See chien on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for chien meaning in All languages combined (12.4kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "chien",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French chien",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "chien"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French chien",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chien"
},
"expansion": "Old French chien",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "canis",
"4": "canis, canem",
"t": "dog"
},
"expansion": "Latin canis, canem (“dog”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French chien, from Old French chien, from Latin canis, canem (“dog”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chiens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chienne",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"f": "+"
},
"expansion": "chien m (plural chiens, feminine chienne)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 64 9",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Dogs",
"orig": "fr:Dogs",
"parents": [
"Canids",
"Carnivores",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dog"
],
"id": "en-chien-fr-noun-zWNX792W",
"links": [
[
"dog",
"dog"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "clebs"
},
{
"word": "cabot"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 4 48",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Gun mechanisms",
"orig": "fr:Gun mechanisms",
"parents": [
"Firearms",
"Mechanisms",
"Weapons",
"Machines",
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Technology",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cock, hammer (of a firearm)"
],
"id": "en-chien-fr-noun-jys7OsDu",
"links": [
[
"cock",
"cock"
],
[
"hammer",
"hammer"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃjɛ̃/",
"tags": [
"Belgium",
"France"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃjẽ/",
"tags": [
"Quebec"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-jɛ̃"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-chien.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7c/Fr-chien.ogg/Fr-chien.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Fr-chien.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "chien"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ht",
"2": "chyen"
},
"expansion": "Haitian Creole: chyen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Haitian Creole: chyen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "chien",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French chien",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "chien"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French chien",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chien"
},
"expansion": "Old French chien",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "canis",
"4": "canis, canem",
"t": "dog"
},
"expansion": "Latin canis, canem (“dog”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French chien, from Old French chien, from Latin canis, canem (“dog”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chienne",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "chiens",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chiennes",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chien (feminine chienne, masculine plural chiens, feminine plural chiennes)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Louisiana French",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "62 2 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 5 16",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Male animals",
"orig": "fr:Male animals",
"parents": [
"Animals",
"Male",
"Lifeforms",
"Gender",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"Fundamental",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 4 48",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Gun mechanisms",
"orig": "fr:Gun mechanisms",
"parents": [
"Firearms",
"Mechanisms",
"Weapons",
"Machines",
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Technology",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "à ne pas mettre un chien dehors"
},
{
"word": "chasse-chien"
},
{
"word": "chien à perdrix"
},
{
"word": "chien chaud"
},
{
"word": "chien de chasse"
},
{
"word": "chien de garde"
},
{
"word": "chien de Jean de Nivelle"
},
{
"word": "chien de la casse"
},
{
"word": "chien de poche"
},
{
"word": "chien de prairie"
},
{
"word": "chien de terre"
},
{
"word": "chien d’aveugle"
},
{
"word": "chien d’eau"
},
{
"word": "chien hargneux a toujours l’oreille déchirée"
},
{
"word": "chien policier"
},
{
"word": "chien qui aboie ne mord pas"
},
{
"word": "chien tayau"
},
{
"word": "chien-assis"
},
{
"word": "chien-loup"
},
{
"word": "chien-rat"
},
{
"word": "chiennaille"
},
{
"word": "chienne"
},
{
"word": "chienner"
},
{
"word": "chiennerie"
},
{
"word": "chiens écrasés"
},
{
"word": "chou de chien"
},
{
"word": "comme chien et chat"
},
{
"word": "comme un chien dans un jeu de quilles"
},
{
"word": "crève-chien"
},
{
"word": "dent-de-chien"
},
{
"word": "en chien"
},
{
"word": "en chien de fusil"
},
{
"word": "entre chien et loup"
},
{
"word": "gros chien"
},
{
"word": "iench"
},
{
"word": "langue-de-chien"
},
{
"word": "les chats ne font pas des chiens"
},
{
"word": "les chiens aboient, la caravane passe"
},
{
"word": "les chiens ne font pas des chats"
},
{
"word": "maître-chien"
},
{
"word": "mal de chien"
},
{
"word": "malade comme un chien"
},
{
"word": "nom d’un chien"
},
{
"word": "peau-de-chienner"
},
{
"word": "pique-chien"
},
{
"word": "rompre les chiens"
},
{
"word": "se regarder en chiens de faïence"
},
{
"word": "six-chiens"
},
{
"word": "temps de chien"
},
{
"word": "tonnerre mes chiens"
},
{
"word": "tue-chien"
},
{
"word": "vie de chien"
},
{
"word": "yeux de chien battu"
}
],
"glosses": [
"greedy, stingy"
],
"id": "en-chien-fr-adj-IGSd3ID6",
"links": [
[
"greedy",
"greedy"
],
[
"stingy",
"stingy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Louisiana) greedy, stingy"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "canidé"
},
{
"word": "canicule"
},
{
"word": "canin"
},
{
"word": "canine"
},
{
"word": "chenêt"
},
{
"word": "chenil"
},
{
"word": "chenille"
},
{
"word": "chiot"
},
{
"word": "cynophile"
},
{
"word": "cynophilie"
}
],
"tags": [
"Louisiana"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃjɛ̃/",
"tags": [
"Belgium",
"France"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃjẽ/",
"tags": [
"Quebec"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-jɛ̃"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-chien.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7c/Fr-chien.ogg/Fr-chien.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Fr-chien.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "chien"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "chien",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ちえん"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rōmaji transcription of ちえん"
],
"id": "en-chien-ja-romanization-n~YQ0OU2",
"links": [
[
"Rōmaji",
"romaji"
],
[
"ちえん",
"ちえん#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"Rōmaji",
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "chien"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "chien"
},
"expansion": "French: chien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: chien"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chien"
},
"expansion": "Old French chien",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "la",
"3": "canis",
"4": "canis, canem"
},
"expansion": "Latin canis, canem",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French chien, from Latin canis, canem.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chiens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"10": "{{{f}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{f}}}s",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "chiens",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{pl2}}}",
"9": "",
"f1accel-form": "p",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "chien m (plural chiens)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "chien m (plural chiens)",
"name": "frm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle French entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "frm",
"name": "Animals",
"orig": "frm:Animals",
"parents": [
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dog (animal)"
],
"id": "en-chien-frm-noun-Pbzq4NJM",
"links": [
[
"dog",
"dog"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "chien"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "chien"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: chien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: chien"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "chien"
},
"expansion": "French: chien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: chien"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-ang",
"2": "chin"
},
"expansion": "Angevin: chin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Angevin: chin"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-brg",
"2": "chein"
},
"expansion": "Bourguignon: chein",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bourguignon: chein"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "quien"
},
"expansion": "Norman: quien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norman: quien"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pcd",
"2": "tchien",
"3": "kien",
"4": "quien"
},
"expansion": "Picard: tchien, kien, quien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Picard: tchien, kien, quien"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "tchén"
},
"expansion": "Walloon: tchén",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Walloon: tchén"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "canis",
"4": "canis, canem"
},
"expansion": "Latin canis, canem",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin canis, canem.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chien oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "chiens",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chiens",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chien",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "chien oblique singular, m (oblique plural chiens, nominative singular chiens, nominative plural chien)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "fro",
"name": "Animals",
"orig": "fro:Animals",
"parents": [
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dog (animal)"
],
"id": "en-chien-fro-noun-Pbzq4NJM",
"links": [
[
"dog",
"dog"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtʃjɛn/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-en"
}
],
"word": "chien"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "css",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "chien",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Ohlone",
"lang_code": "css",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern Ohlone entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern Ohlone prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"before"
],
"id": "en-chien-css-noun-bbfYA-dP",
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
]
]
}
],
"word": "chien"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French adjectives",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:French/jɛ̃",
"Rhymes:French/jɛ̃/1 syllable",
"fr:Dogs",
"fr:Gun mechanisms",
"fr:Male animals"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "chien",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French chien",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "chien"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French chien",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chien"
},
"expansion": "Old French chien",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "canis",
"4": "canis, canem",
"t": "dog"
},
"expansion": "Latin canis, canem (“dog”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French chien, from Old French chien, from Latin canis, canem (“dog”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chiens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chienne",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"f": "+"
},
"expansion": "chien m (plural chiens, feminine chienne)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"dog"
],
"links": [
[
"dog",
"dog"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "clebs"
},
{
"word": "cabot"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"cock, hammer (of a firearm)"
],
"links": [
[
"cock",
"cock"
],
[
"hammer",
"hammer"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃjɛ̃/",
"tags": [
"Belgium",
"France"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃjẽ/",
"tags": [
"Quebec"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-jɛ̃"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-chien.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7c/Fr-chien.ogg/Fr-chien.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Fr-chien.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "chien"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French adjectives",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:French/jɛ̃",
"Rhymes:French/jɛ̃/1 syllable",
"fr:Dogs",
"fr:Gun mechanisms",
"fr:Male animals"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "à ne pas mettre un chien dehors"
},
{
"word": "chasse-chien"
},
{
"word": "chien à perdrix"
},
{
"word": "chien chaud"
},
{
"word": "chien de chasse"
},
{
"word": "chien de garde"
},
{
"word": "chien de Jean de Nivelle"
},
{
"word": "chien de la casse"
},
{
"word": "chien de poche"
},
{
"word": "chien de prairie"
},
{
"word": "chien de terre"
},
{
"word": "chien d’aveugle"
},
{
"word": "chien d’eau"
},
{
"word": "chien hargneux a toujours l’oreille déchirée"
},
{
"word": "chien policier"
},
{
"word": "chien qui aboie ne mord pas"
},
{
"word": "chien tayau"
},
{
"word": "chien-assis"
},
{
"word": "chien-loup"
},
{
"word": "chien-rat"
},
{
"word": "chiennaille"
},
{
"word": "chienne"
},
{
"word": "chienner"
},
{
"word": "chiennerie"
},
{
"word": "chiens écrasés"
},
{
"word": "chou de chien"
},
{
"word": "comme chien et chat"
},
{
"word": "comme un chien dans un jeu de quilles"
},
{
"word": "crève-chien"
},
{
"word": "dent-de-chien"
},
{
"word": "en chien"
},
{
"word": "en chien de fusil"
},
{
"word": "entre chien et loup"
},
{
"word": "gros chien"
},
{
"word": "iench"
},
{
"word": "langue-de-chien"
},
{
"word": "les chats ne font pas des chiens"
},
{
"word": "les chiens aboient, la caravane passe"
},
{
"word": "les chiens ne font pas des chats"
},
{
"word": "maître-chien"
},
{
"word": "mal de chien"
},
{
"word": "malade comme un chien"
},
{
"word": "nom d’un chien"
},
{
"word": "peau-de-chienner"
},
{
"word": "pique-chien"
},
{
"word": "rompre les chiens"
},
{
"word": "se regarder en chiens de faïence"
},
{
"word": "six-chiens"
},
{
"word": "temps de chien"
},
{
"word": "tonnerre mes chiens"
},
{
"word": "tue-chien"
},
{
"word": "vie de chien"
},
{
"word": "yeux de chien battu"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ht",
"2": "chyen"
},
"expansion": "Haitian Creole: chyen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Haitian Creole: chyen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "chien",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French chien",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "chien"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French chien",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chien"
},
"expansion": "Old French chien",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "canis",
"4": "canis, canem",
"t": "dog"
},
"expansion": "Latin canis, canem (“dog”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French chien, from Old French chien, from Latin canis, canem (“dog”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chienne",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "chiens",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chiennes",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chien (feminine chienne, masculine plural chiens, feminine plural chiennes)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "canidé"
},
{
"word": "canicule"
},
{
"word": "canin"
},
{
"word": "canine"
},
{
"word": "chenêt"
},
{
"word": "chenil"
},
{
"word": "chenille"
},
{
"word": "chiot"
},
{
"word": "cynophile"
},
{
"word": "cynophilie"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Louisiana French"
],
"glosses": [
"greedy, stingy"
],
"links": [
[
"greedy",
"greedy"
],
[
"stingy",
"stingy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Louisiana) greedy, stingy"
],
"tags": [
"Louisiana"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃjɛ̃/",
"tags": [
"Belgium",
"France"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃjẽ/",
"tags": [
"Quebec"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-jɛ̃"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-chien.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7c/Fr-chien.ogg/Fr-chien.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Fr-chien.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "chien"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "chien",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ちえん"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese non-lemma forms",
"Japanese romanizations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"Rōmaji transcription of ちえん"
],
"links": [
[
"Rōmaji",
"romaji"
],
[
"ちえん",
"ちえん#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"Rōmaji",
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "chien"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "chien"
},
"expansion": "French: chien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: chien"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chien"
},
"expansion": "Old French chien",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "la",
"3": "canis",
"4": "canis, canem"
},
"expansion": "Latin canis, canem",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French chien, from Latin canis, canem.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chiens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"10": "{{{f}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{f}}}s",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "chiens",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{pl2}}}",
"9": "",
"f1accel-form": "p",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "chien m (plural chiens)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "chien m (plural chiens)",
"name": "frm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle French countable nouns",
"Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle French entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle French lemmas",
"Middle French masculine nouns",
"Middle French nouns",
"Middle French terms derived from Latin",
"Middle French terms derived from Old French",
"Middle French terms inherited from Latin",
"Middle French terms inherited from Old French",
"frm:Animals"
],
"glosses": [
"dog (animal)"
],
"links": [
[
"dog",
"dog"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "chien"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "chien"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: chien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: chien"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "chien"
},
"expansion": "French: chien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: chien"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-ang",
"2": "chin"
},
"expansion": "Angevin: chin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Angevin: chin"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-brg",
"2": "chein"
},
"expansion": "Bourguignon: chein",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bourguignon: chein"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "quien"
},
"expansion": "Norman: quien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norman: quien"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pcd",
"2": "tchien",
"3": "kien",
"4": "quien"
},
"expansion": "Picard: tchien, kien, quien",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Picard: tchien, kien, quien"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "tchén"
},
"expansion": "Walloon: tchén",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Walloon: tchén"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "canis",
"4": "canis, canem"
},
"expansion": "Latin canis, canem",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin canis, canem.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chien oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "chiens",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chiens",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chien",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "chien oblique singular, m (oblique plural chiens, nominative singular chiens, nominative plural chien)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French masculine nouns",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Old French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Old French/en",
"Rhymes:Old French/en/1 syllable",
"fro:Animals"
],
"glosses": [
"dog (animal)"
],
"links": [
[
"dog",
"dog"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtʃjɛn/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-en"
}
],
"word": "chien"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "css",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "chien",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Ohlone",
"lang_code": "css",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Southern Ohlone entries with incorrect language header",
"Southern Ohlone lemmas",
"Southern Ohlone prepositions"
],
"glosses": [
"before"
],
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
]
]
}
],
"word": "chien"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'chien oblique singular or', originally 'chien oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"chien"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chien",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'chien oblique singular or', originally 'chien oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"chien"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chien",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['masculine', 'canonical']: 'chien oblique singular or' in 'chien oblique singular, m (oblique plural chiens, nominative singular chiens, nominative plural chien)'",
"path": [
"chien"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chien",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (ae36afe and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.