See spiritus asper on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for spiritus asper meaning in All languages combined (5.4kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "spīritus asper",
"lit": "rough breath"
},
"expansion": "Latin spīritus asper (literally “rough breath”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin spīritus asper (literally “rough breath”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spiritus aspers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"nolinkhead": "1"
},
"expansion": "spiritus asper (plural spiritus aspers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Orthography",
"orig": "en:Orthography",
"parents": [
"Writing",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The spiritus asper mark looks like an opening single quote, as in the word εὑρίσκω (heurískõ), the word εὕρηκα (heúrēka), or the word ἕξις (héxis, \"habit\")."
},
{
"ref": "1836 May, “System of Orthography for Chinese words”, in The Chinese Repository, volume V, number I, page 27",
"text": "h, as an aspirate, is very frequent in Chinese ; it is generally a stronger aspirate than in English : in the dialects of the south it is often changed into f, in the north into s, or sh. To mark an aspirate after a consonant, we use the Greek spiritus asper in preference to h.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A diacritic mark ( ʻ ) in Ancient Greek used to indicate aspiration of an initial vowel or rho; also used for a similar sound in the Wade–Giles system of romanization for Mandarin Chinese."
],
"id": "en-spiritus_asper-en-noun-jnGpLfy6",
"links": [
[
"orthography",
"orthography"
],
[
"diacritic",
"diacritic"
],
[
"ʻ",
"ʻ"
],
[
"Ancient Greek",
"Ancient Greek"
],
[
"aspiration",
"aspiration"
],
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
],
[
"rho",
"rho"
],
[
"Wade–Giles",
"Wade–Giles"
],
[
"Mandarin Chinese",
"Mandarin Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(orthography) A diacritic mark ( ʻ ) in Ancient Greek used to indicate aspiration of an initial vowel or rho; also used for a similar sound in the Wade–Giles system of romanization for Mandarin Chinese."
],
"related": [
{
"alt": "examples from the Wade–Giles romanization system",
"word": "Citations:ʻ"
},
{
"word": "spiritus lenis"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rough breathing"
},
{
"word": "dasia"
},
{
"word": "dasy pneuma"
}
],
"topics": [
"communications",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"orthography",
"publishing",
"writing"
],
"wikipedia": [
"en:spiritus asper"
]
}
],
"word": "spiritus asper"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "spīritus",
"3": "",
"4": "breath, breathing"
},
"expansion": "spīritus (“breath, breathing”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "asper",
"3": "",
"4": "rough, harsh"
},
"expansion": "asper (“rough, harsh”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From spīritus (“breath, breathing”) + asper (“rough, harsh”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spīritus asper",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritūs asperī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritus asper",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritūs asperī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritūs asperī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrituum asperōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrituī asperō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritibus asperīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritum asperum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritūs asperōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritū asperō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritibus asperīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritus asper",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritūs asperī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "spīritus<4> asper<+>"
},
"expansion": "spīritus asper m (genitive spīritūs asperī); fourth declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "spīritus<4> asper<+>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spiritus asper"
],
"id": "en-spiritus_asper-la-noun-Yk6EtBMD",
"links": [
[
"spiritus asper",
"#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspiː.ri.tus ˈas.per/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈs̠piːrɪt̪ʊs̠ ˈäs̠pɛr]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspi.ri.tus ˈas.per/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈspiːrit̪us ˈäsper]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "spiritus asper"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "spīritus asper",
"lit": "rough breath"
},
"expansion": "Latin spīritus asper (literally “rough breath”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin spīritus asper (literally “rough breath”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spiritus aspers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"nolinkhead": "1"
},
"expansion": "spiritus asper (plural spiritus aspers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"alt": "examples from the Wade–Giles romanization system",
"word": "Citations:ʻ"
},
{
"word": "spiritus lenis"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English multiword terms",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Orthography"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The spiritus asper mark looks like an opening single quote, as in the word εὑρίσκω (heurískõ), the word εὕρηκα (heúrēka), or the word ἕξις (héxis, \"habit\")."
},
{
"ref": "1836 May, “System of Orthography for Chinese words”, in The Chinese Repository, volume V, number I, page 27",
"text": "h, as an aspirate, is very frequent in Chinese ; it is generally a stronger aspirate than in English : in the dialects of the south it is often changed into f, in the north into s, or sh. To mark an aspirate after a consonant, we use the Greek spiritus asper in preference to h.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A diacritic mark ( ʻ ) in Ancient Greek used to indicate aspiration of an initial vowel or rho; also used for a similar sound in the Wade–Giles system of romanization for Mandarin Chinese."
],
"links": [
[
"orthography",
"orthography"
],
[
"diacritic",
"diacritic"
],
[
"ʻ",
"ʻ"
],
[
"Ancient Greek",
"Ancient Greek"
],
[
"aspiration",
"aspiration"
],
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
],
[
"rho",
"rho"
],
[
"Wade–Giles",
"Wade–Giles"
],
[
"Mandarin Chinese",
"Mandarin Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(orthography) A diacritic mark ( ʻ ) in Ancient Greek used to indicate aspiration of an initial vowel or rho; also used for a similar sound in the Wade–Giles system of romanization for Mandarin Chinese."
],
"topics": [
"communications",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"orthography",
"publishing",
"writing"
],
"wikipedia": [
"en:spiritus asper"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rough breathing"
},
{
"word": "dasia"
},
{
"word": "dasy pneuma"
}
],
"word": "spiritus asper"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "spīritus",
"3": "",
"4": "breath, breathing"
},
"expansion": "spīritus (“breath, breathing”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "asper",
"3": "",
"4": "rough, harsh"
},
"expansion": "asper (“rough, harsh”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From spīritus (“breath, breathing”) + asper (“rough, harsh”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spīritus asper",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritūs asperī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritus asper",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritūs asperī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritūs asperī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrituum asperōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrituī asperō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritibus asperīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritum asperum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritūs asperōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritū asperō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritibus asperīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritus asper",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spīritūs asperī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "spīritus<4> asper<+>"
},
"expansion": "spīritus asper m (genitive spīritūs asperī); fourth declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "spīritus<4> asper<+>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin fourth declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension",
"Latin multiword terms",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin nouns with red links in their inflection tables",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"spiritus asper"
],
"links": [
[
"spiritus asper",
"#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspiː.ri.tus ˈas.per/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈs̠piːrɪt̪ʊs̠ ˈäs̠pɛr]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspi.ri.tus ˈas.per/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈspiːrit̪us ˈäsper]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "spiritus asper"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (ae36afe and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.