See gwern on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "xbm",
"3": "guern"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton guern",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "obt",
"3": "guern, guaern"
},
"expansion": "Old Breton guern, guaern",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*gwern"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *gwern",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*wernā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *wernā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "uerna"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish uerna",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "fern"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish fern",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "vergne"
},
"expansion": "French vergne",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Breton guern, from Old Breton guern, guaern, from Proto-Brythonic *gwern, from Proto-Celtic *wernā (compare Gaulish uerna, Old Irish fern and French vergne).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gwernioù",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwernenn",
"tags": [
"singulative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"10": "{{{p3}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{d}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{c}}}",
"15": "singulative",
"16": "gwernenn",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{s2}}}",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "gwernioù",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{p2}}}",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"f5accel-form": "d",
"f7accel-form": "sgl",
"f8accel-form": "s",
"g": "?",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "gwern ? (plural gwernioù, singulative gwernenn)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"p": "gwernioù",
"s": "gwernenn"
},
"expansion": "gwern ? (plural gwernioù, singulative gwernenn)",
"name": "br-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "96 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Breton entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 1 1 1 7 1 11 11 17 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 0 0 0 7 0 11 11 17 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 5 5",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "br",
"name": "Fagales order plants",
"orig": "br:Fagales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Trees",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "86 7 7",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "br",
"name": "Woods",
"orig": "br:Woods",
"parents": [
"Natural materials",
"Trees",
"Materials",
"Nature",
"Plants",
"Manufacturing",
"All topics",
"Lifeforms",
"Human activity",
"Fundamental",
"Life",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alders"
],
"id": "en-gwern-br-noun-Lh4Z3ZDp",
"links": [
[
"alder",
"alder"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡwɛrn/"
}
],
"word": "gwern"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "xbm",
"3": "guern"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton guern",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "obt",
"3": "guern, guaern"
},
"expansion": "Old Breton guern, guaern",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*gwern"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *gwern",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*wernā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *wernā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "uerna"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish uerna",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "fern"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish fern",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "vergne"
},
"expansion": "French vergne",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Breton guern, from Old Breton guern, guaern, from Proto-Brythonic *gwern, from Proto-Celtic *wernā (compare Gaulish uerna, Old Irish fern and French vergne).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gwernioù",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"10": "{{{p3}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{d}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{c}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{s}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{s2}}}",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "gwernioù",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{p2}}}",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"f5accel-form": "d",
"f7accel-form": "sgl",
"f8accel-form": "s",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "gwern f (plural gwernioù)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"p": "gwernioù"
},
"expansion": "gwern f (plural gwernioù)",
"name": "br-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 86 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "br",
"name": "Ship parts",
"orig": "br:Ship parts",
"parents": [
"Nautical",
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mast"
],
"id": "en-gwern-br-noun-XcdAtIYk",
"links": [
[
"mast",
"mast"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"swamp"
],
"id": "en-gwern-br-noun-2DqQDELU",
"links": [
[
"swamp",
"swamp"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡwɛrn/"
}
],
"word": "gwern"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "oco",
"3": "guern"
},
"expansion": "Old Cornish guern",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*gwern"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *gwern",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*wernā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *wernā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "uerna"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish uerna",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "fern"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish fern",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "vergne"
},
"expansion": "French vergne",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Cornish guern, from Proto-Brythonic *gwern, from Proto-Celtic *wernā (compare Gaulish uerna, Old Irish fern and French vergne).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gwernen",
"tags": [
"singulative"
]
},
{
"form": "gwernennow",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwernednow",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "kw-mut-cons",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gwern",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"unmutated"
]
},
{
"form": "wern",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "kwern",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "hwern",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-mixed"
]
},
{
"form": "wern",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"after-th",
"mutation",
"mutation-mixed"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singulative",
"4": "gwernen",
"5": "plural",
"6": "gwernennow",
"7": "or",
"8": "gwernednow",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "gwern m (singulative gwernen, plural gwernennow or gwernednow)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gw",
"2": "ern"
},
"name": "kw-mut-cons"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"alder"
],
"id": "en-gwern-kw-noun-vy0TwJyn",
"links": [
[
"alder",
"alder"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collective) alder"
],
"tags": [
"collective",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 94 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cornish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 82 8",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "kw",
"name": "Fagales order plants",
"orig": "kw:Fagales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Trees",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 75 12",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "kw",
"name": "Woods",
"orig": "kw:Woods",
"parents": [
"Natural materials",
"Trees",
"Materials",
"Nature",
"Plants",
"Manufacturing",
"All topics",
"Lifeforms",
"Human activity",
"Fundamental",
"Life",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alder",
"swamp, marsh, marshland"
],
"id": "en-gwern-kw-noun-wlc5XW7U",
"links": [
[
"alder",
"alder"
],
[
"swamp",
"swamp"
],
[
"marsh",
"marsh"
],
[
"marshland",
"marshland"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collective) alder",
"swamp, marsh, marshland"
],
"tags": [
"collective",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 7 86",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "kw",
"name": "Ship parts",
"orig": "kw:Ship parts",
"parents": [
"Nautical",
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mast"
],
"id": "en-gwern-kw-noun-XcdAtIYk",
"links": [
[
"singular",
"singular"
],
[
"mast",
"mast"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the singular) mast"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡwɛrn/"
}
],
"word": "gwern"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "marsh harrier",
"word": "boda gwerni"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "alder bolete",
"word": "boled gwern"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "swamp sparrow",
"word": "bras gwerni"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "alder cap",
"word": "cap gwernydd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "alder milkcap",
"word": "cap llaeth gwernydd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "alder goblet",
"word": "cwpan gwern"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "mainmasts",
"word": "gwern fawr"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "foremasts",
"word": "gwern flaen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "green alders",
"word": "gwern gwerdd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "mizzenmasts",
"word": "gwern ôl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "alder grove",
"word": "gwernllwyn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "abounding in alders",
"word": "gwernog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "alder flycatcher",
"word": "gwybedog y gwern"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "marsh warbler",
"word": "telor y gwerni"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "marsh tit",
"word": "titw'r wern"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "alder bracket",
"word": "ysgwydd y gwern"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*gwern"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *gwern",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*wernā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *wernā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "fern"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish fern",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "գերան"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian գերան (geran)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "verr",
"3": "",
"4": "alder"
},
"expansion": "Albanian verr (“alder”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *gwern, from Proto-Celtic *wernā (compare Old Irish fern). Cognate with Old Armenian գերան (geran) and Albanian verr (“alder”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gwernen",
"tags": [
"singulative"
]
},
{
"form": "gwerni",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwernydd",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwernau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwernenni",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwernennau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gwern",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "wern",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "ngwern",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"10": "gwernau",
"11": "or",
"12": "gwernenni",
"13": "or",
"14": "gwernennau",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singulative",
"4": "gwernen",
"5": "plural",
"6": "gwerni",
"7": "or",
"8": "gwernydd",
"9": "or",
"g": "f-p"
},
"expansion": "gwern f pl (singulative gwernen, plural gwerni or gwernydd or gwernau or gwernenni or gwernennau)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 1 1 1 7 1 11 11 17 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 0 0 0 7 0 11 11 17 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 21 26 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 19 23 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh pluralia tantum",
"parents": [
"Pluralia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 20 21 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Fagales order plants",
"orig": "cy:Fagales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Trees",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 24 21 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Woods",
"orig": "cy:Woods",
"parents": [
"Natural materials",
"Trees",
"Materials",
"Nature",
"Plants",
"Manufacturing",
"All topics",
"Lifeforms",
"Human activity",
"Fundamental",
"Life",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 16 25 11 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Ship parts",
"orig": "cy:Ship parts",
"parents": [
"Nautical",
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alders (Alnus)",
"masts of ships"
],
"id": "en-gwern-cy-noun-MBQjlJmO",
"links": [
[
"alder",
"alder"
],
[
"Alnus",
"Alnus#Translingual"
],
[
"mast",
"mast"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hwylbrenni"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 1 1 1 7 1 11 11 17 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 0 0 0 7 0 11 11 17 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 21 26 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 19 23 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh pluralia tantum",
"parents": [
"Pluralia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 20 21 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Fagales order plants",
"orig": "cy:Fagales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Trees",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 24 21 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Woods",
"orig": "cy:Woods",
"parents": [
"Natural materials",
"Trees",
"Materials",
"Nature",
"Plants",
"Manufacturing",
"All topics",
"Lifeforms",
"Human activity",
"Fundamental",
"Life",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alders (Alnus)",
"sticks, staves, shafts of lances"
],
"id": "en-gwern-cy-noun-F5vWpbO9",
"links": [
[
"alder",
"alder"
],
[
"Alnus",
"Alnus#Translingual"
],
[
"stick",
"stick"
],
[
"stave",
"stave"
],
[
"shaft",
"shaft"
],
[
"lance",
"lance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"alders (Alnus)",
"(alder) sticks, staves, shafts of lances"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 1 1 1 7 1 11 11 17 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 0 0 0 7 0 11 11 17 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 21 26 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 19 23 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh pluralia tantum",
"parents": [
"Pluralia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 20 21 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Fagales order plants",
"orig": "cy:Fagales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Trees",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 24 21 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Woods",
"orig": "cy:Woods",
"parents": [
"Natural materials",
"Trees",
"Materials",
"Nature",
"Plants",
"Manufacturing",
"All topics",
"Lifeforms",
"Human activity",
"Fundamental",
"Life",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"made of alder, aldern"
],
"id": "en-gwern-cy-noun-X~-Y2E~Q",
"links": [
[
"aldern",
"aldern"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 1 1 1 7 1 11 11 17 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 0 0 0 7 0 11 11 17 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 21 26 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 19 23 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh pluralia tantum",
"parents": [
"Pluralia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 20 21 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Fagales order plants",
"orig": "cy:Fagales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Trees",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 24 21 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Woods",
"orig": "cy:Woods",
"parents": [
"Natural materials",
"Trees",
"Materials",
"Nature",
"Plants",
"Manufacturing",
"All topics",
"Lifeforms",
"Human activity",
"Fundamental",
"Life",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alder carr, alder grove, alder marsh, swamp"
],
"id": "en-gwern-cy-noun-aQwLSJL3",
"links": [
[
"alder carr",
"alder carr"
],
[
"grove",
"grove"
],
[
"marsh",
"marsh"
],
[
"swamp",
"swamp"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gwernllwyn"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 1 1 1 7 1 11 11 17 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 0 0 0 7 0 11 11 17 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 21 26 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 19 23 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh pluralia tantum",
"parents": [
"Pluralia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 20 21 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Fagales order plants",
"orig": "cy:Fagales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Trees",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 24 21 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Woods",
"orig": "cy:Woods",
"parents": [
"Natural materials",
"Trees",
"Materials",
"Nature",
"Plants",
"Manufacturing",
"All topics",
"Lifeforms",
"Human activity",
"Fundamental",
"Life",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alder carr, alder grove, alder marsh, swamp",
"hell"
],
"id": "en-gwern-cy-noun-fIdSH7IW",
"links": [
[
"alder carr",
"alder carr"
],
[
"grove",
"grove"
],
[
"marsh",
"marsh"
],
[
"swamp",
"swamp"
],
[
"hell",
"hell"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"alder carr, alder grove, alder marsh, swamp",
"(sometimes figuratively) hell"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gwernllwyn"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively",
"plural",
"sometimes"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡwɛrn/"
}
],
"word": "gwern"
}
{
"categories": [
"Breton entries with incorrect language header",
"Breton feminine nouns",
"Breton lemmas",
"Breton nouns",
"Breton terms derived from Middle Breton",
"Breton terms derived from Old Breton",
"Breton terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Breton terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Breton terms inherited from Middle Breton",
"Breton terms inherited from Old Breton",
"Breton terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Breton terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for gender in Breton entries",
"br:Fagales order plants",
"br:Ship parts",
"br:Woods",
"cy:Fagales order plants",
"cy:Ship parts",
"cy:Woods"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "xbm",
"3": "guern"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton guern",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "obt",
"3": "guern, guaern"
},
"expansion": "Old Breton guern, guaern",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*gwern"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *gwern",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*wernā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *wernā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "uerna"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish uerna",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "fern"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish fern",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "vergne"
},
"expansion": "French vergne",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Breton guern, from Old Breton guern, guaern, from Proto-Brythonic *gwern, from Proto-Celtic *wernā (compare Gaulish uerna, Old Irish fern and French vergne).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gwernioù",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwernenn",
"tags": [
"singulative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"10": "{{{p3}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{d}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{c}}}",
"15": "singulative",
"16": "gwernenn",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{s2}}}",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "gwernioù",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{p2}}}",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"f5accel-form": "d",
"f7accel-form": "sgl",
"f8accel-form": "s",
"g": "?",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "gwern ? (plural gwernioù, singulative gwernenn)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"p": "gwernioù",
"s": "gwernenn"
},
"expansion": "gwern ? (plural gwernioù, singulative gwernenn)",
"name": "br-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"alders"
],
"links": [
[
"alder",
"alder"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡwɛrn/"
}
],
"word": "gwern"
}
{
"categories": [
"Breton entries with incorrect language header",
"Breton feminine nouns",
"Breton lemmas",
"Breton nouns",
"Breton terms derived from Middle Breton",
"Breton terms derived from Old Breton",
"Breton terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Breton terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Breton terms inherited from Middle Breton",
"Breton terms inherited from Old Breton",
"Breton terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Breton terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for gender in Breton entries",
"br:Fagales order plants",
"br:Ship parts",
"br:Woods",
"cy:Fagales order plants",
"cy:Ship parts",
"cy:Woods"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "xbm",
"3": "guern"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton guern",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "obt",
"3": "guern, guaern"
},
"expansion": "Old Breton guern, guaern",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*gwern"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *gwern",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*wernā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *wernā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "uerna"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish uerna",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "fern"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish fern",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "vergne"
},
"expansion": "French vergne",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Breton guern, from Old Breton guern, guaern, from Proto-Brythonic *gwern, from Proto-Celtic *wernā (compare Gaulish uerna, Old Irish fern and French vergne).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gwernioù",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"10": "{{{p3}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{d}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{c}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{s}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{s2}}}",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "gwernioù",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{p2}}}",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"f5accel-form": "d",
"f7accel-form": "sgl",
"f8accel-form": "s",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "gwern f (plural gwernioù)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"p": "gwernioù"
},
"expansion": "gwern f (plural gwernioù)",
"name": "br-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"mast"
],
"links": [
[
"mast",
"mast"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"swamp"
],
"links": [
[
"swamp",
"swamp"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡwɛrn/"
}
],
"word": "gwern"
}
{
"categories": [
"Cornish entries with incorrect language header",
"Cornish lemmas",
"Cornish masculine nouns",
"Cornish nouns",
"Cornish terms derived from Old Cornish",
"Cornish terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Cornish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Cornish terms inherited from Old Cornish",
"Cornish terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Cornish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"cy:Fagales order plants",
"cy:Ship parts",
"cy:Woods",
"kw:Fagales order plants",
"kw:Ship parts",
"kw:Woods"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "oco",
"3": "guern"
},
"expansion": "Old Cornish guern",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*gwern"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *gwern",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*wernā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *wernā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "uerna"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish uerna",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "fern"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish fern",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "vergne"
},
"expansion": "French vergne",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Cornish guern, from Proto-Brythonic *gwern, from Proto-Celtic *wernā (compare Gaulish uerna, Old Irish fern and French vergne).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gwernen",
"tags": [
"singulative"
]
},
{
"form": "gwernennow",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwernednow",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "kw-mut-cons",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gwern",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"unmutated"
]
},
{
"form": "wern",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "kwern",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "hwern",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-mixed"
]
},
{
"form": "wern",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"after-th",
"mutation",
"mutation-mixed"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singulative",
"4": "gwernen",
"5": "plural",
"6": "gwernennow",
"7": "or",
"8": "gwernednow",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "gwern m (singulative gwernen, plural gwernennow or gwernednow)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gw",
"2": "ern"
},
"name": "kw-mut-cons"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cornish collective nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"alder"
],
"links": [
[
"alder",
"alder"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collective) alder"
],
"tags": [
"collective",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Cornish collective nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"alder",
"swamp, marsh, marshland"
],
"links": [
[
"alder",
"alder"
],
[
"swamp",
"swamp"
],
[
"marsh",
"marsh"
],
[
"marshland",
"marshland"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collective) alder",
"swamp, marsh, marshland"
],
"tags": [
"collective",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"mast"
],
"links": [
[
"singular",
"singular"
],
[
"mast",
"mast"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the singular) mast"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡwɛrn/"
}
],
"word": "gwern"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh feminine nouns",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh pluralia tantum",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"cy:Fagales order plants",
"cy:Ship parts",
"cy:Woods"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "marsh harrier",
"word": "boda gwerni"
},
{
"english": "alder bolete",
"word": "boled gwern"
},
{
"english": "swamp sparrow",
"word": "bras gwerni"
},
{
"english": "alder cap",
"word": "cap gwernydd"
},
{
"english": "alder milkcap",
"word": "cap llaeth gwernydd"
},
{
"english": "alder goblet",
"word": "cwpan gwern"
},
{
"english": "mainmasts",
"word": "gwern fawr"
},
{
"english": "foremasts",
"word": "gwern flaen"
},
{
"english": "green alders",
"word": "gwern gwerdd"
},
{
"english": "mizzenmasts",
"word": "gwern ôl"
},
{
"english": "alder grove",
"word": "gwernllwyn"
},
{
"english": "abounding in alders",
"word": "gwernog"
},
{
"english": "alder flycatcher",
"word": "gwybedog y gwern"
},
{
"english": "marsh warbler",
"word": "telor y gwerni"
},
{
"english": "marsh tit",
"word": "titw'r wern"
},
{
"english": "alder bracket",
"word": "ysgwydd y gwern"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*gwern"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *gwern",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*wernā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *wernā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "fern"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish fern",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "գերան"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian գերան (geran)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "verr",
"3": "",
"4": "alder"
},
"expansion": "Albanian verr (“alder”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *gwern, from Proto-Celtic *wernā (compare Old Irish fern). Cognate with Old Armenian գերան (geran) and Albanian verr (“alder”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gwernen",
"tags": [
"singulative"
]
},
{
"form": "gwerni",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwernydd",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwernau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwernenni",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwernennau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gwern",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "wern",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "ngwern",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"10": "gwernau",
"11": "or",
"12": "gwernenni",
"13": "or",
"14": "gwernennau",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singulative",
"4": "gwernen",
"5": "plural",
"6": "gwerni",
"7": "or",
"8": "gwernydd",
"9": "or",
"g": "f-p"
},
"expansion": "gwern f pl (singulative gwernen, plural gwerni or gwernydd or gwernau or gwernenni or gwernennau)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"alders (Alnus)",
"masts of ships"
],
"links": [
[
"alder",
"alder"
],
[
"Alnus",
"Alnus#Translingual"
],
[
"mast",
"mast"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hwylbrenni"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"alders (Alnus)",
"sticks, staves, shafts of lances"
],
"links": [
[
"alder",
"alder"
],
[
"Alnus",
"Alnus#Translingual"
],
[
"stick",
"stick"
],
[
"stave",
"stave"
],
[
"shaft",
"shaft"
],
[
"lance",
"lance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"alders (Alnus)",
"(alder) sticks, staves, shafts of lances"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"made of alder, aldern"
],
"links": [
[
"aldern",
"aldern"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"alder carr, alder grove, alder marsh, swamp"
],
"links": [
[
"alder carr",
"alder carr"
],
[
"grove",
"grove"
],
[
"marsh",
"marsh"
],
[
"swamp",
"swamp"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gwernllwyn"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"alder carr, alder grove, alder marsh, swamp",
"hell"
],
"links": [
[
"alder carr",
"alder carr"
],
[
"grove",
"grove"
],
[
"marsh",
"marsh"
],
[
"swamp",
"swamp"
],
[
"hell",
"hell"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"alder carr, alder grove, alder marsh, swamp",
"(sometimes figuratively) hell"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gwernllwyn"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively",
"plural",
"sometimes"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡwɛrn/"
}
],
"word": "gwern"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gwern meaning in All languages combined (12.2kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: gwern/Cornish 'hard' base_tags={'mutation-soft', 'mutation-aspirate', 'unmutated', 'mutation'}",
"path": [
"gwern"
],
"section": "Cornish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "gwern",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: alder",
"path": [
"gwern"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "gwern",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: alder",
"path": [
"gwern"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "gwern",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2522",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Welsh]; cleaned text: wern, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"gwern"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "gwern",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2522",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Welsh]; cleaned text: ngwern, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"gwern"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "gwern",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2530",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Welsh]; cleaned text: unchanged, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"gwern"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "gwern",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'unchanged'",
"path": [
"gwern"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "gwern",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.