See punctum on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for punctum meaning in All languages combined (18.1kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "lacrimal punctum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "punctum caecum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "punctum delens"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "punctum proximum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "punctum remotum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "punctum saliens"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "punctum stans"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "punctum vasculosum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "punctum vegetationis"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pūnctum"
},
"expansion": "Latin pūnctum",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "point",
"3": "punto"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of point and punto",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin pūnctum. Doublet of point and punto.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "punctums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puncta",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "puncta"
},
"expansion": "punctum (plural punctums or puncta)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "punctal"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "en:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "69 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1861, The Annals and Magazine of Natural History: Zoology, Botany, and Geology",
"text": "Thus, from what has been stated, we see that neither the white puncta nor the minute white branchwork of lines were ever tubular.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sharp tip of any part of the anatomy; a point or other small area."
],
"id": "en-punctum-en-noun-Z3HPNQSF",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"point",
"point"
],
[
"area",
"area"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) A sharp tip of any part of the anatomy; a point or other small area."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Music",
"orig": "en:Music",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Sound",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"Society",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A neume representing a single tone."
],
"id": "en-punctum-en-noun-Jq-kWxjE",
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"neume",
"neume"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) A neume representing a single tone."
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
}
],
"word": "punctum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Coined in 1980 by French literary theorist Roland Barthes in his book Camera Lucida.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "punctums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puncta",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "puncta"
},
"expansion": "punctum (plural punctums or puncta)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Photography",
"orig": "en:Photography",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Human activity",
"Media",
"Culture",
"Human behaviour",
"Communication",
"Society",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2007, Photography theory, page 87",
"text": "[…]the punctum is something that is seen by the viewer, without it being shown to them by the photographer. As such, it functions, according to Fried, as an “ontological guarantee” (553) of a given photograph’s nontheatricality.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A detail in a photograph that captures the viewer's attention and evokes an emotional response or personal connection beyond the intended subject."
],
"id": "en-punctum-en-noun-qAgJ~gtx",
"links": [
[
"photography",
"photography"
],
[
"detail",
"detail"
],
[
"photograph",
"photograph"
],
[
"emotional",
"emotional"
],
[
"connection",
"connection"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(photography) A detail in a photograph that captures the viewer's attention and evokes an emotional response or personal connection beyond the intended subject."
],
"topics": [
"arts",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"photography"
]
}
],
"word": "punctum"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "punctums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "punctum m (plural punctums)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"field of vision"
],
"id": "en-punctum-fr-noun-O0kvTqwQ",
"links": [
[
"field of vision",
"field of vision"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-punctum.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/62/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-punctum.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-punctum.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/62/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-punctum.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-punctum.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "punctum"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "la:Time",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "puntu"
},
"expansion": "puntu",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: puntu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "punt"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: punt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: punt"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "punkt"
},
"expansion": "Danish: punkt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: punkt"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "punktum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: punktum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: punktum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "punt",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: punt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: punt"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "punctum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: punctum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: punctum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "pont"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: pont",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: pont"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "punto"
},
"expansion": "Galician: punto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: punto"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Punkt"
},
"expansion": "German: Punkt",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Punktum",
"bor": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Punktum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Punkt, → Punktum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "punkto",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: punkto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: punkto"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "punkt",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian: punkt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian: punkt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "pont",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: pont",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: pont"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "pont",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: pont",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: pont"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ponc"
},
"expansion": "Irish: ponc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: ponc"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "punto"
},
"expansion": "Italian: punto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: punto"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "punto",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: punto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: punto"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "punct",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Low German: punct",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Low German: punct"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "punkt",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: punkt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: punkt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "punktr",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Norse: punktr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Norse: punktr"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "punkt"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: punkt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: punkt"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "punktr"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: punktr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: punktr"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "punktum"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: punktum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: punktum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "ponch"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: ponch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: ponch"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "punkt",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Czech: punkt (learned)\nCzech: punkt",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Czech: punkt (learned)\nCzech: punkt"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "point"
},
"expansion": "Old French: point",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: point"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "point",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: point",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: point"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "point"
},
"expansion": "English: point, p'int\n→ Cantonese: point\n→ Indonesian: poin\n→ Japanese: ポイント (pointo)\n→ Korean: 포인트 (pointeu)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "English: point, p'int\n→ Cantonese: point\n→ Indonesian: poin\n→ Japanese: ポイント (pointo)\n→ Korean: 포인트 (pointeu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "poinct"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: poinct",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: poinct"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "point"
},
"expansion": "French: point",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: point"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "point",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: point",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: point"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "punt",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: punt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: punt"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "poeng",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: poeng",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: poeng"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "pointa",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: pointa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: pointa"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "poäng",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: poäng",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: poäng"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "puan",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkish: puan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkish: puan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "point"
},
"expansion": "Norman: point",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norman: point"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "ponto"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: ponto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: ponto"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "punkt",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: punkt (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: punkt (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "punct",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: punct",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: punct"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "пункт"
},
"expansion": "Russian: пункт (punkt)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: пункт (punkt)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "puntu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: puntu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: puntu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "punto"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: punto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: punto"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "punto",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tagalog: punto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tagalog: punto"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "punkt"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: punkt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: punkt"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "ponto"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: ponto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: ponto"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "pwnc",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: pwnc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: pwnc"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "pwyth",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: pwyth",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: pwyth"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pūnctus"
},
"expansion": "pūnctus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pungō",
"3": "",
"4": "to prick, puncture"
},
"expansion": "pungō (“to prick, puncture”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Neuter form of pūnctus, the perfect passive participle of pungō (“to prick, puncture”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pūnctum",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "pūnctī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pūnctum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pūncta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pūnctī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pūnctōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pūnctō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pūnctīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pūnctum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pūncta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pūnctō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pūnctīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pūnctum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pūncta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pūnctum<2>"
},
"expansion": "pūnctum n (genitive pūnctī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pūnctum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Grammar",
"orig": "la:Grammar",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Mathematics",
"orig": "la:Mathematics",
"parents": [
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "31 24 6 11 17 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1858 [1712], Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, edited by Carl Immanuel Gerhardt and Georg Heinrich Pertz, Gesammelte Werke: Leibnizens mathematische Schriften [Collected Works: Leibniz's Mathematical Writings], volume 5, \"In Euclidis πρῶτα\" [About the first things of Euclid], page 183",
"roman": "Having a position must be added. Otherwise, both an instant of time and a Soul would be a point. Let there be a locus ̄X; if anything is already in the locus ̄X, let it be X. X will be said to be a point, such as A.",
"text": "I. Pūnctum est cujus pars nūlla est.\nAddendum est, situm habēns. Aliōquī et temporis īnstāns, et Anima pūnctum foret. Sit locus #x5C;bar#x7B;X#x7D;; sī jam quicquid est in locō #x5C;bar#x7B;X#x7D;, sit X, dīcētur X esse pūnctum, quāle A.\n1. A point is that of which there is no part.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"point"
],
"id": "en-punctum-la-noun-JR~s1ZLl",
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"point",
"point"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(also grammar, mathematics) point"
],
"tags": [
"also",
"declension-2"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"puncture"
],
"id": "en-punctum-la-noun--be1vqSL",
"links": [
[
"puncture",
"puncture"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"moment"
],
"id": "en-punctum-la-noun-chECB7ZJ",
"links": [
[
"moment",
"moment"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"small portion"
],
"id": "en-punctum-la-noun-LEeWuMq~",
"links": [
[
"portion",
"portion"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"an affirmative vote, suffrage, ballot"
],
"id": "en-punctum-la-noun-KFaK6EYv",
"links": [
[
"vote",
"vote"
],
[
"suffrage",
"suffrage"
],
[
"ballot",
"ballot"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Poetry",
"orig": "la:Poetry",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Literature",
"Culture",
"Entertainment",
"Writing",
"Society",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Communication",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "31 8 1 5 6 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 8 2 5 8 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"applause, approbation"
],
"id": "en-punctum-la-noun-DxryPCQY",
"links": [
[
"poetry",
"poetry"
],
[
"applause",
"applause"
],
[
"approbation",
"approbation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetry) applause, approbation"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
],
"topics": [
"communications",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"poetry",
"publishing",
"writing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpunk.tum/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpʊŋkt̪ʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpunk.tum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpuŋkt̪um]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pūnctus"
}
],
"word": "punctum"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"la:Time"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "lacrimal punctum"
},
{
"word": "punctum caecum"
},
{
"word": "punctum delens"
},
{
"word": "punctum proximum"
},
{
"word": "punctum remotum"
},
{
"word": "punctum saliens"
},
{
"word": "punctum stans"
},
{
"word": "punctum vasculosum"
},
{
"word": "punctum vegetationis"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pūnctum"
},
"expansion": "Latin pūnctum",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "point",
"3": "punto"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of point and punto",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin pūnctum. Doublet of point and punto.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "punctums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puncta",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "puncta"
},
"expansion": "punctum (plural punctums or puncta)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "punctal"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Anatomy"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1861, The Annals and Magazine of Natural History: Zoology, Botany, and Geology",
"text": "Thus, from what has been stated, we see that neither the white puncta nor the minute white branchwork of lines were ever tubular.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sharp tip of any part of the anatomy; a point or other small area."
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"point",
"point"
],
[
"area",
"area"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) A sharp tip of any part of the anatomy; a point or other small area."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Music"
],
"glosses": [
"A neume representing a single tone."
],
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"neume",
"neume"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) A neume representing a single tone."
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
}
],
"word": "punctum"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"la:Time"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Coined in 1980 by French literary theorist Roland Barthes in his book Camera Lucida.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "punctums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puncta",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "puncta"
},
"expansion": "punctum (plural punctums or puncta)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Photography"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2007, Photography theory, page 87",
"text": "[…]the punctum is something that is seen by the viewer, without it being shown to them by the photographer. As such, it functions, according to Fried, as an “ontological guarantee” (553) of a given photograph’s nontheatricality.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A detail in a photograph that captures the viewer's attention and evokes an emotional response or personal connection beyond the intended subject."
],
"links": [
[
"photography",
"photography"
],
[
"detail",
"detail"
],
[
"photograph",
"photograph"
],
[
"emotional",
"emotional"
],
[
"connection",
"connection"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(photography) A detail in a photograph that captures the viewer's attention and evokes an emotional response or personal connection beyond the intended subject."
],
"topics": [
"arts",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"photography"
]
}
],
"word": "punctum"
}
{
"categories": [
"la:Time"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "punctums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "punctum m (plural punctums)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms with audio links"
],
"glosses": [
"field of vision"
],
"links": [
[
"field of vision",
"field of vision"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-punctum.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/62/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-punctum.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-punctum.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/62/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-punctum.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-punctum.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "punctum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"la:Time"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "puntu"
},
"expansion": "puntu",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: puntu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "punt"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: punt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: punt"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "punkt"
},
"expansion": "Danish: punkt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: punkt"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "punktum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: punktum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: punktum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "punt",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: punt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: punt"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "punctum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: punctum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: punctum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "pont"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: pont",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: pont"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "punto"
},
"expansion": "Galician: punto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: punto"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Punkt"
},
"expansion": "German: Punkt",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Punktum",
"bor": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Punktum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Punkt, → Punktum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "punkto",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: punkto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: punkto"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "punkt",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian: punkt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian: punkt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "pont",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: pont",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: pont"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "pont",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: pont",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: pont"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ponc"
},
"expansion": "Irish: ponc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: ponc"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "punto"
},
"expansion": "Italian: punto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: punto"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "punto",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: punto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: punto"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "punct",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Low German: punct",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Low German: punct"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "punkt",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: punkt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: punkt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "punktr",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Norse: punktr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Norse: punktr"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "punkt"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: punkt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: punkt"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "punktr"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: punktr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: punktr"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "punktum"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: punktum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: punktum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "ponch"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: ponch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: ponch"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "punkt",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Czech: punkt (learned)\nCzech: punkt",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Czech: punkt (learned)\nCzech: punkt"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "point"
},
"expansion": "Old French: point",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: point"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "point",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: point",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: point"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "point"
},
"expansion": "English: point, p'int\n→ Cantonese: point\n→ Indonesian: poin\n→ Japanese: ポイント (pointo)\n→ Korean: 포인트 (pointeu)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "English: point, p'int\n→ Cantonese: point\n→ Indonesian: poin\n→ Japanese: ポイント (pointo)\n→ Korean: 포인트 (pointeu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "poinct"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: poinct",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: poinct"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "point"
},
"expansion": "French: point",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: point"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "point",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: point",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: point"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "punt",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: punt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: punt"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "poeng",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: poeng",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: poeng"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "pointa",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: pointa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: pointa"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "poäng",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: poäng",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: poäng"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "puan",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkish: puan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkish: puan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "point"
},
"expansion": "Norman: point",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norman: point"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "ponto"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: ponto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: ponto"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "punkt",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: punkt (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: punkt (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "punct",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: punct",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: punct"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "пункт"
},
"expansion": "Russian: пункт (punkt)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: пункт (punkt)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "puntu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: puntu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: puntu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "punto"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: punto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: punto"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "punto",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tagalog: punto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tagalog: punto"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "punkt"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: punkt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: punkt"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "ponto"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: ponto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: ponto"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "pwnc",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: pwnc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: pwnc"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "pwyth",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: pwyth",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: pwyth"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pūnctus"
},
"expansion": "pūnctus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pungō",
"3": "",
"4": "to prick, puncture"
},
"expansion": "pungō (“to prick, puncture”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Neuter form of pūnctus, the perfect passive participle of pungō (“to prick, puncture”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pūnctum",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "pūnctī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pūnctum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pūncta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pūnctī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pūnctōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pūnctō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pūnctīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pūnctum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pūncta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pūnctō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pūnctīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pūnctum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pūncta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pūnctum<2>"
},
"expansion": "pūnctum n (genitive pūnctī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pūnctum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations",
"la:Grammar",
"la:Mathematics"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1858 [1712], Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, edited by Carl Immanuel Gerhardt and Georg Heinrich Pertz, Gesammelte Werke: Leibnizens mathematische Schriften [Collected Works: Leibniz's Mathematical Writings], volume 5, \"In Euclidis πρῶτα\" [About the first things of Euclid], page 183",
"roman": "Having a position must be added. Otherwise, both an instant of time and a Soul would be a point. Let there be a locus ̄X; if anything is already in the locus ̄X, let it be X. X will be said to be a point, such as A.",
"text": "I. Pūnctum est cujus pars nūlla est.\nAddendum est, situm habēns. Aliōquī et temporis īnstāns, et Anima pūnctum foret. Sit locus #x5C;bar#x7B;X#x7D;; sī jam quicquid est in locō #x5C;bar#x7B;X#x7D;, sit X, dīcētur X esse pūnctum, quāle A.\n1. A point is that of which there is no part.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"point"
],
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"point",
"point"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(also grammar, mathematics) point"
],
"tags": [
"also",
"declension-2"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"puncture"
],
"links": [
[
"puncture",
"puncture"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"moment"
],
"links": [
[
"moment",
"moment"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"small portion"
],
"links": [
[
"portion",
"portion"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"an affirmative vote, suffrage, ballot"
],
"links": [
[
"vote",
"vote"
],
[
"suffrage",
"suffrage"
],
[
"ballot",
"ballot"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"la:Poetry"
],
"glosses": [
"applause, approbation"
],
"links": [
[
"poetry",
"poetry"
],
[
"applause",
"applause"
],
[
"approbation",
"approbation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetry) applause, approbation"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
],
"topics": [
"communications",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"poetry",
"publishing",
"writing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpunk.tum/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpʊŋkt̪ʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpunk.tum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpuŋkt̪um]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pūnctus"
}
],
"word": "punctum"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.