See hunker on Wiktionary
{ "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "hunkers" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "hunker down" } ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gem", "3": "-" }, "expansion": "Germanic", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "sco", "2": "hoonk" }, "expansion": "Scots hoonk", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "sco", "2": "hocker", "t": "to crouch down, hunker" }, "expansion": "Scots hocker (“to crouch down, hunker”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gmq", "3": "-" }, "expansion": "North Germanic", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "non", "3": "huka", "t": "to crouch" }, "expansion": "Old Norse huka (“to crouch”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*hūkan-", "t": "to squat" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hūkan- (“to squat”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*kuk-néh₂" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kuk-néh₂", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "Originally Scottish. Origin uncertain, but probably of Germanic origin, perhaps *hunk- a nasalised variant of *huk- (compare Scots hoonk, hounk, variants of huk, hok (“to squat, crouch”); Scots hocker (“to crouch down, hunker”)), all of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse huka (“to crouch”), from Proto-Germanic *hūkan- (“to squat”), from *hūkkan-, back-formed from the iterative *huk(k)ōn-, from Proto-Indo-European *kuk-néh₂, from *kewk- (“to curve, bend”) (also the source of high).\nProbable cognates include Old Norse húka, Dutch huiken, and German hocken.", "forms": [ { "form": "hunkers", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hunkering", "tags": [ "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "hunkered", "tags": [ "participle", "past" ] }, { "form": "hunkered", "tags": [ "past" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "hunker (third-person singular simple present hunkers, present participle hunkering, simple past and past participle hunkered)", "name": "en-verb" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "categories": [], "glosses": [ "To crouch or squat close to the ground or lie down" ], "id": "en-hunker-en-verb-h5K2mAhg", "links": [ [ "crouch", "crouch" ], [ "squat", "squat" ], [ "ground", "ground" ], [ "lie", "lie" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To crouch or squat close to the ground or lie down" ], "synonyms": [ { "_dis1": "89 11", "sense": "crouch, squat or lie", "word": "crouch" }, { "_dis1": "89 11", "sense": "crouch, squat or lie", "word": "squat" }, { "_dis1": "89 11", "sense": "crouch, squat or lie", "word": "lie" } ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "94 6", "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "prikljakam", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "приклякам" }, { "_dis1": "94 6", "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "dūnxià", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "蹲下" }, { "_dis1": "94 6", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "kyykistyä" }, { "_dis1": "94 6", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "kyykkiä" }, { "_dis1": "94 6", "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "s’accroupir" }, { "_dis1": "94 6", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "hocken" }, { "_dis1": "94 6", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "ducken" }, { "_dis1": "94 6", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "kauern" }, { "_dis1": "94 6", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "shagamu", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "しゃがむ" }, { "_dis1": "94 6", "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "kucać" }, { "_dis1": "94 6", "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "ficar de cócoras" }, { "_dis1": "94 6", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "sidétʹ na kórtočkax", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "tags": [ "imperfective" ], "word": "сиде́ть на ко́рточках" }, { "_dis1": "94 6", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "encuclillarse" }, { "_dis1": "94 6", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "acurrucarse" }, { "_dis1": "94 6", "code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "prysísty na nohy", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "присі́сти на ноги" }, { "_dis1": "94 6", "code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "sísty navpóčipky", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "сі́сти навпо́чіпки" } ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "15 5 80", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "15 85", "kind": "other", "name": "Entries with translation boxes", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "33 33 3 5 3 23", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "34 34 2 5 1 23", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "12 88", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "12 88", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Finnish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "18 82", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with French translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "13 87", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with German translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "13 87", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Japanese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "11 89", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "17 83", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Polish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "11 89", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "13 87", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Russian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "13 87", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Spanish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "12 88", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "To apply oneself to a task" ], "id": "en-hunker-en-verb-xmLDF5bK", "links": [ [ "apply", "apply" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To apply oneself to a task" ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈhʌŋkə/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈhʌŋkɚ/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] }, { "audio": "en-us-hunker.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/En-us-hunker.ogg/En-us-hunker.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/En-us-hunker.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-ʌŋkə(ɹ)" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Brill Publishers", "en:hunker" ], "word": "hunker" } { "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en" }, "expansion": "Unknown", "name": "unk" } ], "etymology_text": "Unknown", "forms": [ { "form": "hunkers", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "hunker (plural hunkers)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [], "derived": [ { "word": "hunkerous" } ], "glosses": [ "A political conservative." ], "id": "en-hunker-en-noun-otMJXBHy", "links": [ [ "political", "political" ], [ "conservative", "conservative" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(dated) A political conservative." ], "related": [ { "word": "hunkers" } ], "tags": [ "dated" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈhʌŋkə/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈhʌŋkɚ/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] }, { "audio": "en-us-hunker.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/En-us-hunker.ogg/En-us-hunker.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/En-us-hunker.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-ʌŋkə(ɹ)" } ], "wikipedia": [ "en:hunker" ], "word": "hunker" } { "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "verb form" }, "expansion": "hunker", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Dutch", "lang_code": "nl", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "33 33 3 5 3 23", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "34 34 2 5 1 23", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "44 44 12", "kind": "other", "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "form_of": [ { "word": "hunkeren" } ], "glosses": [ "inflection of hunkeren:", "first-person singular present indicative" ], "id": "en-hunker-nl-verb-LCuYlSq-", "links": [ [ "hunkeren", "hunkeren#Dutch" ] ], "tags": [ "first-person", "form-of", "indicative", "present", "singular" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "33 33 3 5 3 23", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "34 34 2 5 1 23", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "44 44 12", "kind": "other", "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "form_of": [ { "word": "hunkeren" } ], "glosses": [ "inflection of hunkeren:", "second-person singular present indicative" ], "id": "en-hunker-nl-verb-pk2H3PQX", "links": [ [ "hunkeren", "hunkeren#Dutch" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "inflection of hunkeren:", "(in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative" ], "raw_tags": [ "in case of inversion" ], "tags": [ "form-of", "indicative", "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "44 44 12", "kind": "other", "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "form_of": [ { "word": "hunkeren" } ], "glosses": [ "inflection of hunkeren:", "imperative" ], "id": "en-hunker-nl-verb-6kZcKsnb", "links": [ [ "hunkeren", "hunkeren#Dutch" ] ], "tags": [ "form-of", "imperative" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "audio": "Nl-hunker.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4f/Nl-hunker.ogg/Nl-hunker.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/Nl-hunker.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-ʏŋkər" } ], "word": "hunker" }
{ "categories": [ "Dutch entries with incorrect language header", "Dutch non-lemma forms", "Dutch verb forms", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:Dutch/ʏŋkər", "Rhymes:Dutch/ʏŋkər/2 syllables" ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "verb form" }, "expansion": "hunker", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Dutch", "lang_code": "nl", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "form_of": [ { "word": "hunkeren" } ], "glosses": [ "inflection of hunkeren:", "first-person singular present indicative" ], "links": [ [ "hunkeren", "hunkeren#Dutch" ] ], "tags": [ "first-person", "form-of", "indicative", "present", "singular" ] }, { "form_of": [ { "word": "hunkeren" } ], "glosses": [ "inflection of hunkeren:", "second-person singular present indicative" ], "links": [ [ "hunkeren", "hunkeren#Dutch" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "inflection of hunkeren:", "(in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative" ], "raw_tags": [ "in case of inversion" ], "tags": [ "form-of", "indicative", "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form_of": [ { "word": "hunkeren" } ], "glosses": [ "inflection of hunkeren:", "imperative" ], "links": [ [ "hunkeren", "hunkeren#Dutch" ] ], "tags": [ "form-of", "imperative" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "audio": "Nl-hunker.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4f/Nl-hunker.ogg/Nl-hunker.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/Nl-hunker.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-ʏŋkər" } ], "word": "hunker" } { "categories": [ "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Germanic languages", "English terms derived from North Germanic languages", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms with unknown etymologies", "English verbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/ʌŋkə(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ʌŋkə(ɹ)/2 syllables", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations" ], "derived": [ { "word": "hunkers" }, { "word": "hunker down" } ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gem", "3": "-" }, "expansion": "Germanic", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "sco", "2": "hoonk" }, "expansion": "Scots hoonk", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "sco", "2": "hocker", "t": "to crouch down, hunker" }, "expansion": "Scots hocker (“to crouch down, hunker”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gmq", "3": "-" }, "expansion": "North Germanic", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "non", "3": "huka", "t": "to crouch" }, "expansion": "Old Norse huka (“to crouch”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*hūkan-", "t": "to squat" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hūkan- (“to squat”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*kuk-néh₂" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kuk-néh₂", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "Originally Scottish. Origin uncertain, but probably of Germanic origin, perhaps *hunk- a nasalised variant of *huk- (compare Scots hoonk, hounk, variants of huk, hok (“to squat, crouch”); Scots hocker (“to crouch down, hunker”)), all of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse huka (“to crouch”), from Proto-Germanic *hūkan- (“to squat”), from *hūkkan-, back-formed from the iterative *huk(k)ōn-, from Proto-Indo-European *kuk-néh₂, from *kewk- (“to curve, bend”) (also the source of high).\nProbable cognates include Old Norse húka, Dutch huiken, and German hocken.", "forms": [ { "form": "hunkers", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "hunkering", "tags": [ "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "hunkered", "tags": [ "participle", "past" ] }, { "form": "hunkered", "tags": [ "past" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "hunker (third-person singular simple present hunkers, present participle hunkering, simple past and past participle hunkered)", "name": "en-verb" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English intransitive verbs" ], "glosses": [ "To crouch or squat close to the ground or lie down" ], "links": [ [ "crouch", "crouch" ], [ "squat", "squat" ], [ "ground", "ground" ], [ "lie", "lie" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To crouch or squat close to the ground or lie down" ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ] }, { "categories": [ "English intransitive verbs" ], "glosses": [ "To apply oneself to a task" ], "links": [ [ "apply", "apply" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(intransitive) To apply oneself to a task" ], "tags": [ "intransitive" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈhʌŋkə/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈhʌŋkɚ/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] }, { "audio": "en-us-hunker.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/En-us-hunker.ogg/En-us-hunker.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/En-us-hunker.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-ʌŋkə(ɹ)" } ], "synonyms": [ { "sense": "crouch, squat or lie", "word": "crouch" }, { "sense": "crouch, squat or lie", "word": "squat" }, { "sense": "crouch, squat or lie", "word": "lie" } ], "translations": [ { "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "prikljakam", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "приклякам" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "dūnxià", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "蹲下" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "kyykistyä" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "kyykkiä" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "s’accroupir" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "hocken" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "ducken" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "kauern" }, { "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "shagamu", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "しゃがむ" }, { "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "kucać" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "ficar de cócoras" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "sidétʹ na kórtočkax", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "tags": [ "imperfective" ], "word": "сиде́ть на ко́рточках" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "encuclillarse" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "acurrucarse" }, { "code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "prysísty na nohy", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "присі́сти на ноги" }, { "code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "sísty navpóčipky", "sense": "To crouch, squat or lie down", "word": "сі́сти навпо́чіпки" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Brill Publishers", "en:hunker" ], "word": "hunker" } { "categories": [ "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms with unknown etymologies", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/ʌŋkə(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ʌŋkə(ɹ)/2 syllables" ], "derived": [ { "word": "hunkerous" } ], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en" }, "expansion": "Unknown", "name": "unk" } ], "etymology_text": "Unknown", "forms": [ { "form": "hunkers", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "hunker (plural hunkers)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "word": "hunkers" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English dated terms" ], "glosses": [ "A political conservative." ], "links": [ [ "political", "political" ], [ "conservative", "conservative" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(dated) A political conservative." ], "tags": [ "dated" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈhʌŋkə/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈhʌŋkɚ/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] }, { "audio": "en-us-hunker.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ef/En-us-hunker.ogg/En-us-hunker.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/En-us-hunker.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-ʌŋkə(ɹ)" } ], "wikipedia": [ "en:hunker" ], "word": "hunker" }
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (ee63ee9 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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