See guile on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gile"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gile",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "gile"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman gile",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "guile",
"4": "",
"5": "deception"
},
"expansion": "Old French guile (“deception”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*wīl",
"t": "ruse"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *wīl (“ruse”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wīlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wīlą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn, bend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wile",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "wile",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gile, from Anglo-Norman gile, from Old French guile (“deception”), from Frankish *wīl (“ruse”), from Proto-Germanic *wīlą, from Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”). Cognate via Proto-Germanic with wile.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "guiles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "guile (countable and uncountable, plural guiles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"guile"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012 April 24, Phil Dawkes, “Barcelona 2-2 Chelsea”, in BBC Sport:",
"text": "It was a result that owed a lot to a moment of guile from Ramires but more to a display of guts from the Brazilian and his team-mates after Terry's needless dismissal eight minutes before half-time for driving a knee into the back of Alexis Sanchez off the ball.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011 November 11, Rory Houston, “Estonia 0-4 Republic of Ireland”, in RTE Sport:",
"text": "Estonia were struggling to get to grips with the game while Ireland were showing a composure and guile that demonstrated their experience in play-off ties.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Astuteness often marked by a certain sense of cunning or artful deception."
],
"id": "en-guile-en-noun-pj-dannD",
"links": [
[
"Astuteness",
"astuteness"
],
[
"cunning",
"cunning"
],
[
"artful",
"artful"
],
[
"deception",
"deception"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Astuteness often marked by a certain sense of cunning or artful deception."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "hitrost",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "хитрост"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "astúcia"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "guǐjì",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "詭計 /诡计"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "slinksheid"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "valsheid"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "bedrog"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "juonikkuus"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "kavaluus"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "oveluus"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruse"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fourberie"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Gerissenheit"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hinterhältigkeit"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "ármány"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "álnokság"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "csalárdság"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "vélabrögð"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kænska"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "slægð"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "astutia"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "meang"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "astuzia"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "inganno"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "frode"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "rauhanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "przebiegłość"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "astúcia"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xítrostʹ",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "хи́трость"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kovárstvo",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "кова́рство"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "astucia"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 9",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "list"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 60 5 11 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "6 75 19",
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"_dis": "15 69 16",
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{
"_dis": "9 77 15",
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"_dis": "12 72 16",
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{
"_dis": "8 76 16",
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{
"_dis": "9 75 16",
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"_dis": "13 71 16",
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"_dis": "14 70 16",
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"_dis": "9 75 16",
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"_dis": "9 74 18",
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{
"_dis": "13 71 16",
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, John 1:47:",
"text": "Jesus saw Nathanael coming to him, and saith of him, Behold an Israelite indeed, in whom is no guile!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty."
],
"id": "en-guile-en-noun-9QeEj8db",
"links": [
[
"Deceptiveness",
"deceptiveness"
],
[
"deceit",
"deceit"
],
[
"fraud",
"fraud"
],
[
"duplicity",
"duplicity"
],
[
"dishonesty",
"dishonesty"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izmama",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "измама"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kovarstvo",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "коварство"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "engany"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "záludnost"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lstivost"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "úskočnost"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "podvod"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"word": "misleiding"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"word": "vilppi"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"word": "huijaus"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"word": "petkutus"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"word": "harhautus"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hinterlist"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Täuschung"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Betrug"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dolus"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"word": "māminga"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"word": "whakaware"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"word": "hīanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"word": "compassement"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"word": "compassyng"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obman",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"word": "обман"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "verolomstvo",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"word": "вероломство"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "trampa"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "engaño"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡaɪl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-guile.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-guile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-guile.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪl"
}
],
"word": "guile"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gile"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gile",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "gile"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman gile",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "guile",
"4": "",
"5": "deception"
},
"expansion": "Old French guile (“deception”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*wīl",
"t": "ruse"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *wīl (“ruse”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wīlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wīlą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn, bend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wile",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "wile",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gile, from Anglo-Norman gile, from Old French guile (“deception”), from Frankish *wīl (“ruse”), from Proto-Germanic *wīlą, from Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”). Cognate via Proto-Germanic with wile.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "guiles",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "guiling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "guiled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "guiled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "guile (third-person singular simple present guiles, present participle guiling, simple past and past participle guiled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"guile"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "beguile"
},
{
"word": "guileful"
},
{
"word": "guileless"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:",
"text": "Who means no guile, be guiled soonest shall",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To deceive, beguile, bewile."
],
"id": "en-guile-en-verb-k-ALhQkD",
"links": [
[
"deceive",
"deceive"
],
[
"beguile",
"beguile"
],
[
"bewile",
"bewile"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "wile"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mamja",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "мамя"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "hitruvam",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "хитрувам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "enganyar"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qīpiàn",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "欺騙 /欺骗"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qīmán",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "欺瞞 /欺瞒"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "podvést"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "juonia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "juonitella"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "viekastella"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "tromper"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "entourlouper"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "irreleiten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "irreführen"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "véla"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "tæla"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "ingannare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "turlupinare"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "whakaware"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "hīanga"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obmányvatʹ",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "обма́нывать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obmanútʹ",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "обману́ть"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡaɪl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-guile.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-guile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-guile.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-guile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-guile.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪl"
}
],
"word": "guile"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Variant forms.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "guile",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "gold"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete form of gold."
],
"id": "en-guile-en-noun-tZw3l1KM",
"links": [
[
"gold",
"gold#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "gyle"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of gyle"
],
"id": "en-guile-en-noun-OZbOqUUe",
"links": [
[
"gyle",
"gyle#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "guile"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "guile",
"3": "guille"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: guile, guille",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: guile, guille"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "guile",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: guile",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: guile"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*wīl"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *wīl",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wīlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wīlą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn, bend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Frankish *wīl, from Proto-Germanic *wīlą, from Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "guile oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "guiles",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "guile",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "guiles",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "guile oblique singular, f (oblique plural guiles, nominative singular guile, nominative plural guiles)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "he hid himself using this deception",
"ref": "c. 1176, Chrétien de Troyes, Cligès:",
"text": "si se çoile par itel guile",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "You know very well how to use trickery",
"ref": "c. 1250, Rutebeuf, Ci encoumence li miracles que nostre Dame fist dou soucretain et d'une dame:",
"text": "Moult saveiz bien servir de guile.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"trickery; deception"
],
"id": "en-guile-fro-noun--jrw1RGJ",
"links": [
[
"trickery",
"trickery"
],
[
"deception",
"deception"
]
]
}
],
"word": "guile"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/aɪl",
"Rhymes:English/aɪl/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Middle English translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gile"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gile",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "gile"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman gile",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "guile",
"4": "",
"5": "deception"
},
"expansion": "Old French guile (“deception”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*wīl",
"t": "ruse"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *wīl (“ruse”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wīlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wīlą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn, bend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wile",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "wile",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gile, from Anglo-Norman gile, from Old French guile (“deception”), from Frankish *wīl (“ruse”), from Proto-Germanic *wīlą, from Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”). Cognate via Proto-Germanic with wile.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "guiles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "guile (countable and uncountable, plural guiles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"guile"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012 April 24, Phil Dawkes, “Barcelona 2-2 Chelsea”, in BBC Sport:",
"text": "It was a result that owed a lot to a moment of guile from Ramires but more to a display of guts from the Brazilian and his team-mates after Terry's needless dismissal eight minutes before half-time for driving a knee into the back of Alexis Sanchez off the ball.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011 November 11, Rory Houston, “Estonia 0-4 Republic of Ireland”, in RTE Sport:",
"text": "Estonia were struggling to get to grips with the game while Ireland were showing a composure and guile that demonstrated their experience in play-off ties.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Astuteness often marked by a certain sense of cunning or artful deception."
],
"links": [
[
"Astuteness",
"astuteness"
],
[
"cunning",
"cunning"
],
[
"artful",
"artful"
],
[
"deception",
"deception"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Astuteness often marked by a certain sense of cunning or artful deception."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, John 1:47:",
"text": "Jesus saw Nathanael coming to him, and saith of him, Behold an Israelite indeed, in whom is no guile!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty."
],
"links": [
[
"Deceptiveness",
"deceptiveness"
],
[
"deceit",
"deceit"
],
[
"fraud",
"fraud"
],
[
"duplicity",
"duplicity"
],
[
"dishonesty",
"dishonesty"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡaɪl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-guile.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-guile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-guile.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-guile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-guile.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪl"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "hitrost",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "хитрост"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "astúcia"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "guǐjì",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "詭計 /诡计"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "slinksheid"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "valsheid"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "bedrog"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "juonikkuus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "kavaluus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "oveluus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruse"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fourberie"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Gerissenheit"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hinterhältigkeit"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "ármány"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "álnokság"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "csalárdság"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "vélabrögð"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kænska"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "slægð"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "astutia"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "meang"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "astuzia"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "inganno"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "frode"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"word": "rauhanga"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "przebiegłość"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "astúcia"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xítrostʹ",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "хи́трость"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kovárstvo",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "кова́рство"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "astucia"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "astuteness, cunning",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "list"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izmama",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "измама"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kovarstvo",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "коварство"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "engany"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "záludnost"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lstivost"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "úskočnost"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "podvod"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"word": "misleiding"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"word": "vilppi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"word": "huijaus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"word": "petkutus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"word": "harhautus"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hinterlist"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Täuschung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Betrug"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dolus"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"word": "māminga"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"word": "whakaware"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"word": "hīanga"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"word": "compassement"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"word": "compassyng"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obman",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"word": "обман"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "verolomstvo",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"word": "вероломство"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "trampa"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "engaño"
}
],
"word": "guile"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/aɪl",
"Rhymes:English/aɪl/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Middle English translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "beguile"
},
{
"word": "guileful"
},
{
"word": "guileless"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gile"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gile",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "gile"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman gile",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "guile",
"4": "",
"5": "deception"
},
"expansion": "Old French guile (“deception”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*wīl",
"t": "ruse"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *wīl (“ruse”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wīlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wīlą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn, bend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wile",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "wile",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gile, from Anglo-Norman gile, from Old French guile (“deception”), from Frankish *wīl (“ruse”), from Proto-Germanic *wīlą, from Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”). Cognate via Proto-Germanic with wile.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "guiles",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "guiling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "guiled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "guiled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "guile (third-person singular simple present guiles, present participle guiling, simple past and past participle guiled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"guile"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "wile"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:",
"text": "Who means no guile, be guiled soonest shall",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To deceive, beguile, bewile."
],
"links": [
[
"deceive",
"deceive"
],
[
"beguile",
"beguile"
],
[
"bewile",
"bewile"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡaɪl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-guile.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-guile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-guile.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-guile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-guile.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪl"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mamja",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "мамя"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "hitruvam",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "хитрувам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "enganyar"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qīpiàn",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "欺騙 /欺骗"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qīmán",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "欺瞞 /欺瞒"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "podvést"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "juonia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "juonitella"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "viekastella"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "tromper"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "entourlouper"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "irreleiten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "irreführen"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "véla"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "tæla"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "ingannare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "turlupinare"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "whakaware"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"word": "hīanga"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obmányvatʹ",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "обма́нывать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obmanútʹ",
"sense": "to deceive, to beguile",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "обману́ть"
}
],
"word": "guile"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Variant forms.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "guile",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "gold"
}
],
"categories": [
"English obsolete forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete form of gold."
],
"links": [
[
"gold",
"gold#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "gyle"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of gyle"
],
"links": [
[
"gyle",
"gyle#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "guile"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "guile",
"3": "guille"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: guile, guille",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: guile, guille"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "guile",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: guile",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: guile"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*wīl"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *wīl",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wīlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wīlą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn, bend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Frankish *wīl, from Proto-Germanic *wīlą, from Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "guile oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "guiles",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "guile",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "guiles",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "guile oblique singular, f (oblique plural guiles, nominative singular guile, nominative plural guiles)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French feminine nouns",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Frankish",
"Old French terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old French terms with quotations",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "he hid himself using this deception",
"ref": "c. 1176, Chrétien de Troyes, Cligès:",
"text": "si se çoile par itel guile",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "You know very well how to use trickery",
"ref": "c. 1250, Rutebeuf, Ci encoumence li miracles que nostre Dame fist dou soucretain et d'une dame:",
"text": "Moult saveiz bien servir de guile.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"trickery; deception"
],
"links": [
[
"trickery",
"trickery"
],
[
"deception",
"deception"
]
]
}
],
"word": "guile"
}
Download raw JSONL data for guile meaning in All languages combined (20.2kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'guile oblique singular or', originally 'guile oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"guile"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "guile",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'guile oblique singular or', originally 'guile oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"guile"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "guile",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['feminine', 'canonical']: 'guile oblique singular or' in 'guile oblique singular, f (oblique plural guiles, nominative singular guile, nominative plural guiles)'",
"path": [
"guile"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "guile",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (9e2b7d3 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.