See guile in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "guile",
"3": "guille"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: guile, guille",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: guile, guille"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "guile",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: guile",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: guile"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*wīl"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *wīl",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wīlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wīlą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn, bend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Frankish *wīl, from Proto-Germanic *wīlą, from Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "guile oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "guiles",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "guile",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "guiles",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "guile oblique singular, f (oblique plural guiles, nominative singular guile, nominative plural guiles)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "he hid himself using this deception",
"ref": "c. 1176, Chrétien de Troyes, Cligès:",
"text": "si se çoile par itel guile",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "You know very well how to use trickery",
"ref": "c. 1250, Rutebeuf, Ci encoumence li miracles que nostre Dame fist dou soucretain et d'une dame:",
"text": "Moult saveiz bien servir de guile.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"trickery; deception"
],
"id": "en-guile-fro-noun--jrw1RGJ",
"links": [
[
"trickery",
"trickery"
],
[
"deception",
"deception"
]
]
}
],
"word": "guile"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "guile",
"3": "guille"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: guile, guille",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: guile, guille"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "guile",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: guile",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: guile"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*wīl"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *wīl",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wīlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wīlą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn, bend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Frankish *wīl, from Proto-Germanic *wīlą, from Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "guile oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "guiles",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "guile",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "guiles",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "guile oblique singular, f (oblique plural guiles, nominative singular guile, nominative plural guiles)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French feminine nouns",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Frankish",
"Old French terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old French terms with quotations",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "he hid himself using this deception",
"ref": "c. 1176, Chrétien de Troyes, Cligès:",
"text": "si se çoile par itel guile",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "You know very well how to use trickery",
"ref": "c. 1250, Rutebeuf, Ci encoumence li miracles que nostre Dame fist dou soucretain et d'une dame:",
"text": "Moult saveiz bien servir de guile.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"trickery; deception"
],
"links": [
[
"trickery",
"trickery"
],
[
"deception",
"deception"
]
]
}
],
"word": "guile"
}
Download raw JSONL data for guile meaning in Old French (2.2kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'guile oblique singular or', originally 'guile oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"guile"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "guile",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'guile oblique singular or', originally 'guile oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"guile"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "guile",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['feminine', 'canonical']: 'guile oblique singular or' in 'guile oblique singular, f (oblique plural guiles, nominative singular guile, nominative plural guiles)'",
"path": [
"guile"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "guile",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.