See wile on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "wile"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wile",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro-nor",
"3": "wile",
"4": "",
"5": "guile"
},
"expansion": "Old Northern French wile (“guile”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wīl",
"4": "",
"5": "wile, trick"
},
"expansion": "Old English wīl (“wile, trick”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wīlą",
"4": "",
"5": "craft, deceit"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wīlą (“craft, deceit”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn, bend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wigulą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wigulą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weyk-",
"4": "",
"5": "to consecrate, hallow, make holy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to consecrate, hallow, make holy”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "vél"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic vél",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "wijle"
},
"expansion": "Dutch wijle",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English wile, wyle, from Old Northern French wile (“guile”) and Old English wīl (“wile, trick”) and wiġle (“divination”), from Proto-Germanic *wīlą (“craft, deceit”) (from Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”)) and Proto-Germanic *wigulą, *wihulą (“prophecy”) (from Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to consecrate, hallow, make holy”)). Cognate with Icelandic vél, væl (“artifice, craft, device, fraud, trick”), Dutch wijle.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wiles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wile (plural wiles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "58 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
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"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "56 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "63 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Gothic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "56 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "62 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "62 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "63 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "62 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "wileful"
},
{
"word": "wily"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He was seduced by her wiles.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book II”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:",
"text": "to frustrate all our plots and wiles",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1796, George Washington, \"Farewell Address\", American Daily Advertiser:",
"text": "Against the insidious wiles of foreign influence (I conjure you to believe me, fellow-citizens,) the jealousy of a free people ought to be constantly awake; since history and experience prove, that foreign influence is one of the most baneful foes of Republican Government.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A trick or stratagem practiced for ensnaring or deception; a sly, insidious artifice"
],
"id": "en-wile-en-noun-nj85QIq-",
"links": [
[
"stratagem",
"stratagem"
],
[
"artifice",
"artifice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually in the plural) A trick or stratagem practiced for ensnaring or deception; a sly, insidious artifice"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "guile"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "beguilement"
},
{
"word": "allurement"
}
],
"tags": [
"plural-normally"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "hitrina",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"word": "хитрина"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ulovka",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "уловка"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"word": "詭計"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "guǐjì",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"word": "诡计"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"word": "計策"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jìcè",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"word": "计策"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trik"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lest"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fígl"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "list"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fint"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sluwigheid"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"word": "kikka"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruse"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "leurre"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schlich"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "lists",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "𐌻𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "poniriá",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πονηριά"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "téchnasma",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "τέχνασμα"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "meang"
},
{
"alt": "さくりゃく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sakuryaku",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"word": "策略"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sūtēla"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"word": "rauhanga"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ulóvka",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "уло́вка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xítrostʹ",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "хи́трость"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uxiščrénije",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ухищре́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "trjuk",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"word": "трюк"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "xýtristʹ",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"word": "хи́трість"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "xytruvánnja",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"word": "хитрува́ння"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/waɪl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-wile.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-wile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-wile.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "while"
}
],
"word": "wile"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "wile"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wile",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro-nor",
"3": "wile",
"4": "",
"5": "guile"
},
"expansion": "Old Northern French wile (“guile”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wīl",
"4": "",
"5": "wile, trick"
},
"expansion": "Old English wīl (“wile, trick”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wīlą",
"4": "",
"5": "craft, deceit"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wīlą (“craft, deceit”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn, bend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wigulą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wigulą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weyk-",
"4": "",
"5": "to consecrate, hallow, make holy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to consecrate, hallow, make holy”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "vél"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic vél",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "wijle"
},
"expansion": "Dutch wijle",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English wile, wyle, from Old Northern French wile (“guile”) and Old English wīl (“wile, trick”) and wiġle (“divination”), from Proto-Germanic *wīlą (“craft, deceit”) (from Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”)) and Proto-Germanic *wigulą, *wihulą (“prophecy”) (from Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to consecrate, hallow, make holy”)). Cognate with Icelandic vél, væl (“artifice, craft, device, fraud, trick”), Dutch wijle.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wiles",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wiling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wiled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "wiled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {},
"expansion": "wile (third-person singular simple present wiles, present participle wiling, simple past and past participle wiled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Gothic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bewile"
},
{
"word": "outwile"
},
{
"word": "wile out"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:",
"text": "He was good to look on, brawly dressed, and with a tongue in his head that would have wiled the bird from the tree.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To entice or lure."
],
"id": "en-wile-en-verb-pXnSCo6h",
"links": [
[
"entice",
"entice"
],
[
"lure",
"lure"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To entice or lure."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/waɪl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-wile.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-wile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-wile.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "while"
}
],
"word": "wile"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "The phrase meaning to pass time idly is while away. We can trace the meaning in an adjectival sense for while back to Old English, hwīlen, \"passing, transitory\". It is also seen in whilend, \"temporary, transitory\". But since wile away occurs so often, it is now included in many dictionaries.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "misspelling"
},
"expansion": "wile",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to pass the time",
"word": "while"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 8 77",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 28 33 1 1 26 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 4 36 29 1 0 21 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Here's a pleasant way to wile away the hours.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1838, Boz [pseudonym; Charles Dickens], Oliver Twist; or, The Parish Boy’s Progress. […], volume (please specify |volume=I, II, or III), London: Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "“A fear of what?” asked the gentleman, who seemed to pity her.\n“I scarcely know of what,” replied the girl. “I wish I did. Horrible thoughts of death, and shrouds with blood upon them, and a fear that has made me burn as if I was on fire, have been upon me all day. I was reading a book to-night, to wile the time away, and the same things came into the print.”",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Misspelling of while (“to pass the time”)."
],
"id": "en-wile-en-verb-W7b1FXMn",
"links": [
[
"while",
"while#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"misspelling"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"ipa": "/waɪl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-wile.wav",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "while"
}
],
"word": "wile"
}
{
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"args": {
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"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "wile",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mapudungun",
"lang_code": "arn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
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"name": "Mapudungun entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
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{
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{
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Raguileo Mapudungun spellings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "arn",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "arn:Time",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 28 33 1 1 26 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tomorrow"
],
"id": "en-wile-arn-noun-uv0VGob5",
"links": [
[
"tomorrow",
"tomorrow"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ule"
},
{
"word": "wvle"
}
],
"tags": [
"Raguileo-Alphabet"
]
}
],
"word": "wile"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "wili"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wile"
},
"expansion": "English: wile",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: wile"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wīl"
},
"expansion": "Old English wīl",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "vél",
"3": "",
"4": "artifice, craft"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse vél (“artifice, craft”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English wīl, wiġle (“wile, trick”), cognate with Old Norse vél (“artifice, craft”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "wile",
"name": "head"
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],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "75 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wile, trick, artifice"
],
"id": "en-wile-enm-noun-umCrMkQB",
"links": [
[
"wile",
"wile#English"
],
[
"trick",
"trick"
],
[
"artifice",
"artifice"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a sorcerer"
],
"id": "en-wile-enm-noun-0tDcberu",
"links": [
[
"sorcerer",
"sorcerer"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwiːl(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "wile"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "wile",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 28 33 1 1 26 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "willan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular present indicative of willan"
],
"id": "en-wile-ang-verb-GTeZEdff",
"links": [
[
"willan",
"willan#Old_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "wile"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "wile m",
"name": "head"
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"wi‧le"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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{
"word": "wił"
}
],
"glosses": [
"locative/vocative singular of wił"
],
"id": "en-wile-pl-noun-yWHT8Mc0",
"links": [
[
"wił",
"wił#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
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}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvi.lɛ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ilɛ"
}
],
"word": "wile"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
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],
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"wi‧le"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "wiła"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dative/locative singular of wiła"
],
"id": "en-wile-pl-noun-uuJ98f31",
"links": [
[
"wiła",
"wiła#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"locative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvi.lɛ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ilɛ"
}
],
"word": "wile"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English misspellings",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old Northern French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/aɪl",
"Rhymes:English/aɪl/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "wileful"
},
{
"word": "wily"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "wile"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wile",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro-nor",
"3": "wile",
"4": "",
"5": "guile"
},
"expansion": "Old Northern French wile (“guile”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wīl",
"4": "",
"5": "wile, trick"
},
"expansion": "Old English wīl (“wile, trick”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wīlą",
"4": "",
"5": "craft, deceit"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wīlą (“craft, deceit”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn, bend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wigulą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wigulą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weyk-",
"4": "",
"5": "to consecrate, hallow, make holy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to consecrate, hallow, make holy”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "vél"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic vél",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "wijle"
},
"expansion": "Dutch wijle",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English wile, wyle, from Old Northern French wile (“guile”) and Old English wīl (“wile, trick”) and wiġle (“divination”), from Proto-Germanic *wīlą (“craft, deceit”) (from Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”)) and Proto-Germanic *wigulą, *wihulą (“prophecy”) (from Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to consecrate, hallow, make holy”)). Cognate with Icelandic vél, væl (“artifice, craft, device, fraud, trick”), Dutch wijle.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wiles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wile (plural wiles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "guile"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He was seduced by her wiles.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book II”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:",
"text": "to frustrate all our plots and wiles",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1796, George Washington, \"Farewell Address\", American Daily Advertiser:",
"text": "Against the insidious wiles of foreign influence (I conjure you to believe me, fellow-citizens,) the jealousy of a free people ought to be constantly awake; since history and experience prove, that foreign influence is one of the most baneful foes of Republican Government.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A trick or stratagem practiced for ensnaring or deception; a sly, insidious artifice"
],
"links": [
[
"stratagem",
"stratagem"
],
[
"artifice",
"artifice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually in the plural) A trick or stratagem practiced for ensnaring or deception; a sly, insidious artifice"
],
"tags": [
"plural-normally"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/waɪl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-wile.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-wile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-wile.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-wile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-wile.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "while"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "beguilement"
},
{
"word": "allurement"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "hitrina",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"word": "хитрина"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ulovka",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "уловка"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"word": "詭計"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "guǐjì",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"word": "诡计"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"word": "計策"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jìcè",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"word": "计策"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trik"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lest"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fígl"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "list"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fint"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sluwigheid"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"word": "kikka"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruse"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "leurre"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schlich"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "lists",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "𐌻𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "poniriá",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πονηριά"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "téchnasma",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "τέχνασμα"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "meang"
},
{
"alt": "さくりゃく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sakuryaku",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"word": "策略"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sūtēla"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"word": "rauhanga"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ulóvka",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "уло́вка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xítrostʹ",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "хи́трость"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uxiščrénije",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ухищре́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "trjuk",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"word": "трюк"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "xýtristʹ",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"word": "хи́трість"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "xytruvánnja",
"sense": "trick or stratagem",
"word": "хитрува́ння"
}
],
"word": "wile"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English misspellings",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old Northern French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/aɪl",
"Rhymes:English/aɪl/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bewile"
},
{
"word": "outwile"
},
{
"word": "wile out"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "wile"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wile",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro-nor",
"3": "wile",
"4": "",
"5": "guile"
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wīl",
"4": "",
"5": "wile, trick"
},
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wīlą",
"4": "",
"5": "craft, deceit"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wīlą (“craft, deceit”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn, bend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wigulą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wigulą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weyk-",
"4": "",
"5": "to consecrate, hallow, make holy"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to consecrate, hallow, make holy”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "vél"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic vél",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "wijle"
},
"expansion": "Dutch wijle",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English wile, wyle, from Old Northern French wile (“guile”) and Old English wīl (“wile, trick”) and wiġle (“divination”), from Proto-Germanic *wīlą (“craft, deceit”) (from Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, bend”)) and Proto-Germanic *wigulą, *wihulą (“prophecy”) (from Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to consecrate, hallow, make holy”)). Cognate with Icelandic vél, væl (“artifice, craft, device, fraud, trick”), Dutch wijle.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wiles",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wiling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wiled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "wiled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wile (third-person singular simple present wiles, present participle wiling, simple past and past participle wiled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:",
"text": "He was good to look on, brawly dressed, and with a tongue in his head that would have wiled the bird from the tree.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To entice or lure."
],
"links": [
[
"entice",
"entice"
],
[
"lure",
"lure"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To entice or lure."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/waɪl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-wile.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-wile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-wile.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-wile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-wile.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "while"
}
],
"word": "wile"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English misspellings",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English terms with homophones",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/aɪl",
"Rhymes:English/aɪl/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "The phrase meaning to pass time idly is while away. We can trace the meaning in an adjectival sense for while back to Old English, hwīlen, \"passing, transitory\". It is also seen in whilend, \"temporary, transitory\". But since wile away occurs so often, it is now included in many dictionaries.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "misspelling"
},
"expansion": "wile",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to pass the time",
"word": "while"
}
],
"categories": [
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"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Here's a pleasant way to wile away the hours.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1838, Boz [pseudonym; Charles Dickens], Oliver Twist; or, The Parish Boy’s Progress. […], volume (please specify |volume=I, II, or III), London: Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "“A fear of what?” asked the gentleman, who seemed to pity her.\n“I scarcely know of what,” replied the girl. “I wish I did. Horrible thoughts of death, and shrouds with blood upon them, and a fear that has made me burn as if I was on fire, have been upon me all day. I was reading a book to-night, to wile the time away, and the same things came into the print.”",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Misspelling of while (“to pass the time”)."
],
"links": [
[
"while",
"while#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"misspelling"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/waɪl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-wile.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-wile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-wile.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-wile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Persent101-wile.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "while"
}
],
"word": "wile"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arn",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "wile",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mapudungun",
"lang_code": "arn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mapudungun entries with incorrect language header",
"Mapudungun lemmas",
"Mapudungun nouns",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Raguileo Mapudungun spellings",
"arn:Time"
],
"glosses": [
"tomorrow"
],
"links": [
[
"tomorrow",
"tomorrow"
]
],
"tags": [
"Raguileo-Alphabet"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ule"
},
{
"word": "wvle"
}
],
"word": "wile"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "wili"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wile"
},
"expansion": "English: wile",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: wile"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wīl"
},
"expansion": "Old English wīl",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "vél",
"3": "",
"4": "artifice, craft"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse vél (“artifice, craft”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English wīl, wiġle (“wile, trick”), cognate with Old Norse vél (“artifice, craft”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "wile",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"wile, trick, artifice"
],
"links": [
[
"wile",
"wile#English"
],
[
"trick",
"trick"
],
[
"artifice",
"artifice"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a sorcerer"
],
"links": [
[
"sorcerer",
"sorcerer"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwiːl(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "wile"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "wile",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English non-lemma forms",
"Old English verb forms",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "willan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular present indicative of willan"
],
"links": [
[
"willan",
"willan#Old_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "wile"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ilɛ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ilɛ/2 syllables"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "wile m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"wi‧le"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "wił"
}
],
"glosses": [
"locative/vocative singular of wił"
],
"links": [
[
"wił",
"wił#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvi.lɛ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ilɛ"
}
],
"word": "wile"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ilɛ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ilɛ/2 syllables"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "wile f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"wi‧le"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "wiła"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dative/locative singular of wiła"
],
"links": [
[
"wiła",
"wiła#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"locative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvi.lɛ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ilɛ"
}
],
"word": "wile"
}
Download raw JSONL data for wile meaning in All languages combined (18.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (d6bf104 and a5af179). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.