"r." meaning in All languages combined

See r. on Wiktionary

Adjective [English]

Etymology: Abbreviations. Head templates: {{head|en|adjective}} r.
  1. Abbreviation of rare. Tags: abbreviation, alt-of Alternative form of: rare
    Sense id: en-r.-en-adj-KgBEjRov
  2. Abbreviation of royal. Tags: abbreviation, alt-of Alternative form of: royal
    Sense id: en-r.-en-adj-Y514WCpb
  3. Abbreviation of right. Tags: abbreviation, alt-of Alternative form of: right
    Sense id: en-r.-en-adj-GYr9SUKf
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Noun [English]

Forms: rs. [plural]
Etymology: Abbreviations. Head templates: {{en-noun|rs.}} r. (plural rs.)
  1. (law) Abbreviation of rule. Tags: abbreviation, alt-of Alternative form of: rule Categories (topical): Law
    Sense id: en-r.-en-noun-EkgAvLyJ Topics: law
  2. Abbreviation of ruble. Tags: abbreviation, alt-of Alternative form of: ruble
    Sense id: en-r.-en-noun-q6SOV4ni
  3. Abbreviation of river. Tags: abbreviation, alt-of Alternative form of: river
    Sense id: en-r.-en-noun-ZOUGQmmh
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Verb [English]

Etymology: Originally from Latin r., abbreviating Latin rēgnāvit (“[he/she/it] ruled”), the third-person singular perfect active indicative of rēgnāre (“to rule, to reign”). Now often parsed as an abbreviation of English ruled or reigned. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|la|r.}} Latin r., {{der|en|la|rēgnāvit||􂀿he/she/it􂁀 ruled}} Latin rēgnāvit (“[he/she/it] ruled”), {{m|la|rēgnō|rēgnāre|to rule, to reign}} rēgnāre (“to rule, to reign”), {{m|en|ruled}} ruled, {{m|en|reigned}} reigned Head templates: {{head|en|verb}} r.
  1. Ruled, reigned, used to show that provided dates are the period of a ruler's authority rather than their birth and death.
    Sense id: en-r.-en-verb-ALbXmqlM Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with language name categories using raw markup Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 17 7 7 8 6 6 48 Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 16 7 7 8 6 6 50
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Adverb [German]

Head templates: {{head|de|adverb||||am {{{2}}}|head=|sort=}} r., {{de-adv}} r.
  1. Abbreviation of rechts. Tags: abbreviation, alt-of Alternative form of: rechts
    Sense id: en-r.-de-adv-KljDKNdu Categories (other): German entries with incorrect language header

Verb [Latin]

Head templates: {{head|la|verb}} r.
  1. Abbreviation of rēgnāvit, he/she/it ruled, designating a date shows a ruler's period in authority rather than their birth and death Tags: abbreviation, alt-of Alternative form of: rēgnāvit, he/she/it ruled, designating a date shows a ruler's period in authority rather than their birth and death
    Sense id: en-r.-la-verb-q8MtLLLo Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 50 50
  2. Abbreviation of recipe, you must take, showing an instruction to take certain medicine according to the following instructions Tags: abbreviation, alt-of Alternative form of: recipe, you must take, showing an instruction to take certain medicine according to the following instructions Synonyms (recipe): , Rx
    Sense id: en-r.-la-verb-pfnv0vB7 Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 50 50 Disambiguation of 'recipe': 1 99

Noun [Lithuanian]

Head templates: {{head|lt|noun}} r.
  1. Abbreviation of rajonas (“raion”). Tags: abbreviation, alt-of Alternative form of: rajonas (extra: raion)
    Sense id: en-r.-lt-noun-4KZsSvJC Categories (other): Lithuanian entries with incorrect language header

Noun [Polish]

IPA: /rɔk/
Rhymes: -ɔk Head templates: {{pl-noun|m-in}} r. m inan
  1. Abbreviation of rok (“year”): yr Tags: abbreviation, alt-of, inanimate, masculine Alternative form of: rok (extra: (“year”): yr) Related terms: mies. (english: month), tydz. (english: week), godz. (english: hour), sek. (english: second)
    Sense id: en-r.-pl-noun-Cg3f6bri

Noun [Polish]

IPA: /ˈrɔ.d͡zaj/
Rhymes: -ɔd͡zaj Head templates: {{pl-noun|m-in}} r. m inan
  1. Abbreviation of rodzaj (“grammatical gender, genus, kind”): g. Tags: abbreviation, alt-of, inanimate, masculine Alternative form of: rodzaj (extra: (“grammatical gender, genus, kind”): g) Synonyms: rodz.
    Sense id: en-r.-pl-noun-RoZQRtFN Categories (other): Polish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 29 71

Noun [Serbo-Croatian]

Forms: р. [Cyrillic]
Head templates: {{head|sh|abbreviation|Cyrillic spelling|р.}} r. (Cyrillic spelling р.)
  1. Abbreviation of razred (“class”). Tags: abbreviation, alt-of Alternative form of: razred (extra: class)
    Sense id: en-r.-sh-noun-k1sq9ybz Categories (other): Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header

Verb [Translingual]

Etymology: Short for Latin recipe (“take”, imperative). Etymology templates: {{der|mul|la|recipe||take|pos=imperative}} Latin recipe (“take”, imperative) Head templates: {{head|mul|verb}} r.
  1. (medicine) Alternative form of ℞, take, showing an instruction to take certain medicine according to the following instructions Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: , take, showing an instruction to take certain medicine according to the following instructions Categories (topical): Medicine
    Sense id: en-r.-mul-verb-8x9fIZHA Categories (other): Translingual entries with incorrect language header Topics: medicine, sciences

Download JSON data for r. meaning in All languages combined (10.9kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mul",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "recipe",
        "4": "",
        "5": "take",
        "pos": "imperative"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin recipe (“take”, imperative)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Short for Latin recipe (“take”, imperative).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mul",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "r.",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Translingual",
  "lang_code": "mul",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "℞"
        },
        {
          "word": "take"
        },
        {
          "word": "showing an instruction to take certain medicine according to the following instructions"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "mul",
          "name": "Medicine",
          "orig": "mul:Medicine",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of ℞, take, showing an instruction to take certain medicine according to the following instructions"
      ],
      "id": "en-r.-mul-verb-8x9fIZHA",
      "links": [
        [
          "medicine",
          "medicine"
        ],
        [
          "℞",
          "℞#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "take",
          "take"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(medicine) Alternative form of ℞, take, showing an instruction to take certain medicine according to the following instructions"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "r."
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "r."
      },
      "expansion": "Latin r.",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "rēgnāvit",
        "4": "",
        "5": "􂀿he/she/it􂁀 ruled"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin rēgnāvit (“[he/she/it] ruled”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "rēgnō",
        "3": "rēgnāre",
        "4": "to rule, to reign"
      },
      "expansion": "rēgnāre (“to rule, to reign”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ruled"
      },
      "expansion": "ruled",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "reigned"
      },
      "expansion": "reigned",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Originally from Latin r., abbreviating Latin rēgnāvit (“[he/she/it] ruled”), the third-person singular perfect active indicative of rēgnāre (“to rule, to reign”). Now often parsed as an abbreviation of English ruled or reigned.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "r.",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 7 7 8 6 6 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 7 7 8 6 6 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Byzantine emperor Manuel I Komnenos (r. 1143–1180)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Ruled, reigned, used to show that provided dates are the period of a ruler's authority rather than their birth and death."
      ],
      "id": "en-r.-en-verb-ALbXmqlM",
      "links": [
        [
          "Ruled",
          "ruled"
        ],
        [
          "reigned",
          "reigned"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "r."
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "Abbreviations.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "r.",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "rare"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of rare."
      ],
      "id": "en-r.-en-adj-KgBEjRov",
      "links": [
        [
          "rare",
          "rare#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "royal"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.\nMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society — ISO 4 abbreviated title",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of royal."
      ],
      "id": "en-r.-en-adj-Y514WCpb",
      "links": [
        [
          "royal",
          "royal#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "right"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "r. com. car. a. ― right common carotid artery",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of right."
      ],
      "id": "en-r.-en-adj-GYr9SUKf",
      "links": [
        [
          "right",
          "right#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "r."
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "Abbreviations.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "rs.",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "rs."
      },
      "expansion": "r. (plural rs.)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "rule"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Law",
          "orig": "en:Law",
          "parents": [
            "Justice",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of rule."
      ],
      "id": "en-r.-en-noun-EkgAvLyJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ],
        [
          "rule",
          "rule#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(law) Abbreviation of rule."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "law"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "ruble"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of ruble."
      ],
      "id": "en-r.-en-noun-q6SOV4ni",
      "links": [
        [
          "ruble",
          "ruble#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "river"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1868, “Russia: Introduction”, in Handbook for Travellers in Russia, Poland, and Finland, 2nd edition, London: John Murray, page 45",
          "text": "The paper-money in circulation is inconvertible, but has a forced currency. The notes represent 100 rubles; 50 rs., 25 rs., 10 rs., 5 rs., 3 rs., and 1 ruble, and are plainly stamped with their value.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of river."
      ],
      "id": "en-r.-en-noun-ZOUGQmmh",
      "links": [
        [
          "river",
          "river#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "r."
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "adverb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "am {{{2}}}",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "r.",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "r.",
      "name": "de-adv"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "rechts"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of rechts."
      ],
      "id": "en-r.-de-adv-KljDKNdu",
      "links": [
        [
          "rechts",
          "rechts#German"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "r."
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "r."
          },
          "expansion": "English: r.",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: r."
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "r.",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "rēgnāvit"
        },
        {
          "word": "he/she/it ruled"
        },
        {
          "word": "designating a date shows a ruler's period in authority rather than their birth and death"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of rēgnāvit, he/she/it ruled, designating a date shows a ruler's period in authority rather than their birth and death"
      ],
      "id": "en-r.-la-verb-q8MtLLLo",
      "links": [
        [
          "rēgnāvit",
          "regnavit#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "recipe"
        },
        {
          "word": "you must take"
        },
        {
          "word": "showing an instruction to take certain medicine according to the following instructions"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of recipe, you must take, showing an instruction to take certain medicine according to the following instructions"
      ],
      "id": "en-r.-la-verb-pfnv0vB7",
      "links": [
        [
          "recipe",
          "recipe#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "sense": "recipe",
          "word": "℞"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "sense": "recipe",
          "word": "Rx"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "r."
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "r.",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Lithuanian",
  "lang_code": "lt",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "raion",
          "word": "rajonas"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Lithuanian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of rajonas (“raion”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-r.-lt-noun-4KZsSvJC",
      "links": [
        [
          "rajonas",
          "rajonas#Lithuanian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "r."
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-in"
      },
      "expansion": "r. m inan",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(“year”): yr",
          "word": "rok"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The Treaty of Verdun took place in 843.",
          "text": "Traktat w Verdun miał miejsce w 843 r.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of rok (“year”): yr"
      ],
      "id": "en-r.-pl-noun-Cg3f6bri",
      "links": [
        [
          "rok",
          "rok#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "yr",
          "yr"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "english": "month",
          "word": "mies."
        },
        {
          "english": "week",
          "word": "tydz."
        },
        {
          "english": "hour",
          "word": "godz."
        },
        {
          "english": "second",
          "word": "sek."
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/rɔk/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔk"
    }
  ],
  "word": "r."
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-in"
      },
      "expansion": "r. m inan",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(“grammatical gender, genus, kind”): g",
          "word": "rodzaj"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "29 71",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "Polskie słowo „łąka“ jest r. żeń. (rodzaju żeńskiego)",
          "text": "The Polish word “łąka” is of fem. g.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of rodzaj (“grammatical gender, genus, kind”): g."
      ],
      "id": "en-r.-pl-noun-RoZQRtFN",
      "links": [
        [
          "rodzaj",
          "rodzaj#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "g.",
          "g."
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "rodz."
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈrɔ.d͡zaj/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔd͡zaj"
    }
  ],
  "word": "r."
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "р.",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "abbreviation",
        "3": "Cyrillic spelling",
        "4": "р."
      },
      "expansion": "r. (Cyrillic spelling р.)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
  "lang_code": "sh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "class",
          "word": "razred"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of razred (“class”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-r.-sh-noun-k1sq9ybz",
      "links": [
        [
          "razred",
          "razred#Serbo-Croatian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "r."
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English case citation abbreviations",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English terms borrowed from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms spelled with .",
    "English verbs",
    "English words without vowels"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "r."
      },
      "expansion": "Latin r.",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "rēgnāvit",
        "4": "",
        "5": "􂀿he/she/it􂁀 ruled"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin rēgnāvit (“[he/she/it] ruled”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "rēgnō",
        "3": "rēgnāre",
        "4": "to rule, to reign"
      },
      "expansion": "rēgnāre (“to rule, to reign”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ruled"
      },
      "expansion": "ruled",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "reigned"
      },
      "expansion": "reigned",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Originally from Latin r., abbreviating Latin rēgnāvit (“[he/she/it] ruled”), the third-person singular perfect active indicative of rēgnāre (“to rule, to reign”). Now often parsed as an abbreviation of English ruled or reigned.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "r.",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Byzantine emperor Manuel I Komnenos (r. 1143–1180)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Ruled, reigned, used to show that provided dates are the period of a ruler's authority rather than their birth and death."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Ruled",
          "ruled"
        ],
        [
          "reigned",
          "reigned"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "r."
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English case citation abbreviations",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English terms spelled with .",
    "English words without vowels"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "Abbreviations.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "r.",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "rare"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English abbreviations"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of rare."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rare",
          "rare#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "royal"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English abbreviations",
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.\nMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society — ISO 4 abbreviated title",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of royal."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "royal",
          "royal#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "right"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English abbreviations",
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "r. com. car. a. ― right common carotid artery",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of right."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "right",
          "right#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "r."
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English case citation abbreviations",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English terms spelled with .",
    "English words without vowels"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "Abbreviations.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "rs.",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "rs."
      },
      "expansion": "r. (plural rs.)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "rule"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English abbreviations",
        "en:Law"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of rule."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ],
        [
          "rule",
          "rule#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(law) Abbreviation of rule."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "law"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "ruble"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English abbreviations"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of ruble."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ruble",
          "ruble#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "river"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English abbreviations",
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1868, “Russia: Introduction”, in Handbook for Travellers in Russia, Poland, and Finland, 2nd edition, London: John Murray, page 45",
          "text": "The paper-money in circulation is inconvertible, but has a forced currency. The notes represent 100 rubles; 50 rs., 25 rs., 10 rs., 5 rs., 3 rs., and 1 ruble, and are plainly stamped with their value.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of river."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "river",
          "river#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "r."
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "adverb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "am {{{2}}}",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "r.",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "r.",
      "name": "de-adv"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "rechts"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "German abbreviations",
        "German adverbs",
        "German entries with incorrect language header",
        "German lemmas",
        "German terms spelled with ."
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of rechts."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rechts",
          "rechts#German"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "r."
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin terms spelled with .",
    "Latin verbs"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "r."
          },
          "expansion": "English: r.",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: r."
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "r.",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "rēgnāvit"
        },
        {
          "word": "he/she/it ruled"
        },
        {
          "word": "designating a date shows a ruler's period in authority rather than their birth and death"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Latin abbreviations"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of rēgnāvit, he/she/it ruled, designating a date shows a ruler's period in authority rather than their birth and death"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rēgnāvit",
          "regnavit#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "recipe"
        },
        {
          "word": "you must take"
        },
        {
          "word": "showing an instruction to take certain medicine according to the following instructions"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Latin abbreviations"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of recipe, you must take, showing an instruction to take certain medicine according to the following instructions"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "recipe",
          "recipe#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "recipe",
      "word": "℞"
    },
    {
      "sense": "recipe",
      "word": "Rx"
    }
  ],
  "word": "r."
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "r.",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Lithuanian",
  "lang_code": "lt",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "raion",
          "word": "rajonas"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Lithuanian abbreviations",
        "Lithuanian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Lithuanian lemmas",
        "Lithuanian nouns",
        "Lithuanian terms spelled with ."
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of rajonas (“raion”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rajonas",
          "rajonas#Lithuanian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "r."
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Polish 1-syllable words",
    "Polish 2-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish inanimate nouns",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish masculine nouns",
    "Polish nouns",
    "Polish terms spelled with .",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio links",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɔd͡zaj",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɔk"
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-in"
      },
      "expansion": "r. m inan",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "month",
      "word": "mies."
    },
    {
      "english": "week",
      "word": "tydz."
    },
    {
      "english": "hour",
      "word": "godz."
    },
    {
      "english": "second",
      "word": "sek."
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(“year”): yr",
          "word": "rok"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Polish abbreviations",
        "Polish terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The Treaty of Verdun took place in 843.",
          "text": "Traktat w Verdun miał miejsce w 843 r.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of rok (“year”): yr"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rok",
          "rok#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "yr",
          "yr"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/rɔk/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔk"
    }
  ],
  "word": "r."
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Polish 2-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish inanimate nouns",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish masculine nouns",
    "Polish nouns",
    "Polish terms spelled with .",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɔd͡zaj"
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-in"
      },
      "expansion": "r. m inan",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(“grammatical gender, genus, kind”): g",
          "word": "rodzaj"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Polish abbreviations",
        "Polish terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "Polskie słowo „łąka“ jest r. żeń. (rodzaju żeńskiego)",
          "text": "The Polish word “łąka” is of fem. g.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of rodzaj (“grammatical gender, genus, kind”): g."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rodzaj",
          "rodzaj#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "g.",
          "g."
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "rodz."
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈrɔ.d͡zaj/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔd͡zaj"
    }
  ],
  "word": "r."
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "р.",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "abbreviation",
        "3": "Cyrillic spelling",
        "4": "р."
      },
      "expansion": "r. (Cyrillic spelling р.)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
  "lang_code": "sh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "class",
          "word": "razred"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Serbo-Croatian abbreviations",
        "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
        "Serbo-Croatian terms spelled with ."
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Abbreviation of razred (“class”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "razred",
          "razred#Serbo-Croatian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "r."
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mul",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "recipe",
        "4": "",
        "5": "take",
        "pos": "imperative"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin recipe (“take”, imperative)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Short for Latin recipe (“take”, imperative).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mul",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "r.",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Translingual",
  "lang_code": "mul",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "℞"
        },
        {
          "word": "take"
        },
        {
          "word": "showing an instruction to take certain medicine according to the following instructions"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
        "Translingual lemmas",
        "Translingual terms derived from Latin",
        "Translingual terms spelled with .",
        "Translingual verbs",
        "mul:Medicine"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of ℞, take, showing an instruction to take certain medicine according to the following instructions"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "medicine",
          "medicine"
        ],
        [
          "℞",
          "℞#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "take",
          "take"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(medicine) Alternative form of ℞, take, showing an instruction to take certain medicine according to the following instructions"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "r."
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.