See kraal on Wiktionary
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{
"ref": "1979, André Brink, A Dry White Season, Vintage, published 1998, page 88:",
"text": "‘The paraffin box covered with newsprint, and the primus, and the bucket standing on the floor, and a photo of our kraal’s chief on the wall.’",
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"ref": "1994, Nelson Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom, Abacus, published 2010, page 6:",
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"type": "quote"
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"In Central and Southern Africa, a rural village of huts surrounded by a stockade."
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"ref": "1861, Charles John Andersson, Lake Ngami, chapter XXVIII, page 343:",
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"_dis1": "0 0",
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"_dis1": "0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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"_dis1": "0 0",
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"Afrikaans lemmas",
"Afrikaans nouns",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Portuguese",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Dutch",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"A kraal, corral: enclosure for livestock"
],
"links": [
[
"kraal",
"#English"
],
[
"corral",
"corral"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɑːl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q14196 (afr)-Oesjaar-kraal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5a/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-kraal.wav/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-kraal.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5a/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-kraal.wav/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-kraal.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "kraal"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch feminine nouns",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Portuguese",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːl",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːl/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kraalboom"
},
{
"word": "kraalkruid"
},
{
"word": "kraaloog"
},
{
"word": "kralen"
},
{
"word": "kralenketting"
},
{
"word": "kralensnoer"
},
{
"word": "strijkkraal"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srn",
"2": "krara",
"3": "krala",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Sranan Tongo: krara, krala",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sranan Tongo: krara, krala"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "djk",
"2": "kaala",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Aukan: kaala",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Aukan: kaala"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arw",
"2": "korara",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Lokono: korara",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Lokono: korara"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "njt",
"2": "kalala",
"3": "kralu",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ndyuka-Trio Pidgin: kalala, kralu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ndyuka-Trio Pidgin: kalala, kralu"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "crael"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch crael",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch crael, syncopic form of corael. See koraal, from the same ultimate source.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kralen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kraaltje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-en",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "kraal f (plural kralen, diminutive kraaltje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kraal"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a bead (of a necklace or abacus)"
],
"links": [
[
"bead",
"bead"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"several similarly spheric objects"
],
"links": [
[
"spheric",
"spheric"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kraːl/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kraal.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/54/Nl-kraal.ogg/Nl-kraal.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/Nl-kraal.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːl"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:kraal"
],
"word": "kraal"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch feminine nouns",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch neuter nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms derived from Portuguese",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːl",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːl/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "zeekraal"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "kralen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kraaltje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-en",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "kraal n (plural kralen, diminutive kraaltje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kraal"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "koraal"
}
],
"categories": [
"Dutch obsolete forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete form of koraal."
],
"links": [
[
"koraal",
"koraal#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"neuter",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kraːl/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kraal.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/54/Nl-kraal.ogg/Nl-kraal.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/Nl-kraal.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːl"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:kraal"
],
"word": "kraal"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch feminine nouns",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms derived from Portuguese",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːl",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːl/1 syllable"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "kraal"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: kraal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: kraal"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "pt",
"3": "curral"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese curral",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Portuguese curral.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kralen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kraaltje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-en",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "kraal f (plural kralen, diminutive kraaltje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kraal"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a kraal, corral (enclosure for livestock)"
],
"links": [
[
"kraal",
"kraal#English"
],
[
"corral",
"corral"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kraːl/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kraal.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/54/Nl-kraal.ogg/Nl-kraal.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/Nl-kraal.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːl"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:kraal"
],
"word": "kraal"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Dutch",
"English terms derived from Portuguese",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɑːl",
"Rhymes:English/ɑːl/1 syllable",
"South African English",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "kraal"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kraal",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pt",
"3": "curral"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese curral",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "corral"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of corral",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From colonial Dutch kraal, from Portuguese curral. Doublet of corral.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kraals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kraal (plural kraals)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "East African",
"word": "boma"
},
{
"tags": [
"English",
"Jamaican"
],
"word": "crawl"
},
{
"tags": [
"Spanish"
],
"word": "Corral"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1861, Charles John Andersson, “chapter VII”, in Lake Ngami, page 89:",
"text": "Onanis is the permanent residence of a kraal of very poor Hill-Damaras, who subsist chiefly upon the few wild roots which their sterile neighborhood produces.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1979, André Brink, A Dry White Season, Vintage, published 1998, page 88:",
"text": "‘The paraffin box covered with newsprint, and the primus, and the bucket standing on the floor, and a photo of our kraal’s chief on the wall.’",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In Central and Southern Africa, a small rural community."
],
"links": [
[
"rural",
"rural"
],
[
"community",
"community"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1994, Nelson Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom, Abacus, published 2010, page 6:",
"text": "A kraal was a homestead and usually included a simple fenced-in enclosure for animals, fields for growing crops, and one or more thatched huts.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In Central and Southern Africa, a rural village of huts surrounded by a stockade."
],
"links": [
[
"rural",
"rural"
],
[
"village",
"village"
],
[
"hut",
"hut"
],
[
"stockade",
"stockade"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2000 July 3, Jonathan Amos, “'Funny creature' toast of Botswana”, in BBC News Online:",
"text": "The animal, which is now six years old, was born naturally from the mating of a female goat with a male sheep sharing the same kraal.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An enclosure for livestock."
],
"links": [
[
"enclosure",
"enclosure"
],
[
"livestock",
"livestock"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹɑːl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-kraal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kraal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kraal.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kraal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kraal.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑːl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "livestock enclosure",
"word": "corral"
},
{
"sense": "livestock enclosure",
"word": "pen"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "rural African community",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kraal"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳraali",
"sense": "rural African community",
"word": "კრაალი"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "rural African community",
"word": "kraal"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳraali",
"sense": "rural African village of huts surrounded by a stockade",
"word": "კრაალი"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "rural African village of huts surrounded by a stockade",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kraal"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "enclosure for livestock",
"word": "kraal"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "enclosure for livestock",
"word": "kraal"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳraali",
"sense": "enclosure for livestock",
"word": "კრაალი"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "enclosure for livestock",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kraal"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"kraal"
],
"word": "kraal"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Dutch",
"English terms derived from Portuguese",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɑːl",
"Rhymes:English/ɑːl/1 syllable",
"South African English",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "kraal"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kraal",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pt",
"3": "curral"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese curral",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "corral"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of corral",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From colonial Dutch kraal, from Portuguese curral. Doublet of corral.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kraals",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kraaling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kraaled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kraaled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kraal (third-person singular simple present kraals, present participle kraaling, simple past and past participle kraaled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1861, Charles John Andersson, Lake Ngami, chapter XXVIII, page 343:",
"text": "[…] he knew that one of these beasts was in the habit of harassing the goat-kids, which, for better security, he had kraaled against the wall of the house.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To enclose (livestock) within a kraal or stockade."
],
"links": [
[
"enclose",
"enclose"
],
[
"livestock",
"livestock"
],
[
"stockade",
"stockade"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To enclose (livestock) within a kraal or stockade."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹɑːl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-kraal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kraal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kraal.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kraal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-kraal.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑːl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "to enclose livestock",
"word": "corral"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"kraal"
],
"word": "kraal"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kraal meaning in All languages combined (13.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.