"gradual" meaning in All languages combined

See gradual on Wiktionary

Adjective [Catalan]

IPA: [ɡɾə.ðuˈal] [Balearic, Central], [ɡɾa.ðuˈal] [Valencian] Forms: graduals [feminine, masculine, plural]
Rhymes: -al Etymology: Borrowed from Medieval Latin graduālis. Etymology templates: {{glossary|loanword|Borrowed}} Borrowed, {{bor|ca|ML.|graduālis|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Medieval Latin graduālis, {{bor+|ca|ML.|graduālis}} Borrowed from Medieval Latin graduālis Head templates: {{ca-adj}} gradual m or f (masculine and feminine plural graduals)
  1. gradual Tags: feminine, masculine Derived forms: gradualment Related terms: grau
    Sense id: en-gradual-ca-adj-aPwkzNtO Categories (other): Catalan entries with incorrect language header

Adjective [English]

IPA: /ˈɡɹadʒuəl/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈɡɹadjuəl/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈɡɹadʒəl/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈɡɹæd͡ʒuəl/ [General-American], /ˈɡɹæd͡ʒəl/ [General-American], /ˈɡɹɛdʒʉɘl/ [New-Zealand], /ˈɡɹɛdʒɘl/ [New-Zealand] Audio: en-us-gradual.ogg [US] Forms: more gradual [comparative], most gradual [superlative]
Rhymes: (General American) -ædʒəl Etymology: From Medieval Latin graduālis, from Latin gradus (“step”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰradʰ-, *gʰredʰ- (“to walk, go”). Cognate with Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌹𐌸𐍃 (griþs, “step, grade”), Bavarian Gritt (“step, stride”). Etymology templates: {{bor|en|ML.|graduālis}} Medieval Latin graduālis, {{der|en|la|gradus||step}} Latin gradus (“step”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*gʰradʰ-}} Proto-Indo-European *gʰradʰ-, {{m|ine-pro|*gʰredʰ-||to walk, go}} *gʰredʰ- (“to walk, go”), {{cog|got|𐌲𐍂𐌹𐌸𐍃||step, grade}} Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌹𐌸𐍃 (griþs, “step, grade”), {{cog|bar|Gritt||step, stride}} Bavarian Gritt (“step, stride”) Head templates: {{en-adj}} gradual (comparative more gradual, superlative most gradual)
  1. Proceeding or advancing by small, slow, regular steps or degrees Synonyms: stepwise, incremental, gradual, piecemeal, slow Derived forms: gradually, gradual typing Related terms: insidious, incrementally, slow {speed) Translations (proceeding by steps or small degrees): تَدْرِيجِيّ (tadrījiyy) (Arabic), gradual (Asturian), паступо́вы (pastupóvy) (Belarusian), постепенен (postepenen) (Bulgarian), gradual (Catalan), 逐漸的 (Chinese Mandarin), 逐渐的 (zhújiàn de) (Chinese Mandarin), 平緩的 (Chinese Mandarin), 平缓的 (pínghuǎn de) (note: of a slope) (Chinese Mandarin), postupný (Czech), stupňovitý (Czech), gradvis (Danish), trinvis (Danish), geleidelijk (Dutch), gestaag (Dutch), malabrupta (Esperanto), asteittainen (Finnish), vähittäinen (Finnish), graduel (French), gradual (Galician), allmählich (German), graduell (German), schrittweise zunehmend (German), σταδιακός (stadiakós) (Greek), βαθμιαίος (vathmiaíos) (Greek), fokozatos (Hungarian), dréimreach (Irish), graduale (Italian), постепен (postepen) (Macedonian), gradual (Occitan), stopniowy (Polish), gradual (Portuguese), постепе́нный (postepénnyj) (Russian), пла́вный (plávnyj) (Russian), по̀ступан [Cyrillic] (Serbo-Croatian), pòstupan [Latin] (Serbo-Croatian), gradual (Spanish), paulatino (Spanish), gradvis (Swedish), поступо́вий (postupóvyj) (Ukrainian)
    Sense id: en-gradual-en-adj-3CXRpDUy
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: graduall [obsolete]

Noun [English]

IPA: /ˈɡɹadʒuəl/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈɡɹadjuəl/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈɡɹadʒəl/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈɡɹæd͡ʒuəl/ [General-American], /ˈɡɹæd͡ʒəl/ [General-American], /ˈɡɹɛdʒʉɘl/ [New-Zealand], /ˈɡɹɛdʒɘl/ [New-Zealand] Audio: en-us-gradual.ogg [US] Forms: graduals [plural]
Rhymes: (General American) -ædʒəl Etymology: From Medieval Latin graduālis, from Latin gradus (“step”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰradʰ-, *gʰredʰ- (“to walk, go”). Cognate with Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌹𐌸𐍃 (griþs, “step, grade”), Bavarian Gritt (“step, stride”). Etymology templates: {{bor|en|ML.|graduālis}} Medieval Latin graduālis, {{der|en|la|gradus||step}} Latin gradus (“step”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*gʰradʰ-}} Proto-Indo-European *gʰradʰ-, {{m|ine-pro|*gʰredʰ-||to walk, go}} *gʰredʰ- (“to walk, go”), {{cog|got|𐌲𐍂𐌹𐌸𐍃||step, grade}} Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌹𐌸𐍃 (griþs, “step, grade”), {{cog|bar|Gritt||step, stride}} Bavarian Gritt (“step, stride”) Head templates: {{en-noun}} gradual (plural graduals)
  1. (Christianity) An antiphon or responsory after the epistle, in the Mass, which was sung on the steps, or while the deacon ascended the steps. Categories (topical): Christianity Translations (antiphone or responsory): тропар (tropar) [masculine] (Bulgarian), graduale [neuter] (Danish), graduaali (Finnish), graduale [masculine] (Italian), graduāle [neuter] (Latin), gradual [masculine] (Occitan), graduał [masculine] (Polish)
    Sense id: en-gradual-en-noun-BQvFKVnS Topics: Christianity Disambiguation of 'antiphone or responsory': 91 9
  2. (Christianity) A service book containing the musical portions of the Mass. Categories (topical): Christianity Translations (service book): graduale [neuter] (Danish), graduaali (Finnish), messulaulukirja (Finnish), graduale [masculine] (Italian), graduāle [neuter] (Latin), gradual [masculine] (Occitan), graduał [masculine] (Polish)
    Sense id: en-gradual-en-noun-3RFxsYtO Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 28 28 44 Topics: Christianity Disambiguation of 'service book': 9 91
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: graduall [obsolete]

Adjective [Galician]

Forms: graduais [plural]
Etymology: From Medieval Latin graduālis. Etymology templates: {{der|gl|ML.|graduālis}} Medieval Latin graduālis Head templates: {{gl-adj}} gradual m or f (plural graduais)
  1. gradual Tags: feminine, masculine Derived forms: gradualmente Related terms: grao
    Sense id: en-gradual-gl-adj-aPwkzNtO Categories (other): Galician entries with incorrect language header

Adjective [Portuguese]

IPA: /ɡɾa.duˈaw/ [Brazil], [ɡɾa.dʊˈaʊ̯] [Brazil], /ɡɾaˈdwaw/ [Brazil], [ɡɾaˈdwaʊ̯] [Brazil], /ɡɾɐˈdwal/ [Portugal], [ɡɾɐˈðwaɫ] [Portugal], /ɡɾɐˈdwal/ [Portugal], [ɡɾɐˈðwaɫ] [Portugal], /ɡɾɐˈdwa.li/ [Portugal, Southern], [ɡɾɐˈðwa.li] [Portugal, Southern] Forms: graduais [plural], mais gradual [comparative], o mais gradual [superlative], gradualíssimo [superlative]
Rhymes: (Portugal) -al, (Brazil) -aw Etymology: Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin graduālis. Etymology templates: {{lbor|pt|ML.|graduālis}} Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin graduālis Head templates: {{pt-adj|sup=+abs}} gradual m or f (plural graduais, comparable, comparative mais gradual, superlative o mais gradual or gradualíssimo)
  1. gradual Tags: comparable, feminine, masculine Derived forms: gradualmente
    Sense id: en-gradual-pt-adj-aPwkzNtO Categories (other): Portuguese entries with incorrect language header

Adjective [Spanish]

IPA: /ɡɾaˈdwal/, [ɡɾaˈð̞wal] Forms: graduales [feminine, masculine, plural]
Rhymes: -al Etymology: Borrowed from Medieval Latin graduālis. Etymology templates: {{glossary|loanword|Borrowed}} Borrowed, {{bor|es|ML.|graduālis|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Medieval Latin graduālis, {{bor+|es|ML.|graduālis}} Borrowed from Medieval Latin graduālis Head templates: {{es-adj}} gradual m or f (masculine and feminine plural graduales)
  1. gradual Tags: feminine, masculine Derived forms: gradualidad, gradualmente Related terms: grado, graduar
    Sense id: en-gradual-es-adj-aPwkzNtO

Noun [Spanish]

IPA: /ɡɾaˈdwal/, [ɡɾaˈð̞wal] Forms: graduales [plural]
Rhymes: -al Etymology: Borrowed from Medieval Latin graduālis. Etymology templates: {{glossary|loanword|Borrowed}} Borrowed, {{bor|es|ML.|graduālis|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Medieval Latin graduālis, {{bor+|es|ML.|graduālis}} Borrowed from Medieval Latin graduālis Head templates: {{es-noun|m}} gradual m (plural graduales)
  1. (Roman Catholicism) gradual Tags: masculine Categories (topical): Roman Catholicism
    Sense id: en-gradual-es-noun-aPwkzNtO Categories (other): Spanish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Spanish entries with incorrect language header: 2 98 Topics: Catholicism, Christianity, Roman-Catholicism

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for gradual meaning in All languages combined (19.3kB)

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "sudden"
    },
    {
      "word": "abrupt"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "graduālis"
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin graduālis",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "gradus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "step"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin gradus (“step”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰradʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰradʰ-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*gʰredʰ-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to walk, go"
      },
      "expansion": "*gʰredʰ- (“to walk, go”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌲𐍂𐌹𐌸𐍃",
        "3": "",
        "4": "step, grade"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌹𐌸𐍃 (griþs, “step, grade”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bar",
        "2": "Gritt",
        "3": "",
        "4": "step, stride"
      },
      "expansion": "Bavarian Gritt (“step, stride”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin graduālis, from Latin gradus (“step”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰradʰ-, *gʰredʰ- (“to walk, go”). Cognate with Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌹𐌸𐍃 (griþs, “step, grade”), Bavarian Gritt (“step, stride”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more gradual",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most gradual",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "gradual (comparative more gradual, superlative most gradual)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "grad‧u‧al"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "gradually"
        },
        {
          "word": "gradual typing"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "a gradual increase of knowledge; a gradual decline",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Proceeding or advancing by small, slow, regular steps or degrees"
      ],
      "id": "en-gradual-en-adj-3CXRpDUy",
      "links": [
        [
          "step",
          "step"
        ],
        [
          "degree",
          "degree"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "insidious"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:gradual",
          "word": "incrementally"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:gradual",
          "word": "slow {speed)"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "stepwise"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:gradual",
          "word": "incremental"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:gradual",
          "word": "gradual"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:gradual",
          "word": "piecemeal"
        },
        {
          "source": "Thesaurus:gradual",
          "word": "slow"
        }
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "tadrījiyy",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "تَدْرِيجِيّ"
        },
        {
          "code": "ast",
          "lang": "Asturian",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "gradual"
        },
        {
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "pastupóvy",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "паступо́вы"
        },
        {
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "postepenen",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "постепенен"
        },
        {
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "gradual"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "逐漸的"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "zhújiàn de",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "逐渐的"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "平緩的"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "note": "of a slope",
          "roman": "pínghuǎn de",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "平缓的"
        },
        {
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "postupný"
        },
        {
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "stupňovitý"
        },
        {
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "gradvis"
        },
        {
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "trinvis"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "geleidelijk"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "gestaag"
        },
        {
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "malabrupta"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "asteittainen"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "vähittäinen"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "graduel"
        },
        {
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "gradual"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "allmählich"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "graduell"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "schrittweise zunehmend"
        },
        {
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "stadiakós",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "σταδιακός"
        },
        {
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "vathmiaíos",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "βαθμιαίος"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "fokozatos"
        },
        {
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "dréimreach"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "graduale"
        },
        {
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "postepen",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "постепен"
        },
        {
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "gradual"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "stopniowy"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "gradual"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "postepénnyj",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "постепе́нный"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "plávnyj",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "пла́вный"
        },
        {
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic"
          ],
          "word": "по̀ступан"
        },
        {
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "tags": [
            "Latin"
          ],
          "word": "pòstupan"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "gradual"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "paulatino"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "gradvis"
        },
        {
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "postupóvyj",
          "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
          "word": "поступо́вий"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹadʒuəl/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹadjuəl/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹadʒəl/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹæd͡ʒuəl/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹæd͡ʒəl/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹɛdʒʉɘl/",
      "tags": [
        "New-Zealand"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹɛdʒɘl/",
      "tags": [
        "New-Zealand"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "(General American) -ædʒəl"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-gradual.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/74/En-us-gradual.ogg/En-us-gradual.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/En-us-gradual.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "graduall"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gradual"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "graduālis"
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin graduālis",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "gradus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "step"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin gradus (“step”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰradʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰradʰ-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*gʰredʰ-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to walk, go"
      },
      "expansion": "*gʰredʰ- (“to walk, go”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌲𐍂𐌹𐌸𐍃",
        "3": "",
        "4": "step, grade"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌹𐌸𐍃 (griþs, “step, grade”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bar",
        "2": "Gritt",
        "3": "",
        "4": "step, stride"
      },
      "expansion": "Bavarian Gritt (“step, stride”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin graduālis, from Latin gradus (“step”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰradʰ-, *gʰredʰ- (“to walk, go”). Cognate with Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌹𐌸𐍃 (griþs, “step, grade”), Bavarian Gritt (“step, stride”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "graduals",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "gradual (plural graduals)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "grad‧u‧al"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Christianity",
          "orig": "en:Christianity",
          "parents": [
            "Abrahamism",
            "Religion",
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An antiphon or responsory after the epistle, in the Mass, which was sung on the steps, or while the deacon ascended the steps."
      ],
      "id": "en-gradual-en-noun-BQvFKVnS",
      "links": [
        [
          "Christianity",
          "Christianity"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Christianity) An antiphon or responsory after the epistle, in the Mass, which was sung on the steps, or while the deacon ascended the steps."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Christianity"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "91 9",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "tropar",
          "sense": "antiphone or responsory",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "тропар"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 9",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "antiphone or responsory",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "graduale"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 9",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "antiphone or responsory",
          "word": "graduaali"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 9",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "antiphone or responsory",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "graduale"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 9",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "antiphone or responsory",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "graduāle"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 9",
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "antiphone or responsory",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gradual"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 9",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "antiphone or responsory",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "graduał"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Christianity",
          "orig": "en:Christianity",
          "parents": [
            "Abrahamism",
            "Religion",
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 28 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A service book containing the musical portions of the Mass."
      ],
      "id": "en-gradual-en-noun-3RFxsYtO",
      "links": [
        [
          "Christianity",
          "Christianity"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Christianity) A service book containing the musical portions of the Mass."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Christianity"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "9 91",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "service book",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "graduale"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 91",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "service book",
          "word": "graduaali"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 91",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "service book",
          "word": "messulaulukirja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 91",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "service book",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "graduale"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 91",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "service book",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "graduāle"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 91",
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "service book",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gradual"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 91",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "service book",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "graduał"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹadʒuəl/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹadjuəl/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹadʒəl/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹæd͡ʒuəl/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹæd͡ʒəl/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹɛdʒʉɘl/",
      "tags": [
        "New-Zealand"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹɛdʒɘl/",
      "tags": [
        "New-Zealand"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "(General American) -ædʒəl"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-gradual.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/74/En-us-gradual.ogg/En-us-gradual.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/En-us-gradual.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "graduall"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gradual"
}

{
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      "args": {
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      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed",
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
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        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
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        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
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      "expansion": "Medieval Latin graduālis",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
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        "3": "graduālis"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Medieval Latin graduālis",
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    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Medieval Latin graduālis.",
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    {
      "form": "graduals",
      "tags": [
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        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
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  "lang_code": "ca",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
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            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
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      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "gradualment"
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      "id": "en-gradual-ca-adj-aPwkzNtO",
      "links": [
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      "related": [
        {
          "word": "grau"
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      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡɾə.ðuˈal]",
      "tags": [
        "Balearic",
        "Central"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡɾa.ðuˈal]",
      "tags": [
        "Valencian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-al"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gradual"
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  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
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      "expansion": "Medieval Latin graduālis",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin graduālis.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "graduais",
      "tags": [
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      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
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  "lang": "Galician",
  "lang_code": "gl",
  "pos": "adj",
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    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Galician entries with incorrect language header",
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        {
          "word": "gradualmente"
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      "glosses": [
        "gradual"
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      "id": "en-gradual-gl-adj-aPwkzNtO",
      "links": [
        [
          "gradual",
          "gradual#English"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "grao"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "gradual"
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{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "ML.",
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      },
      "expansion": "Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin graduālis",
      "name": "lbor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin graduālis.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "graduais",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mais gradual",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o mais gradual",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gradualíssimo",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "sup": "+abs"
      },
      "expansion": "gradual m or f (plural graduais, comparable, comparative mais gradual, superlative o mais gradual or gradualíssimo)",
      "name": "pt-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "gra‧du‧al"
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
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        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "gradualmente"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gradual"
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      "id": "en-gradual-pt-adj-aPwkzNtO",
      "links": [
        [
          "gradual",
          "gradual#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "comparable",
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɾa.duˈaw/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡɾa.dʊˈaʊ̯]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɾaˈdwaw/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡɾaˈdwaʊ̯]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɾɐˈdwal/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡɾɐˈðwaɫ]",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɾɐˈdwal/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡɾɐˈðwaɫ]",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɾɐˈdwa.li/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal",
        "Southern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡɾɐˈðwa.li]",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal",
        "Southern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "(Portugal) -al"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "(Brazil) -aw"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gradual"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
        "1": "loanword",
        "2": "Borrowed"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed",
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    {
      "args": {
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      "expansion": "Medieval Latin graduālis",
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    },
    {
      "args": {
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        "3": "graduālis"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Medieval Latin graduālis",
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    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Medieval Latin graduālis.",
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    {
      "form": "graduales",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
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    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "gradual m or f (masculine and feminine plural graduales)",
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  ],
  "hyphenation": [
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  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
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        {
          "word": "gradualidad"
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        {
          "word": "gradualmente"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
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      ],
      "id": "en-gradual-es-adj-aPwkzNtO",
      "links": [
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          "gradual#English"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "grado"
        },
        {
          "word": "graduar"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɾaˈdwal/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡɾaˈð̞wal]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-al"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gradual"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
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      },
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    {
      "args": {
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      "expansion": "Medieval Latin graduālis",
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    },
    {
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      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Medieval Latin graduālis",
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  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Medieval Latin graduālis.",
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      "form": "graduales",
      "tags": [
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  ],
  "head_templates": [
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      "args": {
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  "hyphenation": [
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  "lang": "Spanish",
  "lang_code": "es",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "es",
          "name": "Roman Catholicism",
          "orig": "es:Roman Catholicism",
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            "Catholicism",
            "Christianity",
            "Abrahamism",
            "Religion",
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 98",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
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            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
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      ],
      "glosses": [
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      "id": "en-gradual-es-noun-aPwkzNtO",
      "links": [
        [
          "Roman Catholicism",
          "Roman Catholicism"
        ],
        [
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        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Roman Catholicism) gradual"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Catholicism",
        "Christianity",
        "Roman-Catholicism"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɾaˈdwal/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡɾaˈð̞wal]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-al"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gradual"
}
{
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      "word": "gradualment"
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  "etymology_templates": [
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    {
      "args": {
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      "expansion": "Medieval Latin graduālis",
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    },
    {
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        "3": "graduālis"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Medieval Latin graduālis",
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  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Medieval Latin graduālis.",
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        "masculine",
        "plural"
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  ],
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  "lang_code": "ca",
  "pos": "adj",
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    {
      "word": "grau"
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    {
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        "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
        "Catalan epicene adjectives",
        "Catalan lemmas",
        "Catalan terms borrowed from Medieval Latin",
        "Catalan terms derived from Medieval Latin",
        "Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Rhymes:Catalan/al",
        "Rhymes:Catalan/al/3 syllables"
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      "glosses": [
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      "tags": [
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        "masculine"
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    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡɾə.ðuˈal]",
      "tags": [
        "Balearic",
        "Central"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡɾa.ðuˈal]",
      "tags": [
        "Valencian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-al"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gradual"
}

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "sudden"
    },
    {
      "word": "abrupt"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English 3-syllable words",
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from Medieval Latin",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "Rhymes:English/ædʒəl",
    "Rhymes:English/ædʒəl/2 syllables"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "gradually"
    },
    {
      "word": "gradual typing"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "graduālis"
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin graduālis",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "gradus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "step"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin gradus (“step”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰradʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰradʰ-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*gʰredʰ-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to walk, go"
      },
      "expansion": "*gʰredʰ- (“to walk, go”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌲𐍂𐌹𐌸𐍃",
        "3": "",
        "4": "step, grade"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌹𐌸𐍃 (griþs, “step, grade”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bar",
        "2": "Gritt",
        "3": "",
        "4": "step, stride"
      },
      "expansion": "Bavarian Gritt (“step, stride”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin graduālis, from Latin gradus (“step”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰradʰ-, *gʰredʰ- (“to walk, go”). Cognate with Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌹𐌸𐍃 (griþs, “step, grade”), Bavarian Gritt (“step, stride”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more gradual",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most gradual",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "gradual (comparative more gradual, superlative most gradual)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "grad‧u‧al"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "insidious"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:gradual",
      "word": "incrementally"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:gradual",
      "word": "slow {speed)"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "a gradual increase of knowledge; a gradual decline",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Proceeding or advancing by small, slow, regular steps or degrees"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "step",
          "step"
        ],
        [
          "degree",
          "degree"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹadʒuəl/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹadjuəl/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹadʒəl/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹæd͡ʒuəl/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹæd͡ʒəl/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹɛdʒʉɘl/",
      "tags": [
        "New-Zealand"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹɛdʒɘl/",
      "tags": [
        "New-Zealand"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "(General American) -ædʒəl"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-gradual.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/74/En-us-gradual.ogg/En-us-gradual.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/En-us-gradual.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "stepwise"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "graduall"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:gradual",
      "word": "incremental"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:gradual",
      "word": "gradual"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:gradual",
      "word": "piecemeal"
    },
    {
      "source": "Thesaurus:gradual",
      "word": "slow"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "tadrījiyy",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "تَدْرِيجِيّ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ast",
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "gradual"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "pastupóvy",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "паступо́вы"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "postepenen",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "постепенен"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "gradual"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "逐漸的"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "zhújiàn de",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "逐渐的"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "平緩的"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "note": "of a slope",
      "roman": "pínghuǎn de",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "平缓的"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "postupný"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "stupňovitý"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "gradvis"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "trinvis"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "geleidelijk"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "gestaag"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "malabrupta"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "asteittainen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "vähittäinen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "graduel"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "gradual"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "allmählich"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "graduell"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "schrittweise zunehmend"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "stadiakós",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "σταδιακός"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "vathmiaíos",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "βαθμιαίος"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "fokozatos"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "dréimreach"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "graduale"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "postepen",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "постепен"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "gradual"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "stopniowy"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "gradual"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "postepénnyj",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "постепе́нный"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "plávnyj",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "пла́вный"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "word": "по̀ступан"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "tags": [
        "Latin"
      ],
      "word": "pòstupan"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "gradual"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "paulatino"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "gradvis"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "postupóvyj",
      "sense": "proceeding by steps or small degrees",
      "word": "поступо́вий"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gradual"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English 3-syllable words",
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from Medieval Latin",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "Rhymes:English/ædʒəl",
    "Rhymes:English/ædʒəl/2 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "graduālis"
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin graduālis",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "gradus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "step"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin gradus (“step”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰradʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰradʰ-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*gʰredʰ-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to walk, go"
      },
      "expansion": "*gʰredʰ- (“to walk, go”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌲𐍂𐌹𐌸𐍃",
        "3": "",
        "4": "step, grade"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌹𐌸𐍃 (griþs, “step, grade”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bar",
        "2": "Gritt",
        "3": "",
        "4": "step, stride"
      },
      "expansion": "Bavarian Gritt (“step, stride”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin graduālis, from Latin gradus (“step”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰradʰ-, *gʰredʰ- (“to walk, go”). Cognate with Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌹𐌸𐍃 (griþs, “step, grade”), Bavarian Gritt (“step, stride”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "graduals",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "gradual (plural graduals)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "grad‧u‧al"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Christianity"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An antiphon or responsory after the epistle, in the Mass, which was sung on the steps, or while the deacon ascended the steps."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Christianity",
          "Christianity"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Christianity) An antiphon or responsory after the epistle, in the Mass, which was sung on the steps, or while the deacon ascended the steps."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Christianity"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Christianity"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A service book containing the musical portions of the Mass."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Christianity",
          "Christianity"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Christianity) A service book containing the musical portions of the Mass."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Christianity"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹadʒuəl/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹadjuəl/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹadʒəl/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹæd͡ʒuəl/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹæd͡ʒəl/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹɛdʒʉɘl/",
      "tags": [
        "New-Zealand"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹɛdʒɘl/",
      "tags": [
        "New-Zealand"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "(General American) -ædʒəl"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-gradual.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/74/En-us-gradual.ogg/En-us-gradual.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/En-us-gradual.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "graduall"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "tropar",
      "sense": "antiphone or responsory",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "тропар"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "antiphone or responsory",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "graduale"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "antiphone or responsory",
      "word": "graduaali"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "antiphone or responsory",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "graduale"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "antiphone or responsory",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "graduāle"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "antiphone or responsory",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gradual"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "antiphone or responsory",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "graduał"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "service book",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "graduale"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "service book",
      "word": "graduaali"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "service book",
      "word": "messulaulukirja"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "service book",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "graduale"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "service book",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "graduāle"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "service book",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gradual"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "service book",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "graduał"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gradual"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "gradualmente"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gl",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "graduālis"
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin graduālis",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin graduālis.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "graduais",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "gradual m or f (plural graduais)",
      "name": "gl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Galician",
  "lang_code": "gl",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "grao"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Galician adjectives",
        "Galician entries with incorrect language header",
        "Galician lemmas",
        "Galician terms derived from Medieval Latin"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gradual"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gradual",
          "gradual#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "gradual"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "gradualmente"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "graduālis"
      },
      "expansion": "Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin graduālis",
      "name": "lbor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin graduālis.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "graduais",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mais gradual",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o mais gradual",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gradualíssimo",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "sup": "+abs"
      },
      "expansion": "gradual m or f (plural graduais, comparable, comparative mais gradual, superlative o mais gradual or gradualíssimo)",
      "name": "pt-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "gra‧du‧al"
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Portuguese 2-syllable words",
        "Portuguese 3-syllable words",
        "Portuguese adjectives",
        "Portuguese adjectives with red links in their headword lines",
        "Portuguese comparable adjectives",
        "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Portuguese learned borrowings from Medieval Latin",
        "Portuguese lemmas",
        "Portuguese terms borrowed from Medieval Latin",
        "Portuguese terms derived from Medieval Latin",
        "Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Rhymes:Portuguese/al",
        "Rhymes:Portuguese/al/3 syllables",
        "Rhymes:Portuguese/aw",
        "Rhymes:Portuguese/aw/3 syllables"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gradual"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gradual",
          "gradual#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "comparable",
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɾa.duˈaw/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡɾa.dʊˈaʊ̯]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɾaˈdwaw/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡɾaˈdwaʊ̯]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɾɐˈdwal/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡɾɐˈðwaɫ]",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɾɐˈdwal/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡɾɐˈðwaɫ]",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɾɐˈdwa.li/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal",
        "Southern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡɾɐˈðwa.li]",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal",
        "Southern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "(Portugal) -al"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "(Brazil) -aw"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gradual"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Rhymes:Spanish/al",
    "Rhymes:Spanish/al/2 syllables",
    "Spanish 2-syllable words",
    "Spanish adjectives",
    "Spanish countable nouns",
    "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Spanish epicene adjectives",
    "Spanish lemmas",
    "Spanish masculine nouns",
    "Spanish nouns",
    "Spanish terms borrowed from Medieval Latin",
    "Spanish terms derived from Medieval Latin",
    "Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "gradualidad"
    },
    {
      "word": "gradualmente"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "loanword",
        "2": "Borrowed"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "graduālis",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin graduālis",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "graduālis"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Medieval Latin graduālis",
      "name": "bor+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Medieval Latin graduālis.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "graduales",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "gradual m or f (masculine and feminine plural graduales)",
      "name": "es-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "gra‧dual"
  ],
  "lang": "Spanish",
  "lang_code": "es",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "grado"
    },
    {
      "word": "graduar"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "gradual"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gradual",
          "gradual#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɾaˈdwal/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡɾaˈð̞wal]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-al"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gradual"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Rhymes:Spanish/al",
    "Rhymes:Spanish/al/2 syllables",
    "Spanish 2-syllable words",
    "Spanish adjectives",
    "Spanish countable nouns",
    "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Spanish epicene adjectives",
    "Spanish lemmas",
    "Spanish masculine nouns",
    "Spanish nouns",
    "Spanish terms borrowed from Medieval Latin",
    "Spanish terms derived from Medieval Latin",
    "Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "loanword",
        "2": "Borrowed"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "graduālis",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin graduālis",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "graduālis"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Medieval Latin graduālis",
      "name": "bor+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Medieval Latin graduālis.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "graduales",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "gradual m (plural graduales)",
      "name": "es-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "gra‧dual"
  ],
  "lang": "Spanish",
  "lang_code": "es",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "es:Roman Catholicism"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gradual"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Roman Catholicism",
          "Roman Catholicism"
        ],
        [
          "gradual",
          "gradual#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Roman Catholicism) gradual"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Catholicism",
        "Christianity",
        "Roman-Catholicism"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡɾaˈdwal/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡɾaˈð̞wal]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-al"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gradual"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.