See gwern in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "marsh harrier",
"word": "boda gwerni"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "alder bolete",
"word": "boled gwern"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "swamp sparrow",
"word": "bras gwerni"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "alder cap",
"word": "cap gwernydd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "alder milkcap",
"word": "cap llaeth gwernydd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "alder goblet",
"word": "cwpan gwern"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "mainmasts",
"word": "gwern fawr"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "foremasts",
"word": "gwern flaen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "green alders",
"word": "gwern gwerdd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "mizzenmasts",
"word": "gwern ôl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "alder grove",
"word": "gwernllwyn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "abounding in alders",
"word": "gwernog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "alder grove",
"word": "gwernos"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "alder flycatcher",
"word": "gwybedog y gwern"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "marsh warbler",
"word": "telor y gwerni"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "marsh tit",
"word": "titw'r wern"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "alder bracket",
"word": "ysgwydd y gwern"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*gwern"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *gwern",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*wernā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *wernā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "fern"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish fern",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "գերան"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian գերան (geran)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "verr",
"3": "",
"4": "alder"
},
"expansion": "Albanian verr (“alder”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *gwern, from Proto-Celtic *wernā (compare Old Irish fern). Cognate with Old Armenian գերան (geran) and Albanian verr (“alder”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gwernen",
"tags": [
"singulative"
]
},
{
"form": "gwerni",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwernydd",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwernau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwernenni",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwernennau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gwern",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "wern",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "ngwern",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"10": "gwernau",
"11": "or",
"12": "gwernenni",
"13": "or",
"14": "gwernennau",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singulative",
"4": "gwernen",
"5": "plural",
"6": "gwerni",
"7": "or",
"8": "gwernydd",
"9": "or",
"g": "f-p"
},
"expansion": "gwern f pl (singulative gwernen, plural gwerni or gwernydd or gwernau or gwernenni or gwernennau)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 1 1 1 7 1 11 11 17 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 0 0 0 7 0 11 11 17 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 21 26 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 19 23 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh pluralia tantum",
"parents": [
"Pluralia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 20 21 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Fagales order plants",
"orig": "cy:Fagales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Trees",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 23 21 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Woods",
"orig": "cy:Woods",
"parents": [
"Natural materials",
"Trees",
"Materials",
"Nature",
"Plants",
"Manufacturing",
"All topics",
"Lifeforms",
"Human activity",
"Fundamental",
"Life",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 16 25 11 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Ship parts",
"orig": "cy:Ship parts",
"parents": [
"Nautical",
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alders (Alnus)",
"masts of ships"
],
"id": "en-gwern-cy-noun-MBQjlJmO",
"links": [
[
"alder",
"alder"
],
[
"Alnus",
"Alnus#Translingual"
],
[
"mast",
"mast"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hwylbrenni"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 1 1 1 7 1 11 11 17 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 0 0 0 7 0 11 11 17 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 21 26 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 19 23 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh pluralia tantum",
"parents": [
"Pluralia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 20 21 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Fagales order plants",
"orig": "cy:Fagales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Trees",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 23 21 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Woods",
"orig": "cy:Woods",
"parents": [
"Natural materials",
"Trees",
"Materials",
"Nature",
"Plants",
"Manufacturing",
"All topics",
"Lifeforms",
"Human activity",
"Fundamental",
"Life",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alders (Alnus)",
"sticks, staves, shafts of lances"
],
"id": "en-gwern-cy-noun-F5vWpbO9",
"links": [
[
"alder",
"alder"
],
[
"Alnus",
"Alnus#Translingual"
],
[
"stick",
"stick"
],
[
"stave",
"stave"
],
[
"shaft",
"shaft"
],
[
"lance",
"lance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"alders (Alnus)",
"(alder) sticks, staves, shafts of lances"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 1 1 1 7 1 11 11 17 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 0 0 0 7 0 11 11 17 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 21 26 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 19 23 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh pluralia tantum",
"parents": [
"Pluralia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 20 21 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Fagales order plants",
"orig": "cy:Fagales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Trees",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 23 21 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Woods",
"orig": "cy:Woods",
"parents": [
"Natural materials",
"Trees",
"Materials",
"Nature",
"Plants",
"Manufacturing",
"All topics",
"Lifeforms",
"Human activity",
"Fundamental",
"Life",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"made of alder, aldern"
],
"id": "en-gwern-cy-noun-X~-Y2E~Q",
"links": [
[
"aldern",
"aldern"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 1 1 1 7 1 11 11 17 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 0 0 0 7 0 11 11 17 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 21 26 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 19 23 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh pluralia tantum",
"parents": [
"Pluralia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 20 21 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Fagales order plants",
"orig": "cy:Fagales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Trees",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 23 21 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Woods",
"orig": "cy:Woods",
"parents": [
"Natural materials",
"Trees",
"Materials",
"Nature",
"Plants",
"Manufacturing",
"All topics",
"Lifeforms",
"Human activity",
"Fundamental",
"Life",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alder carr, alder grove, alder marsh, swamp"
],
"id": "en-gwern-cy-noun-aQwLSJL3",
"links": [
[
"alder carr",
"alder carr"
],
[
"grove",
"grove"
],
[
"marsh",
"marsh"
],
[
"swamp",
"swamp"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gwernllwyn"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 1 1 1 7 1 11 11 17 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 0 0 0 7 0 11 11 17 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 21 26 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 19 23 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh pluralia tantum",
"parents": [
"Pluralia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 20 21 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Fagales order plants",
"orig": "cy:Fagales order plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Trees",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 23 21 21",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Woods",
"orig": "cy:Woods",
"parents": [
"Natural materials",
"Trees",
"Materials",
"Nature",
"Plants",
"Manufacturing",
"All topics",
"Lifeforms",
"Human activity",
"Fundamental",
"Life",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alder carr, alder grove, alder marsh, swamp",
"hell"
],
"id": "en-gwern-cy-noun-fIdSH7IW",
"links": [
[
"alder carr",
"alder carr"
],
[
"grove",
"grove"
],
[
"marsh",
"marsh"
],
[
"swamp",
"swamp"
],
[
"hell",
"hell"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"alder carr, alder grove, alder marsh, swamp",
"(sometimes figuratively) hell"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gwernllwyn"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively",
"plural",
"sometimes"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡwɛrn/"
}
],
"word": "gwern"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh feminine nouns",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh pluralia tantum",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"cy:Fagales order plants",
"cy:Ship parts",
"cy:Woods"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "marsh harrier",
"word": "boda gwerni"
},
{
"english": "alder bolete",
"word": "boled gwern"
},
{
"english": "swamp sparrow",
"word": "bras gwerni"
},
{
"english": "alder cap",
"word": "cap gwernydd"
},
{
"english": "alder milkcap",
"word": "cap llaeth gwernydd"
},
{
"english": "alder goblet",
"word": "cwpan gwern"
},
{
"english": "mainmasts",
"word": "gwern fawr"
},
{
"english": "foremasts",
"word": "gwern flaen"
},
{
"english": "green alders",
"word": "gwern gwerdd"
},
{
"english": "mizzenmasts",
"word": "gwern ôl"
},
{
"english": "alder grove",
"word": "gwernllwyn"
},
{
"english": "abounding in alders",
"word": "gwernog"
},
{
"english": "alder grove",
"word": "gwernos"
},
{
"english": "alder flycatcher",
"word": "gwybedog y gwern"
},
{
"english": "marsh warbler",
"word": "telor y gwerni"
},
{
"english": "marsh tit",
"word": "titw'r wern"
},
{
"english": "alder bracket",
"word": "ysgwydd y gwern"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*gwern"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *gwern",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*wernā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *wernā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "fern"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish fern",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "գերան"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian գերան (geran)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "verr",
"3": "",
"4": "alder"
},
"expansion": "Albanian verr (“alder”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *gwern, from Proto-Celtic *wernā (compare Old Irish fern). Cognate with Old Armenian գերան (geran) and Albanian verr (“alder”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gwernen",
"tags": [
"singulative"
]
},
{
"form": "gwerni",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwernydd",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwernau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwernenni",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gwernennau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gwern",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "wern",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "ngwern",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"10": "gwernau",
"11": "or",
"12": "gwernenni",
"13": "or",
"14": "gwernennau",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singulative",
"4": "gwernen",
"5": "plural",
"6": "gwerni",
"7": "or",
"8": "gwernydd",
"9": "or",
"g": "f-p"
},
"expansion": "gwern f pl (singulative gwernen, plural gwerni or gwernydd or gwernau or gwernenni or gwernennau)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"alders (Alnus)",
"masts of ships"
],
"links": [
[
"alder",
"alder"
],
[
"Alnus",
"Alnus#Translingual"
],
[
"mast",
"mast"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hwylbrenni"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"alders (Alnus)",
"sticks, staves, shafts of lances"
],
"links": [
[
"alder",
"alder"
],
[
"Alnus",
"Alnus#Translingual"
],
[
"stick",
"stick"
],
[
"stave",
"stave"
],
[
"shaft",
"shaft"
],
[
"lance",
"lance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"alders (Alnus)",
"(alder) sticks, staves, shafts of lances"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"made of alder, aldern"
],
"links": [
[
"aldern",
"aldern"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"alder carr, alder grove, alder marsh, swamp"
],
"links": [
[
"alder carr",
"alder carr"
],
[
"grove",
"grove"
],
[
"marsh",
"marsh"
],
[
"swamp",
"swamp"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gwernllwyn"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"alder carr, alder grove, alder marsh, swamp",
"hell"
],
"links": [
[
"alder carr",
"alder carr"
],
[
"grove",
"grove"
],
[
"marsh",
"marsh"
],
[
"swamp",
"swamp"
],
[
"hell",
"hell"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"alder carr, alder grove, alder marsh, swamp",
"(sometimes figuratively) hell"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gwernllwyn"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively",
"plural",
"sometimes"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡwɛrn/"
}
],
"word": "gwern"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gwern meaning in Welsh (4.4kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: alder",
"path": [
"gwern"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "gwern",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: alder",
"path": [
"gwern"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "gwern",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: gwern/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"gwern"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "gwern",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: gwern/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"gwern"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "gwern",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: gwern/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"gwern"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "gwern",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.