"stiffness" meaning in All languages combined

See stiffness on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-stiffness.wav Forms: stiffnesses [plural]
Etymology: From Middle English stiffenes, styffenesse, styfnesse; equivalent to stiff + -ness. Perhaps merging with Middle English stithnesse, stithnysse, from Old English stīþness (“stiffness”). Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|stiffenes}} Middle English stiffenes, {{suffix|en|stiff|ness}} stiff + -ness, {{cog|enm|stithnesse}} Middle English stithnesse, {{der|en|ang|stīþness|t=stiffness}} Old English stīþness (“stiffness”) Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} stiffness (countable and uncountable, plural stiffnesses)
  1. Rigidity or a measure of rigidity. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (rigidity): твърдост (tvǎrdost) [feminine] (Bulgarian), ztuhlost [feminine] (Czech), jäykkyys (Finnish), rigidité (French), raideur (French), tesura [feminine] (Galician), hirteza [feminine] (Galician), rixeza [feminine] (Galician), Erstarrung [feminine] (German), Starre [feminine] (German), Steife [feminine] (German), Steifigkeit [feminine] (German), Steifheit [feminine] (German), merevség (Hungarian), rigidezza [feminine] (Italian), rigidità [feminine] (Italian), rigor [masculine] (Latin), stingums [masculine] (Latvian), stīvums [masculine] (Latvian), stivhet [feminine, masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), rigidez [feminine] (Portuguese), жёсткость (žóstkostʹ) (Russian), rigidez [feminine] (Spanish), katılık (Turkish)
    Sense id: en-stiffness-en-noun-SHaXcBbb Disambiguation of 'rigidity': 64 33 2 1
  2. Inflexibility or a measure of inflexibility. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (inflexibility): скованост (skovanost) [feminine] (Bulgarian), вдървеност (vdǎrvenost) [feminine] (Bulgarian), taipumattomuus (Finnish), inflexibilité (French), inflessibilità [feminine] (Italian), rigor [masculine] (Latin), rigidez [feminine] (Portuguese), rigidez [feminine] (Spanish), inflexibilidad [feminine] (Spanish), direngenlik (Turkish), inatçılık (Turkish)
    Sense id: en-stiffness-en-noun-n2dCcgVB Disambiguation of 'inflexibility': 19 56 17 7
  3. Inelegance; a lack of relaxedness. Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (topical): Physical quantities Translations (inelegance; lack of relaxedness): raideur (French), чо́порность (čópornostʹ) (Russian)
    Sense id: en-stiffness-en-noun--TKOuQvC Disambiguation of Physical quantities: 3 17 65 16 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -ness, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Interlingua translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Latvian translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Maori translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Turkish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 1 26 51 22 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ness: 3 21 51 26 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 1 27 51 21 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 2 24 55 19 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 1 23 59 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 2 17 57 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 2 23 54 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 4 19 56 21 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 3 19 59 19 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 2 18 58 22 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 2 23 57 18 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 3 23 54 20 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 3 19 57 22 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 4 17 55 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Interlingua translations: 2 20 61 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 2 24 57 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 2 20 60 18 Disambiguation of Terms with Latvian translations: 3 19 57 21 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 2 18 60 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Maori translations: 3 19 57 21 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 3 18 59 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 2 23 55 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 2 19 63 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 1 21 62 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 2 19 58 21 Disambiguation of 'inelegance; lack of relaxedness': 0 4 92 4
  4. Muscular tension due to unaccustomed or excessive exercise or work; soreness. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (muscular tension): схващане (shvaštane) [neuter] (Bulgarian), cruiximent [masculine] (Catalan), maniotas [feminine, plural] (Galician), вкочанетост (vkočanetost) [feminine] (Macedonian), uhu (Maori), stivhet [feminine, masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), agujetas [feminine, plural] (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-stiffness-en-noun-Um-CtzSh Disambiguation of 'muscular tension': 1 1 3 95
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: death-stiffness

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "death-stiffness"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "stiffenes"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English stiffenes",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "stiff",
        "3": "ness"
      },
      "expansion": "stiff + -ness",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "stithnesse"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English stithnesse",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "stīþness",
        "t": "stiffness"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English stīþness (“stiffness”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English stiffenes, styffenesse, styfnesse; equivalent to stiff + -ness. Perhaps merging with Middle English stithnesse, stithnysse, from Old English stīþness (“stiffness”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "stiffnesses",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "stiffness (countable and uncountable, plural stiffnesses)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Rigidity or a measure of rigidity."
      ],
      "id": "en-stiffness-en-noun-SHaXcBbb",
      "links": [
        [
          "Rigidity",
          "rigidity"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "64 33 2 1",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "tvǎrdost",
          "sense": "rigidity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "твърдост"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "64 33 2 1",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "rigidity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ztuhlost"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "64 33 2 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "rigidity",
          "word": "jäykkyys"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "64 33 2 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "rigidity",
          "word": "rigidité"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "64 33 2 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "rigidity",
          "word": "raideur"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "64 33 2 1",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "rigidity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "tesura"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "64 33 2 1",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "rigidity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "hirteza"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "64 33 2 1",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "rigidity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "rixeza"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "64 33 2 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "rigidity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Erstarrung"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "64 33 2 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "rigidity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Starre"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "64 33 2 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "rigidity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Steife"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "64 33 2 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "rigidity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Steifigkeit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "64 33 2 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "rigidity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Steifheit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "64 33 2 1",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "rigidity",
          "word": "merevség"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "64 33 2 1",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "rigidity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "rigidezza"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "64 33 2 1",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "rigidity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "rigidità"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "64 33 2 1",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "rigidity",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "rigor"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "64 33 2 1",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "rigidity",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "stingums"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "64 33 2 1",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "rigidity",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "stīvums"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "64 33 2 1",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "rigidity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "stivhet"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "64 33 2 1",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "rigidity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "rigidez"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "64 33 2 1",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "žóstkostʹ",
          "sense": "rigidity",
          "word": "жёсткость"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "64 33 2 1",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "rigidity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "rigidez"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "64 33 2 1",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "rigidity",
          "word": "katılık"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Inflexibility or a measure of inflexibility."
      ],
      "id": "en-stiffness-en-noun-n2dCcgVB",
      "links": [
        [
          "Inflexibility",
          "inflexibility"
        ],
        [
          "measure",
          "measure"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "19 56 17 7",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "skovanost",
          "sense": "inflexibility",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "скованост"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 56 17 7",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "vdǎrvenost",
          "sense": "inflexibility",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "вдървеност"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 56 17 7",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "inflexibility",
          "word": "taipumattomuus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 56 17 7",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "inflexibility",
          "word": "inflexibilité"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 56 17 7",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "inflexibility",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "inflessibilità"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 56 17 7",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "inflexibility",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "rigor"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 56 17 7",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "inflexibility",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "rigidez"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 56 17 7",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "inflexibility",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "rigidez"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 56 17 7",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "inflexibility",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "inflexibilidad"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 56 17 7",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "inflexibility",
          "word": "direngenlik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "19 56 17 7",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "inflexibility",
          "word": "inatçılık"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "1 26 51 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 21 51 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -ness",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 27 51 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 24 55 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 23 59 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 17 57 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 23 54 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 19 56 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Czech translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 19 59 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 18 58 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 23 57 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 23 54 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Galician translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 19 57 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 17 55 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 20 61 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Interlingua translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 24 57 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Italian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 20 60 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Latin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 19 57 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 18 60 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 19 57 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Maori translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 18 59 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 23 55 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 19 63 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 21 62 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 19 58 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 17 65 16",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Physical quantities",
          "orig": "en:Physical quantities",
          "parents": [
            "Physics",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "His stiffness hampered the conversation.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1699, William Temple, Heads designed for an essay on conversations:",
          "text": "Study gives strength to the mind; conversation, grace: the first apt to give stiffness, the other suppleness: one gives substance and form to the statue, the other polishes it.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Inelegance; a lack of relaxedness."
      ],
      "id": "en-stiffness-en-noun--TKOuQvC",
      "links": [
        [
          "Inelegance",
          "inelegance"
        ],
        [
          "relaxedness",
          "relaxedness"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 4 92 4",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "inelegance; lack of relaxedness",
          "word": "raideur"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 4 92 4",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "čópornostʹ",
          "sense": "inelegance; lack of relaxedness",
          "word": "чо́порность"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Muscular tension due to unaccustomed or excessive exercise or work; soreness."
      ],
      "id": "en-stiffness-en-noun-Um-CtzSh",
      "links": [
        [
          "Muscular",
          "muscular"
        ],
        [
          "tension",
          "tension"
        ],
        [
          "soreness",
          "soreness"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 3 95",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "shvaštane",
          "sense": "muscular tension",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "схващане"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 3 95",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "muscular tension",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "cruiximent"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 3 95",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "muscular tension",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "maniotas"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 3 95",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "vkočanetost",
          "sense": "muscular tension",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "вкочанетост"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 3 95",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "muscular tension",
          "word": "uhu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 3 95",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "muscular tension",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "stivhet"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 3 95",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "muscular tension",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "agujetas"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-stiffness.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-stiffness.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-stiffness.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-stiffness.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-stiffness.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "stiffness"
  ],
  "word": "stiffness"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms suffixed with -ness",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for review of Dutch translations",
    "Requests for review of German translations",
    "Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Interlingua translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Latvian translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Maori translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations",
    "en:Physical quantities"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "death-stiffness"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "stiffenes"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English stiffenes",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "stiff",
        "3": "ness"
      },
      "expansion": "stiff + -ness",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "stithnesse"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English stithnesse",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "stīþness",
        "t": "stiffness"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English stīþness (“stiffness”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English stiffenes, styffenesse, styfnesse; equivalent to stiff + -ness. Perhaps merging with Middle English stithnesse, stithnysse, from Old English stīþness (“stiffness”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "stiffnesses",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "stiffness (countable and uncountable, plural stiffnesses)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Rigidity or a measure of rigidity."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Rigidity",
          "rigidity"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Inflexibility or a measure of inflexibility."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Inflexibility",
          "inflexibility"
        ],
        [
          "measure",
          "measure"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "His stiffness hampered the conversation.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1699, William Temple, Heads designed for an essay on conversations:",
          "text": "Study gives strength to the mind; conversation, grace: the first apt to give stiffness, the other suppleness: one gives substance and form to the statue, the other polishes it.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Inelegance; a lack of relaxedness."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Inelegance",
          "inelegance"
        ],
        [
          "relaxedness",
          "relaxedness"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Muscular tension due to unaccustomed or excessive exercise or work; soreness."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Muscular",
          "muscular"
        ],
        [
          "tension",
          "tension"
        ],
        [
          "soreness",
          "soreness"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-stiffness.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-stiffness.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-stiffness.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-stiffness.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-stiffness.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "tvǎrdost",
      "sense": "rigidity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "твърдост"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "rigidity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ztuhlost"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "rigidity",
      "word": "jäykkyys"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "rigidity",
      "word": "rigidité"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "rigidity",
      "word": "raideur"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "rigidity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "tesura"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "rigidity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "hirteza"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "rigidity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "rixeza"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "rigidity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Erstarrung"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "rigidity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Starre"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "rigidity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Steife"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "rigidity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Steifigkeit"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "rigidity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Steifheit"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "rigidity",
      "word": "merevség"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "rigidity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "rigidezza"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "rigidity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "rigidità"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "rigidity",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "rigor"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "rigidity",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "stingums"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "rigidity",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "stīvums"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "rigidity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "stivhet"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "rigidity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "rigidez"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "žóstkostʹ",
      "sense": "rigidity",
      "word": "жёсткость"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "rigidity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "rigidez"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "rigidity",
      "word": "katılık"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "skovanost",
      "sense": "inflexibility",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "скованост"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "vdǎrvenost",
      "sense": "inflexibility",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "вдървеност"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "inflexibility",
      "word": "taipumattomuus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "inflexibility",
      "word": "inflexibilité"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "inflexibility",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "inflessibilità"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "inflexibility",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "rigor"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "inflexibility",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "rigidez"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "inflexibility",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "rigidez"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "inflexibility",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "inflexibilidad"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "inflexibility",
      "word": "direngenlik"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "inflexibility",
      "word": "inatçılık"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "inelegance; lack of relaxedness",
      "word": "raideur"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "čópornostʹ",
      "sense": "inelegance; lack of relaxedness",
      "word": "чо́порность"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "shvaštane",
      "sense": "muscular tension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "схващане"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "muscular tension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "cruiximent"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "muscular tension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ],
      "word": "maniotas"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "vkočanetost",
      "sense": "muscular tension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "вкочанетост"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "muscular tension",
      "word": "uhu"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "muscular tension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "stivhet"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "muscular tension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ],
      "word": "agujetas"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "stiffness"
  ],
  "word": "stiffness"
}

Download raw JSONL data for stiffness meaning in All languages combined (8.2kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.