See coolie on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for coolie meaning in All languages combined (13.6kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Coolie Christmas"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "coolie hat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "coolieism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "coolie orange"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzs",
"2": "cúli",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Macanese: cúli",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Macanese: cúli"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "culi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: culi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: culi"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "inc-hnd"
},
"expansion": "Hindustani",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "क़ुली",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "क़ुली",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "قلی",
"3": "",
"4": "hired laborer",
"tr": "qulī"
},
"expansion": "قلی (qulī, “hired laborer”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ota",
"3": "قول",
"t": "servant",
"tr": "kul"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish قول (kul, “servant”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gu",
"3": "કોળી"
},
"expansion": "Gujarati કોળી (koḷī)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"2": "কুলি"
},
"expansion": "Bengali কুলি (kuli)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "கூலி",
"3": "",
"4": "daily hire"
},
"expansion": "Tamil கூலி (kūli, “daily hire”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-hnd"
},
"expansion": "Hindustani",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "کولی"
},
"expansion": "کولی (kolī)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "कोली",
"3": "",
"4": "weaver; low-class"
},
"expansion": "कोली (kolī, “weaver; low-class”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "苦力",
"t": "hard labor",
"tr": "kǔlì"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin 苦力 (kǔlì, “hard labor”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Hindustani क़ुली / قلی (qulī, “hired laborer”), possibly from Ottoman Turkish قول (kul, “servant”). Another theory says that it is named after Gujarati કોળી (koḷī), a Gujarati tribe or caste. Other forms occur in Bengali কুলি (kuli) and Tamil கூலி (kūli, “daily hire”). Possibly also influenced by Hindustani کولی (kolī) / कोली (kolī, “weaver; low-class”). In Kurdish Koile (کۆیلە) and Quli (قولى): Slave, Servant. Kawli (Keweli): Low-Class, Gypsy.\nMandarin 苦力 (kǔlì, “hard labor”) may have been influenced by cognates of the above Hindi word in other languages and may have further influenced English.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "coolies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "coolie (plural coolies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "koolie"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1913, Elizabeth Kimball Kendall, A Wayfarer in China",
"text": "From Hui-li-chou northwards I was escorted by real soldiers, quite of the new service. They looked rather shipshape in khaki suits and puttees, and their guns were of a good model, but they handled them in careless fashion at first, belabouring laden ponies and even coolies who were slow in getting out of the way of my chair.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1943 November and December, G. T. Porter, “The Lines Behind the Lines in Burma”, in Railway Magazine, page 325",
"text": "Outside, beyond the sun-baked station yard, a rice mill chugged away in the distance, and sweating coolies unloaded bags of rice from creaking bullock carts.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1992, Jan Breman, E. Valentine Daniel, “Conclusion: The Making of a Coolie”, in E. Valentine Daniel, Henry Bernstein, Tom Brass, editors, Plantations, Proletarians, and Peasants in Colonial Asia, Frank Cass & Co., page 268",
"text": "Coolie-identity is as much the product of self-perception as it is the construction of a category by those who did not belong to it. It is these constructions that historically constituted a coolie in the matrix of power relations which this essay seeks to partially comprehend.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2008, Lisa Yun, The Coolie Speaks: Chinese Indentured Laborers and African Slaves in Cuba, Temple University Press, page xix",
"text": "Community histories did not necessarily feature the coolie, partly due to the fact that “coolie” is a classed term. Asian coolies were regarded as lowly laborers.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An unskilled Asian worker, usually of Chinese or Indian descent; a labourer; a porter. Coolies were frequently transported to other countries in the 19th and early 20th centuries as indentured labourers."
],
"id": "en-coolie-en-noun-7ho0dG0u",
"links": [
[
"unskilled",
"unskilled"
],
[
"Asian",
"Asian"
],
[
"worker",
"worker"
],
[
"Chinese",
"Chinese"
],
[
"Indian",
"Indian"
],
[
"indenture",
"indenture"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "koelie"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "kuli",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "ကူလီ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "gu¹ lei¹",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "咕哩"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "khó͘-ia̍h",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "苦役"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "khó͘-le̍k, khó͘-lo̍h",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "苦力"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "ku-lí",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "居里"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "ku-lí",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "苦力"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kǔlì",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "苦力"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kuli"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "koelie"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "kuli"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "coolie"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kuli"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "koúlis",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "κούλης"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "qulī",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "क़ुली"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kulī",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "कुली"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "mazdūr",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "मज़दूर"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "majdūr",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "मजदूर"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "kuli"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "kuli"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "pekerja kasar"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"alt": "クーリー",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kūrī",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "苦力"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "kuulii",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "គូលី"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "kulli",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "쿨리"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "kuli"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Pollish",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kulis"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cúli"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cole"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cule"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kúli",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ку́ли"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "černomázyj",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "чернома́зый"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čúrka",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "чу́рка"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kuli"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "culi"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "kuli"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "kuli"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "köle"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "qulī",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "قلی"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "cu li"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "phu"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Caribbean English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English ethnic slurs",
"parents": [
"Ethnic slurs",
"Offensive terms",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Fijian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Guyanese English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Jamaican English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "South African English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Trinidad and Tobago English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "34 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 81",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1991, Larry Bond, Patrick Larkin, Vortex, page 56",
"text": "Well, he and his troops had shown the koefietjies-the little coolies-how quickly and how easily Afrikaner explosive shells could knock it down.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Marlon James, A Brief History of Seven Killings, Oneworld Publications (2015), page 199",
"text": "Even a coolie would have been better.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An Indian or a person of Indian descent."
],
"id": "en-coolie-en-noun-EMWnpQMD",
"links": [
[
"ethnic",
"ethnic"
],
[
"slur",
"slur"
],
[
"Indian",
"Indian"
]
],
"qualifier": "South Africa and other parts of Africa",
"raw_glosses": [
"(offensive, Trinidad and Tobago, Caribbean, Guyana, Jamaica, Fiji, South Africa and other parts of Africa, ethnic slur) An Indian or a person of Indian descent."
],
"tags": [
"Caribbean",
"Guyana",
"Jamaica",
"Trinidad-and-Tobago",
"ethnic",
"offensive",
"slur"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkuːli/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːli"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-coolie.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ad/En-au-coolie.ogg/En-au-coolie.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/En-au-coolie.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "coolee"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "cooly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kuli"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "quli"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "koelie"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"coolie"
],
"word": "coolie"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "coolies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "coolie m (plural coolies)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"coolie"
],
"id": "en-coolie-fr-noun-rUEq20k9",
"links": [
[
"coolie",
"coolie#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-coolie.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-coolie.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-coolie.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-coolie.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-coolie.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "coolie"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Hindustani languages",
"English terms derived from Gujarati",
"English terms derived from Hindustani languages",
"English terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/uːli",
"Rhymes:English/uːli/2 syllables",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Coolie Christmas"
},
{
"word": "coolie hat"
},
{
"word": "coolieism"
},
{
"word": "coolie orange"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzs",
"2": "cúli",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Macanese: cúli",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Macanese: cúli"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "culi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: culi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: culi"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "inc-hnd"
},
"expansion": "Hindustani",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "क़ुली",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "क़ुली",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "قلی",
"3": "",
"4": "hired laborer",
"tr": "qulī"
},
"expansion": "قلی (qulī, “hired laborer”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ota",
"3": "قول",
"t": "servant",
"tr": "kul"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish قول (kul, “servant”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gu",
"3": "કોળી"
},
"expansion": "Gujarati કોળી (koḷī)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"2": "কুলি"
},
"expansion": "Bengali কুলি (kuli)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "கூலி",
"3": "",
"4": "daily hire"
},
"expansion": "Tamil கூலி (kūli, “daily hire”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-hnd"
},
"expansion": "Hindustani",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "کولی"
},
"expansion": "کولی (kolī)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "कोली",
"3": "",
"4": "weaver; low-class"
},
"expansion": "कोली (kolī, “weaver; low-class”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "苦力",
"t": "hard labor",
"tr": "kǔlì"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin 苦力 (kǔlì, “hard labor”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Hindustani क़ुली / قلی (qulī, “hired laborer”), possibly from Ottoman Turkish قول (kul, “servant”). Another theory says that it is named after Gujarati કોળી (koḷī), a Gujarati tribe or caste. Other forms occur in Bengali কুলি (kuli) and Tamil கூலி (kūli, “daily hire”). Possibly also influenced by Hindustani کولی (kolī) / कोली (kolī, “weaver; low-class”). In Kurdish Koile (کۆیلە) and Quli (قولى): Slave, Servant. Kawli (Keweli): Low-Class, Gypsy.\nMandarin 苦力 (kǔlì, “hard labor”) may have been influenced by cognates of the above Hindi word in other languages and may have further influenced English.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "coolies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "coolie (plural coolies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "koolie"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1913, Elizabeth Kimball Kendall, A Wayfarer in China",
"text": "From Hui-li-chou northwards I was escorted by real soldiers, quite of the new service. They looked rather shipshape in khaki suits and puttees, and their guns were of a good model, but they handled them in careless fashion at first, belabouring laden ponies and even coolies who were slow in getting out of the way of my chair.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1943 November and December, G. T. Porter, “The Lines Behind the Lines in Burma”, in Railway Magazine, page 325",
"text": "Outside, beyond the sun-baked station yard, a rice mill chugged away in the distance, and sweating coolies unloaded bags of rice from creaking bullock carts.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1992, Jan Breman, E. Valentine Daniel, “Conclusion: The Making of a Coolie”, in E. Valentine Daniel, Henry Bernstein, Tom Brass, editors, Plantations, Proletarians, and Peasants in Colonial Asia, Frank Cass & Co., page 268",
"text": "Coolie-identity is as much the product of self-perception as it is the construction of a category by those who did not belong to it. It is these constructions that historically constituted a coolie in the matrix of power relations which this essay seeks to partially comprehend.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2008, Lisa Yun, The Coolie Speaks: Chinese Indentured Laborers and African Slaves in Cuba, Temple University Press, page xix",
"text": "Community histories did not necessarily feature the coolie, partly due to the fact that “coolie” is a classed term. Asian coolies were regarded as lowly laborers.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An unskilled Asian worker, usually of Chinese or Indian descent; a labourer; a porter. Coolies were frequently transported to other countries in the 19th and early 20th centuries as indentured labourers."
],
"links": [
[
"unskilled",
"unskilled"
],
[
"Asian",
"Asian"
],
[
"worker",
"worker"
],
[
"Chinese",
"Chinese"
],
[
"Indian",
"Indian"
],
[
"indenture",
"indenture"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Caribbean English",
"English ethnic slurs",
"English offensive terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"Fijian English",
"Guyanese English",
"Jamaican English",
"South African English",
"Trinidad and Tobago English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1991, Larry Bond, Patrick Larkin, Vortex, page 56",
"text": "Well, he and his troops had shown the koefietjies-the little coolies-how quickly and how easily Afrikaner explosive shells could knock it down.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Marlon James, A Brief History of Seven Killings, Oneworld Publications (2015), page 199",
"text": "Even a coolie would have been better.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An Indian or a person of Indian descent."
],
"links": [
[
"ethnic",
"ethnic"
],
[
"slur",
"slur"
],
[
"Indian",
"Indian"
]
],
"qualifier": "South Africa and other parts of Africa",
"raw_glosses": [
"(offensive, Trinidad and Tobago, Caribbean, Guyana, Jamaica, Fiji, South Africa and other parts of Africa, ethnic slur) An Indian or a person of Indian descent."
],
"tags": [
"Caribbean",
"Guyana",
"Jamaica",
"Trinidad-and-Tobago",
"ethnic",
"offensive",
"slur"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkuːli/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːli"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-coolie.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ad/En-au-coolie.ogg/En-au-coolie.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/En-au-coolie.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "coolee"
},
{
"word": "cooly"
},
{
"word": "kuli"
},
{
"word": "quli"
},
{
"word": "koelie"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "koelie"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "kuli",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "ကူလီ"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "gu¹ lei¹",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "咕哩"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "khó͘-ia̍h",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "苦役"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "khó͘-le̍k, khó͘-lo̍h",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "苦力"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "ku-lí",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "居里"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "ku-lí",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "苦力"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kǔlì",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "苦力"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kuli"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "koelie"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "kuli"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "coolie"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kuli"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "koúlis",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "κούλης"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "qulī",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "क़ुली"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kulī",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "कुली"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "mazdūr",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "मज़दूर"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "majdūr",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "मजदूर"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "kuli"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "kuli"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "pekerja kasar"
},
{
"alt": "クーリー",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kūrī",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "苦力"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "kuulii",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "គូលី"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "kulli",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "쿨리"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "kuli"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Pollish",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kulis"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cúli"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cole"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cule"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kúli",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ку́ли"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "černomázyj",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "чернома́зый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čúrka",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "чу́рка"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kuli"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "culi"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "kuli"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "kuli"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "köle"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "qulī",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "قلی"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "cu li"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "unskilled Asian worker",
"word": "phu"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"coolie"
],
"word": "coolie"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "coolies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "coolie m (plural coolies)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms with audio links"
],
"glosses": [
"coolie"
],
"links": [
[
"coolie",
"coolie#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-coolie.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-coolie.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-coolie.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-coolie.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-coolie.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "coolie"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: offensive, Trinidad and Tobago, Caribbean, Guyana, Jamaica, Fiji, South Africa and other parts of Africa, ethnic slur",
"path": [
"coolie"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "coolie",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: offensive, Trinidad and Tobago, Caribbean, Guyana, Jamaica, Fiji, South Africa and other parts of Africa, ethnic slur",
"path": [
"coolie"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "coolie",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.