See lupus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "to wish the impossible, literally: to wish to rescue a lamb from a wolf",
"word": "agnum lupō ēripere velle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "homō hominī lupus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lupa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lupārius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lupātus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin"
],
"word": "lupellus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Lupercus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lupīnus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Lupus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lupulus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lupus in fābulā"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lupus in sermōne"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "lupo"
},
"expansion": "Aragonese: lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aragonese: lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "lup",
"3": "lupu"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: lup, lupu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: lup, lupu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "llobu"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: llobu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: llobu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "llop"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: llop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: llop"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "lupu"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: lupu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: lupu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egl",
"2": "låuv"
},
"expansion": "Emilian: låuv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Emilian: låuv"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frp",
"2": "lop"
},
"expansion": "Franco-Provençal: lop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Franco-Provençal: lop"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "lôf"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: lôf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: lôf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruo",
"2": "lup"
},
"expansion": "Istro-Romanian: lup",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istro-Romanian: lup"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "lupo"
},
"expansion": "Italian: lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-leo",
"2": "llobu"
},
"expansion": "Leonese: llobu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Leonese: llobu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "lô"
},
"expansion": "Ligurian: lô",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ligurian: lô"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruq",
"2": "lup"
},
"expansion": "Megleno-Romanian: lup",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Megleno-Romanian: lup"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mwl",
"2": "lhobo"
},
"expansion": "Mirandese: lhobo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mirandese: lhobo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "lupo"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan: lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Neapolitan: lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "lop"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: lop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: lop"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "leu"
},
"expansion": "Old French: leu, lou, lu\nMiddle French: leu\n⇒ French: à la queue leu leu\n⇒ Middle French: loup\nFrench: loup\nHaitian Creole: lou\n⇒ Mauritian Creole: lulu\n⇒ Seychellois Creole: loulou\n→ English: loo; Loup",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old French: leu, lou, lu\nMiddle French: leu\n⇒ French: à la queue leu leu\n⇒ Middle French: loup\nFrench: loup\nHaitian Creole: lou\n⇒ Mauritian Creole: lulu\n⇒ Seychellois Creole: loulou\n→ English: loo; Loup"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "lobo"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: lobo\nGalician: lobo\nPortuguese: lobo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: lobo\nGalician: lobo\nPortuguese: lobo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Lombard:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lmo",
"2": "lov",
"3": "loff",
"4": "lóff"
},
"expansion": "Lombard: lov, loff, lóff",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombard: lov, loff, lóff"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-gis",
"2": "lupö",
"3": "lup’",
"4": "lupu"
},
"expansion": "Gallo-Italic of Sicily: lupö, lup’, lupu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gallo-Italic of Sicily: lupö, lup’, lupu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "luv"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: luv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: luv"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "lup"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: lup",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: lup"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "luf"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: luf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: luf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "lupu"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: lupu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: lupu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "lupu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: lupu\n→ Maltese: lupu",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: lupu\n→ Maltese: lupu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "lobo"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: lobo\n→ English: loafer, lobo, lofer, loper, lover\n→ Tagalog: lobo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: lobo\n→ English: loafer, lobo, lofer, loper, lover\n→ Tagalog: lobo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "lovo"
},
"expansion": "Venetan: lovo, lóvo, łovo, łóvo\n→ Italian: lovo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Venetan: lovo, lóvo, łovo, łóvo\n→ Italian: lovo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "leu"
},
"expansion": "Walloon: leu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Walloon: leu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "lupo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "lupo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Interlingua: lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Interlingua: lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "lup",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Volapük: lup",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Volapük: lup"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Lupus",
"3": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: Lupus, lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: Lupus, lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "lúpus",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: lúpus, lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: lúpus, lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "Lupus",
"3": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: Lupus, lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: Lupus, lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "Lupus",
"alt": "Lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Translingual: Lupus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "Anarhichas lupus",
"alt": "Anarhichas lupus",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Anarhichas lupus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Canis lupus",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Canis lupus",
"name": "taxfmt"
}
],
"text": "→ Translingual: Lupus; ⇒ Anarhichas lupus, Canis lupus"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*lukʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *lukʷos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wĺ̥kʷos",
"t": "wolf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/p/"
},
"expansion": "/p/",
"name": "ic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-sbl"
},
"expansion": "Osco-Umbrian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "λύκος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek λύκος (lúkos)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वृक"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit वृक (vṛka)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wulf"
},
"expansion": "Old English wulf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "влькъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic влькъ (vlĭkŭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "lycos",
"3": "Lycus"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of lycos and Lycus",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vulpēs",
"3": "",
"4": "fox"
},
"expansion": "Latin vulpēs (“fox”)",
"name": "nc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *lukʷos, from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”), with a metathesis of *wĺ̥- to *lú-. The shift of *kʷ to /p/ can be explained as a borrowing from an Osco-Umbrian language, where the change is regular. Another example of a borrowing with that shift is popīna.\nCognates include Ancient Greek λύκος (lúkos), Sanskrit वृक (vṛka), Old English wulf, and Old Church Slavonic влькъ (vlĭkŭ). Doublet of lycos and Lycus; not cognate to Latin vulpēs (“fox”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lupī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lupa",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lupus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lupī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lupus<2>",
"f": "lupa"
},
"expansion": "lupus m (genitive lupī, feminine lupa); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lupus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "la:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 15 15 10 10 10 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A man is a wolf to another man.",
"text": "Homō hominī lupus.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wolf (C. lupus)"
],
"id": "en-lupus-la-noun-q~JSO8uc",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"C. lupus",
"Canis lupus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) wolf (C. lupus)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "la:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 14 14 5 18 18 18 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 15 15 10 10 10 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 15 15 4 18 18 18 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 15 15 4 18 18 18 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 14 14 8 16 16 16 7",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Wolves",
"orig": "la:Wolves",
"parents": [
"Canids",
"Carnivores",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf",
"pike (Esocidae)"
],
"id": "en-lupus-la-noun-q28r4xB7",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"savage",
"savage"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"pike",
"pike"
],
[
"Esocidae",
"Esocidae#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf, particularly:",
"pike (Esocidae)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "la:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 14 14 5 18 18 18 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 15 15 10 10 10 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 15 15 4 18 18 18 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 15 15 4 18 18 18 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 14 14 8 16 16 16 7",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Wolves",
"orig": "la:Wolves",
"parents": [
"Canids",
"Carnivores",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf",
"wolffish (Anarhichadidae)"
],
"id": "en-lupus-la-noun-chqePbpX",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"savage",
"savage"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"wolffish",
"wolffish"
],
[
"Anarhichadidae",
"Anarhichadidae#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf, particularly:",
"wolffish (Anarhichadidae)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "la:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 15 15 10 10 10 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 7 7 48 7 7 9 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf",
"an uncertain kind of spider"
],
"id": "en-lupus-la-noun-DSOyZy6m",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"savage",
"savage"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"uncertain",
"uncertain"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"spider",
"spider"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf, particularly:",
"an uncertain kind of spider"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Carpentry",
"orig": "la:Carpentry",
"parents": [
"Construction",
"Woodworking",
"Architecture",
"Engineering",
"Crafts",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Technology",
"Society",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 14 14 5 18 18 18 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 15 15 4 18 18 18 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 15 15 4 18 18 18 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 14 14 8 16 16 16 7",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Wolves",
"orig": "la:Wolves",
"parents": [
"Canids",
"Carnivores",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth",
"a kind of bit"
],
"id": "en-lupus-la-noun-WQCT5QlT",
"links": [
[
"carpentry",
"carpentry"
],
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"tooth",
"tooth"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"bit",
"bit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(carpentry) a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth, particularly:",
"a kind of bit"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"carpentry",
"construction",
"manufacturing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Carpentry",
"orig": "la:Carpentry",
"parents": [
"Construction",
"Woodworking",
"Architecture",
"Engineering",
"Crafts",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Technology",
"Society",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 14 14 5 18 18 18 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 15 15 4 18 18 18 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 15 15 4 18 18 18 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 14 14 8 16 16 16 7",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Wolves",
"orig": "la:Wolves",
"parents": [
"Canids",
"Carnivores",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth",
"a kind of handsaw"
],
"id": "en-lupus-la-noun-vpGtv~yd",
"links": [
[
"carpentry",
"carpentry"
],
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"tooth",
"tooth"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"handsaw",
"handsaw"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(carpentry) a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth, particularly:",
"a kind of handsaw"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"carpentry",
"construction",
"manufacturing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Carpentry",
"orig": "la:Carpentry",
"parents": [
"Construction",
"Woodworking",
"Architecture",
"Engineering",
"Crafts",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Technology",
"Society",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 14 14 5 18 18 18 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 15 15 4 18 18 18 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 15 15 4 18 18 18 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 14 14 8 16 16 16 7",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Wolves",
"orig": "la:Wolves",
"parents": [
"Canids",
"Carnivores",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth",
"a kind of hook used for hoisting objects"
],
"id": "en-lupus-la-noun-Wm4oFk~u",
"links": [
[
"carpentry",
"carpentry"
],
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"tooth",
"tooth"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"hook",
"hook"
],
[
"use",
"use"
],
[
"hoist",
"hoist"
],
[
"object",
"object"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(carpentry) a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth, particularly:",
"a kind of hook used for hoisting objects"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"carpentry",
"construction",
"manufacturing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "la:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "13 15 15 15 10 10 10 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hops (H. lupulus)"
],
"id": "en-lupus-la-noun-FdEyAc6K",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"hops",
"hops"
],
[
"H. lupulus",
"Humulus lupulus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) hops (H. lupulus)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlu.pus/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɫ̪ʊpʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlu.pus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈluːpus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hirpus"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"la:lupus"
],
"word": "lupus"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "lupo"
},
"expansion": "Italian: lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "luv"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: luv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: luv"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*lupus m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Latin/lupus",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Italo-Western-Romance",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wolf"
],
"id": "en-lupus-la-noun-92thuWLb",
"links": [
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
]
],
"tags": [
"Proto-Italo-Western-Romance",
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "lupus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin doublets",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms borrowed from Osco-Umbrian languages",
"Latin terms derived from Osco-Umbrian languages",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin terms with uncertain meaning",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Wolves"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to wish the impossible, literally: to wish to rescue a lamb from a wolf",
"word": "agnum lupō ēripere velle"
},
{
"word": "homō hominī lupus"
},
{
"word": "lupa"
},
{
"word": "lupārius"
},
{
"word": "lupātus"
},
{
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin"
],
"word": "lupellus"
},
{
"word": "Lupercus"
},
{
"word": "lupīnus"
},
{
"word": "Lupus"
},
{
"word": "lupulus"
},
{
"word": "lupus in fābulā"
},
{
"word": "lupus in sermōne"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "lupo"
},
"expansion": "Aragonese: lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aragonese: lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "lup",
"3": "lupu"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: lup, lupu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: lup, lupu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "llobu"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: llobu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: llobu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "llop"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: llop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: llop"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "lupu"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: lupu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: lupu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egl",
"2": "låuv"
},
"expansion": "Emilian: låuv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Emilian: låuv"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frp",
"2": "lop"
},
"expansion": "Franco-Provençal: lop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Franco-Provençal: lop"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "lôf"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: lôf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: lôf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruo",
"2": "lup"
},
"expansion": "Istro-Romanian: lup",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istro-Romanian: lup"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "lupo"
},
"expansion": "Italian: lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-leo",
"2": "llobu"
},
"expansion": "Leonese: llobu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Leonese: llobu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "lô"
},
"expansion": "Ligurian: lô",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ligurian: lô"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruq",
"2": "lup"
},
"expansion": "Megleno-Romanian: lup",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Megleno-Romanian: lup"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mwl",
"2": "lhobo"
},
"expansion": "Mirandese: lhobo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mirandese: lhobo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "lupo"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan: lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Neapolitan: lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "lop"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: lop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: lop"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "leu"
},
"expansion": "Old French: leu, lou, lu\nMiddle French: leu\n⇒ French: à la queue leu leu\n⇒ Middle French: loup\nFrench: loup\nHaitian Creole: lou\n⇒ Mauritian Creole: lulu\n⇒ Seychellois Creole: loulou\n→ English: loo; Loup",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old French: leu, lou, lu\nMiddle French: leu\n⇒ French: à la queue leu leu\n⇒ Middle French: loup\nFrench: loup\nHaitian Creole: lou\n⇒ Mauritian Creole: lulu\n⇒ Seychellois Creole: loulou\n→ English: loo; Loup"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "lobo"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: lobo\nGalician: lobo\nPortuguese: lobo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: lobo\nGalician: lobo\nPortuguese: lobo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Lombard:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lmo",
"2": "lov",
"3": "loff",
"4": "lóff"
},
"expansion": "Lombard: lov, loff, lóff",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombard: lov, loff, lóff"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-gis",
"2": "lupö",
"3": "lup’",
"4": "lupu"
},
"expansion": "Gallo-Italic of Sicily: lupö, lup’, lupu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gallo-Italic of Sicily: lupö, lup’, lupu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "luv"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: luv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: luv"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "lup"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: lup",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: lup"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "luf"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: luf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: luf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "lupu"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: lupu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: lupu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "lupu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: lupu\n→ Maltese: lupu",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: lupu\n→ Maltese: lupu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "lobo"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: lobo\n→ English: loafer, lobo, lofer, loper, lover\n→ Tagalog: lobo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: lobo\n→ English: loafer, lobo, lofer, loper, lover\n→ Tagalog: lobo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "lovo"
},
"expansion": "Venetan: lovo, lóvo, łovo, łóvo\n→ Italian: lovo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Venetan: lovo, lóvo, łovo, łóvo\n→ Italian: lovo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "leu"
},
"expansion": "Walloon: leu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Walloon: leu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "lupo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "lupo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Interlingua: lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Interlingua: lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "lup",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Volapük: lup",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Volapük: lup"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Lupus",
"3": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: Lupus, lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: Lupus, lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "lúpus",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: lúpus, lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: lúpus, lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "Lupus",
"3": "lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: Lupus, lupus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: Lupus, lupus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "Lupus",
"alt": "Lupus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Translingual: Lupus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "Anarhichas lupus",
"alt": "Anarhichas lupus",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Anarhichas lupus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Canis lupus",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Canis lupus",
"name": "taxfmt"
}
],
"text": "→ Translingual: Lupus; ⇒ Anarhichas lupus, Canis lupus"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*lukʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *lukʷos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wĺ̥kʷos",
"t": "wolf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/p/"
},
"expansion": "/p/",
"name": "ic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-sbl"
},
"expansion": "Osco-Umbrian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "λύκος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek λύκος (lúkos)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वृक"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit वृक (vṛka)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wulf"
},
"expansion": "Old English wulf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "влькъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic влькъ (vlĭkŭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "lycos",
"3": "Lycus"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of lycos and Lycus",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vulpēs",
"3": "",
"4": "fox"
},
"expansion": "Latin vulpēs (“fox”)",
"name": "nc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *lukʷos, from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”), with a metathesis of *wĺ̥- to *lú-. The shift of *kʷ to /p/ can be explained as a borrowing from an Osco-Umbrian language, where the change is regular. Another example of a borrowing with that shift is popīna.\nCognates include Ancient Greek λύκος (lúkos), Sanskrit वृक (vṛka), Old English wulf, and Old Church Slavonic влькъ (vlĭkŭ). Doublet of lycos and Lycus; not cognate to Latin vulpēs (“fox”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lupī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lupa",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lupus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lupī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lupus<2>",
"f": "lupa"
},
"expansion": "lupus m (genitive lupī, feminine lupa); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lupus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with usage examples",
"la:Zoology"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A man is a wolf to another man.",
"text": "Homō hominī lupus.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wolf (C. lupus)"
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"C. lupus",
"Canis lupus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) wolf (C. lupus)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"la:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf",
"pike (Esocidae)"
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"savage",
"savage"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"pike",
"pike"
],
[
"Esocidae",
"Esocidae#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf, particularly:",
"pike (Esocidae)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"la:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf",
"wolffish (Anarhichadidae)"
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"savage",
"savage"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"wolffish",
"wolffish"
],
[
"Anarhichadidae",
"Anarhichadidae#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf, particularly:",
"wolffish (Anarhichadidae)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"la:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf",
"an uncertain kind of spider"
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"savage",
"savage"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"uncertain",
"uncertain"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"spider",
"spider"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf, particularly:",
"an uncertain kind of spider"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"la:Carpentry"
],
"glosses": [
"a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth",
"a kind of bit"
],
"links": [
[
"carpentry",
"carpentry"
],
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"tooth",
"tooth"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"bit",
"bit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(carpentry) a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth, particularly:",
"a kind of bit"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"carpentry",
"construction",
"manufacturing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"la:Carpentry"
],
"glosses": [
"a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth",
"a kind of handsaw"
],
"links": [
[
"carpentry",
"carpentry"
],
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"tooth",
"tooth"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"handsaw",
"handsaw"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(carpentry) a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth, particularly:",
"a kind of handsaw"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"carpentry",
"construction",
"manufacturing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"la:Carpentry"
],
"glosses": [
"a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth",
"a kind of hook used for hoisting objects"
],
"links": [
[
"carpentry",
"carpentry"
],
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"tooth",
"tooth"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"hook",
"hook"
],
[
"use",
"use"
],
[
"hoist",
"hoist"
],
[
"object",
"object"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(carpentry) a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth, particularly:",
"a kind of hook used for hoisting objects"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"carpentry",
"construction",
"manufacturing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"la:Botany"
],
"glosses": [
"hops (H. lupulus)"
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"hops",
"hops"
],
[
"H. lupulus",
"Humulus lupulus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) hops (H. lupulus)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlu.pus/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɫ̪ʊpʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlu.pus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈluːpus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hirpus"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"la:lupus"
],
"word": "lupus"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "lupo"
},
"expansion": "Italian: lupo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: lupo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "luv"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: luv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: luv"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*lupus m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Latin/lupus",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Italo-Western-Romance"
],
"glosses": [
"wolf"
],
"links": [
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
]
],
"tags": [
"Proto-Italo-Western-Romance",
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "lupus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for lupus meaning in Latin (16.4kB)
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "lupus/Latin/noun: invalid uppercase tag Classical-Latin not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Latin 2-syllable words\", \"Latin doublets\", \"Latin entries with incorrect language header\", \"Latin lemmas\", \"Latin masculine nouns\", \"Latin masculine nouns in the second declension\", \"Latin nouns\", \"Latin second declension nouns\", \"Latin terms borrowed from Osco-Umbrian languages\", \"Latin terms derived from Osco-Umbrian languages\", \"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic\", \"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Latin terms with uncertain meaning\", \"Pages with 6 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"la:Wolves\"], \"derived\": [{\"english\": \"to wish the impossible, literally: to wish to rescue a lamb from a wolf\", \"word\": \"agnum lupō ēripere velle\"}, {\"word\": \"homō hominī lupus\"}, {\"word\": \"lupa\"}, {\"word\": \"lupārius\"}, {\"word\": \"lupātus\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Medieval-Latin\"], \"word\": \"lupellus\"}, {\"word\": \"Lupercus\"}, {\"word\": \"lupīnus\"}, {\"word\": \"Lupus\"}, {\"word\": \"lupulus\"}, {\"word\": \"lupus in fābulā\"}, {\"word\": \"lupus in sermōne\"}], \"descendants\": [{\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"an\", \"2\": \"lupo\"}, \"expansion\": \"Aragonese: lupo\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Aragonese: lupo\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"rup\", \"2\": \"lup\", \"3\": \"lupu\"}, \"expansion\": \"Aromanian: lup, lupu\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Aromanian: lup, lupu\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ast\", \"2\": \"llobu\"}, \"expansion\": \"Asturian: llobu\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Asturian: llobu\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ca\", \"2\": \"llop\"}, \"expansion\": \"Catalan: llop\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Catalan: llop\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"co\", \"2\": \"lupu\"}, \"expansion\": \"Corsican: lupu\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Corsican: lupu\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"egl\", \"2\": \"låuv\"}, \"expansion\": \"Emilian: låuv\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Emilian: låuv\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"frp\", \"2\": \"lop\"}, \"expansion\": \"Franco-Provençal: lop\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Franco-Provençal: lop\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"fur\", \"2\": \"lôf\"}, \"expansion\": \"Friulian: lôf\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Friulian: lôf\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ruo\", \"2\": \"lup\"}, \"expansion\": \"Istro-Romanian: lup\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Istro-Romanian: lup\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"it\", \"2\": \"lupo\"}, \"expansion\": \"Italian: lupo\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Italian: lupo\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"roa-leo\", \"2\": \"llobu\"}, \"expansion\": \"Leonese: llobu\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Leonese: llobu\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"lij\", \"2\": \"lô\"}, \"expansion\": \"Ligurian: lô\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Ligurian: lô\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ruq\", \"2\": \"lup\"}, \"expansion\": \"Megleno-Romanian: lup\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Megleno-Romanian: lup\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"mwl\", \"2\": \"lhobo\"}, \"expansion\": \"Mirandese: lhobo\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Mirandese: lhobo\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"nap\", \"2\": \"lupo\"}, \"expansion\": \"Neapolitan: lupo\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Neapolitan: lupo\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"oc\", \"2\": \"lop\"}, \"expansion\": \"Occitan: lop\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Occitan: lop\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"fro\", \"2\": \"leu\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French: leu, lou, lu\\nMiddle French: leu\\n⇒ French: à la queue leu leu\\n⇒ Middle French: loup\\nFrench: loup\\nHaitian Creole: lou\\n⇒ Mauritian Creole: lulu\\n⇒ Seychellois Creole: loulou\\n→ English: loo; Loup\", \"name\": \"desctree\"}], \"text\": \"Old French: leu, lou, lu\\nMiddle French: leu\\n⇒ French: à la queue leu leu\\n⇒ Middle French: loup\\nFrench: loup\\nHaitian Creole: lou\\n⇒ Mauritian Creole: lulu\\n⇒ Seychellois Creole: loulou\\n→ English: loo; Loup\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"roa-opt\", \"2\": \"lobo\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Galician-Portuguese: lobo\\nGalician: lobo\\nPortuguese: lobo\", \"name\": \"desctree\"}], \"text\": \"Old Galician-Portuguese: lobo\\nGalician: lobo\\nPortuguese: lobo\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [], \"text\": \"Old Lombard:\"}, {\"depth\": 2, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"lmo\", \"2\": \"lov\", \"3\": \"loff\", \"4\": \"lóff\"}, \"expansion\": \"Lombard: lov, loff, lóff\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Lombard: lov, loff, lóff\"}, {\"depth\": 2, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"roa-gis\", \"2\": \"lupö\", \"3\": \"lup’\", \"4\": \"lupu\"}, \"expansion\": \"Gallo-Italic of Sicily: lupö, lup’, lupu\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Gallo-Italic of Sicily: lupö, lup’, lupu\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"pms\", \"2\": \"luv\"}, \"expansion\": \"Piedmontese: luv\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Piedmontese: luv\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ro\", \"2\": \"lup\"}, \"expansion\": \"Romanian: lup\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Romanian: lup\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"rm\", \"2\": \"luf\"}, \"expansion\": \"Romansch: luf\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Romansch: luf\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"sc\", \"2\": \"lupu\"}, \"expansion\": \"Sardinian: lupu\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Sardinian: lupu\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"scn\", \"2\": \"lupu\"}, \"expansion\": \"Sicilian: lupu\\n→ Maltese: lupu\", \"name\": \"desctree\"}], \"text\": \"Sicilian: lupu\\n→ Maltese: lupu\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"es\", \"2\": \"lobo\"}, \"expansion\": \"Spanish: lobo\\n→ English: loafer, lobo, lofer, loper, lover\\n→ Tagalog: lobo\", \"name\": \"desctree\"}], \"text\": \"Spanish: lobo\\n→ English: loafer, lobo, lofer, loper, lover\\n→ Tagalog: lobo\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"vec\", \"2\": \"lovo\"}, \"expansion\": \"Venetan: lovo, lóvo, łovo, łóvo\\n→ Italian: lovo\", \"name\": \"desctree\"}], \"text\": \"Venetan: lovo, lóvo, łovo, łóvo\\n→ Italian: lovo\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"wa\", \"2\": \"leu\"}, \"expansion\": \"Walloon: leu\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Walloon: leu\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"eo\", \"2\": \"lupo\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Esperanto: lupo\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Esperanto: lupo\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ia\", \"2\": \"lupo\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Interlingua: lupo\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Interlingua: lupo\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"vo\", \"2\": \"lup\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Volapük: lup\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Volapük: lup\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ca\", \"2\": \"lupus\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Catalan: lupus\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Catalan: lupus\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"Lupus\", \"3\": \"lupus\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ English: Lupus, lupus\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ English: Lupus, lupus\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"fi\", \"2\": \"lupus\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Finnish: lupus\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Finnish: lupus\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"fr\", \"2\": \"lupus\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ French: lupus\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ French: lupus\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"gl\", \"2\": \"lupus\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Galician: lupus\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Galician: lupus\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"it\", \"2\": \"lupus\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Italian: lupus\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Italian: lupus\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"pt\", \"2\": \"lúpus\", \"alts\": \"1\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Portuguese: lúpus, lupo\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Portuguese: lúpus, lupo\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ro\", \"2\": \"lupus\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Romanian: lupus\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Romanian: lupus\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"es\", \"2\": \"Lupus\", \"3\": \"lupus\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Spanish: Lupus, lupus\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Spanish: Lupus, lupus\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"mul\", \"2\": \"Lupus\", \"alt\": \"Lupus\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Translingual: Lupus\", \"name\": \"desc\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"mul\", \"2\": \"Anarhichas lupus\", \"alt\": \"Anarhichas lupus\", \"der\": \"1\", \"nolb\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"⇒ Anarhichas lupus\", \"name\": \"desc\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Canis lupus\", \"2\": \"species\"}, \"expansion\": \"Canis lupus\", \"name\": \"taxfmt\"}], \"text\": \"→ Translingual: Lupus; ⇒ Anarhichas lupus, Canis lupus\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"itc-pro\", \"3\": \"*lukʷos\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Italic *lukʷos\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*wĺ̥kʷos\", \"t\": \"wolf\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"/p/\"}, \"expansion\": \"/p/\", \"name\": \"ic\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"itc-sbl\"}, \"expansion\": \"Osco-Umbrian\", \"name\": \"bor\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"grc\", \"2\": \"λύκος\"}, \"expansion\": \"Ancient Greek λύκος (lúkos)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sa\", \"2\": \"वृक\"}, \"expansion\": \"Sanskrit वृक (vṛka)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"wulf\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English wulf\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"cu\", \"2\": \"влькъ\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Church Slavonic влькъ (vlĭkŭ)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"lycos\", \"3\": \"Lycus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Doublet of lycos and Lycus\", \"name\": \"doublet\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"vulpēs\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"fox\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin vulpēs (“fox”)\", \"name\": \"nc\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Proto-Italic *lukʷos, from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”), with a metathesis of *wĺ̥- to *lú-. The shift of *kʷ to /p/ can be explained as a borrowing from an Osco-Umbrian language, where the change is regular. Another example of a borrowing with that shift is popīna.\\nCognates include Ancient Greek λύκος (lúkos), Sanskrit वृक (vṛka), Old English wulf, and Old Church Slavonic влькъ (vlĭkŭ). Doublet of lycos and Lycus; not cognate to Latin vulpēs (“fox”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"lupī\", \"tags\": [\"genitive\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupa\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"]}, {\"form\": \"no-table-tags\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"table-tags\"]}, {\"form\": \"la-ndecl\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"inflection-template\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupus\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"nominative\", \"singular\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupī\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"nominative\", \"plural\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupī\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"genitive\", \"singular\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupōrum\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"genitive\", \"plural\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupō\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"dative\", \"singular\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupīs\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"dative\", \"plural\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupum\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"accusative\", \"singular\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupōs\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"accusative\", \"plural\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupō\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"ablative\", \"singular\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupīs\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"ablative\", \"plural\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupe\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"singular\", \"vocative\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupī\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"plural\", \"vocative\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"lupus<2>\", \"f\": \"lupa\"}, \"expansion\": \"lupus m (genitive lupī, feminine lupa); second declension\", \"name\": \"la-noun\"}], \"inflection_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"lupus<2>\"}, \"name\": \"la-ndecl\"}], \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"lang_code\": \"la\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"Latin terms with usage examples\", \"la:Zoology\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"A man is a wolf to another man.\", \"text\": \"Homō hominī lupus.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"wolf (C. lupus)\"], \"links\": [[\"zoology\", \"zoology\"], [\"wolf\", \"wolf\"], [\"C. lupus\", \"Canis lupus\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(zoology) wolf (C. lupus)\"], \"tags\": [\"declension-2\", \"masculine\"], \"topics\": [\"biology\", \"natural-sciences\", \"zoology\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"la:Zoology\"], \"glosses\": [\"an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf\", \"pike (Esocidae)\"], \"links\": [[\"zoology\", \"zoology\"], [\"animal\", \"animal\"], [\"act\", \"act\"], [\"savage\", \"savage\"], [\"manner\", \"manner\"], [\"wolf\", \"wolf\"], [\"particularly\", \"particularly\"], [\"pike\", \"pike\"], [\"Esocidae\", \"Esocidae#Translingual\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(zoology) an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf, particularly:\", \"pike (Esocidae)\"], \"tags\": [\"declension-2\", \"masculine\"], \"topics\": [\"biology\", \"natural-sciences\", \"zoology\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"la:Zoology\"], \"glosses\": [\"an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf\", \"wolffish (Anarhichadidae)\"], \"links\": [[\"zoology\", \"zoology\"], [\"animal\", \"animal\"], [\"act\", \"act\"], [\"savage\", \"savage\"], [\"manner\", \"manner\"], [\"wolf\", \"wolf\"], [\"particularly\", \"particularly\"], [\"wolffish\", \"wolffish\"], [\"Anarhichadidae\", \"Anarhichadidae#Translingual\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(zoology) an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf, particularly:\", \"wolffish (Anarhichadidae)\"], \"tags\": [\"declension-2\", \"masculine\"], \"topics\": [\"biology\", \"natural-sciences\", \"zoology\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"la:Zoology\"], \"glosses\": [\"an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf\", \"an uncertain kind of spider\"], \"links\": [[\"zoology\", \"zoology\"], [\"animal\", \"animal\"], [\"act\", \"act\"], [\"savage\", \"savage\"], [\"manner\", \"manner\"], [\"wolf\", \"wolf\"], [\"particularly\", \"particularly\"], [\"uncertain\", \"uncertain\"], [\"kind\", \"kind\"], [\"spider\", \"spider\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(zoology) an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf, particularly:\", \"an uncertain kind of spider\"], \"tags\": [\"declension-2\", \"masculine\"], \"topics\": [\"biology\", \"natural-sciences\", \"zoology\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"la:Carpentry\"], \"glosses\": [\"a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth\", \"a kind of bit\"], \"links\": [[\"carpentry\", \"carpentry\"], [\"tool\", \"tool\"], [\"shape\", \"shape\"], [\"wolf\", \"wolf\"], [\"tooth\", \"tooth\"], [\"particularly\", \"particularly\"], [\"kind\", \"kind\"], [\"bit\", \"bit\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(carpentry) a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth, particularly:\", \"a kind of bit\"], \"tags\": [\"declension-2\", \"masculine\"], \"topics\": [\"business\", \"carpentry\", \"construction\", \"manufacturing\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"la:Carpentry\"], \"glosses\": [\"a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth\", \"a kind of handsaw\"], \"links\": [[\"carpentry\", \"carpentry\"], [\"tool\", \"tool\"], [\"shape\", \"shape\"], [\"wolf\", \"wolf\"], [\"tooth\", \"tooth\"], [\"particularly\", \"particularly\"], [\"kind\", \"kind\"], [\"handsaw\", \"handsaw\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(carpentry) a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth, particularly:\", \"a kind of handsaw\"], \"tags\": [\"declension-2\", \"masculine\"], \"topics\": [\"business\", \"carpentry\", \"construction\", \"manufacturing\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"la:Carpentry\"], \"glosses\": [\"a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth\", \"a kind of hook used for hoisting objects\"], \"links\": [[\"carpentry\", \"carpentry\"], [\"tool\", \"tool\"], [\"shape\", \"shape\"], [\"wolf\", \"wolf\"], [\"tooth\", \"tooth\"], [\"particularly\", \"particularly\"], [\"kind\", \"kind\"], [\"hook\", \"hook\"], [\"use\", \"use\"], [\"hoist\", \"hoist\"], [\"object\", \"object\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(carpentry) a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth, particularly:\", \"a kind of hook used for hoisting objects\"], \"tags\": [\"declension-2\", \"masculine\"], \"topics\": [\"business\", \"carpentry\", \"construction\", \"manufacturing\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"la:Botany\"], \"glosses\": [\"hops (H. lupulus)\"], \"links\": [[\"botany\", \"botany\"], [\"hops\", \"hops\"], [\"H. lupulus\", \"Humulus lupulus\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(botany) hops (H. lupulus)\"], \"tags\": [\"declension-2\", \"masculine\"], \"topics\": [\"biology\", \"botany\", \"natural-sciences\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈlu.pus/\", \"tags\": [\"Classical-Latin\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"[ˈɫ̪ʊpʊs̠]\", \"tags\": [\"Classical-Latin\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlu.pus/\", \"note\": \"modern Italianate Ecclesiastical\"}, {\"ipa\": \"[ˈluːpus]\", \"note\": \"modern Italianate Ecclesiastical\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"hirpus\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"la:lupus\"], \"word\": \"lupus\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Latin",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "lupus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "lupus/Latin/noun: invalid uppercase tag Classical-Latin not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Latin 2-syllable words\", \"Latin doublets\", \"Latin entries with incorrect language header\", \"Latin lemmas\", \"Latin masculine nouns\", \"Latin masculine nouns in the second declension\", \"Latin nouns\", \"Latin second declension nouns\", \"Latin terms borrowed from Osco-Umbrian languages\", \"Latin terms derived from Osco-Umbrian languages\", \"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic\", \"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Latin terms with uncertain meaning\", \"Pages with 6 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"la:Wolves\"], \"derived\": [{\"english\": \"to wish the impossible, literally: to wish to rescue a lamb from a wolf\", \"word\": \"agnum lupō ēripere velle\"}, {\"word\": \"homō hominī lupus\"}, {\"word\": \"lupa\"}, {\"word\": \"lupārius\"}, {\"word\": \"lupātus\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Medieval-Latin\"], \"word\": \"lupellus\"}, {\"word\": \"Lupercus\"}, {\"word\": \"lupīnus\"}, {\"word\": \"Lupus\"}, {\"word\": \"lupulus\"}, {\"word\": \"lupus in fābulā\"}, {\"word\": \"lupus in sermōne\"}], \"descendants\": [{\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"an\", \"2\": \"lupo\"}, \"expansion\": \"Aragonese: lupo\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Aragonese: lupo\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"rup\", \"2\": \"lup\", \"3\": \"lupu\"}, \"expansion\": \"Aromanian: lup, lupu\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Aromanian: lup, lupu\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ast\", \"2\": \"llobu\"}, \"expansion\": \"Asturian: llobu\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Asturian: llobu\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ca\", \"2\": \"llop\"}, \"expansion\": \"Catalan: llop\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Catalan: llop\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"co\", \"2\": \"lupu\"}, \"expansion\": \"Corsican: lupu\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Corsican: lupu\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"egl\", \"2\": \"låuv\"}, \"expansion\": \"Emilian: låuv\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Emilian: låuv\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"frp\", \"2\": \"lop\"}, \"expansion\": \"Franco-Provençal: lop\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Franco-Provençal: lop\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"fur\", \"2\": \"lôf\"}, \"expansion\": \"Friulian: lôf\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Friulian: lôf\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ruo\", \"2\": \"lup\"}, \"expansion\": \"Istro-Romanian: lup\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Istro-Romanian: lup\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"it\", \"2\": \"lupo\"}, \"expansion\": \"Italian: lupo\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Italian: lupo\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"roa-leo\", \"2\": \"llobu\"}, \"expansion\": \"Leonese: llobu\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Leonese: llobu\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"lij\", \"2\": \"lô\"}, \"expansion\": \"Ligurian: lô\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Ligurian: lô\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ruq\", \"2\": \"lup\"}, \"expansion\": \"Megleno-Romanian: lup\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Megleno-Romanian: lup\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"mwl\", \"2\": \"lhobo\"}, \"expansion\": \"Mirandese: lhobo\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Mirandese: lhobo\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"nap\", \"2\": \"lupo\"}, \"expansion\": \"Neapolitan: lupo\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Neapolitan: lupo\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"oc\", \"2\": \"lop\"}, \"expansion\": \"Occitan: lop\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Occitan: lop\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"fro\", \"2\": \"leu\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French: leu, lou, lu\\nMiddle French: leu\\n⇒ French: à la queue leu leu\\n⇒ Middle French: loup\\nFrench: loup\\nHaitian Creole: lou\\n⇒ Mauritian Creole: lulu\\n⇒ Seychellois Creole: loulou\\n→ English: loo; Loup\", \"name\": \"desctree\"}], \"text\": \"Old French: leu, lou, lu\\nMiddle French: leu\\n⇒ French: à la queue leu leu\\n⇒ Middle French: loup\\nFrench: loup\\nHaitian Creole: lou\\n⇒ Mauritian Creole: lulu\\n⇒ Seychellois Creole: loulou\\n→ English: loo; Loup\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"roa-opt\", \"2\": \"lobo\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Galician-Portuguese: lobo\\nGalician: lobo\\nPortuguese: lobo\", \"name\": \"desctree\"}], \"text\": \"Old Galician-Portuguese: lobo\\nGalician: lobo\\nPortuguese: lobo\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [], \"text\": \"Old Lombard:\"}, {\"depth\": 2, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"lmo\", \"2\": \"lov\", \"3\": \"loff\", \"4\": \"lóff\"}, \"expansion\": \"Lombard: lov, loff, lóff\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Lombard: lov, loff, lóff\"}, {\"depth\": 2, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"roa-gis\", \"2\": \"lupö\", \"3\": \"lup’\", \"4\": \"lupu\"}, \"expansion\": \"Gallo-Italic of Sicily: lupö, lup’, lupu\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Gallo-Italic of Sicily: lupö, lup’, lupu\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"pms\", \"2\": \"luv\"}, \"expansion\": \"Piedmontese: luv\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Piedmontese: luv\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ro\", \"2\": \"lup\"}, \"expansion\": \"Romanian: lup\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Romanian: lup\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"rm\", \"2\": \"luf\"}, \"expansion\": \"Romansch: luf\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Romansch: luf\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"sc\", \"2\": \"lupu\"}, \"expansion\": \"Sardinian: lupu\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Sardinian: lupu\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"scn\", \"2\": \"lupu\"}, \"expansion\": \"Sicilian: lupu\\n→ Maltese: lupu\", \"name\": \"desctree\"}], \"text\": \"Sicilian: lupu\\n→ Maltese: lupu\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"es\", \"2\": \"lobo\"}, \"expansion\": \"Spanish: lobo\\n→ English: loafer, lobo, lofer, loper, lover\\n→ Tagalog: lobo\", \"name\": \"desctree\"}], \"text\": \"Spanish: lobo\\n→ English: loafer, lobo, lofer, loper, lover\\n→ Tagalog: lobo\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"vec\", \"2\": \"lovo\"}, \"expansion\": \"Venetan: lovo, lóvo, łovo, łóvo\\n→ Italian: lovo\", \"name\": \"desctree\"}], \"text\": \"Venetan: lovo, lóvo, łovo, łóvo\\n→ Italian: lovo\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"wa\", \"2\": \"leu\"}, \"expansion\": \"Walloon: leu\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"Walloon: leu\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"eo\", \"2\": \"lupo\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Esperanto: lupo\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Esperanto: lupo\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ia\", \"2\": \"lupo\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Interlingua: lupo\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Interlingua: lupo\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"vo\", \"2\": \"lup\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Volapük: lup\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Volapük: lup\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ca\", \"2\": \"lupus\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Catalan: lupus\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Catalan: lupus\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"Lupus\", \"3\": \"lupus\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ English: Lupus, lupus\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ English: Lupus, lupus\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"fi\", \"2\": \"lupus\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Finnish: lupus\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Finnish: lupus\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"fr\", \"2\": \"lupus\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ French: lupus\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ French: lupus\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"gl\", \"2\": \"lupus\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Galician: lupus\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Galician: lupus\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"it\", \"2\": \"lupus\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Italian: lupus\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Italian: lupus\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"pt\", \"2\": \"lúpus\", \"alts\": \"1\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Portuguese: lúpus, lupo\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Portuguese: lúpus, lupo\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ro\", \"2\": \"lupus\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Romanian: lupus\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Romanian: lupus\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"es\", \"2\": \"Lupus\", \"3\": \"lupus\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Spanish: Lupus, lupus\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Spanish: Lupus, lupus\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"mul\", \"2\": \"Lupus\", \"alt\": \"Lupus\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Translingual: Lupus\", \"name\": \"desc\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"mul\", \"2\": \"Anarhichas lupus\", \"alt\": \"Anarhichas lupus\", \"der\": \"1\", \"nolb\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"⇒ Anarhichas lupus\", \"name\": \"desc\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Canis lupus\", \"2\": \"species\"}, \"expansion\": \"Canis lupus\", \"name\": \"taxfmt\"}], \"text\": \"→ Translingual: Lupus; ⇒ Anarhichas lupus, Canis lupus\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"itc-pro\", \"3\": \"*lukʷos\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Italic *lukʷos\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*wĺ̥kʷos\", \"t\": \"wolf\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"/p/\"}, \"expansion\": \"/p/\", \"name\": \"ic\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"itc-sbl\"}, \"expansion\": \"Osco-Umbrian\", \"name\": \"bor\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"grc\", \"2\": \"λύκος\"}, \"expansion\": \"Ancient Greek λύκος (lúkos)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sa\", \"2\": \"वृक\"}, \"expansion\": \"Sanskrit वृक (vṛka)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"wulf\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English wulf\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"cu\", \"2\": \"влькъ\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Church Slavonic влькъ (vlĭkŭ)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"lycos\", \"3\": \"Lycus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Doublet of lycos and Lycus\", \"name\": \"doublet\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"vulpēs\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"fox\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin vulpēs (“fox”)\", \"name\": \"nc\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Proto-Italic *lukʷos, from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”), with a metathesis of *wĺ̥- to *lú-. The shift of *kʷ to /p/ can be explained as a borrowing from an Osco-Umbrian language, where the change is regular. Another example of a borrowing with that shift is popīna.\\nCognates include Ancient Greek λύκος (lúkos), Sanskrit वृक (vṛka), Old English wulf, and Old Church Slavonic влькъ (vlĭkŭ). Doublet of lycos and Lycus; not cognate to Latin vulpēs (“fox”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"lupī\", \"tags\": [\"genitive\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupa\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"]}, {\"form\": \"no-table-tags\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"table-tags\"]}, {\"form\": \"la-ndecl\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"inflection-template\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupus\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"nominative\", \"singular\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupī\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"nominative\", \"plural\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupī\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"genitive\", \"singular\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupōrum\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"genitive\", \"plural\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupō\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"dative\", \"singular\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupīs\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"dative\", \"plural\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupum\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"accusative\", \"singular\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupōs\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"accusative\", \"plural\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupō\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"ablative\", \"singular\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupīs\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"ablative\", \"plural\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupe\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"singular\", \"vocative\"]}, {\"form\": \"lupī\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"plural\", \"vocative\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"lupus<2>\", \"f\": \"lupa\"}, \"expansion\": \"lupus m (genitive lupī, feminine lupa); second declension\", \"name\": \"la-noun\"}], \"inflection_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"lupus<2>\"}, \"name\": \"la-ndecl\"}], \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"lang_code\": \"la\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"Latin terms with usage examples\", \"la:Zoology\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"A man is a wolf to another man.\", \"text\": \"Homō hominī lupus.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"wolf (C. lupus)\"], \"links\": [[\"zoology\", \"zoology\"], [\"wolf\", \"wolf\"], [\"C. lupus\", \"Canis lupus\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(zoology) wolf (C. lupus)\"], \"tags\": [\"declension-2\", \"masculine\"], \"topics\": [\"biology\", \"natural-sciences\", \"zoology\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"la:Zoology\"], \"glosses\": [\"an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf\", \"pike (Esocidae)\"], \"links\": [[\"zoology\", \"zoology\"], [\"animal\", \"animal\"], [\"act\", \"act\"], [\"savage\", \"savage\"], [\"manner\", \"manner\"], [\"wolf\", \"wolf\"], [\"particularly\", \"particularly\"], [\"pike\", \"pike\"], [\"Esocidae\", \"Esocidae#Translingual\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(zoology) an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf, particularly:\", \"pike (Esocidae)\"], \"tags\": [\"declension-2\", \"masculine\"], \"topics\": [\"biology\", \"natural-sciences\", \"zoology\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"la:Zoology\"], \"glosses\": [\"an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf\", \"wolffish (Anarhichadidae)\"], \"links\": [[\"zoology\", \"zoology\"], [\"animal\", \"animal\"], [\"act\", \"act\"], [\"savage\", \"savage\"], [\"manner\", \"manner\"], [\"wolf\", \"wolf\"], [\"particularly\", \"particularly\"], [\"wolffish\", \"wolffish\"], [\"Anarhichadidae\", \"Anarhichadidae#Translingual\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(zoology) an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf, particularly:\", \"wolffish (Anarhichadidae)\"], \"tags\": [\"declension-2\", \"masculine\"], \"topics\": [\"biology\", \"natural-sciences\", \"zoology\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"la:Zoology\"], \"glosses\": [\"an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf\", \"an uncertain kind of spider\"], \"links\": [[\"zoology\", \"zoology\"], [\"animal\", \"animal\"], [\"act\", \"act\"], [\"savage\", \"savage\"], [\"manner\", \"manner\"], [\"wolf\", \"wolf\"], [\"particularly\", \"particularly\"], [\"uncertain\", \"uncertain\"], [\"kind\", \"kind\"], [\"spider\", \"spider\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(zoology) an animal which acts in the savage manner of a wolf, particularly:\", \"an uncertain kind of spider\"], \"tags\": [\"declension-2\", \"masculine\"], \"topics\": [\"biology\", \"natural-sciences\", \"zoology\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"la:Carpentry\"], \"glosses\": [\"a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth\", \"a kind of bit\"], \"links\": [[\"carpentry\", \"carpentry\"], [\"tool\", \"tool\"], [\"shape\", \"shape\"], [\"wolf\", \"wolf\"], [\"tooth\", \"tooth\"], [\"particularly\", \"particularly\"], [\"kind\", \"kind\"], [\"bit\", \"bit\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(carpentry) a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth, particularly:\", \"a kind of bit\"], \"tags\": [\"declension-2\", \"masculine\"], \"topics\": [\"business\", \"carpentry\", \"construction\", \"manufacturing\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"la:Carpentry\"], \"glosses\": [\"a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth\", \"a kind of handsaw\"], \"links\": [[\"carpentry\", \"carpentry\"], [\"tool\", \"tool\"], [\"shape\", \"shape\"], [\"wolf\", \"wolf\"], [\"tooth\", \"tooth\"], [\"particularly\", \"particularly\"], [\"kind\", \"kind\"], [\"handsaw\", \"handsaw\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(carpentry) a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth, particularly:\", \"a kind of handsaw\"], \"tags\": [\"declension-2\", \"masculine\"], \"topics\": [\"business\", \"carpentry\", \"construction\", \"manufacturing\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"la:Carpentry\"], \"glosses\": [\"a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth\", \"a kind of hook used for hoisting objects\"], \"links\": [[\"carpentry\", \"carpentry\"], [\"tool\", \"tool\"], [\"shape\", \"shape\"], [\"wolf\", \"wolf\"], [\"tooth\", \"tooth\"], [\"particularly\", \"particularly\"], [\"kind\", \"kind\"], [\"hook\", \"hook\"], [\"use\", \"use\"], [\"hoist\", \"hoist\"], [\"object\", \"object\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(carpentry) a tool which is shaped like a wolf's tooth, particularly:\", \"a kind of hook used for hoisting objects\"], \"tags\": [\"declension-2\", \"masculine\"], \"topics\": [\"business\", \"carpentry\", \"construction\", \"manufacturing\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"la:Botany\"], \"glosses\": [\"hops (H. lupulus)\"], \"links\": [[\"botany\", \"botany\"], [\"hops\", \"hops\"], [\"H. lupulus\", \"Humulus lupulus\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(botany) hops (H. lupulus)\"], \"tags\": [\"declension-2\", \"masculine\"], \"topics\": [\"biology\", \"botany\", \"natural-sciences\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈlu.pus/\", \"tags\": [\"Classical-Latin\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"[ˈɫ̪ʊpʊs̠]\", \"tags\": [\"Classical-Latin\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlu.pus/\", \"note\": \"modern Italianate Ecclesiastical\"}, {\"ipa\": \"[ˈluːpus]\", \"note\": \"modern Italianate Ecclesiastical\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"hirpus\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"la:lupus\"], \"word\": \"lupus\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Latin",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "lupus",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.