/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-urat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-rat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-at"
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "surat",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "surat",
"name": "jv-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Javanese",
"lang_code": "jv",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ꦱꦸꦫꦠ꧀"
}
],
"categories": [
"Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Javanese non-lemma forms",
"Javanese romanizations",
"Javanese terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of ꦱꦸꦫꦠ꧀."
],
"links": [
[
"ꦱꦸꦫꦠ꧀",
"ꦱꦸꦫꦠ꧀#Javanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"categories": [
"Malay 2-syllable words",
"Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"Malay lemmas",
"Malay nouns",
"Malay terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Malay terms with redundant script codes",
"Rhymes:Malay/at",
"Rhymes:Malay/rat",
"Rhymes:Malay/urat"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to write letter between one another",
"word": "surat-menyurat"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"of declaration"
],
"tags": [
"letter"
],
"word": "surat akuan"
},
{
"english": "newspaper",
"word": "surat khabar"
},
{
"english": "envelope",
"word": "sampul surat"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "surat",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Bikol Central: surat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bikol Central: surat"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "surat"
},
"expansion": "Indonesian: surat\n→ Tetum: surat",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Indonesian: surat\n→ Tetum: surat"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mg",
"2": "soratra",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Malagasy: soratra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Malagasy: soratra"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "sulat",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tagalog: sulat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tagalog: sulat"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tft",
"2": "surat",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ternate: surat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ternate: surat"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "سورت",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "surat-surat",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suratku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"informal",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "suratmu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "suratnya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "سورت"
},
"expansion": "surat (Jawi spelling سورت, plural surat-surat, informal 1st possessive suratku, 2nd possessive suratmu, 3rd possessive suratnya)",
"name": "ms-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"document (original or official paper)"
],
"links": [
[
"document",
"document"
],
[
"original",
"original#English"
],
[
"official",
"official#English"
],
[
"paper",
"paper#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"letter (written message)"
],
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"written",
"written#English"
],
[
"message",
"message#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/surat/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-urat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-rat"
},
{
"rhymes": "-at"
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*suʀat",
"t": "to carve, to incise"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suʀat (“to carve, to incise”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suʀat (“to carve, to incise”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"10": "",
"11": "or",
"12": "",
"13": "or",
"14": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "or",
"6": "",
"7": "or",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f2sc": "Java",
"f3sc": "Java",
"f4sc": "Java",
"f5sc": "Latn",
"f6sc": "Latn",
"f7sc": "Latn",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "surat",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "surat",
"name": "kaw-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Javanese",
"lang_code": "kaw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Javanese lemmas",
"Old Javanese nouns",
"Old Javanese terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Old Javanese terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian"
],
"glosses": [
"letter (written message)"
],
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
]
]
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "surat",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish non-lemma forms",
"Swedish verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "sura"
}
],
"glosses": [
"supine of sura"
],
"links": [
[
"sura",
"sura#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"supine"
]
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tft",
"2": "ms",
"3": "surat"
},
"expansion": "Malay surat",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tft",
"2": "poz-mly-pro",
"3": "*surat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic *surat",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Malay surat, from Proto-Malayic *surat.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tft",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"f1sc": "",
"f2sc": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "surat",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "surat",
"name": "tft-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ternate",
"lang_code": "tft",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ternate entries with incorrect language header",
"Ternate lemmas",
"Ternate nouns",
"Ternate terms borrowed from Malay",
"Ternate terms derived from Malay",
"Ternate terms derived from Proto-Malayic",
"Ternate terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"a letter (written message)"
],
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈsu.ɾat]"
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tet",
"2": "id",
"3": "surat"
},
"expansion": "Indonesian surat",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Indonesian surat.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tet",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "surat",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tetum",
"lang_code": "tet",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Tetum entries with incorrect language header",
"Tetum lemmas",
"Tetum nouns",
"Tetum terms borrowed from Indonesian",
"Tetum terms derived from Indonesian"
],
"glosses": [
"letter (written message)"
],
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"written",
"written#English"
],
[
"message",
"message#English"
]
]
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"categories": [
"Turkish doublets",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish lemmas",
"Turkish nouns",
"Turkish terms derived from Arabic",
"Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"Turkish terms derived from the Arabic root ص و ر",
"Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "صورت"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish صورت",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ar",
"3": "صُورَة"
},
"expansion": "Arabic صُورَة (ṣūra)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suret"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of suret",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ar",
"3": "ص و ر"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish صورت, from Arabic صُورَة (ṣūra). Doublet of suret.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "suratı",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "suratlar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite accusative",
"4": "suratı",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "plural",
"8": "suratlar",
"f1accel-form": "def|acc|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f3accel-form": "nom|p",
"f3request": "1",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "surat (definite accusative suratı, plural suratlar)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ı",
"2": "lar"
},
"expansion": "surat (definite accusative suratı, plural suratlar)",
"name": "tr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"face"
],
"links": [
[
"face",
"face"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "yüz"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You better not greet our guests with that surliness again!",
"text": "Bir daha bu suratla misafirleri karşıladığını görmeyeyim!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"surliness"
],
"links": [
[
"surliness",
"surliness"
]
]
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "suratlar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "suratlar",
"head": "",
"sc": ""
},
"expansion": "surat (plural suratlar)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "surat (plural suratlar)",
"name": "uz-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Uzbek entries with incorrect language header",
"Uzbek lemmas",
"Uzbek nouns",
"Uzbek terms with redundant script codes"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mbb",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "surat",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Western Bukidnon Manobo",
"lang_code": "mbb",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Western Bukidnon Manobo entries with incorrect language header",
"Western Bukidnon Manobo lemmas",
"Western Bukidnon Manobo verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to write"
],
"links": [
[
"write",
"write"
]
]
}
],
"word": "surat"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.