See perturb on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for perturb meaning in All languages combined (6.4kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "perturbation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "perturbative"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "perturbed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "perturbedly"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "perturben"
},
"expansion": "Middle English perturben",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "perturber"
},
"expansion": "Old French perturber",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "perturbo",
"4": "perturbare",
"5": "throw into confusion, confuse, disorder, disturb"
},
"expansion": "Latin perturbare (“throw into confusion, confuse, disorder, disturb”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "per",
"3": "",
"4": "through"
},
"expansion": "per (“through”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "turbo",
"3": "turbare",
"4": "to confuse, disturb"
},
"expansion": "turbare (“to confuse, disturb”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English perturben, from Old French perturber, from Latin perturbare (“throw into confusion, confuse, disorder, disturb”), from per (“through”) + turbare (“to confuse, disturb”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perturbs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "perturbing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "perturbed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "perturbed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
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"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To disturb; to bother or unsettle."
],
"id": "en-perturb-en-verb-b-VNIZx3",
"links": [
[
"disturb",
"disturb"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "xṙovel",
"sense": "to disturb; to bother or unsettle",
"word": "խռովել"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smuštavam",
"sense": "to disturb; to bother or unsettle",
"word": "смущавам"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dǎrǎo",
"sense": "to disturb; to bother or unsettle",
"word": "打扰"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to disturb; to bother or unsettle",
"word": "verstoren"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1 1",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to disturb; to bother or unsettle",
"word": "perturbar"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to disturb; to bother or unsettle",
"word": "buair"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to disturb; to bother or unsettle",
"word": "forurolige"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to disturb; to bother or unsettle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vekke uro"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to disturb; to bother or unsettle",
"word": "gjøre forstyrret"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to disturb; to bother or unsettle",
"word": "skake (opp)"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to disturb; to bother or unsettle",
"word": "ryste"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 1 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to disturb; to bother or unsettle",
"word": "perturbar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Physics",
"orig": "en:Physics",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To slightly modify the motion of an object."
],
"id": "en-perturb-en-verb-jl~pJX0D",
"links": [
[
"physics",
"physics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(physics) To slightly modify the motion of an object."
],
"topics": [
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Astronomy",
"orig": "en:Astronomy",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"Space",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 20 67 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 26 54 14",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Orbits",
"orig": "en:Orbits",
"parents": [
"Astronautics",
"Curves",
"Gravity",
"Space",
"Applied sciences",
"Shapes",
"Acceleration",
"Astrophysics",
"Mechanics",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"Geometry",
"Physics",
"Astronomy",
"All topics",
"Mathematics",
"Fundamental",
"Formal sciences"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To modify the motion of a body by exerting a gravitational force."
],
"id": "en-perturb-en-verb-2AxeTfgD",
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astronomy) To modify the motion of a body by exerting a gravitational force."
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 20 69 11",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "(astronomy) To modify the motion of a body by exerting a gravitational force",
"word": "perturbar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mathematics",
"orig": "en:Mathematics",
"parents": [
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To modify slightly, such as an equation or value."
],
"id": "en-perturb-en-verb-1d57O~Hv",
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics) To modify slightly, such as an equation or value."
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɚˈtɝb/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)b"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-perturb.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/27/En-us-perturb.ogg/En-us-perturb.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/En-us-perturb.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "perturb"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "perturb",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "perturba"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of perturba"
],
"id": "en-perturb-ro-verb-N61dB9qb",
"links": [
[
"perturba",
"perturba#Romanian"
]
],
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}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[perˈturb]"
}
],
"word": "perturb"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)b",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)b/2 syllables",
"en:Orbits"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "perturbation"
},
{
"word": "perturbative"
},
{
"word": "perturbed"
},
{
"word": "perturbedly"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
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"args": {
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"2": "enm",
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"expansion": "Middle English perturben",
"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "perturbo",
"4": "perturbare",
"5": "throw into confusion, confuse, disorder, disturb"
},
"expansion": "Latin perturbare (“throw into confusion, confuse, disorder, disturb”)",
"name": "der"
},
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"3": "turbare",
"4": "to confuse, disturb"
},
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"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English perturben, from Old French perturber, from Latin perturbare (“throw into confusion, confuse, disorder, disturb”), from per (“through”) + turbare (“to confuse, disturb”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perturbs",
"tags": [
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"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "perturbing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
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{
"form": "perturbed",
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{
"form": "perturbed",
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
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{
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"To disturb; to bother or unsettle."
],
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]
},
{
"categories": [
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],
"glosses": [
"To slightly modify the motion of an object."
],
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],
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"(physics) To slightly modify the motion of an object."
],
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"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Astronomy"
],
"glosses": [
"To modify the motion of a body by exerting a gravitational force."
],
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
]
],
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"(astronomy) To modify the motion of a body by exerting a gravitational force."
],
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"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Mathematics"
],
"glosses": [
"To modify slightly, such as an equation or value."
],
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics) To modify slightly, such as an equation or value."
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
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"tags": [
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{
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{
"audio": "en-us-perturb.ogg",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/En-us-perturb.ogg",
"tags": [
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],
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"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "xṙovel",
"sense": "to disturb; to bother or unsettle",
"word": "խռովել"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smuštavam",
"sense": "to disturb; to bother or unsettle",
"word": "смущавам"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dǎrǎo",
"sense": "to disturb; to bother or unsettle",
"word": "打扰"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to disturb; to bother or unsettle",
"word": "verstoren"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to disturb; to bother or unsettle",
"word": "perturbar"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to disturb; to bother or unsettle",
"word": "buair"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to disturb; to bother or unsettle",
"word": "forurolige"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to disturb; to bother or unsettle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vekke uro"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to disturb; to bother or unsettle",
"word": "gjøre forstyrret"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to disturb; to bother or unsettle",
"word": "skake (opp)"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to disturb; to bother or unsettle",
"word": "ryste"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to disturb; to bother or unsettle",
"word": "perturbar"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "(astronomy) To modify the motion of a body by exerting a gravitational force",
"word": "perturbar"
}
],
"word": "perturb"
}
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"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
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],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[perˈturb]"
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],
"word": "perturb"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.