See kał on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "de",
"3": "Kohl"
},
"expansion": "German Kohl",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "goh",
"3": "kolo"
},
"expansion": "Old High German kolo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "la",
"3": "caulis"
},
"expansion": "Latin caulis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "kał"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian kał",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kał",
"t": "feces"
},
"expansion": "Polish kał (“feces”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From German Kohl, from Old High German kolo, from Latin caulis. Cognate with Upper Sorbian kał, but not with Polish kał (“feces”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dsb-decl-noun-18",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kał",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kała",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kała",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kałowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kałow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kałoju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kałoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kałam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kał",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kała",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kałom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kałoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kałami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kałoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kałach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "kał m inan",
"name": "dsb-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ka",
"2": "ł"
},
"name": "dsb-decl-noun-18"
}
],
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lower Sorbian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "dsb",
"name": "Brassicas",
"orig": "dsb:Brassicas",
"parents": [
"Crucifers",
"Brassicales order plants",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "dsb",
"name": "Vegetables",
"orig": "dsb:Vegetables",
"parents": [
"Foods",
"Plants",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Lifeforms",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "96 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "97 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "běły kał"
},
{
"word": "cerwjeny kał"
},
{
"word": "kisały kał"
},
{
"word": "słodki kał"
},
{
"word": "wuchacowy kał"
},
{
"word": "zeleny kał"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cabbage"
],
"id": "en-kał-dsb-noun-Cnonvt0f",
"links": [
[
"cabbage",
"cabbage"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaw/"
}
],
"word": "kał"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kałowy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kȃlъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kȃlъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kȃlъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kȃlъ",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kȃlъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kał",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kału",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kałowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kał",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kałem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "kał m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kał"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"tantum": "s"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish singularia tantum",
"parents": [
"Singularia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "97 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Feces",
"orig": "pl:Feces",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Toilet (room)",
"All topics",
"Hygiene",
"Rooms",
"Fundamental",
"Health",
"Buildings and structures",
"Architecture",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feces"
],
"id": "en-kał-pl-noun-R7Zz4IEX",
"links": [
[
"feces",
"feces"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kupa"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish singularia tantum",
"parents": [
"Singularia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mud"
],
"id": "en-kał-pl-noun-rwf~kat8",
"links": [
[
"mud",
"mud"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) mud"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "błoto"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkaw/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aw"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "dwójka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "ekskrement"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "ekskrety"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "fekalia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "gie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "gówno"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "gówienko"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "kał"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "kloc"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "klocek"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "kupa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "kupka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "kupsko"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "kupsztal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "odchody"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "sraczka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "sraka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "stolec"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "wydalina"
}
],
"word": "kał"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"pl:Feces"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "běły kał"
},
{
"word": "cerwjeny kał"
},
{
"word": "kisały kał"
},
{
"word": "słodki kał"
},
{
"word": "wuchacowy kał"
},
{
"word": "zeleny kał"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "de",
"3": "Kohl"
},
"expansion": "German Kohl",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "goh",
"3": "kolo"
},
"expansion": "Old High German kolo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "la",
"3": "caulis"
},
"expansion": "Latin caulis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "kał"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian kał",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kał",
"t": "feces"
},
"expansion": "Polish kał (“feces”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From German Kohl, from Old High German kolo, from Latin caulis. Cognate with Upper Sorbian kał, but not with Polish kał (“feces”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dsb-decl-noun-18",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kał",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kała",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kała",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kałowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kałow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kałoju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kałoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kałam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kał",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kała",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kałom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kałoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kałami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kałoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kałach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "kał m inan",
"name": "dsb-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ka",
"2": "ł"
},
"name": "dsb-decl-noun-18"
}
],
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Lower Sorbian entries with incorrect language header",
"Lower Sorbian inanimate nouns",
"Lower Sorbian lemmas",
"Lower Sorbian masculine nouns",
"Lower Sorbian nouns",
"Lower Sorbian terms borrowed from German",
"Lower Sorbian terms derived from German",
"Lower Sorbian terms derived from Latin",
"Lower Sorbian terms derived from Old High German",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"dsb:Brassicas",
"dsb:Vegetables"
],
"glosses": [
"cabbage"
],
"links": [
[
"cabbage",
"cabbage"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaw/"
}
],
"word": "kał"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish singularia tantum",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/aw",
"Rhymes:Polish/aw/1 syllable",
"pl:Feces"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kałowy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kȃlъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kȃlъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kȃlъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kȃlъ",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kȃlъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kał",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kału",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kałowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kał",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kałem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "kał m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kał"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"tantum": "s"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"feces"
],
"links": [
[
"feces",
"feces"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kupa"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"mud"
],
"links": [
[
"mud",
"mud"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) mud"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "błoto"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkaw/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aw"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "dwójka"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "ekskrement"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "ekskrety"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "fekalia"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "gie"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "gówno"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "gówienko"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "kał"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "kloc"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "klocek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "kupa"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "kupka"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "kupsko"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "kupsztal"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "odchody"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "sraczka"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "sraka"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "stolec"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:kał",
"word": "wydalina"
}
],
"word": "kał"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kał meaning in All languages combined (6.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (4eaa824 and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.