"perspire" meaning in All languages combined

See perspire on Wiktionary

Verb [English]

IPA: /pəˈspaɪə(ɹ)/ [Received-Pronunciation], /pɚˈspaɪɹ/ [Canada, General-American], /pɚˈspaɪɚ/ [Canada, General-American], /pəˈspɑɪə(ɹ)/ [General-Australian] Audio: en-us-perspire.ogg Forms: perspires [present, singular, third-person], perspiring [participle, present], perspired [participle, past], perspired [past]
Rhymes: -aɪə(ɹ) Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French perspirer and its source Latin perspīrō (“to breathe everywhere, blow constantly”), from per (“through”) + spīrō (“to breathe”); see spirit. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|frm|perspirer}} Middle French perspirer, {{bor|en|la|perspīrō||to breathe everywhere, blow constantly}} Latin perspīrō (“to breathe everywhere, blow constantly”) Head templates: {{en-verb}} perspire (third-person singular simple present perspires, present participle perspiring, simple past and past participle perspired)
  1. (transitive, intransitive) To emit (sweat or perspiration) through the skin's pores. Tags: intransitive, transitive Categories (topical): Bodily fluids Synonyms: sweat
    Sense id: en-perspire-en-verb-CayJytU9 Disambiguation of Bodily fluids: 45 39 16
  2. (intransitive) To be evacuated or excreted, or to exude, through the pores of the skin. Tags: intransitive Categories (topical): Bodily fluids
    Sense id: en-perspire-en-verb--qxVsdym Disambiguation of Bodily fluids: 45 39 16 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 9 77 15 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 10 68 21 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 8 78 14
  3. (transitive, intransitive, rare) To cause (someone) to sweat. Tags: intransitive, rare, transitive Categories (topical): Bodily fluids Synonyms: sweat
    Sense id: en-perspire-en-verb-6A566Trm Disambiguation of Bodily fluids: 45 39 16
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: conspire, inspire, perspiration, respire, transpire

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "perspirer"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French perspirer",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "perspīrō",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to breathe everywhere, blow constantly"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin perspīrō (“to breathe everywhere, blow constantly”)",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle French perspirer and its source Latin perspīrō (“to breathe everywhere, blow constantly”), from per (“through”) + spīrō (“to breathe”); see spirit.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "perspires",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
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    },
    {
      "form": "perspired",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perspired",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
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  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "perspire (third-person singular simple present perspires, present participle perspiring, simple past and past participle perspired)",
      "name": "en-verb"
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  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "conspire"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "inspire"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "perspiration"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "respire"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "transpire"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "45 39 16",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Bodily fluids",
          "orig": "en:Bodily fluids",
          "parents": [
            "Body parts",
            "Liquids",
            "Body",
            "Anatomy",
            "Matter",
            "All topics",
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Chemistry",
            "Nature",
            "Fundamental",
            "Sciences",
            "Healthcare",
            "Health"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "I was perspiring freely after running the marathon.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2010, Susan C. Karant-Nunn, The Reformation of Feeling:",
          "text": "He lists forty reasons, mainly metaphorical, why Christ perspired blood, and his peroration takes twenty-two pages in print.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To emit (sweat or perspiration) through the skin's pores."
      ],
      "id": "en-perspire-en-verb-CayJytU9",
      "links": [
        [
          "transitive",
          "transitive"
        ],
        [
          "intransitive",
          "intransitive"
        ],
        [
          "emit",
          "emit"
        ],
        [
          "sweat",
          "sweat"
        ],
        [
          "perspiration",
          "perspiration"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, intransitive) To emit (sweat or perspiration) through the skin's pores."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sweat"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "9 77 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 68 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 78 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 39 16",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Bodily fluids",
          "orig": "en:Bodily fluids",
          "parents": [
            "Body parts",
            "Liquids",
            "Body",
            "Anatomy",
            "Matter",
            "All topics",
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Chemistry",
            "Nature",
            "Fundamental",
            "Sciences",
            "Healthcare",
            "Health"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "A fluid perspires.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To be evacuated or excreted, or to exude, through the pores of the skin."
      ],
      "id": "en-perspire-en-verb--qxVsdym",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) To be evacuated or excreted, or to exude, through the pores of the skin."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "45 39 16",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Bodily fluids",
          "orig": "en:Bodily fluids",
          "parents": [
            "Body parts",
            "Liquids",
            "Body",
            "Anatomy",
            "Matter",
            "All topics",
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Chemistry",
            "Nature",
            "Fundamental",
            "Sciences",
            "Healthcare",
            "Health"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2001, Salman Rushdie, Fury: A Novel, London: Jonathan Cape, →ISBN, page 3:",
          "text": "Outside his window a long, humid summer, the first hot season of the third millennium, baked and perspired.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2016, Pradip Chauhan, Love Stories, New Delhi: Educreation Publishing, →ISBN, page 48:",
          "text": "We shook hands, he looked surprised to see me topless. I stimulated his mind. ¶ “Nice to meet you. My workout jogging perspired me a lot, so I removed the T-shirt.”",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To cause (someone) to sweat."
      ],
      "id": "en-perspire-en-verb-6A566Trm",
      "links": [
        [
          "transitive",
          "transitive"
        ],
        [
          "intransitive",
          "intransitive"
        ],
        [
          "cause",
          "cause"
        ],
        [
          "sweat",
          "sweat"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, intransitive, rare) To cause (someone) to sweat."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sweat"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "rare",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pəˈspaɪə(ɹ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɚˈspaɪɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɚˈspaɪɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-perspire.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/En-us-perspire.ogg/En-us-perspire.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/En-us-perspire.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pəˈspɑɪə(ɹ)/",
      "tags": [
        "General-Australian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪə(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "perspire"
}
{
  "categories": [
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    "English lemmas",
    "English terms borrowed from Latin",
    "English terms borrowed from Middle French",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle French",
    "English verbs",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪə(ɹ)",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪə(ɹ)/2 syllables",
    "en:Bodily fluids"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "perspirer"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French perspirer",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "perspīrō",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to breathe everywhere, blow constantly"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin perspīrō (“to breathe everywhere, blow constantly”)",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle French perspirer and its source Latin perspīrō (“to breathe everywhere, blow constantly”), from per (“through”) + spīrō (“to breathe”); see spirit.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "perspires",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perspired",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perspired",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
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  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
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  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
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      "word": "conspire"
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      "word": "inspire"
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      "word": "perspiration"
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      "word": "respire"
    },
    {
      "word": "transpire"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English intransitive verbs",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "English transitive verbs",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "I was perspiring freely after running the marathon.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2010, Susan C. Karant-Nunn, The Reformation of Feeling:",
          "text": "He lists forty reasons, mainly metaphorical, why Christ perspired blood, and his peroration takes twenty-two pages in print.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To emit (sweat or perspiration) through the skin's pores."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "transitive",
          "transitive"
        ],
        [
          "intransitive",
          "intransitive"
        ],
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        ],
        [
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          "sweat"
        ],
        [
          "perspiration",
          "perspiration"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, intransitive) To emit (sweat or perspiration) through the skin's pores."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sweat"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "transitive"
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      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "A fluid perspires.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To be evacuated or excreted, or to exude, through the pores of the skin."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) To be evacuated or excreted, or to exude, through the pores of the skin."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English intransitive verbs",
        "English terms with quotations",
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        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
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        {
          "ref": "2001, Salman Rushdie, Fury: A Novel, London: Jonathan Cape, →ISBN, page 3:",
          "text": "Outside his window a long, humid summer, the first hot season of the third millennium, baked and perspired.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2016, Pradip Chauhan, Love Stories, New Delhi: Educreation Publishing, →ISBN, page 48:",
          "text": "We shook hands, he looked surprised to see me topless. I stimulated his mind. ¶ “Nice to meet you. My workout jogging perspired me a lot, so I removed the T-shirt.”",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To cause (someone) to sweat."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "transitive",
          "transitive"
        ],
        [
          "intransitive",
          "intransitive"
        ],
        [
          "cause",
          "cause"
        ],
        [
          "sweat",
          "sweat"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, intransitive, rare) To cause (someone) to sweat."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sweat"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "rare",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pəˈspaɪə(ɹ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɚˈspaɪɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɚˈspaɪɚ/",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-perspire.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/En-us-perspire.ogg/En-us-perspire.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/En-us-perspire.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pəˈspɑɪə(ɹ)/",
      "tags": [
        "General-Australian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪə(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "perspire"
}

Download raw JSONL data for perspire meaning in All languages combined (4.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.