See penance on Wiktionary
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"ref": "1797–1798 (date written), [Samuel Taylor Coleridge], “The Rime of the Ancyent Marinere”, in Lyrical Ballads, with a Few Other Poems, London: […] J[ohn] & A[rthur] Arch, […], published 1798, →OCLC:",
"text": "Quoth he, \"The man hath penance done, / And penance more will do.\"",
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"roman": "monanieba",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"word": "მონანიება"
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"_dis1": "60 1 34 1 4",
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"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
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"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"word": "vezeklés"
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"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
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"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"word": "penitenza"
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"alt": "なんぎょう",
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"word": "修和圣事"
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"word": "pénitence"
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"(obsolete) repentance"
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"(obsolete) pain; sorrow; suffering"
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"ref": "1819, John Keats, “Lamia”, in Lamia, Isabella, the Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems, London: […] [Thomas Davison] for Taylor and Hessey, […], published 1820, →OCLC, part I, page 6:",
"text": "She seem'd, at once, some penanced lady elf, / Some demon mistress, or the demon's self.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To impose penance; to punish."
],
"id": "en-penance-en-verb-Y4nqyko8",
"links": [
[
"impose",
"impose"
],
[
"penance",
"#Noun"
],
[
"punish",
"punish"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛn.əns/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-penance.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d1/En-us-penance.ogg/En-us-penance.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/En-us-penance.ogg"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"penance"
],
"word": "penance"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "penance",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Troilus and Criseyde",
"ref": "c. 1380s, [Geoffrey Chaucer, William Caxton, editor], The Double Sorow of Troylus to Telle Kyng Pryamus Sone of Troye … [Troilus and Criseyde], [Westminster]: Explicit per Caxton, published 1482, →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], book IV, [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC:",
"text": "ne Joy nor penance he feeleth none.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pain; sorrow; suffering"
],
"id": "en-penance-enm-noun-bnZajG1-",
"links": [
[
"pain",
"pain"
],
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
],
[
"suffering",
"suffering"
]
]
}
],
"word": "penance"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₁-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -ance",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"en:Religion"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*peh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "penaunce"
},
"expansion": "Middle English penaunce",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "peneance"
},
"expansion": "Old French peneance",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "paenitentia",
"4": "",
"5": "repentance, penitence"
},
"expansion": "Latin paenitentia (“repentance, penitence”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "penitence"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of penitence",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English penaunce, from Anglo-Norman, from Old French peneance, from Latin paenitentia (“repentance, penitence”). Doublet of penitence.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "penances",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "penance (countable and uncountable, plural penances)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pen‧ance"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1797–1798 (date written), [Samuel Taylor Coleridge], “The Rime of the Ancyent Marinere”, in Lyrical Ballads, with a Few Other Poems, London: […] J[ohn] & A[rthur] Arch, […], published 1798, →OCLC:",
"text": "Quoth he, \"The man hath penance done, / And penance more will do.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A voluntary self-imposed punishment for a sinful act or wrongdoing. It may be intended to serve as reparation for the act."
],
"links": [
[
"punishment",
"punishment"
],
[
"sinful",
"sinful"
],
[
"reparation",
"reparation"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A sacrament in some Christian churches."
],
"links": [
[
"sacrament",
"sacrament"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any instrument of self-punishment."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"repentance"
],
"links": [
[
"repentance",
"repentance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) repentance"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"pain; sorrow; suffering"
],
"links": [
[
"pain",
"pain"
],
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
],
[
"suffering",
"suffering"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) pain; sorrow; suffering"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛn.əns/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-penance.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d1/En-us-penance.ogg/En-us-penance.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/En-us-penance.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "penitence"
},
{
"word": "atonement"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pokajánie",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "покая́ние"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"word": "penitència"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "kŭ xiū",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"word": "苦修"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "kŭ xíng",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"word": "苦行"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "pønitense"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"word": "boetedoening"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"word": "pénitence"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "penitencia"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "monanieba",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"word": "მონანიება"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Buße"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Bußleistung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Bußübung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Bußwerk"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Bußverfahren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Sühnung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Selbstkasteiung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Pönitenz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"word": "vezeklés"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "aithrí"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"word": "penitenza"
},
{
"alt": "なんぎょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "nangyou",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"word": "難行"
},
{
"alt": "くぎょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kugyou",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"word": "苦行"
},
{
"alt": "なんぎょうくぎょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "nangyou-kugyou",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"word": "難行苦行"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "pokajánie",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "покаја́ние"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "pokajúvanje",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "покају́вање"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"word": "rīpenetātanga"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"word": "bot"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "peniténcia"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pentiment"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pokuta"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "penitência"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"word": "pocăință"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "iskuplénije",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "искупле́ние"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "peanas"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"word": "pokora"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"word": "penitencia"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "bot"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "penitens"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "voluntary self-imposed punishment",
"word": "pälśalñe"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "sacrament in some churches",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "penitència"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "xiū hé shèng shì",
"sense": "sacrament in some churches",
"word": "修和圣事"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "hé hǎo shèng shì",
"sense": "sacrament in some churches",
"word": "和好圣事"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sacrament in some churches",
"word": "berouw"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sacrament in some churches",
"word": "penitentie"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sacrament in some churches",
"word": "katumus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sacrament in some churches",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pénitence"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sacrament in some churches",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Bußsakrament"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "sacrament in some churches",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "aithrí"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sacrament in some churches",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "penitenza"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "sacrament in some churches",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "penitência"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sacrament in some churches",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "penitencia"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"penance"
],
"word": "penance"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₁-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -ance",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"en:Religion"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*peh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "penaunce"
},
"expansion": "Middle English penaunce",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "peneance"
},
"expansion": "Old French peneance",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "paenitentia",
"4": "",
"5": "repentance, penitence"
},
"expansion": "Latin paenitentia (“repentance, penitence”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "penitence"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of penitence",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English penaunce, from Anglo-Norman, from Old French peneance, from Latin paenitentia (“repentance, penitence”). Doublet of penitence.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "penances",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "penancing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "penanced",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "penanced",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "penance (third-person singular simple present penances, present participle penancing, simple past and past participle penanced)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pen‧ance"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1819, John Keats, “Lamia”, in Lamia, Isabella, the Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems, London: […] [Thomas Davison] for Taylor and Hessey, […], published 1820, →OCLC, part I, page 6:",
"text": "She seem'd, at once, some penanced lady elf, / Some demon mistress, or the demon's self.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To impose penance; to punish."
],
"links": [
[
"impose",
"impose"
],
[
"penance",
"#Noun"
],
[
"punish",
"punish"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛn.əns/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-penance.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d1/En-us-penance.ogg/En-us-penance.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/En-us-penance.ogg"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"penance"
],
"word": "penance"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "penance",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Troilus and Criseyde",
"ref": "c. 1380s, [Geoffrey Chaucer, William Caxton, editor], The Double Sorow of Troylus to Telle Kyng Pryamus Sone of Troye … [Troilus and Criseyde], [Westminster]: Explicit per Caxton, published 1482, →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], book IV, [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC:",
"text": "ne Joy nor penance he feeleth none.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pain; sorrow; suffering"
],
"links": [
[
"pain",
"pain"
],
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
],
[
"suffering",
"suffering"
]
]
}
],
"word": "penance"
}
Download raw JSONL data for penance meaning in All languages combined (15.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.