"piła" meaning in All languages combined

See piła on Wiktionary

Noun [Lower Sorbian]

IPA: /ˈpʲiwa/
Etymology: From Proto-Slavic *pila, a borrowing from Old High German fila. See modern German Feile. Cognate with Upper Sorbian piła, Polish piła, Czech pila, Serbo-Croatian píla, and Russian пила́ (pilá). Etymology templates: {{l|dsb||piła}} piła, {{inh|dsb|sla-pro|*pila}} Proto-Slavic *pila, {{der|dsb|goh|fila}} Old High German fila, {{cog|de|Feile}} German Feile, {{cog|hsb|piła}} Upper Sorbian piła, {{cog|pl|piła}} Polish piła, {{cog|cs|pila}} Czech pila, {{cog|sh|píla}} Serbo-Croatian píla, {{cog|ru|пила́}} Russian пила́ (pilá) Head templates: {{dsb-noun|f-in|dim=piłka}} piła f inan (diminutive piłka) Inflection templates: {{dsb-decl-noun-2|pi|ł}} Forms: piłka [diminutive], no-table-tags [table-tags], piła [nominative, singular], pile [dual, nominative], piły [nominative, plural], piły [genitive, singular], piłowu [dual, genitive], piłow [genitive, plural], pile [dative, singular], piłoma [dative, dual], piłam [dative, plural], piłu [accusative, singular], pile [accusative, dual], piły [accusative, plural], piłu [instrumental, singular], piłoma [dual, instrumental], piłami [instrumental, plural], pile [locative, singular], piłoma [dual, locative], piłach [locative, plural]
  1. saw (tool) Tags: feminine, inanimate Categories (topical): Tools
    Sense id: en-piła-dsb-noun-I2m2EhSf Disambiguation of Tools: 59 41
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Verb [Lower Sorbian]

IPA: /ˈpʲiwa/
Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Etymology templates: {{nonlemma}} See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Head templates: {{head|dsb|participle form}} piła
  1. feminine singular of pił Tags: feminine, form-of, participle, singular Form of: pił
    Sense id: en-piła-dsb-verb-1r4pwM7G Categories (other): Lower Sorbian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Lower Sorbian entries with incorrect language header: 10 90
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Noun [Polish]

IPA: /ˈpi.wa/
Rhymes: -iwa Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pila. Compare German Feile. Etymology templates: {{dercat|pl|gmw-pro|gem-pro}}, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|pl|sla-pro|*pila|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Proto-Slavic *pila, {{inh+|pl|sla-pro|*pila}} Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pila, {{cog|de|Feile}} German Feile Head templates: {{pl-noun|f|dim=piłka}} piła f (diminutive piłka) Inflection templates: {{pl-decl-noun-f}} Forms: piłka [diminutive], no-table-tags [table-tags], piła [nominative, singular], piły [nominative, plural], piły [genitive, singular], pił [genitive, plural], pile [dative, singular], piłom [dative, plural], piłę [accusative, singular], piły [accusative, plural], piłą [instrumental, singular], piłami [instrumental, plural], pile [locative, singular], piłach [locative, plural], piło [singular, vocative], piły [plural, vocative]
  1. saw, file (tool with a toothed blade used for cutting hard substances, in particular wood or metal) Tags: feminine Categories (topical): Sports equipment, Tools
    Sense id: en-piła-pl-noun-tcAQGOuN Disambiguation of Sports equipment: 55 9 8 29 Disambiguation of Tools: 52 7 7 33 Categories (other): Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 43 37 3 17 Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 50 44 6 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant alt parameters: 49 47 4 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant wikilinks: 49 47 4
  2. sawfish (any ray of the family Pristidae) Tags: feminine Categories (lifeform): Rays and skates Synonyms: ryba piła
    Sense id: en-piła-pl-noun-CnOk1hRL Disambiguation of Rays and skates: 27 37 17 19 Categories (other): Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 43 37 3 17 Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 50 44 6 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant alt parameters: 49 47 4 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant wikilinks: 49 47 4
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: opiłek, pilarz, pilnik, piłować [imperfective]
Etymology number: 1

Noun [Polish]

IPA: /ˈpi.wa/
Rhymes: -iwa Etymology: Back-formation from piłka. Etymology templates: {{bf|pl|piłka}} Back-formation from piłka Head templates: {{pl-noun|f}} piła f Inflection templates: {{pl-decl-noun-f}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], piła [nominative, singular], piły [nominative, plural], piły [genitive, singular], pił [genitive, plural], pile [dative, singular], piłom [dative, plural], piłę [accusative, singular], piły [accusative, plural], piłą [instrumental, singular], piłami [instrumental, plural], pile [locative, singular], piłach [locative, plural], piło [singular, vocative], piły [plural, vocative]
  1. (colloquial) Augmentative of piłka Tags: augmentative, colloquial, feminine, form-of Form of: piłka
    Sense id: en-piła-pl-noun-9j9t3mOV Categories (other): Polish back-formations
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Verb [Polish]

IPA: /ˈpi.wa/
Rhymes: -iwa Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Etymology templates: {{nonlemma}} See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Head templates: {{head|pl|verb form}} piła
  1. third-person singular feminine past of pić Tags: feminine, form-of, past, singular, third-person Form of: pić
    Sense id: en-piła-pl-verb-J1DULMF4 Categories (other): Polish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 43 37 3 17
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for piła meaning in All languages combined (12.3kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dsb",
        "2": "",
        "3": "piła"
      },
      "expansion": "piła",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dsb",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*pila"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pila",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dsb",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "fila"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German fila",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Feile"
      },
      "expansion": "German Feile",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hsb",
        "2": "piła"
      },
      "expansion": "Upper Sorbian piła",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "piła"
      },
      "expansion": "Polish piła",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "pila"
      },
      "expansion": "Czech pila",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "píla"
      },
      "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian píla",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "пила́"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian пила́ (pilá)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *pila, a borrowing from Old High German fila. See modern German Feile.\nCognate with Upper Sorbian piła, Polish piła, Czech pila, Serbo-Croatian píla, and Russian пила́ (pilá).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "piłka",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dsb-decl-noun-2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piła",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pile",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłowu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłow",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pile",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłoma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pile",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłoma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pile",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłoma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f-in",
        "dim": "piłka"
      },
      "expansion": "piła f inan (diminutive piłka)",
      "name": "dsb-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pi",
        "2": "ł"
      },
      "name": "dsb-decl-noun-2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Lower Sorbian",
  "lang_code": "dsb",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "59 41",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "dsb",
          "name": "Tools",
          "orig": "dsb:Tools",
          "parents": [
            "Technology",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "saw (tool)"
      ],
      "id": "en-piła-dsb-noun-I2m2EhSf",
      "links": [
        [
          "saw",
          "saw"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "inanimate"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpʲiwa/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "piła"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dsb",
        "2": "participle form"
      },
      "expansion": "piła",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Lower Sorbian",
  "lang_code": "dsb",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 90",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Lower Sorbian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "pił"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "feminine singular of pił"
      ],
      "id": "en-piła-dsb-verb-1r4pwM7G",
      "links": [
        [
          "pił",
          "pił#Lower Sorbian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpʲiwa/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "piła"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "opiłek"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "pilarz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "pilnik"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "piłować"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "gem-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*pila",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pila",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*pila"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pila",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Feile"
      },
      "expansion": "German Feile",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pila. Compare German Feile.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "piłka",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piła",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pił",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pile",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłę",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłą",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pile",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piło",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "dim": "piłka"
      },
      "expansion": "piła f (diminutive piłka)",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pi‧ła"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "43 37 3 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 44 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 47 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 47 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "55 9 8 29",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Sports equipment",
          "orig": "pl:Sports equipment",
          "parents": [
            "Exercise equipment",
            "Sports",
            "Tools",
            "Exercise",
            "Human activity",
            "Technology",
            "Human behaviour",
            "All topics",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "52 7 7 33",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Tools",
          "orig": "pl:Tools",
          "parents": [
            "Technology",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "saw, file (tool with a toothed blade used for cutting hard substances, in particular wood or metal)"
      ],
      "id": "en-piła-pl-noun-tcAQGOuN",
      "links": [
        [
          "saw",
          "saw"
        ],
        [
          "file",
          "file"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "43 37 3 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 44 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 47 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 47 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 37 17 19",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Rays and skates",
          "orig": "pl:Rays and skates",
          "parents": [
            "Fish",
            "Vertebrates",
            "Chordates",
            "Animals",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sawfish (any ray of the family Pristidae)"
      ],
      "id": "en-piła-pl-noun-CnOk1hRL",
      "links": [
        [
          "sawfish",
          "sawfish"
        ],
        [
          "Pristidae",
          "Pristidae#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ryba piła"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpi.wa/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iwa"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Piła"
    }
  ],
  "word": "piła"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "piłka"
      },
      "expansion": "Back-formation from piłka",
      "name": "bf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Back-formation from piłka.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piła",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pił",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pile",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłę",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłą",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pile",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piło",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "piła f",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pi‧ła"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish back-formations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "piłka"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Augmentative of piłka"
      ],
      "id": "en-piła-pl-noun-9j9t3mOV",
      "links": [
        [
          "piłka",
          "piłka#Polish"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial) Augmentative of piłka"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "augmentative",
        "colloquial",
        "feminine",
        "form-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpi.wa/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iwa"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Piła"
    }
  ],
  "word": "piła"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "piła",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pi‧ła"
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "43 37 3 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "pić"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third-person singular feminine past of pić"
      ],
      "id": "en-piła-pl-verb-J1DULMF4",
      "links": [
        [
          "pić",
          "pić#Polish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpi.wa/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iwa"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Piła"
    }
  ],
  "word": "piła"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Lower Sorbian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Lower Sorbian feminine nouns",
    "Lower Sorbian inanimate nouns",
    "Lower Sorbian lemmas",
    "Lower Sorbian non-lemma forms",
    "Lower Sorbian nouns",
    "Lower Sorbian participle forms",
    "Lower Sorbian terms derived from Old High German",
    "Lower Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Lower Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
    "Lower Sorbian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "dsb:Tools",
    "pl:Rays and skates",
    "pl:Sports equipment",
    "pl:Tools"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dsb",
        "2": "",
        "3": "piła"
      },
      "expansion": "piła",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dsb",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*pila"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pila",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dsb",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "fila"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German fila",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Feile"
      },
      "expansion": "German Feile",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hsb",
        "2": "piła"
      },
      "expansion": "Upper Sorbian piła",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "piła"
      },
      "expansion": "Polish piła",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "pila"
      },
      "expansion": "Czech pila",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "píla"
      },
      "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian píla",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "пила́"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian пила́ (pilá)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *pila, a borrowing from Old High German fila. See modern German Feile.\nCognate with Upper Sorbian piła, Polish piła, Czech pila, Serbo-Croatian píla, and Russian пила́ (pilá).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "piłka",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dsb-decl-noun-2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piła",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pile",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłowu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłow",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pile",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłoma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pile",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłoma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pile",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłoma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f-in",
        "dim": "piłka"
      },
      "expansion": "piła f inan (diminutive piłka)",
      "name": "dsb-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pi",
        "2": "ł"
      },
      "name": "dsb-decl-noun-2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Lower Sorbian",
  "lang_code": "dsb",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "saw (tool)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "saw",
          "saw"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "inanimate"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpʲiwa/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "piła"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Lower Sorbian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Lower Sorbian non-lemma forms",
    "Lower Sorbian participle forms",
    "Lower Sorbian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "dsb:Tools",
    "pl:Rays and skates",
    "pl:Sports equipment",
    "pl:Tools"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dsb",
        "2": "participle form"
      },
      "expansion": "piła",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Lower Sorbian",
  "lang_code": "dsb",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "pił"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "feminine singular of pił"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pił",
          "pił#Lower Sorbian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpʲiwa/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "piła"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Polish 2-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish feminine nouns",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish links with manual fragments",
    "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Polish non-lemma forms",
    "Polish nouns",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio links",
    "Polish terms with homophones",
    "Polish verb forms",
    "Rhymes:Polish/iwa",
    "Rhymes:Polish/iwa/2 syllables",
    "pl:Rays and skates",
    "pl:Sports equipment",
    "pl:Tools"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "opiłek"
    },
    {
      "word": "pilarz"
    },
    {
      "word": "pilnik"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "piłować"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "gem-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*pila",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pila",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*pila"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pila",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Feile"
      },
      "expansion": "German Feile",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pila. Compare German Feile.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "piłka",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piła",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pił",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pile",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłę",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłą",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pile",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piło",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "dim": "piłka"
      },
      "expansion": "piła f (diminutive piłka)",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pi‧ła"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "saw, file (tool with a toothed blade used for cutting hard substances, in particular wood or metal)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "saw",
          "saw"
        ],
        [
          "file",
          "file"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "sawfish (any ray of the family Pristidae)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sawfish",
          "sawfish"
        ],
        [
          "Pristidae",
          "Pristidae#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ryba piła"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpi.wa/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iwa"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Piła"
    }
  ],
  "word": "piła"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Polish 2-syllable words",
    "Polish back-formations",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish feminine nouns",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish links with manual fragments",
    "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Polish non-lemma forms",
    "Polish nouns",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio links",
    "Polish terms with homophones",
    "Polish verb forms",
    "Rhymes:Polish/iwa",
    "Rhymes:Polish/iwa/2 syllables",
    "pl:Rays and skates",
    "pl:Sports equipment",
    "pl:Tools"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "piłka"
      },
      "expansion": "Back-formation from piłka",
      "name": "bf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Back-formation from piłka.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piła",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pił",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pile",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłę",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłą",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pile",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piłach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piło",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piły",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "piła f",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pi‧ła"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish augmentative nouns",
        "Polish colloquialisms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "piłka"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Augmentative of piłka"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "piłka",
          "piłka#Polish"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial) Augmentative of piłka"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "augmentative",
        "colloquial",
        "feminine",
        "form-of"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpi.wa/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iwa"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Piła"
    }
  ],
  "word": "piła"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Polish 2-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish non-lemma forms",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio links",
    "Polish terms with homophones",
    "Polish verb forms",
    "Rhymes:Polish/iwa",
    "Rhymes:Polish/iwa/2 syllables",
    "pl:Rays and skates",
    "pl:Sports equipment",
    "pl:Tools"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "piła",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pi‧ła"
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "pić"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third-person singular feminine past of pić"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pić",
          "pić#Polish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpi.wa/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iwa"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Piła"
    }
  ],
  "word": "piła"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.