See dirge on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dirgelike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dirgy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dirige"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dirige",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dirige",
"4": "",
"5": "steer, direct"
},
"expansion": "Latin dirige (“steer, direct”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Dirige, Domine, deus meus, in conspectu tuo viam meam"
},
"expansion": "Dirige, Domine, deus meus, in conspectu tuo viam meam",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dirige"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of dirige",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dirige, from Latin dirige (“steer, direct”), from the beginning of the first antiphon in matins for the dead, Dirige, Domine, deus meus, in conspectu tuo viam meam. Doublet of dirige.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dirges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dirge (plural dirges)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dirgeful"
}
],
"senses": [
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{
"_dis": "76 3 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Funeral",
"orig": "en:Funeral",
"parents": [
"Death",
"Industries",
"Society",
"Body",
"Life",
"Business",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Economics",
"Fundamental",
"Social sciences",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 27 29",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Music",
"orig": "en:Music",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Sound",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"Society",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "91 4 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Poetry",
"orig": "en:Poetry",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Literature",
"Culture",
"Entertainment",
"Writing",
"Society",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Communication",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], page 153, column 2, lines 8–14:",
"text": "Therefore our ſometimes Siſter, now our Queen, / Th’ imperiall Ioyntreſſe of this warlike State, / Haue we, as ’twere, with a defeated ioy, / With one Auſpicious, and one Dropping eye, / With mirth in Funerall, and with Dirge in Marriage, / In equall Scale weighing Delight and Dole / Taken to Wife […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1816 June – 1817 April/May (date written), [Mary Shelley], chapter VII, in Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus. […], volume I, London: […] [Macdonald and Son] for Lackington, Hughes, Harding, Mavor, & Jones, published 1 January 1818, →OCLC:",
"text": "While I watched the tempest, so beautiful yet terrific, I wandered on with a hasty step. This noble war in the sky elevated my spirits; I clasped my hands, and exclaimed aloud, “William, dear angel! this is thy funeral, this thy dirge!”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1878 January–December, Thomas Hardy, The Return of the Native […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], published 1878, →OCLC:",
"text": "It was as if the night sang dirges with clenched teeth.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010 April 9, Glyn Maxwell, “WH Auden's ‘The Age of Anxiety’”, in The Guardian:",
"text": "Over six sections – a prologue, a life-story, a dream-quest, a dirge, a masque and an epilogue – they meditate on their lives, their hopes, their losses, and on the human condition.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A mournful poem or piece of music composed or performed as a memorial to a dead person."
],
"id": "en-dirge-en-noun-ZIMUUOsh",
"links": [
[
"mournful",
"mournful"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lament"
},
{
"word": "requiem"
},
{
"word": "coronach"
},
{
"word": "threnody"
},
{
"word": "elegy"
},
{
"word": "trental"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "treurlied"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "ligje"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "gjëmë"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"Gheg"
],
"word": "gjâmë"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "vajtim"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "pleqërishtë"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "lashtërishtë"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"alt": "tarnīma(t) janāʔiziyya",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "تَرْنِيمَة جَنَائِزِيَّة"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "yınaza",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "йыназа"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pogrebálna pésen",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "погреба́лна пе́сен"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "complanta"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plany"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cant fúnebre"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "哀樂"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "oi¹ ngok⁶",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "哀乐"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "oi¹ go¹",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "哀歌"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "輓歌"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wǎngē",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "挽歌"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "哀樂"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "āiyuè",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "哀乐"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "āigē",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "哀歌"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "truchlozpěv"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "žalozpěv"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pohřební píseň"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lijkzang"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "treurzang"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "treurlied"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rouwzang"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "surulaulu"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "suruvirsi"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chant funèbre"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Klagelied"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Trauersang"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Grabsang"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "thrênos",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "θρῆνος"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "gyászének"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "gyászdal"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "panaszdal"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "halotti ének"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "kesergő"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "siratóének"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "caoineadh"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nenia"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lamentazione"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lagna"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"alt": "あいか",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "aika",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "哀歌"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"alt": "ちょうか",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chōka",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "弔歌"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jangsongga",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "장송가"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "man'ga",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "만가"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "biga",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "비가"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "josi",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "조시"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "aega",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "애가"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nēnia"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "mortuālium"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aelinos"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "threnus"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rédba",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ре́дба"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "tážalka",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "та́жалка"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "apakura"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "pihe"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "tūkeka"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "matatangitangi"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "fūslēoþ"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pieśń żałobna"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "elegia"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"feminine"
],
"word": "nénia"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"feminine"
],
"word": "nênia"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "cântec funebru"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "elegie"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "recviem"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pogrebálʹnaja pesnʹ",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "погреба́льная песнь"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "panixída",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "панихи́да"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rékvijem",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ре́квием"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "tužaljka"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "tužbalica"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "naricaljka"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "narikača"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "canto fúnebre"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 28",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "kloglid",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "קלאָגליד"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A song or piece of music that is considered too slow, bland or boring."
],
"id": "en-dirge-en-noun-BtixOv~e",
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) A song or piece of music that is considered too slow, bland or boring."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "dûj",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɜːdʒ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "dûrj",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɝd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-dirge.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/df/En-us-dirge.ogg/En-us-dirge.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/En-us-dirge.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)dʒ"
}
],
"word": "dirge"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dirige"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dirige",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dirige",
"4": "",
"5": "steer, direct"
},
"expansion": "Latin dirige (“steer, direct”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Dirige, Domine, deus meus, in conspectu tuo viam meam"
},
"expansion": "Dirige, Domine, deus meus, in conspectu tuo viam meam",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dirige"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of dirige",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dirige, from Latin dirige (“steer, direct”), from the beginning of the first antiphon in matins for the dead, Dirige, Domine, deus meus, in conspectu tuo viam meam. Doublet of dirige.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dirges",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dirging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dirged",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dirged",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dirge (third-person singular simple present dirges, present participle dirging, simple past and past participle dirged)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 8 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 6 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 4 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 10 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bashkir translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 10 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 9 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cantonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 10 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 9 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 8 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 9 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 7 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 7 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 10 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 7 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 10 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 10 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 10 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 10 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 7 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 6 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To sing dirges"
],
"id": "en-dirge-en-verb-O3oCC5O6",
"links": [
[
"sing",
"sing"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "dûj",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɜːdʒ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "dûrj",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɝd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-dirge.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/df/En-us-dirge.ogg/En-us-dirge.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/En-us-dirge.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)dʒ"
}
],
"word": "dirge"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "dirge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "dirige"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of dirige"
],
"id": "en-dirge-enm-noun-Zg6OKHRj",
"links": [
[
"dirige",
"dirige#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "dirge"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)dʒ",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)dʒ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"en:Funeral",
"en:Music",
"en:Poetry"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dirgelike"
},
{
"word": "dirgy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dirige"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dirige",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dirige",
"4": "",
"5": "steer, direct"
},
"expansion": "Latin dirige (“steer, direct”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Dirige, Domine, deus meus, in conspectu tuo viam meam"
},
"expansion": "Dirige, Domine, deus meus, in conspectu tuo viam meam",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dirige"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of dirige",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dirige, from Latin dirige (“steer, direct”), from the beginning of the first antiphon in matins for the dead, Dirige, Domine, deus meus, in conspectu tuo viam meam. Doublet of dirige.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dirges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dirge (plural dirges)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "dirgeful"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], page 153, column 2, lines 8–14:",
"text": "Therefore our ſometimes Siſter, now our Queen, / Th’ imperiall Ioyntreſſe of this warlike State, / Haue we, as ’twere, with a defeated ioy, / With one Auſpicious, and one Dropping eye, / With mirth in Funerall, and with Dirge in Marriage, / In equall Scale weighing Delight and Dole / Taken to Wife […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1816 June – 1817 April/May (date written), [Mary Shelley], chapter VII, in Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus. […], volume I, London: […] [Macdonald and Son] for Lackington, Hughes, Harding, Mavor, & Jones, published 1 January 1818, →OCLC:",
"text": "While I watched the tempest, so beautiful yet terrific, I wandered on with a hasty step. This noble war in the sky elevated my spirits; I clasped my hands, and exclaimed aloud, “William, dear angel! this is thy funeral, this thy dirge!”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1878 January–December, Thomas Hardy, The Return of the Native […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], published 1878, →OCLC:",
"text": "It was as if the night sang dirges with clenched teeth.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010 April 9, Glyn Maxwell, “WH Auden's ‘The Age of Anxiety’”, in The Guardian:",
"text": "Over six sections – a prologue, a life-story, a dream-quest, a dirge, a masque and an epilogue – they meditate on their lives, their hopes, their losses, and on the human condition.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A mournful poem or piece of music composed or performed as a memorial to a dead person."
],
"links": [
[
"mournful",
"mournful"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lament"
},
{
"word": "requiem"
},
{
"word": "coronach"
},
{
"word": "threnody"
},
{
"word": "elegy"
},
{
"word": "trental"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"A song or piece of music that is considered too slow, bland or boring."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) A song or piece of music that is considered too slow, bland or boring."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "dûj",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɜːdʒ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "dûrj",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɝd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-dirge.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/df/En-us-dirge.ogg/En-us-dirge.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/En-us-dirge.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)dʒ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "treurlied"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "ligje"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "gjëmë"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"Gheg"
],
"word": "gjâmë"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "vajtim"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "pleqërishtë"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "lashtërishtë"
},
{
"alt": "tarnīma(t) janāʔiziyya",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "تَرْنِيمَة جَنَائِزِيَّة"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "yınaza",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "йыназа"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pogrebálna pésen",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "погреба́лна пе́сен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "complanta"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plany"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cant fúnebre"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "哀樂"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "oi¹ ngok⁶",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "哀乐"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "oi¹ go¹",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "哀歌"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "輓歌"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wǎngē",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "挽歌"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "哀樂"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "āiyuè",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "哀乐"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "āigē",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "哀歌"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "truchlozpěv"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "žalozpěv"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pohřební píseň"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lijkzang"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "treurzang"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "treurlied"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rouwzang"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "surulaulu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "suruvirsi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chant funèbre"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Klagelied"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Trauersang"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Grabsang"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "thrênos",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "θρῆνος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "gyászének"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "gyászdal"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "panaszdal"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "halotti ének"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "kesergő"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "siratóének"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "caoineadh"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nenia"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lamentazione"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lagna"
},
{
"alt": "あいか",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "aika",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "哀歌"
},
{
"alt": "ちょうか",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chōka",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "弔歌"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jangsongga",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "장송가"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "man'ga",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "만가"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "biga",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "비가"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "josi",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "조시"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "aega",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "애가"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nēnia"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "mortuālium"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aelinos"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "threnus"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rédba",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ре́дба"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "tážalka",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "та́жалка"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "apakura"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "pihe"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "tūkeka"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"word": "matatangitangi"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "fūslēoþ"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pieśń żałobna"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "elegia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"feminine"
],
"word": "nénia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"feminine"
],
"word": "nênia"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "cântec funebru"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "elegie"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "recviem"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pogrebálʹnaja pesnʹ",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "погреба́льная песнь"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "panixída",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "панихи́да"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rékvijem",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ре́квием"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "tužaljka"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "tužbalica"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "naricaljka"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "narikača"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "canto fúnebre"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "kloglid",
"sense": "mournful poem or piece of music",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "קלאָגליד"
}
],
"word": "dirge"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)dʒ",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)dʒ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"en:Funeral",
"en:Music",
"en:Poetry"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dirige"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dirige",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dirige",
"4": "",
"5": "steer, direct"
},
"expansion": "Latin dirige (“steer, direct”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Dirige, Domine, deus meus, in conspectu tuo viam meam"
},
"expansion": "Dirige, Domine, deus meus, in conspectu tuo viam meam",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dirige"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of dirige",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dirige, from Latin dirige (“steer, direct”), from the beginning of the first antiphon in matins for the dead, Dirige, Domine, deus meus, in conspectu tuo viam meam. Doublet of dirige.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dirges",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dirging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dirged",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dirged",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dirge (third-person singular simple present dirges, present participle dirging, simple past and past participle dirged)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To sing dirges"
],
"links": [
[
"sing",
"sing"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "dûj",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɜːdʒ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "dûrj",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɝd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-dirge.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/df/En-us-dirge.ogg/En-us-dirge.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/En-us-dirge.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)dʒ"
}
],
"word": "dirge"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "dirge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "dirige"
}
],
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of dirige"
],
"links": [
[
"dirige",
"dirige#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "dirge"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dirge meaning in All languages combined (18.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.