See lup on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for lup meaning in All languages combined (16.6kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus"
},
"expansion": "Latin lupus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*lukʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *lukʷos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wĺ̥kʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "lup"
},
"expansion": "Romanian lup",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin lupus, from an Osco-Umbrian language, from Proto-Italic *lukʷos, metathesis of Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos. Compare Romanian lup.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "luchi",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "equivalent lupoanji",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "lupoanje",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "lupã",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "lup m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Aromanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Aromanian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "rup",
"name": "Mammals",
"orig": "rup:Mammals",
"parents": [
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "lupsã"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wolf"
],
"id": "en-lup-rup-noun-92thuWLb",
"links": [
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lupu"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "lup"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*lupъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *lupъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*lupъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lupъ",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lupъ.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "lup m inan",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plunder, spoil"
],
"id": "en-lup-cs-noun-MIJNcRSX",
"links": [
[
"plunder",
"plunder"
],
[
"spoil",
"spoil"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "loupit"
},
{
"word": "lupič"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈlup]"
}
],
"word": "lup"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ett",
"2": "romanization"
},
"expansion": "lup",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Etruscan",
"lang_code": "ett",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "𐌋𐌖𐌐"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Etruscan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Etruscan romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Etruscan terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of 𐌋𐌖𐌐"
],
"id": "en-lup-ett-romanization-bGkFDHZq",
"links": [
[
"𐌋𐌖𐌐",
"𐌋𐌖𐌐#Etruscan"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "lup"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "nl",
"3": "loep",
"t": "magnifying glass"
},
"expansion": "Dutch loep (“magnifying glass”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "fr",
"3": "loupe",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "French loupe",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "fro",
"3": "loupe",
"4": "",
"5": "sapphire lens, imperfect gem, mass of hot metal"
},
"expansion": "Old French loupe (“sapphire lens, imperfect gem, mass of hot metal”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*luppa",
"4": "",
"5": "something pendulous"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *luppa (“something pendulous”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*lubbǭ",
"4": "",
"5": "that which hangs or dangles"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lubbǭ (“that which hangs or dangles”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lep-",
"4": "",
"5": "to peel, skin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lep- (“to peel, skin”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch loep (“magnifying glass”), from French loupe, from Old French loupe (“sapphire lens, imperfect gem, mass of hot metal”), from Frankish *luppa (“something pendulous”), from Proto-Germanic *lubbǭ (“that which hangs or dangles”), *lub- (“to peel, hang”), from Proto-Indo-European *lep- (“to peel, skin”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lup-lup",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "lupmu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lupnya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "",
"pl": "duplication"
},
"expansion": "lup (plural lup-lup, first-person possessive lupku, second-person possessive lupmu, third-person possessive lupnya)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lup"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "id",
"name": "Optics",
"orig": "id:Optics",
"parents": [
"Physics",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"magnifying glass."
],
"id": "en-lup-id-noun-xJRkI~Uy",
"links": [
[
"optics",
"optics"
],
[
"magnifying glass",
"magnifying glass#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(optics) magnifying glass."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kaca pembesar"
},
{
"word": "suryakanta"
}
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"optics",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
],
"wikipedia": [
"id:lup"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈlʊp̚]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-lʊp"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊp"
},
{
"rhymes": "-p"
}
],
"word": "lup"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruo",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus"
},
"expansion": "Latin lupus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ruo",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*lukʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *lukʷos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ruo",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wĺ̥kʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin lupus, from an Osco-Umbrian language, from Proto-Italic *lukʷos, metathesis of Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lupi",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupu",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruo",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "lupi",
"5": "definite singular",
"6": "lupu",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "lup m (plural lupi, definite singular lupu)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Istro-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Istro-Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wolf"
],
"id": "en-lup-ruo-noun-92thuWLb",
"links": [
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[lup]"
}
],
"word": "lup"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruq",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus"
},
"expansion": "Latin lupus",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin lupus.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruq",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "lup m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Megleno-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruq",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Megleno-Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wolf"
],
"id": "en-lup-ruq-noun-92thuWLb",
"links": [
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "lup"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "lup f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lup"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "lupa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of lupa"
],
"id": "en-lup-pl-noun-fEj7CIMx",
"links": [
[
"lupa",
"lupa#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lup/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-up"
},
{
"homophone": "lub"
}
],
"word": "lup"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin lupus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin lupus",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*lukʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *lukʷos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wĺ̥kʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin lupus, from an Osco-Umbrian language, from Proto-Italic *lukʷos, metathesis of Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lupi",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lup",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "un lup",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niște lupi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lup",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "unui lup",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "unor lupi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lupilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "lupi"
},
"expansion": "lup m (plural lupi)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lup"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"gpd": "lupilor",
"gpi": "lupi",
"gsd": "lupului",
"gsi": "lup",
"n": "",
"npd": "lupii",
"npi": "lupi",
"nsd": "lupul",
"nsi": "lup",
"vp": "lupilor",
"vs": "lupule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "ro",
"name": "Canids",
"orig": "ro:Canids",
"parents": [
"Carnivores",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wolf"
],
"id": "en-lup-ro-noun-92thuWLb",
"links": [
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "lupan"
},
{
"word": "lupare"
},
{
"word": "lupărie"
},
{
"word": "lupei"
},
{
"word": "lupesc"
},
{
"word": "lupoaică"
},
{
"word": "lupoaie"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "post-1930s Cyrillic spelling",
"roman": "lup",
"word": "луп"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlup/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-up"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Filosoful-lup.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b8/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-lup.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-lup.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b8/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-lup.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-lup.wav.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Andreea Teodoraa-lup.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-lup.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-lup.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-lup.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-lup.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "lup"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus"
},
"expansion": "Latin lupus",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lupus (lupus > lup; cf. French: loup, Italian: lupo, Esperanto: lupo).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lups",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "vo-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lup",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lups",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "o lup!",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "o lups!",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lupu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"predicative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "noun",
"3": "nominative plural",
"4": "lups",
"f1accel-form": "nom|p",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "lup (nominative plural lups)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lup (nominative plural lups)",
"name": "vo-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "vo-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Volapük",
"lang_code": "vo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Volapük entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Volapük entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "vo",
"name": "Animals",
"orig": "vo:Animals",
"parents": [
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "vo",
"name": "Canids",
"orig": "vo:Canids",
"parents": [
"Carnivores",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "vo",
"name": "Mammals",
"orig": "vo:Mammals",
"parents": [
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "lupadog"
},
{
"word": "lupik"
},
{
"word": "lupiknibaträp"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wolf (family Canidae)"
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "follögaf"
},
{
"word": "nim"
},
{
"word": "sügaf"
},
{
"word": "süganim"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"english": "he-wolf",
"word": "hilup"
},
{
"english": "she-wolf",
"word": "jilup"
},
{
"word": "lelup"
},
{
"word": "lupil"
},
{
"english": "wolf cub",
"word": "lupül"
}
],
"id": "en-lup-vo-noun-PmOC7Fve",
"links": [
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"Canidae",
"Canidae#Translingual"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "bear",
"word": "ber"
},
{
"english": "dog",
"word": "dog"
},
{
"english": "cat",
"word": "kat"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "older term",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "ludog"
}
]
}
],
"word": "lup"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "lupsã"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus"
},
"expansion": "Latin lupus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*lukʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *lukʷos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wĺ̥kʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "lup"
},
"expansion": "Romanian lup",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin lupus, from an Osco-Umbrian language, from Proto-Italic *lukʷos, metathesis of Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos. Compare Romanian lup.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "luchi",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "equivalent lupoanji",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "lupoanje",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "lupã",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "lup m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Aromanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Aromanian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Aromanian lemmas",
"Aromanian masculine nouns",
"Aromanian nouns",
"Aromanian terms derived from Latin",
"Aromanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Aromanian terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Aromanian terms inherited from Latin",
"rup:Mammals"
],
"glosses": [
"wolf"
],
"links": [
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lupu"
}
],
"word": "lup"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*lupъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *lupъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*lupъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lupъ",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lupъ.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "lup m inan",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "loupit"
},
{
"word": "lupič"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech inanimate nouns",
"Czech lemmas",
"Czech masculine nouns",
"Czech nouns",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"plunder, spoil"
],
"links": [
[
"plunder",
"plunder"
],
[
"spoil",
"spoil"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈlup]"
}
],
"word": "lup"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ett",
"2": "romanization"
},
"expansion": "lup",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Etruscan",
"lang_code": "ett",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "𐌋𐌖𐌐"
}
],
"categories": [
"Etruscan entries with incorrect language header",
"Etruscan non-lemma forms",
"Etruscan romanizations",
"Etruscan terms in nonstandard scripts"
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of 𐌋𐌖𐌐"
],
"links": [
[
"𐌋𐌖𐌐",
"𐌋𐌖𐌐#Etruscan"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "lup"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "nl",
"3": "loep",
"t": "magnifying glass"
},
"expansion": "Dutch loep (“magnifying glass”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "fr",
"3": "loupe",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "French loupe",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "fro",
"3": "loupe",
"4": "",
"5": "sapphire lens, imperfect gem, mass of hot metal"
},
"expansion": "Old French loupe (“sapphire lens, imperfect gem, mass of hot metal”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*luppa",
"4": "",
"5": "something pendulous"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *luppa (“something pendulous”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*lubbǭ",
"4": "",
"5": "that which hangs or dangles"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lubbǭ (“that which hangs or dangles”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lep-",
"4": "",
"5": "to peel, skin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lep- (“to peel, skin”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch loep (“magnifying glass”), from French loupe, from Old French loupe (“sapphire lens, imperfect gem, mass of hot metal”), from Frankish *luppa (“something pendulous”), from Proto-Germanic *lubbǭ (“that which hangs or dangles”), *lub- (“to peel, hang”), from Proto-Indo-European *lep- (“to peel, skin”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lup-lup",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "lupmu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lupnya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "",
"pl": "duplication"
},
"expansion": "lup (plural lup-lup, first-person possessive lupku, second-person possessive lupmu, third-person possessive lupnya)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lup"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian terms borrowed from Dutch",
"Indonesian terms derived from Dutch",
"Indonesian terms derived from Frankish",
"Indonesian terms derived from French",
"Indonesian terms derived from Old French",
"Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/lʊp",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/lʊp/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/p",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/p/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/ʊp",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/ʊp/1 syllable",
"id:Optics"
],
"glosses": [
"magnifying glass."
],
"links": [
[
"optics",
"optics"
],
[
"magnifying glass",
"magnifying glass#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(optics) magnifying glass."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kaca pembesar"
},
{
"word": "suryakanta"
}
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"optics",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
],
"wikipedia": [
"id:lup"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈlʊp̚]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-lʊp"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊp"
},
{
"rhymes": "-p"
}
],
"word": "lup"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruo",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus"
},
"expansion": "Latin lupus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ruo",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*lukʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *lukʷos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ruo",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wĺ̥kʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin lupus, from an Osco-Umbrian language, from Proto-Italic *lukʷos, metathesis of Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lupi",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupu",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruo",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "lupi",
"5": "definite singular",
"6": "lupu",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "lup m (plural lupi, definite singular lupu)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Istro-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Istro-Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Istro-Romanian lemmas",
"Istro-Romanian masculine nouns",
"Istro-Romanian nouns",
"Istro-Romanian terms derived from Latin",
"Istro-Romanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Istro-Romanian terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Istro-Romanian terms inherited from Latin",
"Istro-Romanian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"wolf"
],
"links": [
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[lup]"
}
],
"word": "lup"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruq",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus"
},
"expansion": "Latin lupus",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin lupus.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruq",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "lup m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Megleno-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruq",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Megleno-Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Megleno-Romanian lemmas",
"Megleno-Romanian masculine nouns",
"Megleno-Romanian nouns",
"Megleno-Romanian terms derived from Latin",
"Megleno-Romanian terms inherited from Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"wolf"
],
"links": [
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "lup"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "lup f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lup"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/up",
"Rhymes:Polish/up/1 syllable"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "lupa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of lupa"
],
"links": [
[
"lupa",
"lupa#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lup/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-up"
},
{
"homophone": "lub"
}
],
"word": "lup"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin lupus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin lupus",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*lukʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *lukʷos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wĺ̥kʷos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin lupus, from an Osco-Umbrian language, from Proto-Italic *lukʷos, metathesis of Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lupi",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lup",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "un lup",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niște lupi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lup",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "unui lup",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "unor lupi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lupilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "lupi"
},
"expansion": "lup m (plural lupi)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lup"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"gpd": "lupilor",
"gpi": "lupi",
"gsd": "lupului",
"gsi": "lup",
"n": "",
"npd": "lupii",
"npi": "lupi",
"nsd": "lupul",
"nsi": "lup",
"vp": "lupilor",
"vs": "lupule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "lupan"
},
{
"word": "lupare"
},
{
"word": "lupărie"
},
{
"word": "lupei"
},
{
"word": "lupesc"
},
{
"word": "lupoaică"
},
{
"word": "lupoaie"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Rhymes:Romanian/up",
"Rhymes:Romanian/up/1 syllable",
"Romanian countable nouns",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian masculine nouns",
"Romanian nouns",
"Romanian terms derived from Latin",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Romanian terms inherited from Latin",
"Romanian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Romanian terms with audio links",
"ro:Canids"
],
"glosses": [
"wolf"
],
"links": [
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlup/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-up"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Filosoful-lup.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b8/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-lup.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-lup.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b8/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-lup.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-lup.wav.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Andreea Teodoraa-lup.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-lup.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-lup.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-lup.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-lup.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "post-1930s Cyrillic spelling",
"roman": "lup",
"word": "луп"
}
],
"word": "lup"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "lupadog"
},
{
"word": "lupik"
},
{
"word": "lupiknibaträp"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "la",
"3": "lupus"
},
"expansion": "Latin lupus",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin lupus (lupus > lup; cf. French: loup, Italian: lupo, Esperanto: lupo).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lups",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "vo-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lup",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lups",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lupi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "o lup!",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "o lups!",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lupu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lupus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"predicative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "noun",
"3": "nominative plural",
"4": "lups",
"f1accel-form": "nom|p",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "lup (nominative plural lups)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lup (nominative plural lups)",
"name": "vo-noun"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "follögaf"
},
{
"word": "nim"
},
{
"word": "sügaf"
},
{
"word": "süganim"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"english": "he-wolf",
"word": "hilup"
},
{
"english": "she-wolf",
"word": "jilup"
},
{
"word": "lelup"
},
{
"word": "lupil"
},
{
"english": "wolf cub",
"word": "lupül"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "vo-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Volapük",
"lang_code": "vo",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "bear",
"word": "ber"
},
{
"english": "dog",
"word": "dog"
},
{
"english": "cat",
"word": "kat"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Volapük entries with incorrect language header",
"Volapük entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Volapük lemmas",
"Volapük nouns",
"Volapük terms borrowed from Latin",
"Volapük terms derived from Latin",
"vo:Animals",
"vo:Canids",
"vo:Mammals"
],
"glosses": [
"wolf (family Canidae)"
],
"links": [
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
],
[
"Canidae",
"Canidae#Translingual"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "older term",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "ludog"
}
],
"word": "lup"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.