See brūns on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for brūns meaning in All languages combined (7.5kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "gml",
"3": "brūn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German brūn",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "dum",
"3": "bruun"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bruun",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ruds"
},
"expansion": "ruds",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bērs"
},
"expansion": "bērs",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle Low German brūn and (perhaps) Middle Dutch bruun. This term was probably introduced in the 15th century, together with brown-colored clothes, very appreciated at the time. It is, however, not mentioned in dictionaries until the end of the 17th and the beginning of the 18th century (some sources claim that brown-colored clothes were not frequent in Latvia until the 18th century). Previously, the notion of brown color was expressed only with ruds (for hair, eyes) and bērs (for horses).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brūnais",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnāks",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "visbrūnākais",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "brūni",
"tags": [
"adverb"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "brūns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūniem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūniem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"10": "visbrūnākais",
"11": "adverb",
"12": "brūni",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "definite",
"6": "brūnais",
"7": "comparative",
"8": "brūnāks",
"9": "superlative",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": ""
},
"expansion": "brūns (definite brūnais, comparative brūnāks, superlative visbrūnākais, adverb brūni)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "brūn"
},
"expansion": "brūns (definite brūnais, comparative brūnāks, superlative visbrūnākais, adverb brūni)",
"name": "lv-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "brūn",
"extrawidth": "-100"
},
"name": "lv-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with level intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Browns",
"orig": "lv:Browns",
"parents": [
"Colors",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "brūnums"
},
{
"word": "iebrūns"
},
{
"word": "brūngans"
},
{
"word": "brūnīgs"
},
{
"word": "sarkanbrūns"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "dark, light brown",
"text": "tumši, gaiši brūns",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "brown table",
"text": "brūns galds",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "brown hair",
"text": "brūni mati",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "brown eyes",
"text": "brūnas acis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "brown color",
"text": "brūna krāsa",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "brown bear",
"text": "brūnais lācis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "sun-tanned, brown face",
"text": "saulē iedegusi, brūna seja",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"brown (having the color of, e.g., chocolate, or of the ground coffee)"
],
"id": "en-brūns-lv-adj-3M0cKMRq",
"links": [
[
"brown",
"brown"
],
[
"color",
"color#English"
],
[
"chocolate",
"chocolate#English"
],
[
"ground",
"ground#English"
],
[
"coffee",
"coffee#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "brūnis"
},
{
"word": "balts"
},
{
"word": "pelēks"
},
{
"word": "melns"
},
{
"word": "sarkans"
},
{
"word": "sārts"
},
{
"word": "oranžs"
},
{
"word": "dzeltens"
},
{
"word": "zaļš"
},
{
"word": "zilzaļš"
},
{
"word": "ciāns"
},
{
"word": "zils"
},
{
"word": "violets"
},
{
"word": "zilganviolets"
},
{
"word": "indigo"
},
{
"word": "fuksīns"
},
{
"word": "rozā"
},
{
"word": "bēris"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bērs"
},
{
"word": "ruds"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:brūnā krāsa"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[bɾūns]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-brūns.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5a/Lv-riga-br%C5%ABns.ogg/Lv-riga-br%C5%ABns.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/Lv-riga-br%C5%ABns.ogg"
}
],
"word": "brūns"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "brūnums"
},
{
"word": "iebrūns"
},
{
"word": "brūngans"
},
{
"word": "brūnīgs"
},
{
"word": "sarkanbrūns"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "gml",
"3": "brūn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German brūn",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "dum",
"3": "bruun"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bruun",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ruds"
},
"expansion": "ruds",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bērs"
},
"expansion": "bērs",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle Low German brūn and (perhaps) Middle Dutch bruun. This term was probably introduced in the 15th century, together with brown-colored clothes, very appreciated at the time. It is, however, not mentioned in dictionaries until the end of the 17th and the beginning of the 18th century (some sources claim that brown-colored clothes were not frequent in Latvia until the 18th century). Previously, the notion of brown color was expressed only with ruds (for hair, eyes) and bērs (for horses).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brūnais",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnāks",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "visbrūnākais",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "brūni",
"tags": [
"adverb"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "brūns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūniem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūniem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūnās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"10": "visbrūnākais",
"11": "adverb",
"12": "brūni",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "definite",
"6": "brūnais",
"7": "comparative",
"8": "brūnāks",
"9": "superlative",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": ""
},
"expansion": "brūns (definite brūnais, comparative brūnāks, superlative visbrūnākais, adverb brūni)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "brūn"
},
"expansion": "brūns (definite brūnais, comparative brūnāks, superlative visbrūnākais, adverb brūni)",
"name": "lv-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "brūn",
"extrawidth": "-100"
},
"name": "lv-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "brūnis"
},
{
"word": "balts"
},
{
"word": "pelēks"
},
{
"word": "melns"
},
{
"word": "sarkans"
},
{
"word": "sārts"
},
{
"word": "oranžs"
},
{
"word": "dzeltens"
},
{
"word": "zaļš"
},
{
"word": "zilzaļš"
},
{
"word": "ciāns"
},
{
"word": "zils"
},
{
"word": "violets"
},
{
"word": "zilganviolets"
},
{
"word": "indigo"
},
{
"word": "fuksīns"
},
{
"word": "rozā"
},
{
"word": "bēris"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian adjectives",
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian terms borrowed from Middle Low German",
"Latvian terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Latvian terms derived from Middle Low German",
"Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latvian terms with audio links",
"Latvian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Latvian terms with usage examples",
"Latvian words with level intonation",
"Pages with raw sortkeys",
"lv:Browns"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "dark, light brown",
"text": "tumši, gaiši brūns",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "brown table",
"text": "brūns galds",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "brown hair",
"text": "brūni mati",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "brown eyes",
"text": "brūnas acis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "brown color",
"text": "brūna krāsa",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "brown bear",
"text": "brūnais lācis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "sun-tanned, brown face",
"text": "saulē iedegusi, brūna seja",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"brown (having the color of, e.g., chocolate, or of the ground coffee)"
],
"links": [
[
"brown",
"brown"
],
[
"color",
"color#English"
],
[
"chocolate",
"chocolate#English"
],
[
"ground",
"ground#English"
],
[
"coffee",
"coffee#English"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:brūnā krāsa"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[bɾūns]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-brūns.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5a/Lv-riga-br%C5%ABns.ogg/Lv-riga-br%C5%ABns.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/Lv-riga-br%C5%ABns.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bērs"
},
{
"word": "ruds"
}
],
"word": "brūns"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.