See spiritus on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "spīritus"
},
"expansion": "Latin spīritus",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spirit",
"3": "spirytus",
"4": "sprite",
"5": "spright",
"6": "esprit"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of spirit, spirytus, sprite, spright, and esprit",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin spīritus. Doublet of spirit, spirytus, sprite, spright, and esprit.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spirituses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spiritus",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "spiritus"
},
"expansion": "spiritus (plural spirituses or spiritus)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "spiritus asper"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "spiritus lenis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "spiritus mundi"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A breathing."
],
"id": "en-spiritus-en-noun-QdasIlMJ",
"links": [
[
"breathing",
"breathe"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An aspirate."
],
"id": "en-spiritus-en-noun-lV4fANrU",
"links": [
[
"aspirate",
"aspirate"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 14 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any spirituous preparation."
],
"id": "en-spiritus-en-noun-rSiSsNwe",
"links": [
[
"spirituous",
"spirituous"
]
]
}
],
"word": "spiritus"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "derived terms",
"2": "Derived"
},
"expansion": "Derived",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "la",
"3": "spīritus",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin spīritus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "la",
"3": "spīritus"
},
"expansion": "Derived from Latin spīritus",
"name": "der+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from Latin spīritus, from or related to spīrō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "inanimate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "spiritus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spirity",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spiritu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spiritů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spiritu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spiritům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spiritus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spirity",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spirite",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spirity",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spiritu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spiritech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spiritem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spirity",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "spiritus m inan",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.foreign"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech nouns with regular foreign declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "26 1 12 1 1 7 21 1 25 0 0 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ethanol"
],
"id": "en-spiritus-cs-noun-1CdBhFdF",
"links": [
[
"ethanol",
"ethanol"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "aspirace"
},
{
"word": "aspirant"
},
{
"word": "aspirantura"
},
{
"word": "aspirovat"
},
{
"word": "expirace"
},
{
"word": "exspirace"
},
{
"word": "inspirace"
},
{
"word": "inspirátor"
},
{
"word": "inspirovat"
},
{
"word": "konspirace"
},
{
"word": "konspirátor"
},
{
"word": "perspirace"
},
{
"word": "respirace"
},
{
"word": "respirátor"
},
{
"word": "spiritismus"
},
{
"word": "spiritista"
},
{
"word": "spiritistický"
},
{
"word": "spiritualismus"
},
{
"word": "spiritualista"
},
{
"word": "spiritualistický"
},
{
"word": "spiritualita"
},
{
"word": "spirituál"
},
{
"word": "spirituální"
},
{
"word": "spirometr"
},
{
"word": "spirometrický"
},
{
"word": "spirometrie"
},
{
"word": "špiritus"
},
{
"word": "transpirace"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈspɪrɪtus]"
}
],
"word": "spiritus"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "spiritus",
"bor": "1",
"t": "methylated spirit"
},
"expansion": "→ Indonesian: spiritus (“methylated spirit”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Indonesian: spiritus (“methylated spirit”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "spíritùs",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Papiamentu: spíritùs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Papiamentu: spíritùs"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "spīritus",
"4": "",
"5": "breath; spirit"
},
"expansion": "Latin spīritus (“breath; spirit”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin spīritus (“breath; spirit”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spiritussen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spiritus",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spiritusje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-en",
"3": "+",
"pl2": "spiritus"
},
"expansion": "spiritus m (plural spiritussen or spiritus, diminutive spiritusje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"methylated spirit"
],
"id": "en-spiritus-nl-noun-vNFYhfHh",
"links": [
[
"methylated spirit",
"methylated spirit"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "brandspiritus"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Orthography",
"orig": "nl:Orthography",
"parents": [
"Writing",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "26 1 12 1 1 7 21 1 25 0 0 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 90",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a kind of diacritic used on Ancient Greek vowels to indicate aspiration or lack thereof. See spiritus asper and spiritus lenis"
],
"id": "en-spiritus-nl-noun-Bhq3qpn4",
"links": [
[
"orthography",
"orthography"
],
[
"diacritic",
"diacritic"
],
[
"Ancient Greek",
"Ancient Greek"
],
[
"vowels",
"vowels"
],
[
"aspiration",
"aspiration"
],
[
"spiritus asper",
"spiritus asper"
],
[
"spiritus lenis",
"spiritus lenis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(orthography) a kind of diacritic used on Ancient Greek vowels to indicate aspiration or lack thereof. See spiritus asper and spiritus lenis"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"communications",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"orthography",
"publishing",
"writing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Nl-spiritus.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/Nl-spiritus.ogg/Nl-spiritus.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Nl-spiritus.ogg"
}
],
"word": "spiritus"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "nl",
"3": "spiritus"
},
"expansion": "Dutch spiritus",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "la",
"3": "spīritus",
"4": "",
"5": "breath; spirit"
},
"expansion": "Latin spīritus (“breath; spirit”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "spirit"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of spirit",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch spiritus, from Latin spīritus (“breath; spirit”). Doublet of spirit.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "",
"pl": "spiritus-spiritus"
},
"expansion": "spiritus (plural)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"spi‧ri‧tus"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "26 1 12 1 1 7 21 1 25 0 0 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"methylated spirit."
],
"id": "en-spiritus-id-noun-fbfSrM6T",
"links": [
[
"methylated spirit",
"methylated spirit#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "spirit"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "seperitus"
},
{
"word": "sepiritus"
}
],
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[spiˈrɪt̪ʊs]"
}
],
"word": "spiritus"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spīrituālis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spīritus asper"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spīritus lēnis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spīritus mundī"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spīritus sānctus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "shpirt",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: shpirt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: shpirt"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "espíritu",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Asturian: espíritu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Asturian: espíritu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*ɨspɨrɨd",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *ɨspɨrɨd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *ɨspɨrɨd"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "spered"
},
"expansion": "Breton: spered",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: spered"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "spyrys"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: spyrys",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: spyrys"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ysbryd"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: ysbryd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: ysbryd"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "spiritus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: spiritus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: spiritus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "espirit",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: espirit\n→ Middle English: spirit\nEnglish: spirit\nMiddle French: esperit\nFrench: esprit\n→ Czech: esprit\n→ English: esprit\n→ Polish: spryt\n→ Turkish: espri (“humor, joke”)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: espirit\n→ Middle English: spirit\nEnglish: spirit\nMiddle French: esperit\nFrench: esprit\n→ Czech: esprit\n→ English: esprit\n→ Polish: spryt\n→ Turkish: espri (“humor, joke”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "spirt",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Friulian: spirt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Friulian: spirt"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Spiritus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Spiritus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Spiritus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "spirut",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Irish: spirut, spiurt\nMiddle Irish: spirat\nIrish: spiorad\nManx: spyrryd\nScottish Gaelic: spiorad",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Irish: spirut, spiurt\nMiddle Irish: spirat\nIrish: spiorad\nManx: spyrryd\nScottish Gaelic: spiorad"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "spirito",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: spirito",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "spirto",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "spirto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: spirito, spirto"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lld",
"2": "spiert",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Ladin: spiert",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lld",
"2": "spirt",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "spirt",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "might be inherited"
},
"expansion": "(might be inherited)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Ladin: spiert, spirt (might be inherited)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "esperit",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Occitan: esperit",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Occitan: esperit"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "esperit"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: esperit",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: esperit"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "esperit"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: esperit",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: esperit"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "espirito",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Galician-Portuguese: espirito",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Galician-Portuguese: espirito"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "espírito"
},
"expansion": "Galician: espírito",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: espírito"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "espírito"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: espírito",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: espírito"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "spirytus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: spirytus\n→ English: spirytus",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: spirytus\n→ English: spirytus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "spirit",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: spirit",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "spiriduș",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "spiriduș",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: spirit, spiriduș"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "spiert",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Romansch: spiert",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "spért",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "spért",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "might be inherited"
},
"expansion": "(might be inherited)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Romansch: spiert, spért (might be inherited)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "ispìritu",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Sardinian: ispìritu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sardinian: ispìritu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "spiritu",
"alt": "spìritu",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Sicilian: spìritu",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "spirdu",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "spirdu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sicilian: spìritu, spirdu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "espirtu",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Spanish: espirtu",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "espirto",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "espirto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Spanish: espirtu, espirto"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "espíritu"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: espíritu\n→ Basque: espiritu\n→ Bikol Central: espiritu\n→ Cebuano: espiritu\n→ Tagalog: espiritu",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: espíritu\n→ Basque: espiritu\n→ Bikol Central: espiritu\n→ Cebuano: espiritu\n→ Tagalog: espiritu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lad",
"2": "espirito",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "espirito",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lad",
"2": "איספיריטו",
"tr": "espirito<templatestyles src=\"Module:etymology/style.css\" />"
},
"expansion": "Ladino: איספיריטו (espirito)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lad",
"2": "esprito",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "esprito",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lad",
"2": "איספריטו",
"nolb": "1",
"tr": "esprito<templatestyles src=\"Module:etymology/style.css\" />"
},
"expansion": "איספריטו (esprito)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ladino: איספיריטו (espirito), איספריטו (esprito)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "spirito",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Venetan: spirito",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Venetan: spirito"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "spert",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Walloon: spert",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Walloon: spert"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "spīrō",
"3": "-tus",
"id2": "action noun",
"t1": "I breathe; I blow, exhale, emit; I respire; I live; I am inspired; I show, express"
},
"expansion": "spīrō (“I breathe; I blow, exhale, emit; I respire; I live; I am inspired; I show, express”) + -tus",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From spīrō (“I breathe; I blow, exhale, emit; I respire; I live; I am inspired; I show, express”) + -tus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spīritus",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritūs",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrituum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrituī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "spīritus<4>"
},
"expansion": "spīritus m (genitive spīritūs); fourth declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "spīritus<4>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spīrābilis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spīrāculum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spīrāmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spīrāmentum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spīrātiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spīrātus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spīritālitās"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spīritāliter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spīrituālitās"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spīrō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 30 7 7 13 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "There are two breathings [in Ancient Greek]: rough and smooth.",
"ref": "1833, Classicorum auctorum e Vaticanicis codicibus editorum tomus V., Rome, page 595:",
"text": "Spīritūs sunt duo dasia et psile.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"air, breath, breathing"
],
"id": "en-spiritus-la-noun-9WSTzVQ3",
"links": [
[
"air",
"air"
],
[
"breath",
"breath"
],
[
"breathing",
"breathing"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "spīrātiō"
},
{
"word": "anima"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-4"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 1 12 1 1 7 21 1 25 0 0 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 1 13 1 1 8 18 1 32 0 0 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 90 1 1 3 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 30 7 7 13 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 80 2 2 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -tus (action noun)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"light breeze"
],
"id": "en-spiritus-la-noun-Ddy~YImG",
"links": [
[
"light",
"light"
],
[
"breeze",
"breeze"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"spirit, ghost"
],
"id": "en-spiritus-la-noun--JIEnECd",
"links": [
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
],
[
"ghost",
"ghost"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A fool uttereth all his mind: a wise man deferreth, and keepeth it till afterwards. (trans. Douay-Rheims Bible)",
"ref": "405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Proverbs.29.11",
"text": "tōtum spīritum suum prōfert stultus sapiēns differt et reservat in posterum"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mind"
],
"id": "en-spiritus-la-noun-HEj2MQ8c",
"links": [
[
"mind",
"mind"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 30 7 7 13 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"energy; courage"
],
"id": "en-spiritus-la-noun-32-PBDw3",
"links": [
[
"energy",
"energy"
],
[
"courage",
"courage"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "virtūs"
},
{
"word": "fortitūdō"
},
{
"word": "fīdūcia"
},
{
"word": "animus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-4"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 30 7 7 13 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pride, haughtiness, arrogance"
],
"id": "en-spiritus-la-noun-9OvmQ2Tc",
"links": [
[
"pride",
"pride"
],
[
"haughtiness",
"haughtiness"
],
[
"arrogance",
"arrogance"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "superbia"
},
{
"word": "arrogantia"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-4"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspiː.ri.tus/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈs̠piːrɪt̪ʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspi.ri.tus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈspiːrit̪us]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "spiritus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "derived terms",
"2": "Derived"
},
"expansion": "Derived",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "la",
"3": "spīritus",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin spīritus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "la",
"3": "spīritus"
},
"expansion": "Derived from Latin spīritus",
"name": "der+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from Latin spīritus, from or related to spīrō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "inanimate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "spiritus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spirity",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spiritu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spiritů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spiritu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spiritům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spiritus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spirity",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spirite",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spirity",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spiritu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spiritech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spiritem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spirity",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "spiritus m inan",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.foreign"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "aspirace"
},
{
"word": "aspirant"
},
{
"word": "aspirantura"
},
{
"word": "aspirovat"
},
{
"word": "expirace"
},
{
"word": "exspirace"
},
{
"word": "inspirace"
},
{
"word": "inspirátor"
},
{
"word": "inspirovat"
},
{
"word": "konspirace"
},
{
"word": "konspirátor"
},
{
"word": "perspirace"
},
{
"word": "respirace"
},
{
"word": "respirátor"
},
{
"word": "spiritismus"
},
{
"word": "spiritista"
},
{
"word": "spiritistický"
},
{
"word": "spiritualismus"
},
{
"word": "spiritualista"
},
{
"word": "spiritualistický"
},
{
"word": "spiritualita"
},
{
"word": "spirituál"
},
{
"word": "spirituální"
},
{
"word": "spirometr"
},
{
"word": "spirometrický"
},
{
"word": "spirometrie"
},
{
"word": "špiritus"
},
{
"word": "transpirace"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech hard masculine inanimate nouns",
"Czech inanimate nouns",
"Czech lemmas",
"Czech masculine inanimate nouns",
"Czech masculine nouns",
"Czech nouns",
"Czech nouns with regular foreign declension",
"Czech terms derived from Latin",
"Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"ethanol"
],
"links": [
[
"ethanol",
"ethanol"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈspɪrɪtus]"
}
],
"word": "spiritus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch indeclinable nouns",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms derived from Latin",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "spiritus",
"bor": "1",
"t": "methylated spirit"
},
"expansion": "→ Indonesian: spiritus (“methylated spirit”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Indonesian: spiritus (“methylated spirit”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "spíritùs",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Papiamentu: spíritùs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Papiamentu: spíritùs"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "spīritus",
"4": "",
"5": "breath; spirit"
},
"expansion": "Latin spīritus (“breath; spirit”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin spīritus (“breath; spirit”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spiritussen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spiritus",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spiritusje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-en",
"3": "+",
"pl2": "spiritus"
},
"expansion": "spiritus m (plural spiritussen or spiritus, diminutive spiritusje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"methylated spirit"
],
"links": [
[
"methylated spirit",
"methylated spirit"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "brandspiritus"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"nl:Orthography"
],
"glosses": [
"a kind of diacritic used on Ancient Greek vowels to indicate aspiration or lack thereof. See spiritus asper and spiritus lenis"
],
"links": [
[
"orthography",
"orthography"
],
[
"diacritic",
"diacritic"
],
[
"Ancient Greek",
"Ancient Greek"
],
[
"vowels",
"vowels"
],
[
"aspiration",
"aspiration"
],
[
"spiritus asper",
"spiritus asper"
],
[
"spiritus lenis",
"spiritus lenis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(orthography) a kind of diacritic used on Ancient Greek vowels to indicate aspiration or lack thereof. See spiritus asper and spiritus lenis"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"communications",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"orthography",
"publishing",
"writing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Nl-spiritus.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/Nl-spiritus.ogg/Nl-spiritus.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Nl-spiritus.ogg"
}
],
"word": "spiritus"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English indeclinable nouns",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "spīritus"
},
"expansion": "Latin spīritus",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spirit",
"3": "spirytus",
"4": "sprite",
"5": "spright",
"6": "esprit"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of spirit, spirytus, sprite, spright, and esprit",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin spīritus. Doublet of spirit, spirytus, sprite, spright, and esprit.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spirituses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spiritus",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "spiritus"
},
"expansion": "spiritus (plural spirituses or spiritus)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "spiritus asper"
},
{
"word": "spiritus lenis"
},
{
"word": "spiritus mundi"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A breathing."
],
"links": [
[
"breathing",
"breathe"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An aspirate."
],
"links": [
[
"aspirate",
"aspirate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any spirituous preparation."
],
"links": [
[
"spirituous",
"spirituous"
]
]
}
],
"word": "spiritus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "nl",
"3": "spiritus"
},
"expansion": "Dutch spiritus",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "la",
"3": "spīritus",
"4": "",
"5": "breath; spirit"
},
"expansion": "Latin spīritus (“breath; spirit”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "spirit"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of spirit",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch spiritus, from Latin spīritus (“breath; spirit”). Doublet of spirit.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "",
"pl": "spiritus-spiritus"
},
"expansion": "spiritus (plural)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"spi‧ri‧tus"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "spirit"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian doublets",
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian terms borrowed from Dutch",
"Indonesian terms derived from Dutch",
"Indonesian terms derived from Latin",
"Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"methylated spirit."
],
"links": [
[
"methylated spirit",
"methylated spirit#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[spiˈrɪt̪ʊs]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "seperitus"
},
{
"word": "sepiritus"
}
],
"word": "spiritus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin fourth declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms suffixed with -tus (action noun)",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "spīrituālis"
},
{
"word": "spīritus asper"
},
{
"word": "spīritus lēnis"
},
{
"word": "spīritus mundī"
},
{
"word": "spīritus sānctus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "shpirt",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: shpirt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: shpirt"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "espíritu",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Asturian: espíritu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Asturian: espíritu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*ɨspɨrɨd",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *ɨspɨrɨd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *ɨspɨrɨd"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "spered"
},
"expansion": "Breton: spered",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: spered"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "spyrys"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: spyrys",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: spyrys"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ysbryd"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: ysbryd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: ysbryd"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "spiritus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: spiritus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: spiritus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "espirit",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: espirit\n→ Middle English: spirit\nEnglish: spirit\nMiddle French: esperit\nFrench: esprit\n→ Czech: esprit\n→ English: esprit\n→ Polish: spryt\n→ Turkish: espri (“humor, joke”)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: espirit\n→ Middle English: spirit\nEnglish: spirit\nMiddle French: esperit\nFrench: esprit\n→ Czech: esprit\n→ English: esprit\n→ Polish: spryt\n→ Turkish: espri (“humor, joke”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "spirt",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Friulian: spirt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Friulian: spirt"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Spiritus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Spiritus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Spiritus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "spirut",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Irish: spirut, spiurt\nMiddle Irish: spirat\nIrish: spiorad\nManx: spyrryd\nScottish Gaelic: spiorad",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Irish: spirut, spiurt\nMiddle Irish: spirat\nIrish: spiorad\nManx: spyrryd\nScottish Gaelic: spiorad"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "spirito",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: spirito",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "spirto",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "spirto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: spirito, spirto"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lld",
"2": "spiert",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Ladin: spiert",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lld",
"2": "spirt",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "spirt",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "might be inherited"
},
"expansion": "(might be inherited)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Ladin: spiert, spirt (might be inherited)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "esperit",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Occitan: esperit",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Occitan: esperit"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "esperit"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: esperit",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: esperit"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "esperit"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: esperit",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: esperit"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "espirito",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Galician-Portuguese: espirito",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Galician-Portuguese: espirito"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "espírito"
},
"expansion": "Galician: espírito",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: espírito"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "espírito"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: espírito",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: espírito"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "spirytus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: spirytus\n→ English: spirytus",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: spirytus\n→ English: spirytus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "spirit",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: spirit",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "spiriduș",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "spiriduș",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: spirit, spiriduș"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "spiert",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Romansch: spiert",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "spért",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "spért",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "might be inherited"
},
"expansion": "(might be inherited)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Romansch: spiert, spért (might be inherited)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "ispìritu",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Sardinian: ispìritu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sardinian: ispìritu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "spiritu",
"alt": "spìritu",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Sicilian: spìritu",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "spirdu",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "spirdu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sicilian: spìritu, spirdu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "espirtu",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Spanish: espirtu",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "espirto",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "espirto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Spanish: espirtu, espirto"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "espíritu"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: espíritu\n→ Basque: espiritu\n→ Bikol Central: espiritu\n→ Cebuano: espiritu\n→ Tagalog: espiritu",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: espíritu\n→ Basque: espiritu\n→ Bikol Central: espiritu\n→ Cebuano: espiritu\n→ Tagalog: espiritu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lad",
"2": "espirito",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "espirito",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lad",
"2": "איספיריטו",
"tr": "espirito<templatestyles src=\"Module:etymology/style.css\" />"
},
"expansion": "Ladino: איספיריטו (espirito)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lad",
"2": "esprito",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "esprito",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lad",
"2": "איספריטו",
"nolb": "1",
"tr": "esprito<templatestyles src=\"Module:etymology/style.css\" />"
},
"expansion": "איספריטו (esprito)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ladino: איספיריטו (espirito), איספריטו (esprito)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "spirito",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Venetan: spirito",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Venetan: spirito"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "spert",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Walloon: spert",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Walloon: spert"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "spīrō",
"3": "-tus",
"id2": "action noun",
"t1": "I breathe; I blow, exhale, emit; I respire; I live; I am inspired; I show, express"
},
"expansion": "spīrō (“I breathe; I blow, exhale, emit; I respire; I live; I am inspired; I show, express”) + -tus",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From spīrō (“I breathe; I blow, exhale, emit; I respire; I live; I am inspired; I show, express”) + -tus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spīritus",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritūs",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrituum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrituī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "spīritus<4>"
},
"expansion": "spīritus m (genitive spīritūs); fourth declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "spīritus<4>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "spīrābilis"
},
{
"word": "spīrāculum"
},
{
"word": "spīrāmen"
},
{
"word": "spīrāmentum"
},
{
"word": "spīrātiō"
},
{
"word": "spīrātus"
},
{
"word": "spīritālitās"
},
{
"word": "spīritāliter"
},
{
"word": "spīrituālitās"
},
{
"word": "spīrō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "There are two breathings [in Ancient Greek]: rough and smooth.",
"ref": "1833, Classicorum auctorum e Vaticanicis codicibus editorum tomus V., Rome, page 595:",
"text": "Spīritūs sunt duo dasia et psile.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"air, breath, breathing"
],
"links": [
[
"air",
"air"
],
[
"breath",
"breath"
],
[
"breathing",
"breathing"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "spīrātiō"
},
{
"word": "anima"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-4"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"light breeze"
],
"links": [
[
"light",
"light"
],
[
"breeze",
"breeze"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"spirit, ghost"
],
"links": [
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
],
[
"ghost",
"ghost"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A fool uttereth all his mind: a wise man deferreth, and keepeth it till afterwards. (trans. Douay-Rheims Bible)",
"ref": "405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Proverbs.29.11",
"text": "tōtum spīritum suum prōfert stultus sapiēns differt et reservat in posterum"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mind"
],
"links": [
[
"mind",
"mind"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"energy; courage"
],
"links": [
[
"energy",
"energy"
],
[
"courage",
"courage"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "virtūs"
},
{
"word": "fortitūdō"
},
{
"word": "fīdūcia"
},
{
"word": "animus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-4"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"pride, haughtiness, arrogance"
],
"links": [
[
"pride",
"pride"
],
[
"haughtiness",
"haughtiness"
],
[
"arrogance",
"arrogance"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "superbia"
},
{
"word": "arrogantia"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-4"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspiː.ri.tus/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈs̠piːrɪt̪ʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspi.ri.tus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈspiːrit̪us]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "spiritus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for spiritus meaning in All languages combined (20.3kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: in sense 2",
"path": [
"spiritus"
],
"section": "Dutch",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "spiritus",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.