See focal on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for focal meaning in All languages combined (31.1kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "focal adhesion"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "focal depth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "focal length"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "focal plane"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "focal point"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "NL.",
"3": "focālis"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from New Latin focālis",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "focus",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, focus + -al",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from New Latin focālis. By surface analysis, focus + -al.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "focal (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "nonfocal"
},
{
"word": "widespread"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Belonging to, concerning, or located at a focus."
],
"id": "en-focal-en-adj-N5SUkrv0",
"links": [
[
"focus",
"focus"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "belonging to or concerning a focus",
"word": "focal"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "belonging to or concerning a focus",
"word": "polttopiste-"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "belonging to or concerning a focus",
"word": "fokal"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "belonging to or concerning a focus",
"word": "lárnach"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "belonging to or concerning a focus",
"word": "príomh-"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "belonging to or concerning a focus",
"word": "bun-"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "belonging to or concerning a focus",
"word": "focale"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "fokusnyj",
"sense": "belonging to or concerning a focus",
"word": "фокусный"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "belonging to or concerning a focus",
"word": "focal"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "nonfocal"
},
{
"word": "locoregional"
},
{
"word": "systemic"
},
{
"word": "widespread"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "en:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Limited to a small area."
],
"id": "en-focal-en-adj-79Qp8mNw",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"Limited",
"limited"
],
[
"area",
"area"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) Limited to a small area."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "ōǰaxayin",
"sense": "(medicine) limited to a small area",
"word": "օջախային"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "(medicine) limited to a small area",
"word": "focal"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "(medicine) limited to a small area",
"word": "fócasach"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(medicine) limited to a small area",
"word": "focale"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "(medicine) limited to a small area",
"word": "focal"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "očagovyj",
"sense": "(medicine) limited to a small area",
"word": "очаговый"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 97",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "(medicine) limited to a small area",
"word": "focal"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfəʊ.kl̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfoʊ.kl̩/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊkəl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-focal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-focal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-focal.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-focal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-focal.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "focal"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "NL.",
"3": "focālis"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from New Latin focālis",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "focus",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, focus + -al",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from New Latin focālis. By surface analysis, focus + -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "focals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "focal (plural focals)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Geometry",
"orig": "en:Geometry",
"parents": [
"Mathematics",
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1877, James Booth, A Treatise on Some New Geometrical Methods, page 209",
"text": "Again, if the plane of the impressed couple intersects the mean plane between N and C, it will envelope the cone whose focals are ON, ON′, and whose internal axis is therefore OA.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One of two lines perpendicular to the axis of a cone such that the cosine of the angle between the line and the axis is equal to the ratio of the cosines o the semiangles of the cone."
],
"id": "en-focal-en-noun-MTZrTGbY",
"links": [
[
"geometry",
"geometry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geometry, obsolete) One of two lines perpendicular to the axis of a cone such that the cosine of the angle between the line and the axis is equal to the ratio of the cosines o the semiangles of the cone."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"geometry",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Wicca",
"orig": "en:Wicca",
"parents": [
"Paganism",
"Religion",
"Occult",
"Culture",
"Forteana",
"Society",
"Pseudoscience",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 4 9 17 20 4 15 3 18 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -al",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2000, Sirona Knight, Celtic Traditions: Druids, Faeries, and Wiccan Rituals, page 193",
"text": "Choose your focals to blend well with the intention of your magical work or ritual.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Faith Hunter, Circle of the Moon, page 27",
"text": "And no witch leaves behind focals.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2022, Tracy Deonn, Bloodmarked",
"text": "I use focals for aura work sometimes.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An object that is used to focus concentration when performing magic."
],
"id": "en-focal-en-noun-Ow7jPMdv",
"links": [
[
"Wicca",
"Wicca"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Wicca) An object that is used to focus concentration when performing magic."
],
"topics": [
"Wicca",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 4 9 17 20 4 15 3 18 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -al",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1992, Merrill-Palmer Quarterly - Volume 38, page 198",
"text": "As predicted, focals who were paired with peers produced significantly higher levels of reasoning at posttest ( M = 35.34, SD = 4.44 ) than did focals paired with adults.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1996, Ronald J. Heslegrave, An Exploration of Psychological and Psychophysiologial Measures as Predictors of Successful Performance Under Stress, page 69",
"text": "Thirty-one percent of the focals rated as low transformational by subordinates at time 1 were engaging in two of these three leadership/management styles, and 54% of the focals rated as low transformational were engaging in only one of the three styles.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Alison E. Cook, The Ontogeny of Play in Infant Female Bonobos, page 48",
"text": "As this study covered 46 individual play behaviors, I did not have time to statistically analyze each individual behavior against all age intervals, for all three focals.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Allan H. Church, David W. Bracken, John W. Fleenor, Handbook of Strategic 360 Feedback",
"text": "Relevancy provides focals motivation to change by making the links clear between their behavior and the success of the organization.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The individual who is the focus of a study or review, when the study or review is based on that individual's interactions with others."
],
"id": "en-focal-en-noun-2I-lDc4W"
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2007 Spring, Keith L. Woodman, “Nothing Weak About It: Thriving in a Weak-Matrix Project Environment”, in Ask Magazine, page 47",
"text": "Attempting to balance priorities across the exploration, science, and aeronautics programs requires constant and complex negotiations betwen the center focals, the projects they represent, and Langley's engineering directorates.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Raul Valverde, Information Systems Reengineering for Modern Business Systems., page 251",
"text": "Consolidate all focals' requirements: To be done by the Operations Manager.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2022, Asian Development Bank, Mainstreaming Water Resilience in Asia and the Pacific",
"text": "Providing technical support to regional climate and WSG focals of all operational divisions on water resilience will amplify the larger pool of project officers.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A representative of a group or class of people within an organizational system."
],
"id": "en-focal-en-noun-4kdjTz8O"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 4 9 17 20 4 15 3 18 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -al",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2007, David Weinberger, Everything Is Miscellaneous",
"text": "Gesturing at the cleanliness of the design, Medill says, “Originally we had 'focals,'“—signs that call out special offers—“but they blocked eyeballs.”",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sign or similar type of marketing material designed to draw attention to special deals."
],
"id": "en-focal-en-noun-d-hyHrdk",
"links": [
[
"sign",
"sign"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1997, Lewis Acrelius Froman, Language and Power, page 100",
"text": "We become \"native speakers,\" but variably with respect to numerous valued/powered criteria of truth/goodness/beauty (focals) and their derivative values which \"leave\" \"some” more valuable ( as speakers ) than others.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2022, Celestina Robertson, Cut Flowers: Bloom Gardener's Guide, page 25",
"text": "When using supporting flowers, consider their size and shape in relation to the focals and how the colour supports and enhances them.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The central or most important element of something; a focal element."
],
"id": "en-focal-en-noun-99AgcZvo"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 2 7 18 19 1 14 2 29 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 4 9 17 20 4 15 3 18 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -al",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1978, New Orleans region transportation study, page 29",
"text": "In the Visual Survey Analysis Report, focals are divided into four categories; visual, historical, symbolic, and cultural focals. Focals might correspond to the Kevin Lynch definition of landmarks.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A major point of interest; an attraction."
],
"id": "en-focal-en-noun-JE2MP9Vk"
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1995, Roy G. D'Andrade, The Development of Cognitive Anthropology, page 108",
"text": "So informants, like languages, show a stable, agreed upon placement of focals, but considerable variability in the boundaries for the extensions of terms.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An exemplar of a concept."
],
"id": "en-focal-en-noun-xe6P1Y6g",
"links": [
[
"exemplar",
"exemplar"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfəʊ.kl̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfoʊ.kl̩/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊkəl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-focal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-focal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-focal.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-focal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-focal.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "focal"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "NL.",
"3": "focālis"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from New Latin focālis",
"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from New Latin focālis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "focale",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "focaux",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "focales",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "focal (feminine focale, masculine plural focaux, feminine plural focales)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "distance focale"
}
],
"glosses": [
"focal"
],
"id": "en-focal-fr-adj-vbmm~-CJ",
"links": [
[
"focal",
"focal#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-focal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2c/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-focal.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-focal.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2c/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-focal.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-focal.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "focal"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"noun"
],
"word": "ainmfhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "the last word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "an focal deiridh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "unsavoury expression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anfhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "silly word or statement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baothfhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "sparing of words; reserved",
"word": "beagfhoclach"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "epithet; punch-line",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "buafhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "difficult word, tongue-twister",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "casfhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "head-word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ceannfhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"collective",
"masculine",
"noun"
],
"word": "cnuasfhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "code word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "códfhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "compound word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "comhfhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "play on words, punning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comhfhoclacht"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "odd word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "corrfhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "crossword",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crosfhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "epigram (in syllabic verse)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dánfhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "good, charitable, word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dea-fhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "buzzword",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dordfhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "riddle, conundrum, enigma",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dubhfhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "editorial",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "eagarfhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "word for word",
"word": "focal ar fhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "watchword; forewarning",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "focal faire"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "humorous remark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "focal grinn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"expletive",
"masculine"
],
"word": "focal le cois"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "word in court",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "focal sa chúirt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "clincher",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "focal scoir"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"ellipsis",
"masculine"
],
"word": "focalbhá"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "wordy, verbose",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "foclach"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "philologist",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "focleolaí"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "philological",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "focleolaíoch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"philology",
"linguistics",
"history",
"philosophy",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"word": "focleolaíocht"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "dictionary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "foclóir"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "sharply worded",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "géarfhoclach"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "ordinary word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gnáthfhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "quick-spoken",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "grodfhoclach"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "epilogue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "iarfhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "pun",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "imeartas focal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "hint; catchword",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "leathfhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "magniloquent",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "mórfhoclach"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "magniloquence",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mórfhoclacht"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neologism"
],
"word": "nuafhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "preposition",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "réamhfhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "slip of the tongue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sciorradh focail"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "slip of the tongue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sciorrfhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "aside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "seachfhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "old saying, proverb",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "seanfhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "vulgar expression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "slamfhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "strong assertion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "teannfhocal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "slip of the tongue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "titim focail"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "catchword",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "treoirfhocal"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wekʷ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "sga",
"3": "focul"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish focul",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*woxtlom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *woxtlom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wokʷtlom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wokʷtlom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*wekʷ-"
},
"expansion": "*wekʷ-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish focul, from Proto-Celtic *woxtlom, from Proto-Indo-European *wokʷtlom, from *wekʷ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "focail",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focail",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-decl-m1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "focal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focail",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "a fhocail",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "a fhocala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "focail",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "focal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focail",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-decl-m1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "an focal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na focail",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "an fhocail",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na bhfocal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leis an bhfocal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "don fhocal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leis na focail",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "focal",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "fhocal",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "bhfocal",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"eclipsis",
"mutation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "",
"11": "nominative plural",
"12": "focail",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "focail",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f4request": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "focal m (genitive singular focail, nominative plural focail)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "focail",
"3": "focail"
},
"expansion": "focal m (genitive singular focail, nominative plural focail)",
"name": "ga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "ocal",
"3": "ocail"
},
"name": "ga-decl-m1"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 33 14 2 33",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ga",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "ga:Linguistics",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Peter had nothing to say for himself.",
"text": "Ní raibh focal ag Peadar.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"word"
],
"id": "en-focal-ga-noun-mMHrTuk0",
"links": [
[
"word",
"word"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 48 16 2 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 33 14 2 33",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ga",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "ga:Linguistics",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Is fearr focal sa chúirt ná punt sa sparán. (proverb)",
"text": "A friend in court is better than a pound in the purse.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"phrase, remark, observation, saying"
],
"id": "en-focal-ga-noun-flVFEOt9",
"links": [
[
"phrase",
"phrase"
],
[
"remark",
"remark"
],
[
"observation",
"observation"
],
[
"saying",
"saying"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 33 14 2 33",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ga",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "ga:Linguistics",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"intelligence, message"
],
"id": "en-focal-ga-noun-~bzg0gvX",
"links": [
[
"intelligence",
"intelligence"
],
[
"message",
"message"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"order"
],
"id": "en-focal-ga-noun-Put-luWc",
"links": [
[
"order",
"order"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 33 14 2 33",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ga",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "ga:Linguistics",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"promise, assurance"
],
"id": "en-focal-ga-noun-44mIhtT-",
"links": [
[
"promise",
"promise"
],
[
"assurance",
"assurance"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfˠɞkəl̪ˠ/",
"tags": [
"Munster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfˠɔkəl̪ˠ/",
"tags": [
"Munster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfˠɔkəlˠ/",
"tags": [
"Connacht"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfˠɔkəl̪ˠ/",
"tags": [
"Connacht"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfˠʌkəlˠ/",
"tags": [
"Ulster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfˠʌkəl̪ˠ/",
"tags": [
"Ulster"
]
}
],
"word": "focal"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "focalmente"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "NL.",
"3": "focālis"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from New Latin focālis",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "foco",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, foco + -al",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from New Latin focālis. By surface analysis, foco + -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "focais",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hascomp": "no"
},
"expansion": "focal m or f (plural focais, not comparable)",
"name": "pt-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"fo‧cal"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "foco"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pt",
"name": "Optics",
"orig": "pt:Optics",
"parents": [
"Physics",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "75 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "65 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese terms suffixed with -al",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"focal (relating to foci)"
],
"id": "en-focal-pt-adj-edmFAua6",
"links": [
[
"optics",
"optics"
],
[
"focal",
"focal#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(optics) focal (relating to foci)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"optics",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pt",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "pt:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"focal (limited to a small area)"
],
"id": "en-focal-pt-adj-ZqibiN29",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"focal",
"focal#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) focal (limited to a small area)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/foˈkaw/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[foˈkaʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fuˈkal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[fuˈkaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fuˈkal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[fuˈkaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fuˈka.li/",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aw"
}
],
"word": "focal"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "focal",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "French focal",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "focal"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French focal",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French focal.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "focală",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focali",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "focale",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "focal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focală",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "focale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "focalul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focalii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "focalele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "focal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "focale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "focalului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focalei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focalilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "focalelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "focal m or n (feminine singular focală, masculine plural focali, feminine and neuter plural focale)",
"name": "ro-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ro-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"focal"
],
"id": "en-focal-ro-adj-vbmm~-CJ",
"links": [
[
"focal",
"focal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "focal"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "NL.",
"3": "focālis"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from New Latin focālis",
"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from New Latin focālis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "focales",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "focal m or f (masculine and feminine plural focales)",
"name": "es-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"fo‧cal"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"focal"
],
"id": "en-focal-es-adj-vbmm~-CJ",
"links": [
[
"focal",
"focal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/foˈkal/"
},
{
"ipa": "[foˈkal]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
}
],
"word": "focal"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English learned borrowings from New Latin",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from New Latin",
"English terms derived from New Latin",
"English terms suffixed with -al",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"Rhymes:English/əʊkəl",
"Rhymes:English/əʊkəl/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "focal adhesion"
},
{
"word": "focal depth"
},
{
"word": "focal length"
},
{
"word": "focal plane"
},
{
"word": "focal point"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "NL.",
"3": "focālis"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from New Latin focālis",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "focus",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, focus + -al",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from New Latin focālis. By surface analysis, focus + -al.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "focal (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "nonfocal"
},
{
"word": "widespread"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Belonging to, concerning, or located at a focus."
],
"links": [
[
"focus",
"focus"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "nonfocal"
},
{
"word": "locoregional"
},
{
"word": "systemic"
},
{
"word": "widespread"
}
],
"categories": [
"en:Medicine"
],
"glosses": [
"Limited to a small area."
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"Limited",
"limited"
],
[
"area",
"area"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) Limited to a small area."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfəʊ.kl̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfoʊ.kl̩/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊkəl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-focal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-focal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-focal.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-focal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-focal.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "belonging to or concerning a focus",
"word": "focal"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "belonging to or concerning a focus",
"word": "polttopiste-"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "belonging to or concerning a focus",
"word": "fokal"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "belonging to or concerning a focus",
"word": "lárnach"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "belonging to or concerning a focus",
"word": "príomh-"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "belonging to or concerning a focus",
"word": "bun-"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "belonging to or concerning a focus",
"word": "focale"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "fokusnyj",
"sense": "belonging to or concerning a focus",
"word": "фокусный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "belonging to or concerning a focus",
"word": "focal"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "ōǰaxayin",
"sense": "(medicine) limited to a small area",
"word": "օջախային"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "(medicine) limited to a small area",
"word": "focal"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "(medicine) limited to a small area",
"word": "fócasach"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(medicine) limited to a small area",
"word": "focale"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "(medicine) limited to a small area",
"word": "focal"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "očagovyj",
"sense": "(medicine) limited to a small area",
"word": "очаговый"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "(medicine) limited to a small area",
"word": "focal"
}
],
"word": "focal"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English learned borrowings from New Latin",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from New Latin",
"English terms derived from New Latin",
"English terms suffixed with -al",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"Rhymes:English/əʊkəl",
"Rhymes:English/əʊkəl/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "NL.",
"3": "focālis"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from New Latin focālis",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "focus",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, focus + -al",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from New Latin focālis. By surface analysis, focus + -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "focals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "focal (plural focals)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Geometry"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1877, James Booth, A Treatise on Some New Geometrical Methods, page 209",
"text": "Again, if the plane of the impressed couple intersects the mean plane between N and C, it will envelope the cone whose focals are ON, ON′, and whose internal axis is therefore OA.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One of two lines perpendicular to the axis of a cone such that the cosine of the angle between the line and the axis is equal to the ratio of the cosines o the semiangles of the cone."
],
"links": [
[
"geometry",
"geometry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geometry, obsolete) One of two lines perpendicular to the axis of a cone such that the cosine of the angle between the line and the axis is equal to the ratio of the cosines o the semiangles of the cone."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"geometry",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Wicca"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2000, Sirona Knight, Celtic Traditions: Druids, Faeries, and Wiccan Rituals, page 193",
"text": "Choose your focals to blend well with the intention of your magical work or ritual.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Faith Hunter, Circle of the Moon, page 27",
"text": "And no witch leaves behind focals.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2022, Tracy Deonn, Bloodmarked",
"text": "I use focals for aura work sometimes.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An object that is used to focus concentration when performing magic."
],
"links": [
[
"Wicca",
"Wicca"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Wicca) An object that is used to focus concentration when performing magic."
],
"topics": [
"Wicca",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1992, Merrill-Palmer Quarterly - Volume 38, page 198",
"text": "As predicted, focals who were paired with peers produced significantly higher levels of reasoning at posttest ( M = 35.34, SD = 4.44 ) than did focals paired with adults.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1996, Ronald J. Heslegrave, An Exploration of Psychological and Psychophysiologial Measures as Predictors of Successful Performance Under Stress, page 69",
"text": "Thirty-one percent of the focals rated as low transformational by subordinates at time 1 were engaging in two of these three leadership/management styles, and 54% of the focals rated as low transformational were engaging in only one of the three styles.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Alison E. Cook, The Ontogeny of Play in Infant Female Bonobos, page 48",
"text": "As this study covered 46 individual play behaviors, I did not have time to statistically analyze each individual behavior against all age intervals, for all three focals.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Allan H. Church, David W. Bracken, John W. Fleenor, Handbook of Strategic 360 Feedback",
"text": "Relevancy provides focals motivation to change by making the links clear between their behavior and the success of the organization.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The individual who is the focus of a study or review, when the study or review is based on that individual's interactions with others."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2007 Spring, Keith L. Woodman, “Nothing Weak About It: Thriving in a Weak-Matrix Project Environment”, in Ask Magazine, page 47",
"text": "Attempting to balance priorities across the exploration, science, and aeronautics programs requires constant and complex negotiations betwen the center focals, the projects they represent, and Langley's engineering directorates.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Raul Valverde, Information Systems Reengineering for Modern Business Systems., page 251",
"text": "Consolidate all focals' requirements: To be done by the Operations Manager.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2022, Asian Development Bank, Mainstreaming Water Resilience in Asia and the Pacific",
"text": "Providing technical support to regional climate and WSG focals of all operational divisions on water resilience will amplify the larger pool of project officers.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A representative of a group or class of people within an organizational system."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2007, David Weinberger, Everything Is Miscellaneous",
"text": "Gesturing at the cleanliness of the design, Medill says, “Originally we had 'focals,'“—signs that call out special offers—“but they blocked eyeballs.”",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sign or similar type of marketing material designed to draw attention to special deals."
],
"links": [
[
"sign",
"sign"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1997, Lewis Acrelius Froman, Language and Power, page 100",
"text": "We become \"native speakers,\" but variably with respect to numerous valued/powered criteria of truth/goodness/beauty (focals) and their derivative values which \"leave\" \"some” more valuable ( as speakers ) than others.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2022, Celestina Robertson, Cut Flowers: Bloom Gardener's Guide, page 25",
"text": "When using supporting flowers, consider their size and shape in relation to the focals and how the colour supports and enhances them.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The central or most important element of something; a focal element."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1978, New Orleans region transportation study, page 29",
"text": "In the Visual Survey Analysis Report, focals are divided into four categories; visual, historical, symbolic, and cultural focals. Focals might correspond to the Kevin Lynch definition of landmarks.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A major point of interest; an attraction."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1995, Roy G. D'Andrade, The Development of Cognitive Anthropology, page 108",
"text": "So informants, like languages, show a stable, agreed upon placement of focals, but considerable variability in the boundaries for the extensions of terms.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An exemplar of a concept."
],
"links": [
[
"exemplar",
"exemplar"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfəʊ.kl̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfoʊ.kl̩/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊkəl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-focal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-focal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-focal.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-focal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-focal.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "focal"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "distance focale"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "NL.",
"3": "focālis"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from New Latin focālis",
"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from New Latin focālis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "focale",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "focaux",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "focales",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "focal (feminine focale, masculine plural focaux, feminine plural focales)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French adjectives",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French learned borrowings from New Latin",
"French lemmas",
"French terms borrowed from New Latin",
"French terms derived from New Latin",
"French terms with audio links"
],
"glosses": [
"focal"
],
"links": [
[
"focal",
"focal#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-focal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2c/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-focal.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-focal.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2c/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-focal.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-focal.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "focal"
}
{
"categories": [
"Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Irish first-declension nouns",
"Irish lemmas",
"Irish masculine nouns",
"Irish nouns",
"Irish terms derived from Old Irish",
"Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wekʷ-",
"Irish terms inherited from Old Irish",
"Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"ga:Linguistics"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"masculine",
"noun"
],
"word": "ainmfhocal"
},
{
"english": "the last word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "an focal deiridh"
},
{
"english": "unsavoury expression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anfhocal"
},
{
"english": "silly word or statement",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baothfhocal"
},
{
"english": "sparing of words; reserved",
"word": "beagfhoclach"
},
{
"english": "epithet; punch-line",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "buafhocal"
},
{
"english": "difficult word, tongue-twister",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "casfhocal"
},
{
"english": "head-word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ceannfhocal"
},
{
"tags": [
"collective",
"masculine",
"noun"
],
"word": "cnuasfhocal"
},
{
"english": "code word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "códfhocal"
},
{
"english": "compound word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "comhfhocal"
},
{
"english": "play on words, punning",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comhfhoclacht"
},
{
"english": "odd word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "corrfhocal"
},
{
"english": "crossword",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crosfhocal"
},
{
"english": "epigram (in syllabic verse)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dánfhocal"
},
{
"english": "good, charitable, word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dea-fhocal"
},
{
"english": "buzzword",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dordfhocal"
},
{
"english": "riddle, conundrum, enigma",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dubhfhocal"
},
{
"english": "editorial",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "eagarfhocal"
},
{
"english": "word for word",
"word": "focal ar fhocal"
},
{
"english": "watchword; forewarning",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "focal faire"
},
{
"english": "humorous remark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "focal grinn"
},
{
"tags": [
"expletive",
"masculine"
],
"word": "focal le cois"
},
{
"english": "word in court",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "focal sa chúirt"
},
{
"english": "clincher",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "focal scoir"
},
{
"tags": [
"ellipsis",
"masculine"
],
"word": "focalbhá"
},
{
"english": "wordy, verbose",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "foclach"
},
{
"english": "philologist",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "focleolaí"
},
{
"english": "philological",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "focleolaíoch"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"philology",
"linguistics",
"history",
"philosophy",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"word": "focleolaíocht"
},
{
"english": "dictionary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "foclóir"
},
{
"english": "sharply worded",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "géarfhoclach"
},
{
"english": "ordinary word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gnáthfhocal"
},
{
"english": "quick-spoken",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "grodfhoclach"
},
{
"english": "epilogue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "iarfhocal"
},
{
"english": "pun",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "imeartas focal"
},
{
"english": "hint; catchword",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "leathfhocal"
},
{
"english": "magniloquent",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "mórfhoclach"
},
{
"english": "magniloquence",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mórfhoclacht"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neologism"
],
"word": "nuafhocal"
},
{
"english": "preposition",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "réamhfhocal"
},
{
"english": "slip of the tongue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sciorradh focail"
},
{
"english": "slip of the tongue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sciorrfhocal"
},
{
"english": "aside",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "seachfhocal"
},
{
"english": "old saying, proverb",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "seanfhocal"
},
{
"english": "vulgar expression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "slamfhocal"
},
{
"english": "strong assertion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "teannfhocal"
},
{
"english": "slip of the tongue",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "titim focail"
},
{
"english": "catchword",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "treoirfhocal"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wekʷ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "sga",
"3": "focul"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish focul",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*woxtlom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *woxtlom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wokʷtlom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wokʷtlom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*wekʷ-"
},
"expansion": "*wekʷ-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish focul, from Proto-Celtic *woxtlom, from Proto-Indo-European *wokʷtlom, from *wekʷ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "focail",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focail",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-decl-m1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "focal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focail",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "a fhocail",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "a fhocala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "focail",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "focal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focail",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-decl-m1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "an focal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na focail",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "an fhocail",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na bhfocal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leis an bhfocal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "don fhocal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leis na focail",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "focal",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "fhocal",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "bhfocal",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"eclipsis",
"mutation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "",
"11": "nominative plural",
"12": "focail",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "focail",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f4request": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "focal m (genitive singular focail, nominative plural focail)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "focail",
"3": "focail"
},
"expansion": "focal m (genitive singular focail, nominative plural focail)",
"name": "ga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "ocal",
"3": "ocail"
},
"name": "ga-decl-m1"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Irish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Peter had nothing to say for himself.",
"text": "Ní raibh focal ag Peadar.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"word"
],
"links": [
[
"word",
"word"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Irish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Is fearr focal sa chúirt ná punt sa sparán. (proverb)",
"text": "A friend in court is better than a pound in the purse.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"phrase, remark, observation, saying"
],
"links": [
[
"phrase",
"phrase"
],
[
"remark",
"remark"
],
[
"observation",
"observation"
],
[
"saying",
"saying"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"intelligence, message"
],
"links": [
[
"intelligence",
"intelligence"
],
[
"message",
"message"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"order"
],
"links": [
[
"order",
"order"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"promise, assurance"
],
"links": [
[
"promise",
"promise"
],
[
"assurance",
"assurance"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfˠɞkəl̪ˠ/",
"tags": [
"Munster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfˠɔkəl̪ˠ/",
"tags": [
"Munster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfˠɔkəlˠ/",
"tags": [
"Connacht"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfˠɔkəl̪ˠ/",
"tags": [
"Connacht"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfˠʌkəlˠ/",
"tags": [
"Ulster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfˠʌkəl̪ˠ/",
"tags": [
"Ulster"
]
}
],
"word": "focal"
}
{
"categories": [
"Portuguese 2-syllable words",
"Portuguese 3-syllable words",
"Portuguese adjectives",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese learned borrowings from New Latin",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese terms borrowed from New Latin",
"Portuguese terms derived from New Latin",
"Portuguese terms suffixed with -al",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Portuguese uncomparable adjectives",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/al",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/al/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/aw",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/aw/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "focalmente"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "NL.",
"3": "focālis"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from New Latin focālis",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "foco",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, foco + -al",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from New Latin focālis. By surface analysis, foco + -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "focais",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hascomp": "no"
},
"expansion": "focal m or f (plural focais, not comparable)",
"name": "pt-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"fo‧cal"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "foco"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"pt:Optics"
],
"glosses": [
"focal (relating to foci)"
],
"links": [
[
"optics",
"optics"
],
[
"focal",
"focal#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(optics) focal (relating to foci)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"optics",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pt:Medicine"
],
"glosses": [
"focal (limited to a small area)"
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"focal",
"focal#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) focal (limited to a small area)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/foˈkaw/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[foˈkaʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fuˈkal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[fuˈkaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fuˈkal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[fuˈkaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fuˈka.li/",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aw"
}
],
"word": "focal"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "focal",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "French focal",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "focal"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French focal",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French focal.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "focală",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focali",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "focale",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "focal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focală",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "focale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "focalul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focalii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "focalele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "focal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "focale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "focalului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focalei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "focalilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "focalelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "focal m or n (feminine singular focală, masculine plural focali, feminine and neuter plural focale)",
"name": "ro-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ro-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Romanian adjectives",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian terms borrowed from French",
"Romanian terms derived from French"
],
"glosses": [
"focal"
],
"links": [
[
"focal",
"focal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "focal"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "NL.",
"3": "focālis"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from New Latin focālis",
"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from New Latin focālis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "focales",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "focal m or f (masculine and feminine plural focales)",
"name": "es-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"fo‧cal"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Rhymes:Spanish/al",
"Rhymes:Spanish/al/2 syllables",
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish adjectives",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish epicene adjectives",
"Spanish learned borrowings from New Latin",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish terms borrowed from New Latin",
"Spanish terms derived from New Latin",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"focal"
],
"links": [
[
"focal",
"focal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/foˈkal/"
},
{
"ipa": "[foˈkal]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
}
],
"word": "focal"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: Bare forms:",
"path": [
"focal"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "focal",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: Forms with the definite article:",
"path": [
"focal"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "focal",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.