See lour on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "louring"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "lowering"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "louringly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "loweringly"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "louren"
},
"expansion": "Middle English louren",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*lūran"
},
"expansion": "Old English *lūran",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*lūraną",
"4": "",
"5": "to lie in wait, lurk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lūraną (“to lie in wait, lurk”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "lure",
"3": "",
"4": "to lie in ambush; to take a nap"
},
"expansion": "Danish lure (“to lie in ambush; to take a nap”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "loeren"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch loeren",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "loeren",
"3": "",
"4": "to lurk, spy on"
},
"expansion": "Dutch loeren (“to lurk, spy on”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "lûren",
"3": "",
"4": "to lie in ambush"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German lûren (“to lie in ambush”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "luren",
"3": "",
"4": "to lurk"
},
"expansion": "German Low German luren (“to lurk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "lūren",
"3": "",
"4": "to lie in ambush"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German lūren (“to lie in ambush”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "lauern",
"3": "",
"4": "to lie in ambush; to lurk"
},
"expansion": "German lauern (“to lie in ambush; to lurk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "lúra",
"3": "",
"4": "to take a nap"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic lúra (“to take a nap”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "luurje",
"t": "to lie in wait"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian luurje (“to lie in wait”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "loere",
"t": "to lurk"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian loere (“to lurk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "lura",
"3": "",
"4": "to lie in ambush; to deceive, fool, trick; to lure; to take a nap"
},
"expansion": "Swedish lura (“to lie in ambush; to deceive, fool, trick; to lure; to take a nap”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The verb is derived from Middle English louren, lour, loure (“to frown or scowl; to be dark or overcast; to droop, fade, wither; to lurk, skulk”), probably from Old English *lūran, *lūrian, from Proto-Germanic *lūraną (“to lie in wait, lurk”).\nThe English word is cognate with Danish lure (“to lie in ambush; to take a nap”), Middle Dutch loeren (modern Dutch loeren (“to lurk, spy on”)), Middle Low German lûren (“to lie in ambush”), German Low German luren (“to lurk”), Middle High German lūren (“to lie in ambush”) (modern German lauern (“to lie in ambush; to lurk”)), Icelandic lúra (“to take a nap”), Saterland Frisian luurje (“to lie in wait”), West Frisian loere (“to lurk”), and Swedish lura (“to lie in ambush; to deceive, fool, trick; to lure; to take a nap”); and is related to lurk.\nThe noun is derived from the verb.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lours",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louring",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "loured",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "loured",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lour (third-person singular simple present lours, present participle louring, simple past and past participle loured)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1700, [John] Dryden, “Homer’s Ilias”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, book I, page 215:",
"text": "[...] Juno took her place:\n But ſullen Diſcontent ſat lowring on her Face.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1814, [Lord Byron], “[Lara, a Tale.] Canto I.”, in Lara, a Tale. Jacqueline, a Tale, London: […] [F]or J[ohn] Murray, […], [b]y T[homas] Davison, […], →OCLC, stanza XV, pages 20–21, lines 251–255:",
"text": "And solace sought he none from priest nor leech, / And soon the same in movement and in speech, / As heretofore he fill'd the passing hours, / Nor less he smiles, nor more his forehead lours / Than these were wont; [...]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1840 May, “Art. V.—Travels in Koordistan and Mesopotamia. By Ja[me]s Baillie Fraser. London: 1840.”, in The Dublin Review, volume VIII, number XVI, London: C[harles] Dolman, […] (Nephew and successor to J. Booker.) […], →OCLC, page 432:",
"text": "Their lank black hair hung round their black visages; and the only points of relief in the wild countenance which loured from under their strange head-dresses, were the dark, piercing eyes, and the white teeth.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To frown; to look sullen."
],
"id": "en-lour-en-verb-pay4Z6RQ",
"links": [
[
"frown",
"frown#Verb"
],
[
"look",
"look#Verb"
],
[
"sullen",
"sullen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To frown; to look sullen."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "glower"
},
{
"word": "scowl"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to frown; to look sullen",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "mračit se"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to frown; to look sullen",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "chmuřit se"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to frown; to look sullen",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kabonit se"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to frown; to look sullen",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zamračit se"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to frown; to look sullen",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zachmuřit se"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to frown; to look sullen",
"word": "murjottaa"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1593 (date written), [William Shakespeare], The Tragedy of King Richard the Third. […] (First Quarto), London: […] Valentine Sims [and Peter Short] for Andrew Wise, […], published 1597, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:",
"text": "Now is the winter of our diſcontent,\n Made glorious ſummer by this ſonne of Yorke:\n And all the cloudes that lowrd vpon our houſe,\n In the deepe boſome of the Ocean buried.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book IV”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, lines 870–874:",
"text": "And with them comes a third of Regal port, / But faded ſplendor wan; who by his gate / And fierce demeanour ſeems the Prince of Hell, / Not likely to part hence without conteſt; / Stand firm, for in his look defiance lours.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1788 July, “Meteorological Diaries for July, 1788; and for August, 1787”, in Sylvanus Urban [pseudonym; Edward Cave], editor, The Gentleman’s Magazine, and Historical Chronicle, volume XXV, London: Printed by John Nichols, for D. Henry, […], published January 1755, →OCLC, page 570:",
"text": "Weather in Auguſt, 1787. [...] dark, louring, cool, briſk ſhower.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1816 June – 1817 April/May (date written), [Mary Shelley], chapter VI, in Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus. […], volume III, London: […] [Macdonald and Son] for Lackington, Hughes, Harding, Mavor, & Jones, published 1 January 1818, →OCLC, page 125:",
"text": "The sun might shine, or the clouds might lour; but nothing could appear to me as it had done the day before.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1846, R[obert] S[tephen] Hawker, “The Wreck”, in Echoes from Old Cornwall, London: Joseph Masters, […], →OCLC, stanza X, page 76:",
"text": "And still when loudliest howls the storm, / And darkliest lowers his native sky, / The king's fierce soul is in that form, / The warrior's spirit threatens nigh!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1873, Agnes Strickland, chapter VIII, in Lives of the Queens of England, from the Norman Conquest. … In Six Volumes, new revised and augmented edition, volume VI, London: Bell & Daldy, […], →OCLC, page 285:",
"text": "The queen's letter coming up to the duchess's own ideas of her own deserts, she condescended to speak on the subject which had caused such portentous blackness to lour on her countenance, on her first meeting her royal mistress.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1891, Euripides, “The Phœnician Maidens”, in Edward P[hilip] Coleridge, transl., The Plays of Euripides: Translated into English Prose from the Text of Paley (Bohn’s Classical Library), volume II, London: George Bell & Sons, […], →OCLC, page 230:",
"text": "Seek to be prosperous; once let fortune lour, and the aid supplied by friends is naught.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1922 October, A[lfred] E[dward] Housman, “[Poem] IX”, in Last Poems, London: Grant Richards Ltd., →OCLC, stanza 6, page 25, lines 21–22:",
"text": "If here to-day the cloud of thunder lours / To-morrow it will hie on far behests; [...]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be dark, gloomy, and threatening, as clouds; of the sky: to be covered with dark and threatening clouds; to show threatening signs of approach, as a tempest."
],
"id": "en-lour-en-verb-k18rlQR6",
"links": [
[
"dark",
"dark"
],
[
"gloomy",
"gloomy"
],
[
"threatening",
"threatening#Adjective"
],
[
"clouds",
"cloud#Noun"
],
[
"sky",
"sky"
],
[
"covered",
"cover#Verb"
],
[
"show",
"show#Verb"
],
[
"signs",
"sign#Noun"
],
[
"approach",
"approach"
],
[
"tempest",
"tempest"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, figuratively) To be dark, gloomy, and threatening, as clouds; of the sky: to be covered with dark and threatening clouds; to show threatening signs of approach, as a tempest."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 92",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to be dark, gloomy, and threatening, as clouds",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "mračit se"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 92",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to be dark, gloomy, and threatening, as clouds",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kabonit se"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 92",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to be dark, gloomy, and threatening, as clouds",
"word": "uhata"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlaʊə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlaʊ.ə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-lour.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lour.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lour.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlaʊɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlaʊɹ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlaʊ.ɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊə(ɹ)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊ.ə(ɹ)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "lower"
}
],
"word": "lour"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "louren"
},
"expansion": "Middle English louren",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*lūran"
},
"expansion": "Old English *lūran",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*lūraną",
"4": "",
"5": "to lie in wait, lurk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lūraną (“to lie in wait, lurk”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "lure",
"3": "",
"4": "to lie in ambush; to take a nap"
},
"expansion": "Danish lure (“to lie in ambush; to take a nap”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "loeren"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch loeren",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "loeren",
"3": "",
"4": "to lurk, spy on"
},
"expansion": "Dutch loeren (“to lurk, spy on”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "lûren",
"3": "",
"4": "to lie in ambush"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German lûren (“to lie in ambush”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "luren",
"3": "",
"4": "to lurk"
},
"expansion": "German Low German luren (“to lurk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "lūren",
"3": "",
"4": "to lie in ambush"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German lūren (“to lie in ambush”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "lauern",
"3": "",
"4": "to lie in ambush; to lurk"
},
"expansion": "German lauern (“to lie in ambush; to lurk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "lúra",
"3": "",
"4": "to take a nap"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic lúra (“to take a nap”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "luurje",
"t": "to lie in wait"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian luurje (“to lie in wait”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "loere",
"t": "to lurk"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian loere (“to lurk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "lura",
"3": "",
"4": "to lie in ambush; to deceive, fool, trick; to lure; to take a nap"
},
"expansion": "Swedish lura (“to lie in ambush; to deceive, fool, trick; to lure; to take a nap”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The verb is derived from Middle English louren, lour, loure (“to frown or scowl; to be dark or overcast; to droop, fade, wither; to lurk, skulk”), probably from Old English *lūran, *lūrian, from Proto-Germanic *lūraną (“to lie in wait, lurk”).\nThe English word is cognate with Danish lure (“to lie in ambush; to take a nap”), Middle Dutch loeren (modern Dutch loeren (“to lurk, spy on”)), Middle Low German lûren (“to lie in ambush”), German Low German luren (“to lurk”), Middle High German lūren (“to lie in ambush”) (modern German lauern (“to lie in ambush; to lurk”)), Icelandic lúra (“to take a nap”), Saterland Frisian luurje (“to lie in wait”), West Frisian loere (“to lurk”), and Swedish lura (“to lie in ambush; to deceive, fool, trick; to lure; to take a nap”); and is related to lurk.\nThe noun is derived from the verb.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lours",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lour (plural lours)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1798, attributed to Richard Griffith or Laurence Sterne, The Koran: Or, Essays, Sentiments, Characters, and Callimachies, of Tria Juncta in Uno, M.N.A. or Master of No Arts. Three Volumes Complete in One, volume II, Vienna: Printed for R[udolf] Sammer, bookseller, →OCLC, paragraph 49, page 156:",
"text": "I have ſuch averſion to ill temper, that I could ſooner forgive my wife adultery, than croſſneſs. I cannot taſte Caſſio's kiſs on her lips; but I can ſee a lour on her brow.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A frown, a scowl; an angry or sullen look."
],
"id": "en-lour-en-noun-ftD2x8a6",
"links": [
[
"frown",
"frown#Noun"
],
[
"scowl",
"scowl#Noun"
],
[
"angry",
"angry"
],
[
"sullen",
"sullen"
],
[
"look",
"look#Noun"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 57 16 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 57 15 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 65 12 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 74 9 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 44 24 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 53 19 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of the sky, the weather, etc.: a dark, gloomy, and threatening appearance."
],
"id": "en-lour-en-noun-L011EWj9",
"links": [
[
"sky",
"sky"
],
[
"weather",
"weather#Noun"
],
[
"dark",
"dark"
],
[
"gloomy",
"gloomy"
],
[
"threatening",
"threatening#Adjective"
],
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) Of the sky, the weather, etc.: a dark, gloomy, and threatening appearance."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gloom"
},
{
"word": "gloominess"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlaʊə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlaʊ.ə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-lour.wav",
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},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlaʊɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlaʊɹ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlaʊ.ɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊə(ɹ)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊ.ə(ɹ)"
}
],
"word": "lour"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "pronoun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "lour m or f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"their (third-person plural possessive pronoun)"
],
"id": "en-lour-fro-pron-oPabB9~f",
"links": [
[
"their",
"their"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lur"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "lour"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "lór"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: lór",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: lór"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "leor"
},
"expansion": "Irish: leor",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: leor"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "liooar"
},
"expansion": "Manx: liooar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: liooar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "leòr"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: leòr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: leòr"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "llawer",
"t": "a lot"
},
"expansion": "Welsh llawer (“a lot”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*ɸroweros"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ɸroweros",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*laweros"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *laweros",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*leh₂w-",
"t": "benefit, prize"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *leh₂w- (“benefit, prize”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "λᾱρός",
"t": "tasty"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek λᾱρός (lārós, “tasty”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Definitely connected with Welsh llawer (“a lot”). There are two possibilities:\n* The usual etymology, from Thurneysen onwards, derives the term from Proto-Celtic *ɸroweros. This may be connected to roär found in law texts. The initial /l/ is assumed to have arisen from dissimilation.\n* Matasović instead reconstructs Proto-Celtic *laweros. He further derives this etymon from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂w- (“benefit, prize”), from which also Ancient Greek λᾱρός (lārós, “tasty”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-adj-o-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o/ā-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "loïr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "loïr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "loïr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lóire",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "loïr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "loïr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "loïr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lóra",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lóru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lóra",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lóra",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lóru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lóra",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lóra",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lóraib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "also llour after a proclitic",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "ending in a vowel",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "lour",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lour",
"name": "sga-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lór",
"gsf": "lóire",
"gsm": "loïr"
},
"name": "sga-decl-adj-o-a"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_f_sg": "loïr",
"acc_m_pl": "lóru\nlóra†",
"acc_m_sg": "lour",
"dat_f_sg": "loïr",
"dat_m_sg": "lour",
"dat_n_sg": "lour",
"dat_pl": "lóraib",
"gen_f_sg": "lóire",
"gen_m_sg": "loïr",
"gen_n_sg": "loïr",
"gen_pl": "lour",
"info": "o/ā-stem",
"nom_f_sg": "lour",
"nom_fn_pl": "lóra",
"nom_m_pl": "loïr",
"nom_m_sg": "lour",
"nom_n_sg": "lour",
"notes": "*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative\n**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative\n† not when substantivized",
"voc_m_pl": "lóru\nlóra†",
"voc_m_sg": "loïr*\nlour**"
},
"name": "sga-decl-adj-table"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "l",
"2": "our"
},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "lourtu"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "This is why composition does not occur with a participle, because it is akin to a verb: for composition with the latter is sufficient, for composition of a participle will be separated composition.",
"text": "Is airi ní táet comṡuidigud fri rangabáil, húare as coibnesta do bréthir: ar is lour comṡuidigud fri suidi, air bid comṡuidigud etarscartha comṡuidigud rangabálae.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"enough, sufficient"
],
"id": "en-lour-sga-adj-xsn7OaT8",
"links": [
[
"enough",
"enough"
],
[
"sufficient",
"sufficient"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "roar"
},
{
"word": "loor"
},
{
"word": "lór"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"D. A. Binchy",
"Osborn Bergin"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈl͈o.ur/"
}
],
"word": "lour"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/aʊ.ə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/aʊ.ə(ɹ)/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/aʊə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/aʊə(ɹ)/1 syllable",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "louring"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "lowering"
},
{
"word": "louringly"
},
{
"word": "loweringly"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "louren"
},
"expansion": "Middle English louren",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*lūran"
},
"expansion": "Old English *lūran",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*lūraną",
"4": "",
"5": "to lie in wait, lurk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lūraną (“to lie in wait, lurk”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "lure",
"3": "",
"4": "to lie in ambush; to take a nap"
},
"expansion": "Danish lure (“to lie in ambush; to take a nap”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "loeren"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch loeren",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "loeren",
"3": "",
"4": "to lurk, spy on"
},
"expansion": "Dutch loeren (“to lurk, spy on”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "lûren",
"3": "",
"4": "to lie in ambush"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German lûren (“to lie in ambush”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "luren",
"3": "",
"4": "to lurk"
},
"expansion": "German Low German luren (“to lurk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "lūren",
"3": "",
"4": "to lie in ambush"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German lūren (“to lie in ambush”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "lauern",
"3": "",
"4": "to lie in ambush; to lurk"
},
"expansion": "German lauern (“to lie in ambush; to lurk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "lúra",
"3": "",
"4": "to take a nap"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic lúra (“to take a nap”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "luurje",
"t": "to lie in wait"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian luurje (“to lie in wait”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "loere",
"t": "to lurk"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian loere (“to lurk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "lura",
"3": "",
"4": "to lie in ambush; to deceive, fool, trick; to lure; to take a nap"
},
"expansion": "Swedish lura (“to lie in ambush; to deceive, fool, trick; to lure; to take a nap”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The verb is derived from Middle English louren, lour, loure (“to frown or scowl; to be dark or overcast; to droop, fade, wither; to lurk, skulk”), probably from Old English *lūran, *lūrian, from Proto-Germanic *lūraną (“to lie in wait, lurk”).\nThe English word is cognate with Danish lure (“to lie in ambush; to take a nap”), Middle Dutch loeren (modern Dutch loeren (“to lurk, spy on”)), Middle Low German lûren (“to lie in ambush”), German Low German luren (“to lurk”), Middle High German lūren (“to lie in ambush”) (modern German lauern (“to lie in ambush; to lurk”)), Icelandic lúra (“to take a nap”), Saterland Frisian luurje (“to lie in wait”), West Frisian loere (“to lurk”), and Swedish lura (“to lie in ambush; to deceive, fool, trick; to lure; to take a nap”); and is related to lurk.\nThe noun is derived from the verb.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lours",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louring",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "loured",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "loured",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lour (third-person singular simple present lours, present participle louring, simple past and past participle loured)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1700, [John] Dryden, “Homer’s Ilias”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, book I, page 215:",
"text": "[...] Juno took her place:\n But ſullen Diſcontent ſat lowring on her Face.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1814, [Lord Byron], “[Lara, a Tale.] Canto I.”, in Lara, a Tale. Jacqueline, a Tale, London: […] [F]or J[ohn] Murray, […], [b]y T[homas] Davison, […], →OCLC, stanza XV, pages 20–21, lines 251–255:",
"text": "And solace sought he none from priest nor leech, / And soon the same in movement and in speech, / As heretofore he fill'd the passing hours, / Nor less he smiles, nor more his forehead lours / Than these were wont; [...]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1840 May, “Art. V.—Travels in Koordistan and Mesopotamia. By Ja[me]s Baillie Fraser. London: 1840.”, in The Dublin Review, volume VIII, number XVI, London: C[harles] Dolman, […] (Nephew and successor to J. Booker.) […], →OCLC, page 432:",
"text": "Their lank black hair hung round their black visages; and the only points of relief in the wild countenance which loured from under their strange head-dresses, were the dark, piercing eyes, and the white teeth.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To frown; to look sullen."
],
"links": [
[
"frown",
"frown#Verb"
],
[
"look",
"look#Verb"
],
[
"sullen",
"sullen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To frown; to look sullen."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "glower"
},
{
"word": "scowl"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1593 (date written), [William Shakespeare], The Tragedy of King Richard the Third. […] (First Quarto), London: […] Valentine Sims [and Peter Short] for Andrew Wise, […], published 1597, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:",
"text": "Now is the winter of our diſcontent,\n Made glorious ſummer by this ſonne of Yorke:\n And all the cloudes that lowrd vpon our houſe,\n In the deepe boſome of the Ocean buried.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book IV”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, lines 870–874:",
"text": "And with them comes a third of Regal port, / But faded ſplendor wan; who by his gate / And fierce demeanour ſeems the Prince of Hell, / Not likely to part hence without conteſt; / Stand firm, for in his look defiance lours.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1788 July, “Meteorological Diaries for July, 1788; and for August, 1787”, in Sylvanus Urban [pseudonym; Edward Cave], editor, The Gentleman’s Magazine, and Historical Chronicle, volume XXV, London: Printed by John Nichols, for D. Henry, […], published January 1755, →OCLC, page 570:",
"text": "Weather in Auguſt, 1787. [...] dark, louring, cool, briſk ſhower.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1816 June – 1817 April/May (date written), [Mary Shelley], chapter VI, in Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus. […], volume III, London: […] [Macdonald and Son] for Lackington, Hughes, Harding, Mavor, & Jones, published 1 January 1818, →OCLC, page 125:",
"text": "The sun might shine, or the clouds might lour; but nothing could appear to me as it had done the day before.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1846, R[obert] S[tephen] Hawker, “The Wreck”, in Echoes from Old Cornwall, London: Joseph Masters, […], →OCLC, stanza X, page 76:",
"text": "And still when loudliest howls the storm, / And darkliest lowers his native sky, / The king's fierce soul is in that form, / The warrior's spirit threatens nigh!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1873, Agnes Strickland, chapter VIII, in Lives of the Queens of England, from the Norman Conquest. … In Six Volumes, new revised and augmented edition, volume VI, London: Bell & Daldy, […], →OCLC, page 285:",
"text": "The queen's letter coming up to the duchess's own ideas of her own deserts, she condescended to speak on the subject which had caused such portentous blackness to lour on her countenance, on her first meeting her royal mistress.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1891, Euripides, “The Phœnician Maidens”, in Edward P[hilip] Coleridge, transl., The Plays of Euripides: Translated into English Prose from the Text of Paley (Bohn’s Classical Library), volume II, London: George Bell & Sons, […], →OCLC, page 230:",
"text": "Seek to be prosperous; once let fortune lour, and the aid supplied by friends is naught.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1922 October, A[lfred] E[dward] Housman, “[Poem] IX”, in Last Poems, London: Grant Richards Ltd., →OCLC, stanza 6, page 25, lines 21–22:",
"text": "If here to-day the cloud of thunder lours / To-morrow it will hie on far behests; [...]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be dark, gloomy, and threatening, as clouds; of the sky: to be covered with dark and threatening clouds; to show threatening signs of approach, as a tempest."
],
"links": [
[
"dark",
"dark"
],
[
"gloomy",
"gloomy"
],
[
"threatening",
"threatening#Adjective"
],
[
"clouds",
"cloud#Noun"
],
[
"sky",
"sky"
],
[
"covered",
"cover#Verb"
],
[
"show",
"show#Verb"
],
[
"signs",
"sign#Noun"
],
[
"approach",
"approach"
],
[
"tempest",
"tempest"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, figuratively) To be dark, gloomy, and threatening, as clouds; of the sky: to be covered with dark and threatening clouds; to show threatening signs of approach, as a tempest."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlaʊə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlaʊ.ə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-lour.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lour.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lour.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lour.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lour.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlaʊɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlaʊɹ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlaʊ.ɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊə(ɹ)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊ.ə(ɹ)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lower"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to frown; to look sullen",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "mračit se"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to frown; to look sullen",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "chmuřit se"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to frown; to look sullen",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kabonit se"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to frown; to look sullen",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zamračit se"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to frown; to look sullen",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zachmuřit se"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to frown; to look sullen",
"word": "murjottaa"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to be dark, gloomy, and threatening, as clouds",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "mračit se"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to be dark, gloomy, and threatening, as clouds",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kabonit se"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to be dark, gloomy, and threatening, as clouds",
"word": "uhata"
}
],
"word": "lour"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/aʊ.ə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/aʊ.ə(ɹ)/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/aʊə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/aʊə(ɹ)/1 syllable",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "louren"
},
"expansion": "Middle English louren",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*lūran"
},
"expansion": "Old English *lūran",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*lūraną",
"4": "",
"5": "to lie in wait, lurk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lūraną (“to lie in wait, lurk”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "lure",
"3": "",
"4": "to lie in ambush; to take a nap"
},
"expansion": "Danish lure (“to lie in ambush; to take a nap”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "loeren"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch loeren",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "loeren",
"3": "",
"4": "to lurk, spy on"
},
"expansion": "Dutch loeren (“to lurk, spy on”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "lûren",
"3": "",
"4": "to lie in ambush"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German lûren (“to lie in ambush”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "luren",
"3": "",
"4": "to lurk"
},
"expansion": "German Low German luren (“to lurk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "lūren",
"3": "",
"4": "to lie in ambush"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German lūren (“to lie in ambush”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "lauern",
"3": "",
"4": "to lie in ambush; to lurk"
},
"expansion": "German lauern (“to lie in ambush; to lurk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "lúra",
"3": "",
"4": "to take a nap"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic lúra (“to take a nap”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "luurje",
"t": "to lie in wait"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian luurje (“to lie in wait”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "loere",
"t": "to lurk"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian loere (“to lurk”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "lura",
"3": "",
"4": "to lie in ambush; to deceive, fool, trick; to lure; to take a nap"
},
"expansion": "Swedish lura (“to lie in ambush; to deceive, fool, trick; to lure; to take a nap”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The verb is derived from Middle English louren, lour, loure (“to frown or scowl; to be dark or overcast; to droop, fade, wither; to lurk, skulk”), probably from Old English *lūran, *lūrian, from Proto-Germanic *lūraną (“to lie in wait, lurk”).\nThe English word is cognate with Danish lure (“to lie in ambush; to take a nap”), Middle Dutch loeren (modern Dutch loeren (“to lurk, spy on”)), Middle Low German lûren (“to lie in ambush”), German Low German luren (“to lurk”), Middle High German lūren (“to lie in ambush”) (modern German lauern (“to lie in ambush; to lurk”)), Icelandic lúra (“to take a nap”), Saterland Frisian luurje (“to lie in wait”), West Frisian loere (“to lurk”), and Swedish lura (“to lie in ambush; to deceive, fool, trick; to lure; to take a nap”); and is related to lurk.\nThe noun is derived from the verb.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lours",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lour (plural lours)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1798, attributed to Richard Griffith or Laurence Sterne, The Koran: Or, Essays, Sentiments, Characters, and Callimachies, of Tria Juncta in Uno, M.N.A. or Master of No Arts. Three Volumes Complete in One, volume II, Vienna: Printed for R[udolf] Sammer, bookseller, →OCLC, paragraph 49, page 156:",
"text": "I have ſuch averſion to ill temper, that I could ſooner forgive my wife adultery, than croſſneſs. I cannot taſte Caſſio's kiſs on her lips; but I can ſee a lour on her brow.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A frown, a scowl; an angry or sullen look."
],
"links": [
[
"frown",
"frown#Noun"
],
[
"scowl",
"scowl#Noun"
],
[
"angry",
"angry"
],
[
"sullen",
"sullen"
],
[
"look",
"look#Noun"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Of the sky, the weather, etc.: a dark, gloomy, and threatening appearance."
],
"links": [
[
"sky",
"sky"
],
[
"weather",
"weather#Noun"
],
[
"dark",
"dark"
],
[
"gloomy",
"gloomy"
],
[
"threatening",
"threatening#Adjective"
],
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) Of the sky, the weather, etc.: a dark, gloomy, and threatening appearance."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gloom"
},
{
"word": "gloominess"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlaʊə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlaʊ.ə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-lour.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lour.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lour.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lour.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lour.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlaʊɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlaʊɹ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlaʊ.ɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊə(ɹ)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊ.ə(ɹ)"
}
],
"word": "lour"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "pronoun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "lour m or f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French pronouns",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"their (third-person plural possessive pronoun)"
],
"links": [
[
"their",
"their"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lur"
}
],
"word": "lour"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "lourtu"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "lór"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: lór",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: lór"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "leor"
},
"expansion": "Irish: leor",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: leor"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "liooar"
},
"expansion": "Manx: liooar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: liooar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "leòr"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: leòr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: leòr"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "llawer",
"t": "a lot"
},
"expansion": "Welsh llawer (“a lot”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*ɸroweros"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ɸroweros",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*laweros"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *laweros",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*leh₂w-",
"t": "benefit, prize"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *leh₂w- (“benefit, prize”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "λᾱρός",
"t": "tasty"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek λᾱρός (lārós, “tasty”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Definitely connected with Welsh llawer (“a lot”). There are two possibilities:\n* The usual etymology, from Thurneysen onwards, derives the term from Proto-Celtic *ɸroweros. This may be connected to roär found in law texts. The initial /l/ is assumed to have arisen from dissimilation.\n* Matasović instead reconstructs Proto-Celtic *laweros. He further derives this etymon from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂w- (“benefit, prize”), from which also Ancient Greek λᾱρός (lārós, “tasty”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-adj-o-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o/ā-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "loïr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "loïr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "loïr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lóire",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "loïr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "loïr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "loïr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lóra",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lóru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lóra",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lóra",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lóru",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lóra",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lóra",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lóraib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "also llour after a proclitic",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "ending in a vowel",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "lour",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "lour",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lour",
"name": "sga-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lór",
"gsf": "lóire",
"gsm": "loïr"
},
"name": "sga-decl-adj-o-a"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_f_sg": "loïr",
"acc_m_pl": "lóru\nlóra†",
"acc_m_sg": "lour",
"dat_f_sg": "loïr",
"dat_m_sg": "lour",
"dat_n_sg": "lour",
"dat_pl": "lóraib",
"gen_f_sg": "lóire",
"gen_m_sg": "loïr",
"gen_n_sg": "loïr",
"gen_pl": "lour",
"info": "o/ā-stem",
"nom_f_sg": "lour",
"nom_fn_pl": "lóra",
"nom_m_pl": "loïr",
"nom_m_sg": "lour",
"nom_n_sg": "lour",
"notes": "*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative\n**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative\n† not when substantivized",
"voc_m_pl": "lóru\nlóra†",
"voc_m_sg": "loïr*\nlour**"
},
"name": "sga-decl-adj-table"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "l",
"2": "our"
},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish adjectives",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish o/ā-stem adjectives",
"Old Irish terms with quotations",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "This is why composition does not occur with a participle, because it is akin to a verb: for composition with the latter is sufficient, for composition of a participle will be separated composition.",
"text": "Is airi ní táet comṡuidigud fri rangabáil, húare as coibnesta do bréthir: ar is lour comṡuidigud fri suidi, air bid comṡuidigud etarscartha comṡuidigud rangabálae.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"enough, sufficient"
],
"links": [
[
"enough",
"enough"
],
[
"sufficient",
"sufficient"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"D. A. Binchy",
"Osborn Bergin"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈl͈o.ur/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "roar"
},
{
"word": "loor"
},
{
"word": "lór"
}
],
"word": "lour"
}
Download raw JSONL data for lour meaning in All languages combined (24.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.