See clavis on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for clavis meaning in All languages combined (18.9kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "clāvis",
"4": "",
"5": "a key"
},
"expansion": "Latin clāvis (“a key”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "clef"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of clef",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin clāvis (“a key”). Doublet of clef.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "clavises",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "claves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "+",
"2": "claves"
},
"expansion": "clavis (plural clavises or claves)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "clavichord"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Archaeology",
"orig": "en:Archaeology",
"parents": [
"Anthropology",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Zoology",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Biology",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1873, “Proceedings of the Association”, in Journal of the British Archaeological Association, volume 29, April 9th, page 202",
"text": "Iron clavis, the solid web-shaped at the edges to fit the wards in the lock, and having a pointed broach and a kite-formed looped haft.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A Roman key."
],
"id": "en-clavis-en-noun-1V7NNwKU",
"links": [
[
"archaeology",
"archaeology"
],
[
"Roman",
"Roman"
],
[
"key",
"key"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaeology) A Roman key."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "key"
}
],
"topics": [
"archaeology",
"history",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1904, B. O. Flower, “Editorials”, in B. O. Flower, editor, The Arena, volume 32, VI. Dr. Bell shows how hopeless insanity was a fruit of public parsimony, page 540, column 2",
"text": "His hands were restrained by means of a clavis and bolt (of iron), appropriated to each wrist, and united by a padlock.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A device for restraint of the hands."
],
"id": "en-clavis-en-noun-9VDYabSx",
"links": [
[
"device",
"device"
],
[
"restraint",
"restraint"
],
[
"hand",
"hand"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "shackles"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 5 42 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 5 58 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Dictionaries",
"orig": "en:Dictionaries",
"parents": [
"Lexicography",
"Reference works",
"Linguistics",
"Books",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Literature",
"Mass media",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"Culture",
"Entertainment",
"Writing",
"Media",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 6 45 23",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Law enforcement",
"orig": "en:Law enforcement",
"parents": [
"Crime prevention",
"Emergency services",
"Law",
"Crime",
"Public safety",
"Justice",
"Criminal law",
"Society",
"Public administration",
"Security",
"All topics",
"Government",
"Fundamental",
"Politics"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1784 July 12, William Cowper, “To the Rev. William Unwin.”, in Robert Southey, editor, The Works of William Cowper, with a Life of the Author, volume 5, published 1836, page 54",
"text": "Homer, with a clavis, I have had possession of some years.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A glossary."
],
"id": "en-clavis-en-noun-ihNr2PXv",
"links": [
[
"glossary",
"glossary"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "glossary"
},
{
"word": "idioticon"
},
{
"word": "vocabulary"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Taxonomy",
"orig": "en:Taxonomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Evolutionary theory",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1921, Alexander Irvine, “Short Notes: Rosa spinosissima×rubiginosa×f. cantiana, forma nova”, in Journal of Botany, British and Foreign, volume 59, number 702, page 180",
"text": "There are many disadvantages in using a clavis intended for another country, which necessarily includes plants that are absent from our islands while it omits some that are present and neglects the peculiarities of our island flora.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A key; an identification guide; a series of logically organized groups of discriminating information which aims to allow the user to correctly identify a taxon."
],
"id": "en-clavis-en-noun-Qi85qN~D",
"links": [
[
"taxonomy",
"taxonomy"
],
[
"key",
"key"
],
[
"identification",
"identification"
],
[
"guide",
"guide"
],
[
"series",
"series"
],
[
"logically",
"logically"
],
[
"organize",
"organize"
],
[
"discriminating",
"discriminating"
],
[
"information",
"information"
],
[
"taxon",
"taxon"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(taxonomy) A key; an identification guide; a series of logically organized groups of discriminating information which aims to allow the user to correctly identify a taxon."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "identification guide"
},
{
"word": "conspectus"
},
{
"word": "key"
}
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"taxonomy"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 13 2 78",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kensakuhyō",
"sense": "groups of information used for identifying a taxon",
"word": "検索表"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkleɪ.vɪs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈklɑv.ɪs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪvɪs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ævɪs"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-clavis.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-clavis.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-clavis.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-clavis2.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-clavis2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-clavis2.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-clavis2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-clavis2.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "clavis"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "clavis",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "clavar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular present subjunctive of clavar"
],
"id": "en-clavis-ca-verb--oUFxpsq",
"links": [
[
"clavar",
"clavar#Catalan"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"word": "clavis"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "clāvichordium"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "clāvicula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "clāvicārius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "clāviger"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "clāvile"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "clāvis aurea"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "conclāve"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "sub clāve"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balkan Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "cljai"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: cljai",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: cljai"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "cheie"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: cheie",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: cheie"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Dalmatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "cluf",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "cluf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "cluf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "chiave"
},
"expansion": "Italian: chiave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: chiave"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "chiave"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan: chiave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Neapolitan: chiave"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "chiavi",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: chiavi, ciavi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: chiavi, ciavi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Padanian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "ciav"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: ciav",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: ciav"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rgn",
"2": "cêv"
},
"expansion": "Romagnol: cêv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romagnol: cêv"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "clâf",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: clâf, clâv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: clâf, clâv"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ist",
"2": "ciave"
},
"expansion": "Istriot: ciave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istriot: ciave"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lld",
"2": "chiëf"
},
"expansion": "Ladin: chiëf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ladin: chiëf"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "clav",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: clav, clev",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: clav, clev"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "ciave"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: ciave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: ciave"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "clau"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: clau",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: clau"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frp",
"2": "cllâf"
},
"expansion": "Franco-Provençal: cllâf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Franco-Provençal: cllâf"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "clef"
},
"expansion": "Old French: clef",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: clef (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "clau"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: clau",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: clau"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ibero-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "clau"
},
"expansion": "Aragonese: clau",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aragonese: clau"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "cllau"
},
"expansion": "cllau",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Ribagorçan: cllau"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "llave"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: llave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: llave"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "chave"
},
"expansion": "Galician: chave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: chave"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "chave"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: chave",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: chave (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "llave"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: llave",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: llave (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Insular Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "crae"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: crae",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: crae"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "clavis",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: clavis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: clavis"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "klawisz",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: klawisz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: klawisz"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "клавиша",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: клавиша (klaviša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: клавиша (klaviša)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "clave",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: clave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: clave"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "clave",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: clave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: clave"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*klāwis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *klāwis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kleh₂w-",
"4": "*kleh₂u-",
"5": "nail, pin, hook - instruments, of old use for locking doors"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂u- (“nail, pin, hook - instruments, of old use for locking doors”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "clāvus",
"t": "nail"
},
"expansion": "clāvus (“nail”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "grc",
"3": "*κλᾱϝίς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek *κλᾱϝίς (*klāwís)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κλείς"
},
"expansion": "κλείς (kleís)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *klāwis. Either a secondary i-stem derivation of the Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂u- (“nail, pin, hook - instruments, of old use for locking doors”) which gave also Latin clāvus (“nail”), an inherited Indo-European word originally denoting an instrument for unlocking doors, or a loanword from dialectal Ancient Greek *κλᾱϝίς (*klāwís) (Classical κλείς (kleís)), from the same Proto-Indo-European root.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "clāvis",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clāve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "clāvis<3.acc-em-im.abl-e-i>",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "clāvis f (genitive clāvis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "clāvis<3.acc-em-im.abl-e-i>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "claudō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "claustellum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "claustrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "claustrārius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "clausula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "clausum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "clausus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "clausūra"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "clāvus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "clāva"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "After this discourse he laid the keys of the gates and of the royal treasure at their feet.",
"ref": "27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 24",
"text": "Post hanc orationem claves portarum pecuniaeque regiae ante pedes eorum posuit."
},
{
"english": "[…] and, behold, he did not open the doors; therefore they took a key and opened [the doors] to enter [but] their lord was lying dead on the ground.",
"ref": "405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Iudicum.3.25",
"text": "[…] et videntes quod nullus aperiret tulerunt clavem et aperientes invenerunt dominum suum iacentem in terra mortuum"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a key"
],
"id": "en-clavis-la-noun-j6Oqsvqp",
"links": [
[
"key",
"key"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "an instrument in the form of a key, by which a top was set in motion",
"word": "clāvis trochī"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin ellipses",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 67 3 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 69 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ellipsis of clāvis trochī.: an instrument in the form of a key, by which a top was set in motion"
],
"id": "en-clavis-la-noun-RFDCLpd1",
"links": [
[
"clāvis trochī",
"clavis trochi#Latin"
],
[
"instrument",
"instrument"
],
[
"key",
"key"
],
[
"top",
"top"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"declension-3",
"ellipsis"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "234 BCE – 149 BCE, Cato the Elder, De Agri Cultura 13",
"text": "[…] seriam vinariam unam, clavem torculari I […]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a lever or bar for tightening a screw press"
],
"id": "en-clavis-la-noun-EfE6HAz-",
"links": [
[
"lever",
"lever"
],
[
"bar",
"bar"
],
[
"tighten",
"tighten"
],
[
"screw",
"screw"
],
[
"press",
"press"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "clāvis torculārī"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈklaː.u̯is/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkɫ̪äːu̯ɪs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkla.vis/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkläːvis]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "clavis"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "clāvīs",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "noun form",
"head": "clāvīs"
},
"expansion": "clāvīs",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "clāvus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dative/ablative plural of clāvus"
],
"id": "en-clavis-la-noun-jdahImIs",
"links": [
[
"clāvus",
"clavus#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dative",
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "clavis"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "clāvīs",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "noun form",
"head": "clāvīs"
},
"expansion": "clāvīs",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "clāva"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dative/ablative plural of clāva"
],
"id": "en-clavis-la-noun-uyMfg8Fh",
"links": [
[
"clāva",
"clava#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dative",
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "clavis"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "clavis",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan non-lemma forms",
"Catalan verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "clavar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular present subjunctive of clavar"
],
"links": [
[
"clavar",
"clavar#Catalan"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"word": "clavis"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/eɪvɪs",
"Rhymes:English/eɪvɪs/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ævɪs",
"Rhymes:English/ævɪs/2 syllables",
"en:Dictionaries",
"en:Law enforcement"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "clāvis",
"4": "",
"5": "a key"
},
"expansion": "Latin clāvis (“a key”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "clef"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of clef",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin clāvis (“a key”). Doublet of clef.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "clavises",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "claves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "+",
"2": "claves"
},
"expansion": "clavis (plural clavises or claves)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "clavichord"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Archaeology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1873, “Proceedings of the Association”, in Journal of the British Archaeological Association, volume 29, April 9th, page 202",
"text": "Iron clavis, the solid web-shaped at the edges to fit the wards in the lock, and having a pointed broach and a kite-formed looped haft.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A Roman key."
],
"links": [
[
"archaeology",
"archaeology"
],
[
"Roman",
"Roman"
],
[
"key",
"key"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaeology) A Roman key."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "key"
}
],
"topics": [
"archaeology",
"history",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1904, B. O. Flower, “Editorials”, in B. O. Flower, editor, The Arena, volume 32, VI. Dr. Bell shows how hopeless insanity was a fruit of public parsimony, page 540, column 2",
"text": "His hands were restrained by means of a clavis and bolt (of iron), appropriated to each wrist, and united by a padlock.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A device for restraint of the hands."
],
"links": [
[
"device",
"device"
],
[
"restraint",
"restraint"
],
[
"hand",
"hand"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "shackles"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1784 July 12, William Cowper, “To the Rev. William Unwin.”, in Robert Southey, editor, The Works of William Cowper, with a Life of the Author, volume 5, published 1836, page 54",
"text": "Homer, with a clavis, I have had possession of some years.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A glossary."
],
"links": [
[
"glossary",
"glossary"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "glossary"
},
{
"word": "idioticon"
},
{
"word": "vocabulary"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Taxonomy"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1921, Alexander Irvine, “Short Notes: Rosa spinosissima×rubiginosa×f. cantiana, forma nova”, in Journal of Botany, British and Foreign, volume 59, number 702, page 180",
"text": "There are many disadvantages in using a clavis intended for another country, which necessarily includes plants that are absent from our islands while it omits some that are present and neglects the peculiarities of our island flora.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A key; an identification guide; a series of logically organized groups of discriminating information which aims to allow the user to correctly identify a taxon."
],
"links": [
[
"taxonomy",
"taxonomy"
],
[
"key",
"key"
],
[
"identification",
"identification"
],
[
"guide",
"guide"
],
[
"series",
"series"
],
[
"logically",
"logically"
],
[
"organize",
"organize"
],
[
"discriminating",
"discriminating"
],
[
"information",
"information"
],
[
"taxon",
"taxon"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(taxonomy) A key; an identification guide; a series of logically organized groups of discriminating information which aims to allow the user to correctly identify a taxon."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "identification guide"
},
{
"word": "conspectus"
},
{
"word": "key"
}
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"taxonomy"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkleɪ.vɪs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈklɑv.ɪs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪvɪs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ævɪs"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-clavis.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-clavis.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-clavis.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-clavis.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-clavis.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-clavis2.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-clavis2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-clavis2.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-clavis2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-clavis2.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kensakuhyō",
"sense": "groups of information used for identifying a taxon",
"word": "検索表"
}
],
"word": "clavis"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin noun forms",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin third declension nouns"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "clāvichordium"
},
{
"word": "clāvicula"
},
{
"word": "clāvicārius"
},
{
"word": "clāviger"
},
{
"word": "clāvile"
},
{
"word": "clāvis aurea"
},
{
"word": "conclāve"
},
{
"word": "sub clāve"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balkan Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "cljai"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: cljai",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: cljai"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "cheie"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: cheie",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: cheie"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Dalmatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "cluf",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "cluf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "cluf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "chiave"
},
"expansion": "Italian: chiave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: chiave"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "chiave"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan: chiave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Neapolitan: chiave"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "chiavi",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: chiavi, ciavi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: chiavi, ciavi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Padanian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "ciav"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: ciav",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: ciav"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rgn",
"2": "cêv"
},
"expansion": "Romagnol: cêv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romagnol: cêv"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "clâf",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: clâf, clâv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: clâf, clâv"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ist",
"2": "ciave"
},
"expansion": "Istriot: ciave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istriot: ciave"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lld",
"2": "chiëf"
},
"expansion": "Ladin: chiëf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ladin: chiëf"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "clav",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: clav, clev",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: clav, clev"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "ciave"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: ciave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: ciave"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "clau"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: clau",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: clau"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frp",
"2": "cllâf"
},
"expansion": "Franco-Provençal: cllâf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Franco-Provençal: cllâf"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "clef"
},
"expansion": "Old French: clef",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: clef (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "clau"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: clau",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: clau"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ibero-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "clau"
},
"expansion": "Aragonese: clau",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aragonese: clau"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "cllau"
},
"expansion": "cllau",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Ribagorçan: cllau"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "llave"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: llave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: llave"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "chave"
},
"expansion": "Galician: chave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: chave"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "chave"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: chave",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: chave (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "llave"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: llave",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: llave (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Insular Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "crae"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: crae",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: crae"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "clavis",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: clavis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: clavis"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "klawisz",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: klawisz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: klawisz"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "клавиша",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: клавиша (klaviša)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: клавиша (klaviša)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "clave",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: clave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: clave"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "clave",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: clave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: clave"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*klāwis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *klāwis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kleh₂w-",
"4": "*kleh₂u-",
"5": "nail, pin, hook - instruments, of old use for locking doors"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂u- (“nail, pin, hook - instruments, of old use for locking doors”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "clāvus",
"t": "nail"
},
"expansion": "clāvus (“nail”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "grc",
"3": "*κλᾱϝίς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek *κλᾱϝίς (*klāwís)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κλείς"
},
"expansion": "κλείς (kleís)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *klāwis. Either a secondary i-stem derivation of the Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂u- (“nail, pin, hook - instruments, of old use for locking doors”) which gave also Latin clāvus (“nail”), an inherited Indo-European word originally denoting an instrument for unlocking doors, or a loanword from dialectal Ancient Greek *κλᾱϝίς (*klāwís) (Classical κλείς (kleís)), from the same Proto-Indo-European root.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "clāvis",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clāve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "clāvēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "clāvis<3.acc-em-im.abl-e-i>",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "clāvis f (genitive clāvis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "clāvis<3.acc-em-im.abl-e-i>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "claudō"
},
{
"word": "claustellum"
},
{
"word": "claustrum"
},
{
"word": "claustrārius"
},
{
"word": "clausula"
},
{
"word": "clausum"
},
{
"word": "clausus"
},
{
"word": "clausūra"
},
{
"word": "clāvus"
},
{
"word": "clāva"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "After this discourse he laid the keys of the gates and of the royal treasure at their feet.",
"ref": "27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 24",
"text": "Post hanc orationem claves portarum pecuniaeque regiae ante pedes eorum posuit."
},
{
"english": "[…] and, behold, he did not open the doors; therefore they took a key and opened [the doors] to enter [but] their lord was lying dead on the ground.",
"ref": "405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Iudicum.3.25",
"text": "[…] et videntes quod nullus aperiret tulerunt clavem et aperientes invenerunt dominum suum iacentem in terra mortuum"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a key"
],
"links": [
[
"key",
"key"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "an instrument in the form of a key, by which a top was set in motion",
"word": "clāvis trochī"
}
],
"categories": [
"Latin ellipses"
],
"glosses": [
"Ellipsis of clāvis trochī.: an instrument in the form of a key, by which a top was set in motion"
],
"links": [
[
"clāvis trochī",
"clavis trochi#Latin"
],
[
"instrument",
"instrument"
],
[
"key",
"key"
],
[
"top",
"top"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"declension-3",
"ellipsis"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Latin quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "234 BCE – 149 BCE, Cato the Elder, De Agri Cultura 13",
"text": "[…] seriam vinariam unam, clavem torculari I […]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a lever or bar for tightening a screw press"
],
"links": [
[
"lever",
"lever"
],
[
"bar",
"bar"
],
[
"tighten",
"tighten"
],
[
"screw",
"screw"
],
[
"press",
"press"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "clāvis torculārī"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈklaː.u̯is/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkɫ̪äːu̯ɪs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkla.vis/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkläːvis]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "clavis"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin noun forms"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "clāvīs",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "noun form",
"head": "clāvīs"
},
"expansion": "clāvīs",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "clāvus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dative/ablative plural of clāvus"
],
"links": [
[
"clāvus",
"clavus#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dative",
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "clavis"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin noun forms"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "clāvīs",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "noun form",
"head": "clāvīs"
},
"expansion": "clāvīs",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "clāva"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dative/ablative plural of clāva"
],
"links": [
[
"clāva",
"clava#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dative",
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "clavis"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.