See perk on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "perquisite"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of perquisite",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of perquisite.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "perk (plural perks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Free coffee is one of the perks of the job.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Perquisite."
],
"id": "en-perk-en-noun-tov8kxUg",
"links": [
[
"Perquisite",
"perquisite"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) Perquisite."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "benefici"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīntiē",
"sense": "perquisite",
"word": "津贴"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "perquisite",
"word": "eelis"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "perquisite",
"word": "etu"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avantage"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Vorteil"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Privileg"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Vergünstigung"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Extra"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Dreingabe"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "perquisite",
"word": "juttatás"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "perquisite",
"word": "előny"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "perquisite",
"word": "kiváltság"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "perquisite",
"word": "mellékes"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "perquisite",
"word": "cafeteria"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "perquisite",
"word": "privilegio"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "prédnost",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пре́дност"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "privilégija",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "привиле́гија"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dodatkowa korzyść"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bônus"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "privilégio"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "privilegija",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "привилегия"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "lʹgota",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "льгота"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "preimuščestvo",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "преимущество"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "boniteta"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ventaja"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prebenda"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gaje"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "emolumento"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gratificación"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "obvención"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "perquisite",
"word": "förmån"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Video games",
"orig": "en:Video games",
"parents": [
"Games",
"Mass media",
"Software",
"Recreation",
"Culture",
"Media",
"Computing",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Communication",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
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{
"_dis": "6 94",
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"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
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{
"_dis": "6 94",
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"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
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"_dis": "5 95",
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"_dis": "4 96",
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"_dis": "6 94",
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"_dis": "9 91",
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"_dis": "6 94",
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],
"glosses": [
"A bonus ability that a player character can acquire; a permanent power-up."
],
"id": "en-perk-en-noun-UVGeandm",
"links": [
[
"video game",
"video game"
],
[
"bonus",
"bonus"
],
[
"ability",
"ability"
],
[
"permanent",
"permanent"
],
[
"power-up",
"power-up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(video games) A bonus ability that a player character can acquire; a permanent power-up."
],
"topics": [
"video-games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɝk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɜːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-perk.wav",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)k"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"uncommon"
],
"word": "perq"
}
],
"word": "perk"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unperked"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "percolate"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of percolate",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of percolate (verb) and percolator (noun).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "perking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "perked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "perked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {},
"expansion": "perk (third-person singular simple present perks, present participle perking, simple past and past participle perked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I’ll perk some coffee.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make (coffee) in a percolator or a drip coffeemaker."
],
"id": "en-perk-en-verb-UoKk-SUV",
"links": [
[
"coffee",
"coffee"
],
[
"percolator",
"percolator"
],
[
"drip coffeemaker",
"drip coffeemaker"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, informal) To make (coffee) in a percolator or a drip coffeemaker."
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"transitive"
]
},
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"examples": [
{
"text": "The coffee is perking.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1996, Sherry Lewis, This Montana Home, Harlequin Books, page 288:",
"text": "While the coffee perked, she flipped idly through a gardening magazine and scanned an article on the war against aphids.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of coffee: to be produced by heated water seeping (“percolating”) through coffee grounds."
],
"id": "en-perk-en-verb-4zlS~ctg",
"links": [
[
"percolating",
"percolating"
],
[
"coffee grounds",
"coffee grounds"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, informal) Of coffee: to be produced by heated water seeping (“percolating”) through coffee grounds."
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɝk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɜːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
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"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)k"
}
],
"word": "perk"
}
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"etymology_text": "Clipping of percolate (verb) and percolator (noun).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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"A percolator, particularly of coffee."
],
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"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)k"
}
],
"word": "perk"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unperked"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "perk one's ears"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "perk up"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "perky"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "unperk"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
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"expansion": "uncertain",
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{
"form": "perks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "perking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "perked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "perked",
"tags": [
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}
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{
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"expansion": "perk (third-person singular simple present perks, present participle perking, simple past and past participle perked)",
"name": "en-verb"
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1785, William Cowper, The Task, London: J. Johnson, Book 6, p. 247:",
"text": "[the squirrel] whisks his brush\nAnd perks his ears, and stamps and scolds aloud",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1924, James Oliver Curwood, chapter 4, in A Gentleman of Courage, Toronto: Copp Clark:",
"text": "The blue jay was having a fit, and the sapsucker perked his bright-eyed little head at him not more than a dozen feet away.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make trim or smart; to straighten up; to erect; to make a jaunty or saucy display of."
],
"id": "en-perk-en-verb-l-YfCr1r",
"links": [
[
"trim",
"trim"
],
[
"smart",
"smart"
],
[
"straighten",
"straighten"
],
[
"erect",
"erect"
],
[
"jaunty",
"jaunty"
],
[
"saucy",
"saucy"
],
[
"display",
"display"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make trim or smart; to straighten up; to erect; to make a jaunty or saucy display of."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1640, John Gower, transl., Ovid’s Festivalls, Cambridge, Book 4, April, p. 77:",
"text": "The heads of plants above the crack’d ground perk:",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1753, Samuel Richardson, The History of Sir Charles Grandison, London, Volume 1, Letter 22, p. 159:",
"text": "A white Paris net sort of cap, glittering with spangles, and incircled by a chaplet of artificial flowers, with a little white feather perking from the left ear, is to be my head-dress.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1842, Robert Browning, “The Pied Piper of Hamelin” in Lyrics of Life, Boston: Ticknor & Fields, 1866, pp. 35-36, lines 152-153,\n[…] suddenly up the face\nOf the Piper perked in the market-place,"
},
{
"text": "1937 Robert Byron, The Road to Oxiana, London: Macmillan, Part 4, “Kavar,” p. 159,\nA strong warm wind carried a sound of chopping with it and a rustle of dead plane-leaves; through those leaves perked the green crooks of young ferns."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To appear from below or behind something, emerge, pop up, poke out."
],
"id": "en-perk-en-verb-cqUyJ-RD",
"links": [
[
"appear",
"appear"
],
[
"emerge",
"emerge"
],
[
"pop up",
"pop up"
],
[
"poke out",
"poke out"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To appear from below or behind something, emerge, pop up, poke out."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
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"examples": [
{
"text": "1574, Arthur Golding (translator), Sermons of Master John Calvin, upon the Booke of Job, London: Lucas Harison and George Byshop, Sermon 38, The first upon the tenth Chapter,\nFor whereof commeth thys hypocrisie in the popedome, that men shall preache free will, merits, and satisfactions, and set vp their bristles in suche wise, and beare themselues in hande that they may come perking before God, yea and preace thither lyke shamelesse strumpets."
},
{
"ref": "1683, Isaac Barrow, A Treatise of the Pope’s Supremacy, London: Brabazon Aylmer, Supposition 5, page 140:",
"text": "[…] our Lord had never any such design, to set up a sort of men in such distance above their brethren; to perk over them, and suck them of their goods by tricks […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To exalt oneself; to bear oneself loftily."
],
"id": "en-perk-en-verb-i8TZ19OX",
"links": [
[
"exalt",
"exalt"
],
[
"loftily",
"lofty"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) To exalt oneself; to bear oneself loftily."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɝk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɜːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-perk.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)k"
}
],
"word": "perk"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Origin uncertain.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more perk",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most perk",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "perk (comparative more perk, superlative most perk)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 1 24 1 1 20 3 2 19 8 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 1 23 2 1 17 3 3 17 8 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 1 24 2 1 20 2 2 19 8 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1579, Edmund Spenser, “Februarie”, in The Shepheardes Calender, London: Hugh Singleton:",
"text": "My ragged rontes all shiver and shake,\nAs doen high Towers in an earthquake:\nThey wont in the wind wagge their wrigle tailes,\nPerke as Peacock: but nowe it auales.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1640, John Gower, transl., Ovid’s Festivalls, Cambridge, Book 4, April, p. 96:",
"text": "All, joy’d at th’ omen, their foundation laid:\nAnd in short time a perk new wall is made.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Smart; trim; spruce; jaunty; vain."
],
"id": "en-perk-en-adj-7gbdt5tm",
"links": [
[
"Smart",
"smart"
],
[
"trim",
"trim"
],
[
"spruce",
"spruce"
],
[
"jaunty",
"jaunty"
],
[
"vain",
"vain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Smart; trim; spruce; jaunty; vain."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɝk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɜːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-perk.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)k"
}
],
"word": "perk"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "-k",
"pos2": "frequentative ending"
},
"expansion": "+ -k (frequentative ending)",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The origin is uncertain. Perhaps a variant of peer + -k (frequentative ending).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "perking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "perked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "perked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "perk (third-person singular simple present perks, present participle perking, simple past and past participle perked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "71 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -k",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1835, Charles Dickens, “The Election for Beadle”, in Sketches by Boz, 3rd edition, volume 1, London: John Macrone, published 1837, page 32:",
"text": "He is a tall, thin, bony man, with an interrogative nose, and little restless perking eyes, which appear to have been given him for the sole purpose of peeping into other people’s affairs with.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To peer; to look narrowly, sharply, or inquisitively."
],
"id": "en-perk-en-verb-lH3deOrN",
"links": [
[
"peer",
"peer"
],
[
"look",
"look"
],
[
"narrowly",
"narrowly"
],
[
"sharply",
"sharply"
],
[
"inquisitive",
"inquisitive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) To peer; to look narrowly, sharply, or inquisitively."
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To examine thoroughly."
],
"id": "en-perk-en-verb-quFuh-TX",
"links": [
[
"examine",
"examine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) To examine thoroughly."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɝk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɜːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-perk.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)k"
}
],
"word": "perk"
}
{
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "perken"
},
"expansion": "Middle English perken",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro-nor",
"3": "perquer"
},
"expansion": "Old Northern French perquer",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English perken, from Old Northern French perquer.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "perking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "perked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "perked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "perk (third-person singular simple present perks, present participle perking, simple past and past participle perked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1503–1512, John Skelton, Ware the Hauke; republished in John Scattergood, editor, John Skelton: The Complete English Poems, 1983, →OCLC, page 63, lines 66–70:",
"text": "His seconde hawke wexyd gery\nAnd was with flyenge wery.\nShe had flowyn so oft,\nThat on the rode loft\nShe perkyd her to rest.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1591, Robert Greene, Greenes Farewell to Folly, London: T. Gubbin & T. Newman:",
"text": "Then sir, let me say, that Mineruas owle was proude, for perking vnder [h]ir golden target […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1633, Francis Quarles, “On the Infancie of our Saviour”, in Divine Fancies Digested into Epigrammes, Meditations, and Observations, London: John Marriot, page 3:",
"text": "O! what a ravishment ’thad beene, to see\nThy little Saviour perking on thy Knee!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1779, Samuel Jackson Pratt, chapter 24, in Shenstone-Green: or, the New Paradise Lost, volume 1, London: R. Baldwin, pages 205–206:",
"text": "With respect to walking, it is the favourite exercise of my life; I sometimes divert myself with objects on the road, which, my being on a level with them, offers to observation; and yet, which, had I been perked up beyond my natural height on the back of a horse, would have been all overlooked.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1814, Leigh Hunt, The Descent of Liberty, a Mask, London: Printed for Gale, Curtis, and Fenner, […], published 1815, →OCLC, scene III, page 64:",
"text": "Laugh out in the loose green jerkin / That’s fit for a goddess to work in, / With shoulders brown, / And the wheaten crown / About thy temples perking.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To perch."
],
"id": "en-perk-en-verb-vy11oajP",
"links": [
[
"perch",
"perch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To perch."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɝk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɜːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-perk.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)k"
}
],
"word": "perk"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "perc"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch perc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "perk"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch perk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*parrik"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *parrik",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*parrukaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *parrukaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Pferch"
},
"expansion": "German Pferch",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch perc, from Old Dutch perk (attested in placenames), from Frankish *parrik, from Proto-Germanic *parrukaz. Compare also park and German Pferch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perken",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "perkje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-en",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "perk n (plural perken, diminutive perkje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bloemperk"
},
{
"word": "grasperk"
},
{
"word": "krijgsperk"
},
{
"word": "oorlogsperk"
},
{
"word": "paal en perk stellen"
},
{
"word": "perkenwet"
},
{
"word": "rozenperk"
},
{
"word": "speelperk"
},
{
"word": "strijdperk"
},
{
"word": "tijdperk"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a delimited piece of ground, e.g. a flowerbed"
],
"id": "en-perk-nl-noun-MIvlw4mf",
"links": [
[
"flowerbed",
"flowerbed"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɛrk/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-perk.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c0/Nl-perk.ogg/Nl-perk.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Nl-perk.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrk"
}
],
"word": "perk"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "bloemperk"
},
{
"word": "grasperk"
},
{
"word": "krijgsperk"
},
{
"word": "oorlogsperk"
},
{
"word": "paal en perk stellen"
},
{
"word": "perkenwet"
},
{
"word": "rozenperk"
},
{
"word": "speelperk"
},
{
"word": "strijdperk"
},
{
"word": "tijdperk"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "perc"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch perc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "perk"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch perk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*parrik"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *parrik",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*parrukaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *parrukaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Pferch"
},
"expansion": "German Pferch",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch perc, from Old Dutch perk (attested in placenames), from Frankish *parrik, from Proto-Germanic *parrukaz. Compare also park and German Pferch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perken",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "perkje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-en",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "perk n (plural perken, diminutive perkje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch neuter nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms derived from Frankish",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Frankish",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɛrk",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɛrk/1 syllable"
],
"glosses": [
"a delimited piece of ground, e.g. a flowerbed"
],
"links": [
[
"flowerbed",
"flowerbed"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɛrk/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-perk.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c0/Nl-perk.ogg/Nl-perk.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Nl-perk.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrk"
}
],
"word": "perk"
}
{
"categories": [
"English clippings",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Northern French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)k",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)k/1 syllable",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "perquisite"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of perquisite",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of perquisite.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "perk (plural perks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Free coffee is one of the perks of the job.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Perquisite."
],
"links": [
[
"Perquisite",
"perquisite"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) Perquisite."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Video games"
],
"glosses": [
"A bonus ability that a player character can acquire; a permanent power-up."
],
"links": [
[
"video game",
"video game"
],
[
"bonus",
"bonus"
],
[
"ability",
"ability"
],
[
"permanent",
"permanent"
],
[
"power-up",
"power-up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(video games) A bonus ability that a player character can acquire; a permanent power-up."
],
"topics": [
"video-games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɝk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɜːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-perk.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)k"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"uncommon"
],
"word": "perq"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "benefici"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīntiē",
"sense": "perquisite",
"word": "津贴"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "perquisite",
"word": "eelis"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "perquisite",
"word": "etu"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avantage"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Vorteil"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Privileg"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Vergünstigung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Extra"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Dreingabe"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "perquisite",
"word": "juttatás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "perquisite",
"word": "előny"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "perquisite",
"word": "kiváltság"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "perquisite",
"word": "mellékes"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "perquisite",
"word": "cafeteria"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "perquisite",
"word": "privilegio"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "prédnost",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пре́дност"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "privilégija",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "привиле́гија"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dodatkowa korzyść"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bônus"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "privilégio"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "privilegija",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "привилегия"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "lʹgota",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "льгота"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "preimuščestvo",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "преимущество"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "boniteta"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ventaja"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prebenda"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gaje"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "emolumento"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gratificación"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "perquisite",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "obvención"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "perquisite",
"word": "förmån"
}
],
"word": "perk"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Northern French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)k",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)k/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "unperked"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "percolate"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of percolate",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of percolate (verb) and percolator (noun).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "perking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "perked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "perked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {},
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I’ll perk some coffee.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make (coffee) in a percolator or a drip coffeemaker."
],
"links": [
[
"coffee",
"coffee"
],
[
"percolator",
"percolator"
],
[
"drip coffeemaker",
"drip coffeemaker"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, informal) To make (coffee) in a percolator or a drip coffeemaker."
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The coffee is perking.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1996, Sherry Lewis, This Montana Home, Harlequin Books, page 288:",
"text": "While the coffee perked, she flipped idly through a gardening magazine and scanned an article on the war against aphids.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of coffee: to be produced by heated water seeping (“percolating”) through coffee grounds."
],
"links": [
[
"percolating",
"percolating"
],
[
"coffee grounds",
"coffee grounds"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, informal) Of coffee: to be produced by heated water seeping (“percolating”) through coffee grounds."
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɝk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɜːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
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{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)k"
}
],
"word": "perk"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Northern French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
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"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)k/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "percolate"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of percolate",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of percolate (verb) and percolator (noun).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "perk (plural perks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A percolator, particularly of coffee."
],
"links": [
[
"percolator",
"percolator"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɝk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɜːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)k"
}
],
"word": "perk"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Northern French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)k",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)k/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "perk one's ears"
},
{
"word": "perk up"
},
{
"word": "perky"
},
{
"word": "unperk"
},
{
"word": "unperked"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Origin uncertain.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "perking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "perked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "perked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {},
"expansion": "perk (third-person singular simple present perks, present participle perking, simple past and past participle perked)",
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1785, William Cowper, The Task, London: J. Johnson, Book 6, p. 247:",
"text": "[the squirrel] whisks his brush\nAnd perks his ears, and stamps and scolds aloud",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1924, James Oliver Curwood, chapter 4, in A Gentleman of Courage, Toronto: Copp Clark:",
"text": "The blue jay was having a fit, and the sapsucker perked his bright-eyed little head at him not more than a dozen feet away.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make trim or smart; to straighten up; to erect; to make a jaunty or saucy display of."
],
"links": [
[
"trim",
"trim"
],
[
"smart",
"smart"
],
[
"straighten",
"straighten"
],
[
"erect",
"erect"
],
[
"jaunty",
"jaunty"
],
[
"saucy",
"saucy"
],
[
"display",
"display"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make trim or smart; to straighten up; to erect; to make a jaunty or saucy display of."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1640, John Gower, transl., Ovid’s Festivalls, Cambridge, Book 4, April, p. 77:",
"text": "The heads of plants above the crack’d ground perk:",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1753, Samuel Richardson, The History of Sir Charles Grandison, London, Volume 1, Letter 22, p. 159:",
"text": "A white Paris net sort of cap, glittering with spangles, and incircled by a chaplet of artificial flowers, with a little white feather perking from the left ear, is to be my head-dress.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1842, Robert Browning, “The Pied Piper of Hamelin” in Lyrics of Life, Boston: Ticknor & Fields, 1866, pp. 35-36, lines 152-153,\n[…] suddenly up the face\nOf the Piper perked in the market-place,"
},
{
"text": "1937 Robert Byron, The Road to Oxiana, London: Macmillan, Part 4, “Kavar,” p. 159,\nA strong warm wind carried a sound of chopping with it and a rustle of dead plane-leaves; through those leaves perked the green crooks of young ferns."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To appear from below or behind something, emerge, pop up, poke out."
],
"links": [
[
"appear",
"appear"
],
[
"emerge",
"emerge"
],
[
"pop up",
"pop up"
],
[
"poke out",
"poke out"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To appear from below or behind something, emerge, pop up, poke out."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1574, Arthur Golding (translator), Sermons of Master John Calvin, upon the Booke of Job, London: Lucas Harison and George Byshop, Sermon 38, The first upon the tenth Chapter,\nFor whereof commeth thys hypocrisie in the popedome, that men shall preache free will, merits, and satisfactions, and set vp their bristles in suche wise, and beare themselues in hande that they may come perking before God, yea and preace thither lyke shamelesse strumpets."
},
{
"ref": "1683, Isaac Barrow, A Treatise of the Pope’s Supremacy, London: Brabazon Aylmer, Supposition 5, page 140:",
"text": "[…] our Lord had never any such design, to set up a sort of men in such distance above their brethren; to perk over them, and suck them of their goods by tricks […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To exalt oneself; to bear oneself loftily."
],
"links": [
[
"exalt",
"exalt"
],
[
"loftily",
"lofty"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) To exalt oneself; to bear oneself loftily."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɝk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɜːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
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{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)k"
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],
"word": "perk"
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{
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
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"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Northern French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
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"English verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
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{
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"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
}
],
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"forms": [
{
"form": "more perk",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most perk",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
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"pos": "adj",
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{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1579, Edmund Spenser, “Februarie”, in The Shepheardes Calender, London: Hugh Singleton:",
"text": "My ragged rontes all shiver and shake,\nAs doen high Towers in an earthquake:\nThey wont in the wind wagge their wrigle tailes,\nPerke as Peacock: but nowe it auales.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1640, John Gower, transl., Ovid’s Festivalls, Cambridge, Book 4, April, p. 96:",
"text": "All, joy’d at th’ omen, their foundation laid:\nAnd in short time a perk new wall is made.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Smart; trim; spruce; jaunty; vain."
],
"links": [
[
"Smart",
"smart"
],
[
"trim",
"trim"
],
[
"spruce",
"spruce"
],
[
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"jaunty"
],
[
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"vain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Smart; trim; spruce; jaunty; vain."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɝk/",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɜːk/",
"tags": [
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]
},
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}
],
"word": "perk"
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"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Northern French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -k",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
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{
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"2": "",
"3": "-k",
"pos2": "frequentative ending"
},
"expansion": "+ -k (frequentative ending)",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The origin is uncertain. Perhaps a variant of peer + -k (frequentative ending).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perks",
"tags": [
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"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "perking",
"tags": [
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"present"
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},
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"form": "perked",
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},
{
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}
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1835, Charles Dickens, “The Election for Beadle”, in Sketches by Boz, 3rd edition, volume 1, London: John Macrone, published 1837, page 32:",
"text": "He is a tall, thin, bony man, with an interrogative nose, and little restless perking eyes, which appear to have been given him for the sole purpose of peeping into other people’s affairs with.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To peer; to look narrowly, sharply, or inquisitively."
],
"links": [
[
"peer",
"peer"
],
[
"look",
"look"
],
[
"narrowly",
"narrowly"
],
[
"sharply",
"sharply"
],
[
"inquisitive",
"inquisitive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) To peer; to look narrowly, sharply, or inquisitively."
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"To examine thoroughly."
],
"links": [
[
"examine",
"examine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) To examine thoroughly."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɝk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɜːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-perk.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)k"
}
],
"word": "perk"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Northern French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)k",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)k/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "perken"
},
"expansion": "Middle English perken",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro-nor",
"3": "perquer"
},
"expansion": "Old Northern French perquer",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English perken, from Old Northern French perquer.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "perks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "perking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "perked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "perked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "perk (third-person singular simple present perks, present participle perking, simple past and past participle perked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1503–1512, John Skelton, Ware the Hauke; republished in John Scattergood, editor, John Skelton: The Complete English Poems, 1983, →OCLC, page 63, lines 66–70:",
"text": "His seconde hawke wexyd gery\nAnd was with flyenge wery.\nShe had flowyn so oft,\nThat on the rode loft\nShe perkyd her to rest.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1591, Robert Greene, Greenes Farewell to Folly, London: T. Gubbin & T. Newman:",
"text": "Then sir, let me say, that Mineruas owle was proude, for perking vnder [h]ir golden target […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1633, Francis Quarles, “On the Infancie of our Saviour”, in Divine Fancies Digested into Epigrammes, Meditations, and Observations, London: John Marriot, page 3:",
"text": "O! what a ravishment ’thad beene, to see\nThy little Saviour perking on thy Knee!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1779, Samuel Jackson Pratt, chapter 24, in Shenstone-Green: or, the New Paradise Lost, volume 1, London: R. Baldwin, pages 205–206:",
"text": "With respect to walking, it is the favourite exercise of my life; I sometimes divert myself with objects on the road, which, my being on a level with them, offers to observation; and yet, which, had I been perked up beyond my natural height on the back of a horse, would have been all overlooked.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1814, Leigh Hunt, The Descent of Liberty, a Mask, London: Printed for Gale, Curtis, and Fenner, […], published 1815, →OCLC, scene III, page 64:",
"text": "Laugh out in the loose green jerkin / That’s fit for a goddess to work in, / With shoulders brown, / And the wheaten crown / About thy temples perking.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To perch."
],
"links": [
[
"perch",
"perch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To perch."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɝk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɜːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-perk.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-perk.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)k"
}
],
"word": "perk"
}
Download raw JSONL data for perk meaning in All languages combined (25.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.