"perspiration" meaning in All languages combined

See perspiration on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: /ˌpɜːspəˈɹeɪʃən/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˌpɝspəˈɹeɪʃən/ [General-American] Audio: en-ca-perspiration.oga [Canada] Forms: perspirations [plural]
Rhymes: -eɪʃən Etymology: Borrowed from late Middle French perspiration, from perspirer (“perspire”), from Latin perspirare (“to blow or breathe constantly”), from per (“through”) + spirare (“to breathe, blow”) Morphologically perspire + -ation Etymology templates: {{bor|en|frm|perspiration}} Middle French perspiration, {{m|fr|perspirer||perspire}} perspirer (“perspire”), {{der|en|la|perspirare||to blow or breathe constantly}} Latin perspirare (“to blow or breathe constantly”), {{m|la|per||through}} per (“through”), {{m|la|spirare||to breathe, blow}} spirare (“to breathe, blow”), {{suffix|en|perspire|ation|nocat=1}} perspire + -ation Head templates: {{en-noun|-|s}} perspiration (usually uncountable, plural perspirations)
  1. The action or process of perspiring. Tags: uncountable, usually Translations (process of perspiring): عَرَق (ʕaraq) [masculine] (Arabic), քրտնում (kʻrtnum) (Armenian), քրտնարտադրություն (kʻrtnartadrutʻyun) (Armenian), тирләү (tirləw) (Bashkir), потене (potene) [neuter] (Bulgarian), изпотяване (izpotjavane) [neuter] (Bulgarian), 流汗 (liúhàn) (Chinese Mandarin), (hàn) (Chinese Mandarin), pocení [neuter] (Czech), perspirace [feminine] (Czech), zweet [neuter] (Dutch), ŝvitado (Esperanto), hikoilu (Finnish), hikoileminen (Finnish), transpiration [feminine] (French), transpiración [feminine] (Galician), Schwitzen [neuter] (German), εφίδρωση (efídrosi) [feminine] (Greek), izzadás (Hungarian), verítékezés (Hungarian), sudore [masculine] (Italian), (ase) (alt: あせ) (Japanese), ញើស (ñəəh) (Khmer), (ttam) (Korean), sudor [masculine] (Latin), хөлс (xöls) (Mongolian), transpirasjon [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), transpirasjon [masculine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), Schweet [masculine] (Plautdietsch), perspiracja [feminine] (Polish), pocenie się [neuter] (Polish), suor [masculine] (Portuguese), transpiração [feminine] (Portuguese), perspiração [feminine] (Portuguese), поте́ние (poténije) [neuter] (Russian), sudor [masculine] (Spanish), svett [neuter] (Swedish), svettning [common-gender] (Swedish), đổ mồ hôi (Vietnamese)
    Sense id: en-perspiration-en-noun-MIqB~wf1 Disambiguation of 'process of perspiring': 92 4 4
  2. (by extension) Hard work. Tags: broadly, uncountable, usually Categories (topical): Bodily fluids
    Sense id: en-perspiration-en-noun-yAgL339N Disambiguation of Bodily fluids: 3 55 42 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 1 63 36 Disambiguation of English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 3 63 35
  3. A saline fluid secreted by the sweat glands; sweat. Tags: uncountable, usually
    Sense id: en-perspiration-en-noun-N3eaWF2U
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: sweat, hidrosis, diaphoresis Derived forms: genius is one percent inspiration, ninety-nine percent perspiration Related terms: perspire, transpiration

Noun [French]

Audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-perspiration.wav Forms: perspirations [plural]
Head templates: {{fr-noun|f}} perspiration f (plural perspirations)
  1. perspiration Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-perspiration-fr-noun-QJMQoBLp Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for perspiration meaning in All languages combined (10.2kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "genius is one percent inspiration, ninety-nine percent perspiration"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "perspiration"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French perspiration",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "perspirer",
        "3": "",
        "4": "perspire"
      },
      "expansion": "perspirer (“perspire”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "perspirare",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to blow or breathe constantly"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin perspirare (“to blow or breathe constantly”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "per",
        "3": "",
        "4": "through"
      },
      "expansion": "per (“through”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "spirare",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to breathe, blow"
      },
      "expansion": "spirare (“to breathe, blow”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "perspire",
        "3": "ation",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "perspire + -ation",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from late Middle French perspiration, from perspirer (“perspire”), from Latin perspirare (“to blow or breathe constantly”), from per (“through”) + spirare (“to breathe, blow”)\nMorphologically perspire + -ation",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "perspirations",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-",
        "2": "s"
      },
      "expansion": "perspiration (usually uncountable, plural perspirations)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "per‧spi‧ra‧tion"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "perspire"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "transpiration"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1627, Francis Bacon, Sylva Sylvarum: or, A Naturall Historie, London: W. Lee, Cent. VII, section 680, page 170",
          "text": "The Cauſe may be Want of Perſpiration : For Much of the Matter of Haire, in the other Parts of the Body, goeth forth by Inſenſible Perſpiration ; And beſides, the Skull being of a more ſolide Subſtance, nouriſheth and aſſimilateth leſſe, and excerneth more."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The action or process of perspiring."
      ],
      "id": "en-perspiration-en-noun-MIqB~wf1",
      "links": [
        [
          "perspiring",
          "perspiring"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ʕaraq",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "عَرَق"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "kʻrtnum",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "word": "քրտնում"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "kʻrtnartadrutʻyun",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "word": "քրտնարտադրություն"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "ba",
          "lang": "Bashkir",
          "roman": "tirləw",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "word": "тирләү"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "potene",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "потене"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "izpotjavane",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "изпотяване"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "liúhàn",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "word": "流汗"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "hàn",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "word": "汗"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "pocení"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "perspirace"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "zweet"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "word": "ŝvitado"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "word": "hikoilu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "word": "hikoileminen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "transpiration"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "transpiración"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Schwitzen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "efídrosi",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "εφίδρωση"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "word": "izzadás"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "word": "verítékezés"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "sudore"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "alt": "あせ",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "ase",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "word": "汗"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "km",
          "lang": "Khmer",
          "roman": "ñəəh",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "word": "ញើស"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "ttam",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "word": "땀"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "sudor"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "mn",
          "lang": "Mongolian",
          "roman": "xöls",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "word": "хөлс"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "transpirasjon"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "transpirasjon"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "pdt",
          "lang": "Plautdietsch",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Schweet"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "perspiracja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "pocenie się"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "suor"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "transpiração"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "perspiração"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "poténije",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "поте́ние"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "sudor"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "svett"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "svettning"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "process of perspiring",
          "word": "đổ mồ hôi"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "1 63 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 63 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 55 42",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Bodily fluids",
          "orig": "en:Bodily fluids",
          "parents": [
            "Body parts",
            "Liquids",
            "Body",
            "Anatomy",
            "Matter",
            "Human",
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Chemistry",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1910, Frank Lewis Dyer, Thomas Commerford Martin, quoting Thomas Edison, Edison: His Life and Inventions, volume II, New York: Harper & Brothers, page 607",
          "text": "Genius is 1 per cent. inspiration and 99 per cent. perspiration.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hard work."
      ],
      "id": "en-perspiration-en-noun-yAgL339N",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension) Hard work."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A saline fluid secreted by the sweat glands; sweat."
      ],
      "id": "en-perspiration-en-noun-N3eaWF2U",
      "links": [
        [
          "saline",
          "saline"
        ],
        [
          "fluid",
          "fluid"
        ],
        [
          "gland",
          "gland"
        ],
        [
          "sweat",
          "sweat"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌpɜːspəˈɹeɪʃən/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌpɝspəˈɹeɪʃən/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eɪʃən"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-ca-perspiration.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/En-ca-perspiration.oga/En-ca-perspiration.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/En-ca-perspiration.oga",
      "tags": [
        "Canada"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (CA)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "sweat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "hidrosis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "diaphoresis"
    }
  ],
  "word": "perspiration"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "perspirations",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "perspiration f (plural perspirations)",
      "name": "fr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "perspiration"
      ],
      "id": "en-perspiration-fr-noun-QJMQoBLp",
      "links": [
        [
          "perspiration",
          "perspiration#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-perspiration.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-perspiration.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-perspiration.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-perspiration.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-perspiration.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "perspiration"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 4-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from Middle French",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle French",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Rhymes:English/eɪʃən",
    "Rhymes:English/eɪʃən/4 syllables",
    "en:Bodily fluids"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "genius is one percent inspiration, ninety-nine percent perspiration"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "perspiration"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French perspiration",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "perspirer",
        "3": "",
        "4": "perspire"
      },
      "expansion": "perspirer (“perspire”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "perspirare",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to blow or breathe constantly"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin perspirare (“to blow or breathe constantly”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "per",
        "3": "",
        "4": "through"
      },
      "expansion": "per (“through”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "spirare",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to breathe, blow"
      },
      "expansion": "spirare (“to breathe, blow”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "perspire",
        "3": "ation",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "perspire + -ation",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from late Middle French perspiration, from perspirer (“perspire”), from Latin perspirare (“to blow or breathe constantly”), from per (“through”) + spirare (“to breathe, blow”)\nMorphologically perspire + -ation",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "perspirations",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-",
        "2": "s"
      },
      "expansion": "perspiration (usually uncountable, plural perspirations)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "per‧spi‧ra‧tion"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "perspire"
    },
    {
      "word": "transpiration"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1627, Francis Bacon, Sylva Sylvarum: or, A Naturall Historie, London: W. Lee, Cent. VII, section 680, page 170",
          "text": "The Cauſe may be Want of Perſpiration : For Much of the Matter of Haire, in the other Parts of the Body, goeth forth by Inſenſible Perſpiration ; And beſides, the Skull being of a more ſolide Subſtance, nouriſheth and aſſimilateth leſſe, and excerneth more."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The action or process of perspiring."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "perspiring",
          "perspiring"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1910, Frank Lewis Dyer, Thomas Commerford Martin, quoting Thomas Edison, Edison: His Life and Inventions, volume II, New York: Harper & Brothers, page 607",
          "text": "Genius is 1 per cent. inspiration and 99 per cent. perspiration.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hard work."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension) Hard work."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A saline fluid secreted by the sweat glands; sweat."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "saline",
          "saline"
        ],
        [
          "fluid",
          "fluid"
        ],
        [
          "gland",
          "gland"
        ],
        [
          "sweat",
          "sweat"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌpɜːspəˈɹeɪʃən/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌpɝspəˈɹeɪʃən/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eɪʃən"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-ca-perspiration.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/En-ca-perspiration.oga/En-ca-perspiration.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/En-ca-perspiration.oga",
      "tags": [
        "Canada"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (CA)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "sweat"
    },
    {
      "word": "hidrosis"
    },
    {
      "word": "diaphoresis"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ʕaraq",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "عَرَق"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "kʻrtnum",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "word": "քրտնում"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "kʻrtnartadrutʻyun",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "word": "քրտնարտադրություն"
    },
    {
      "code": "ba",
      "lang": "Bashkir",
      "roman": "tirləw",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "word": "тирләү"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "potene",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "потене"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "izpotjavane",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "изпотяване"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "liúhàn",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "word": "流汗"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "hàn",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "word": "汗"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "pocení"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "perspirace"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "zweet"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "word": "ŝvitado"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "word": "hikoilu"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "word": "hikoileminen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "transpiration"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "transpiración"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Schwitzen"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "efídrosi",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "εφίδρωση"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "word": "izzadás"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "word": "verítékezés"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sudore"
    },
    {
      "alt": "あせ",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "ase",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "word": "汗"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "ñəəh",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "word": "ញើស"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "ttam",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "word": "땀"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sudor"
    },
    {
      "code": "mn",
      "lang": "Mongolian",
      "roman": "xöls",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "word": "хөлс"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "transpirasjon"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "transpirasjon"
    },
    {
      "code": "pdt",
      "lang": "Plautdietsch",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Schweet"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "perspiracja"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "pocenie się"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "suor"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "transpiração"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "perspiração"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "poténije",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "поте́ние"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sudor"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "svett"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "svettning"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "process of perspiring",
      "word": "đổ mồ hôi"
    }
  ],
  "word": "perspiration"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "perspirations",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "perspiration f (plural perspirations)",
      "name": "fr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French countable nouns",
        "French entries with incorrect language header",
        "French feminine nouns",
        "French lemmas",
        "French nouns",
        "French terms with audio links"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "perspiration"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "perspiration",
          "perspiration#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-perspiration.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-perspiration.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-perspiration.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-perspiration.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-perspiration.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "perspiration"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.