See lupus on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for lupus meaning in All languages combined (32.4kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus",
"4": "",
"5": "wolf"
},
"expansion": "Latin lupus (“wolf”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lobo",
"3": "wolf"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of lobo and wolf",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lupus (“wolf”). Doublet of lobo and wolf.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "lupus (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Pathology",
"orig": "en:Pathology",
"parents": [
"Medicine",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "neurolupus"
},
{
"word": "rhupus"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2015 January 21, 00:05:15 from the start, in Conan Visits Taco Bell (Conan), Conan O'Brien (actor), Team Coco",
"text": "You like the name quesalupa? That is a little like \"case of lupus\". I just keep thinking about that.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of a number of autoimmune diseases, the most common of which is systemic lupus erythematosus."
],
"id": "en-lupus-en-noun-kb3iJX3s",
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"autoimmune",
"autoimmune"
],
[
"systemic lupus erythematosus",
"systemic lupus erythematosus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(pathology) Any of a number of autoimmune diseases, the most common of which is systemic lupus erythematosus."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "wolf"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḏiʔba",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ذِئْبَة"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"word": "övrə"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"word": "qurdeşənəyi"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kožna tuberkuloza",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кожна туберкулоза"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lupus"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"word": "狼瘡"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lángchuāng",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"word": "狼疮"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"word": "lupuso"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"word": "lupus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lupus"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lupus"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mglura",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"word": "მგლურა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Lupus"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "lýkos",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "λύκος"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "za'évet",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "זָאֶבֶת"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lupus"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "toczeń"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lúpus"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "lupus"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "volčánka",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "волча́нка"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zverinac"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lupus"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈluːpəs/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːpəs"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-lupus.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/eb/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lupus.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lupus.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/eb/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lupus.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lupus.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-lupus.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-lupus.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-lupus.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-lupus.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-lupus.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "lo͝o'pəs"
}
],
"word": "lupus"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin lupus",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin lupus",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "llop",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "llop",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lupus. Doublet of the inherited llop.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "lupus m (uncountable)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ca",
"name": "Diseases",
"orig": "ca:Diseases",
"parents": [
"Disease",
"Health",
"Pathology",
"Body",
"Medicine",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lupus"
],
"id": "en-lupus-ca-noun-RwhRFtge",
"links": [
[
"lupus",
"lupus#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈlu.pus]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central",
"Valencian"
]
}
],
"word": "lupus"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin lupus",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin lupus",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "lupo",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "lupo",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lupus. Doublet of the inherited lupo.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "#"
},
"expansion": "lupus m (invariable)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lù‧pus"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "it",
"name": "Diseases",
"orig": "it:Diseases",
"parents": [
"Disease",
"Health",
"Pathology",
"Body",
"Medicine",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "lupico"
},
{
"word": "lupoma"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lupus"
],
"id": "en-lupus-it-noun-RwhRFtge",
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"lupus",
"lupus#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(pathology) lupus"
],
"tags": [
"invariable",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlu.pus/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-upus"
}
],
"word": "lupus"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "to wish the impossible, literally: to wish to rescue a lamb from a wolf",
"word": "agnum lupō ēripere velle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "homō hominī lupus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lupa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lupārius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lupātus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin"
],
"word": "lupellus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Lupercus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lupīnus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Lupus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lupulus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lupus in fābulā"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lupus in sermōne"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "lupo"
},
"expansion": "Aragonese: lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aragonese: lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "lup",
"3": "lupu"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: lup, lupu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: lup, lupu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "llobu"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: llobu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: llobu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "lupu"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: lupu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: lupu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egl",
"2": "låuv"
},
"expansion": "Emilian: låuv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Emilian: låuv"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "lôf"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: lôf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: lôf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruo",
"2": "lup"
},
"expansion": "Istro-Romanian: lup",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istro-Romanian: lup"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "lupo"
},
"expansion": "Italian: lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "lô"
},
"expansion": "Ligurian: lô",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ligurian: lô"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruq",
"2": "lup"
},
"expansion": "Megleno-Romanian: lup",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Megleno-Romanian: lup"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mwl",
"2": "lhobo"
},
"expansion": "Mirandese: lhobo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mirandese: lhobo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "lop"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan: lop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Occitan: lop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "llop"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: llop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: llop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "lop"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: lop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: lop"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Francoprovençal: lof, luef"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frp",
"2": "lof"
},
"expansion": "Franco-Provençal: lof",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Franco-Provençal: lof"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Savoyard: luef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "leu"
},
"expansion": "Old French: leu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: leu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "loup",
"3": "leu"
},
"expansion": "French: loup, leu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: loup, leu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "lupo"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan: lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Neapolitan: lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "lobo"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: lobo\nGalician: lobo\nPortuguese: lobo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: lobo\nGalician: lobo\nPortuguese: lobo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "luv"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: luv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: luv"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "lup"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: lup",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: lup"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "luf"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: luf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: luf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "lupu"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: lupu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: lupu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "lupu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: lupu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: lupu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "lupu",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Maltese: lupu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Maltese: lupu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "lobo"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: lobo\n→ English: loafer, lobo, lofer, loper, lover",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: lobo\n→ English: loafer, lobo, lofer, loper, lover"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "lobo",
"bor": "2"
},
"expansion": "→ Tagalog: lobo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tagalog: lobo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "lóvo"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: lóvo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: lóvo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "leu"
},
"expansion": "Walloon: leu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Walloon: leu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "lupo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "lupo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Interlingua: lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Interlingua: lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "lup",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Volapük: lup",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Volapük: lup"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Lupus",
"3": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: Lupus, lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: Lupus, lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "lúpus",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: lúpus, lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: lúpus, lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "Lupus",
"3": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: Lupus, lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: Lupus, lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "Lupus",
"alt": "Lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Translingual: Lupus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "Anarhichas lupus",
"alt": "Anarhichas lupus",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Anarhichas lupus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Canis lupus",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Canis lupus",
"name": "taxfmt"
}
],
"text": "→ Translingual: Lupus; ⇒ Anarhichas lupus, Canis lupus"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*lukʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *lukʷos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wĺ̥kʷos",
"t": "wolf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/p/"
},
"expansion": "/p/",
"name": "ic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-sbl"
},
"expansion": "Osco-Umbrian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "popīna"
},
"expansion": "popīna",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "λύκος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek λύκος (lúkos)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वृक"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit वृक (vṛka)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wulf"
},
"expansion": "Old English wulf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "влькъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic влькъ (vlĭkŭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "lycos",
"3": "Lycus"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of lycos and Lycus",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vulpēs",
"3": "",
"4": "fox"
},
"expansion": "Latin vulpēs (“fox”)",
"name": "nc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *lukʷos, from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”), with a metathesis of *wĺ̥- to *lú-. The shift of *kʷ to /p/ can be explained as a borrowing from an Osco-Umbrian language, where the change is regular. Another example of a borrowing with that shift is popīna.\nCognates include Ancient Greek λύκος (lúkos), Sanskrit वृक (vṛka), Old English wulf, and Old Church Slavonic влькъ (vlĭkŭ). Doublet of lycos and Lycus; not cognate to Latin vulpēs (“fox”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lupī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lupa",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lupus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lupī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lupus<2>",
"f": "lupa"
},
"expansion": "lupus m (genitive lupī, feminine lupa); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lupus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "la:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 15 15 10 10 10 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 12 14 10 15 15 15 7",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Wolves",
"orig": "la:Wolves",
"parents": [
"Canids",
"Carnivores",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A man is a wolf to another man.",
"text": "Homō hominī lupus.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wolf (C. lupus)"
],
"id": "en-lupus-la-noun-q~JSO8uc",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"C. lupus",
"Canis lupus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) wolf (C. lupus)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "la:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 14 14 5 18 18 18 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 15 15 10 10 10 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 12 14 10 15 15 15 7",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Wolves",
"orig": "la:Wolves",
"parents": [
"Canids",
"Carnivores",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf",
"pike (Esocidae)"
],
"id": "en-lupus-la-noun-q28r4xB7",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"savage",
"savage"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"pike",
"pike"
],
[
"Esocidae",
"Esocidae#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf",
"pike (Esocidae)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "la:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 14 14 5 18 18 18 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 15 24 5 13 13 13 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 15 15 10 10 10 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 12 14 10 15 15 15 7",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Wolves",
"orig": "la:Wolves",
"parents": [
"Canids",
"Carnivores",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf",
"wolffish (Anarhichadidae)"
],
"id": "en-lupus-la-noun-chqePbpX",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"savage",
"savage"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"wolffish",
"wolffish"
],
[
"Anarhichadidae",
"Anarhichadidae#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf",
"wolffish (Anarhichadidae)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "la:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 15 15 10 10 10 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 8 8 51 7 7 8 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 12 14 10 15 15 15 7",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Wolves",
"orig": "la:Wolves",
"parents": [
"Canids",
"Carnivores",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf",
"an uncertain kind of spider"
],
"id": "en-lupus-la-noun-DSOyZy6m",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"savage",
"savage"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"uncertain",
"uncertain"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"spider",
"spider"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf",
"an uncertain kind of spider"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Carpentry",
"orig": "la:Carpentry",
"parents": [
"Construction",
"Woodworking",
"Architecture",
"Engineering",
"Crafts",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Technology",
"Society",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 14 14 5 18 18 18 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 12 14 10 15 15 15 7",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Wolves",
"orig": "la:Wolves",
"parents": [
"Canids",
"Carnivores",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth",
"a kind of bit"
],
"id": "en-lupus-la-noun-WQCT5QlT",
"links": [
[
"carpentry",
"carpentry"
],
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"tooth",
"tooth"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"bit",
"bit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(carpentry) a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth",
"a kind of bit"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"carpentry",
"construction",
"manufacturing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Carpentry",
"orig": "la:Carpentry",
"parents": [
"Construction",
"Woodworking",
"Architecture",
"Engineering",
"Crafts",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Technology",
"Society",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 14 14 5 18 18 18 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 12 14 10 15 15 15 7",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Wolves",
"orig": "la:Wolves",
"parents": [
"Canids",
"Carnivores",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth",
"a kind of handsaw"
],
"id": "en-lupus-la-noun-vpGtv~yd",
"links": [
[
"carpentry",
"carpentry"
],
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"tooth",
"tooth"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"handsaw",
"handsaw"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(carpentry) a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth",
"a kind of handsaw"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"carpentry",
"construction",
"manufacturing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Carpentry",
"orig": "la:Carpentry",
"parents": [
"Construction",
"Woodworking",
"Architecture",
"Engineering",
"Crafts",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Technology",
"Society",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 14 14 5 18 18 18 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 12 14 10 15 15 15 7",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Wolves",
"orig": "la:Wolves",
"parents": [
"Canids",
"Carnivores",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth",
"a kind of hook used for hoisting objects"
],
"id": "en-lupus-la-noun-Wm4oFk~u",
"links": [
[
"carpentry",
"carpentry"
],
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"tooth",
"tooth"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"hook",
"hook"
],
[
"use",
"use"
],
[
"hoist",
"hoist"
],
[
"object",
"object"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(carpentry) a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth",
"a kind of hook used for hoisting objects"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"carpentry",
"construction",
"manufacturing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "la:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 15 15 10 10 10 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hops (H. lupulus)"
],
"id": "en-lupus-la-noun-FdEyAc6K",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"hops",
"hops"
],
[
"H. lupulus",
"Humulus lupulus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) hops (H. lupulus)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlu.pus/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɫ̪ʊpʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlu.pus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈluːpus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hirpus"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"la:lupus"
],
"word": "lupus"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "lupus",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "French lupus",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "lupus"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French lupus",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French lupus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lupus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "un lupus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupusul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "unui lupus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupusului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupusule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "lupus n (uncountable)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n",
"gpd": "lupuselor",
"gpi": "lupuse",
"gsd": "lupusului",
"gsi": "lupus",
"n": "sg",
"npd": "lupusele",
"npi": "lupuse",
"nsd": "lupusul",
"nsi": "lupus",
"vp": "lupuselor",
"vs": "lupusule"
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun-single"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lupus"
],
"id": "en-lupus-ro-noun-RwhRFtge",
"links": [
[
"lupus",
"lupus#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"word": "lupus"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin lupus",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin lupus",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "lobo"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of lobo",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lupus. Doublet of lobo.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "lupus m (uncountable)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lu‧pus"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "es",
"name": "Diseases",
"orig": "es:Diseases",
"parents": [
"Disease",
"Health",
"Pathology",
"Body",
"Medicine",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "lúpico"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lupus"
],
"id": "en-lupus-es-noun-RwhRFtge",
"links": [
[
"lupus",
"lupus#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable"
],
"wikipedia": [
"es:lupus"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlupus/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈlu.pus]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-upus"
}
],
"word": "lupus"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin lupus",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin lupus",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "llop",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "llop",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lupus. Doublet of the inherited llop.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "lupus m (uncountable)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Catalan doublets",
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan masculine nouns",
"Catalan nouns",
"Catalan terms borrowed from Latin",
"Catalan terms derived from Latin",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Catalan uncountable nouns",
"ca:Diseases"
],
"glosses": [
"lupus"
],
"links": [
[
"lupus",
"lupus#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈlu.pus]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central",
"Valencian"
]
}
],
"word": "lupus"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "neurolupus"
},
{
"word": "rhupus"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus",
"4": "",
"5": "wolf"
},
"expansion": "Latin lupus (“wolf”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lobo",
"3": "wolf"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of lobo and wolf",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lupus (“wolf”). Doublet of lobo and wolf.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "lupus (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"Rhymes:English/uːpəs",
"Rhymes:English/uːpəs/2 syllables",
"en:Pathology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2015 January 21, 00:05:15 from the start, in Conan Visits Taco Bell (Conan), Conan O'Brien (actor), Team Coco",
"text": "You like the name quesalupa? That is a little like \"case of lupus\". I just keep thinking about that.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of a number of autoimmune diseases, the most common of which is systemic lupus erythematosus."
],
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"autoimmune",
"autoimmune"
],
[
"systemic lupus erythematosus",
"systemic lupus erythematosus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(pathology) Any of a number of autoimmune diseases, the most common of which is systemic lupus erythematosus."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈluːpəs/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːpəs"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-lupus.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/eb/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lupus.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lupus.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/eb/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lupus.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lupus.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-lupus.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-lupus.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-lupus.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-lupus.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-lupus.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "lo͝o'pəs"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "wolf"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḏiʔba",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ذِئْبَة"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"word": "övrə"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"word": "qurdeşənəyi"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kožna tuberkuloza",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кожна туберкулоза"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lupus"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"word": "狼瘡"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lángchuāng",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"word": "狼疮"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"word": "lupuso"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"word": "lupus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lupus"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lupus"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mglura",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"word": "მგლურა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Lupus"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "lýkos",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "λύκος"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "za'évet",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "זָאֶבֶת"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lupus"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "toczeń"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lúpus"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "lupus"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "volčánka",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "волча́нка"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zverinac"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "autoimmune disease",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lupus"
}
],
"word": "lupus"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "lupico"
},
{
"word": "lupoma"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin lupus",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin lupus",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "lupo",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "lupo",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lupus. Doublet of the inherited lupo.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "#"
},
"expansion": "lupus m (invariable)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lù‧pus"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian 2-syllable words",
"Italian countable nouns",
"Italian doublets",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian indeclinable nouns",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian masculine nouns",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian terms borrowed from Latin",
"Italian terms derived from Latin",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Italian/upus",
"Rhymes:Italian/upus/2 syllables",
"it:Diseases"
],
"glosses": [
"lupus"
],
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"lupus",
"lupus#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(pathology) lupus"
],
"tags": [
"invariable",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlu.pus/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-upus"
}
],
"word": "lupus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin doublets",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms borrowed from Osco-Umbrian languages",
"Latin terms derived from Osco-Umbrian languages",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin terms with uncertain meaning",
"la:Wolves"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to wish the impossible, literally: to wish to rescue a lamb from a wolf",
"word": "agnum lupō ēripere velle"
},
{
"word": "homō hominī lupus"
},
{
"word": "lupa"
},
{
"word": "lupārius"
},
{
"word": "lupātus"
},
{
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin"
],
"word": "lupellus"
},
{
"word": "Lupercus"
},
{
"word": "lupīnus"
},
{
"word": "Lupus"
},
{
"word": "lupulus"
},
{
"word": "lupus in fābulā"
},
{
"word": "lupus in sermōne"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "lupo"
},
"expansion": "Aragonese: lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aragonese: lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "lup",
"3": "lupu"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: lup, lupu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: lup, lupu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "llobu"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: llobu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: llobu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "lupu"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: lupu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: lupu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egl",
"2": "låuv"
},
"expansion": "Emilian: låuv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Emilian: låuv"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "lôf"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: lôf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: lôf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruo",
"2": "lup"
},
"expansion": "Istro-Romanian: lup",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istro-Romanian: lup"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "lupo"
},
"expansion": "Italian: lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "lô"
},
"expansion": "Ligurian: lô",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ligurian: lô"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruq",
"2": "lup"
},
"expansion": "Megleno-Romanian: lup",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Megleno-Romanian: lup"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mwl",
"2": "lhobo"
},
"expansion": "Mirandese: lhobo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mirandese: lhobo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "lop"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan: lop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Occitan: lop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "llop"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: llop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: llop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "lop"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: lop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: lop"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Francoprovençal: lof, luef"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frp",
"2": "lof"
},
"expansion": "Franco-Provençal: lof",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Franco-Provençal: lof"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Savoyard: luef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "leu"
},
"expansion": "Old French: leu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: leu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "loup",
"3": "leu"
},
"expansion": "French: loup, leu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: loup, leu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "lupo"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan: lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Neapolitan: lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "lobo"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: lobo\nGalician: lobo\nPortuguese: lobo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: lobo\nGalician: lobo\nPortuguese: lobo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "luv"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: luv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: luv"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "lup"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: lup",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: lup"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "luf"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: luf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: luf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "lupu"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: lupu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: lupu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "lupu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: lupu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: lupu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "lupu",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Maltese: lupu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Maltese: lupu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "lobo"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: lobo\n→ English: loafer, lobo, lofer, loper, lover",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: lobo\n→ English: loafer, lobo, lofer, loper, lover"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "lobo",
"bor": "2"
},
"expansion": "→ Tagalog: lobo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tagalog: lobo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "lóvo"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: lóvo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: lóvo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "leu"
},
"expansion": "Walloon: leu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Walloon: leu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "lupo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "lupo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Interlingua: lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Interlingua: lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "lup",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Volapük: lup",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Volapük: lup"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Lupus",
"3": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: Lupus, lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: Lupus, lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "lúpus",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: lúpus, lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: lúpus, lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "Lupus",
"3": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: Lupus, lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: Lupus, lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "Lupus",
"alt": "Lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Translingual: Lupus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "Anarhichas lupus",
"alt": "Anarhichas lupus",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Anarhichas lupus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Canis lupus",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Canis lupus",
"name": "taxfmt"
}
],
"text": "→ Translingual: Lupus; ⇒ Anarhichas lupus, Canis lupus"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*lukʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *lukʷos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wĺ̥kʷos",
"t": "wolf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/p/"
},
"expansion": "/p/",
"name": "ic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-sbl"
},
"expansion": "Osco-Umbrian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "popīna"
},
"expansion": "popīna",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "λύκος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek λύκος (lúkos)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वृक"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit वृक (vṛka)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wulf"
},
"expansion": "Old English wulf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "влькъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic влькъ (vlĭkŭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "lycos",
"3": "Lycus"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of lycos and Lycus",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vulpēs",
"3": "",
"4": "fox"
},
"expansion": "Latin vulpēs (“fox”)",
"name": "nc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *lukʷos, from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”), with a metathesis of *wĺ̥- to *lú-. The shift of *kʷ to /p/ can be explained as a borrowing from an Osco-Umbrian language, where the change is regular. Another example of a borrowing with that shift is popīna.\nCognates include Ancient Greek λύκος (lúkos), Sanskrit वृक (vṛka), Old English wulf, and Old Church Slavonic влькъ (vlĭkŭ). Doublet of lycos and Lycus; not cognate to Latin vulpēs (“fox”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lupī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lupa",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lupus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lupī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lupus<2>",
"f": "lupa"
},
"expansion": "lupus m (genitive lupī, feminine lupa); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lupus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with usage examples",
"la:Zoology"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A man is a wolf to another man.",
"text": "Homō hominī lupus.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wolf (C. lupus)"
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"C. lupus",
"Canis lupus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) wolf (C. lupus)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"la:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf",
"pike (Esocidae)"
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"savage",
"savage"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"pike",
"pike"
],
[
"Esocidae",
"Esocidae#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf",
"pike (Esocidae)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"la:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf",
"wolffish (Anarhichadidae)"
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"savage",
"savage"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"wolffish",
"wolffish"
],
[
"Anarhichadidae",
"Anarhichadidae#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf",
"wolffish (Anarhichadidae)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"la:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf",
"an uncertain kind of spider"
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"savage",
"savage"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"uncertain",
"uncertain"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"spider",
"spider"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf",
"an uncertain kind of spider"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"la:Carpentry"
],
"glosses": [
"a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth",
"a kind of bit"
],
"links": [
[
"carpentry",
"carpentry"
],
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"tooth",
"tooth"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"bit",
"bit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(carpentry) a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth",
"a kind of bit"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"carpentry",
"construction",
"manufacturing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"la:Carpentry"
],
"glosses": [
"a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth",
"a kind of handsaw"
],
"links": [
[
"carpentry",
"carpentry"
],
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"tooth",
"tooth"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"handsaw",
"handsaw"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(carpentry) a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth",
"a kind of handsaw"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"carpentry",
"construction",
"manufacturing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"la:Carpentry"
],
"glosses": [
"a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth",
"a kind of hook used for hoisting objects"
],
"links": [
[
"carpentry",
"carpentry"
],
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"tooth",
"tooth"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"hook",
"hook"
],
[
"use",
"use"
],
[
"hoist",
"hoist"
],
[
"object",
"object"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(carpentry) a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth",
"a kind of hook used for hoisting objects"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"carpentry",
"construction",
"manufacturing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"la:Botany"
],
"glosses": [
"hops (H. lupulus)"
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"hops",
"hops"
],
[
"H. lupulus",
"Humulus lupulus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) hops (H. lupulus)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlu.pus/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɫ̪ʊpʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlu.pus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈluːpus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hirpus"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"la:lupus"
],
"word": "lupus"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "lupus",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "French lupus",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "lupus"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French lupus",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French lupus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lupus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "un lupus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupusul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "unui lupus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupusului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupusule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "lupus n (uncountable)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n",
"gpd": "lupuselor",
"gpi": "lupuse",
"gsd": "lupusului",
"gsi": "lupus",
"n": "sg",
"npd": "lupusele",
"npi": "lupuse",
"nsd": "lupusul",
"nsi": "lupus",
"vp": "lupuselor",
"vs": "lupusule"
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun-single"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian neuter nouns",
"Romanian nouns",
"Romanian terms borrowed from French",
"Romanian terms derived from French",
"Romanian uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"lupus"
],
"links": [
[
"lupus",
"lupus#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"word": "lupus"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "lúpico"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin lupus",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin lupus",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "lobo"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of lobo",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lupus. Doublet of lobo.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "lupus m (uncountable)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lu‧pus"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Rhymes:Spanish/upus",
"Rhymes:Spanish/upus/2 syllables",
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish doublets",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine nouns",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish terms borrowed from Latin",
"Spanish terms derived from Latin",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Spanish uncountable nouns",
"es:Diseases"
],
"glosses": [
"lupus"
],
"links": [
[
"lupus",
"lupus#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable"
],
"wikipedia": [
"es:lupus"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlupus/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈlu.pus]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-upus"
}
],
"word": "lupus"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Romanian]; cleaned text: n gender",
"path": [
"lupus"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "lupus",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.