See pelēks on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "iepelēks"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pelēcīgs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pelēkgans"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pelēkais strazds"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pelēkums"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pel-",
"4": "",
"5": "gray, pale"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“gray, pale”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "pelė́kas",
"3": "pilkas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian pilkas",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Traditionally derived from pele (“mouse”) (q.v.), from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“gray, pale”), with a suffix -ek, to refer to an inherent quality of mice. But maybe it was derived directly from *pel-, via a previous adjective *pels (whence the verb pelēt (“to grow moldy, mildewy”) and the dialectal form pelgans (“grayish”), yielding *pel(e)ks (compare 19th-century family name Peleks); the final vowel would then be lengthened by association with pele (“mouse”). Cognates include Lithuanian pilkas.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pelēkais",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkāks",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "vispelēkākais",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēki",
"tags": [
"adverb"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"10": "vispelēkākais",
"11": "adverb",
"12": "pelēki",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "definite",
"6": "pelēkais",
"7": "comparative",
"8": "pelēkāks",
"9": "superlative",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": ""
},
"expansion": "pelēks (definite pelēkais, comparative pelēkāks, superlative vispelēkākais, adverb pelēki)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pelēk"
},
"expansion": "pelēks (definite pelēkais, comparative pelēkāks, superlative vispelēkākais, adverb pelēki)",
"name": "lv-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pelēk",
"extrawidth": "-100"
},
"name": "lv-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "balts"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "melns"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sarkans"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sārts"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "oranžs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "brūns"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "dzeltens"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "zaļš"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "zilzaļš"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ciāns"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "zils"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "violets"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "zilganviolets"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "indigo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fuksīns"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rozā"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 35 14 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "gray color",
"text": "pelēka krāsa",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "light, dark gray",
"text": "gaiši, tumši pelēks",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "lead gray",
"text": "zvina pelēks",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "gray sky",
"text": "pelēkas debesis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "gray cloud(s), mist",
"text": "pelēki mākoņi, migla",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gray (having the color of, e.g., ash; white with low brightness)"
],
"id": "en-pelēks-lv-adj-gN6cAerV",
"links": [
[
"gray",
"gray"
],
[
"color",
"color#English"
],
[
"ash",
"ash#English"
],
[
"white",
"white#English"
],
[
"brightness",
"brightness#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 19 35 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 35 14 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "gray thrush, fieldfare",
"text": "pelēkais strazds",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "gray tin",
"text": "pelēkā alva",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "gray cast iron",
"text": "pelēkais čuguns",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gray (having a tone or hue similar to gray when compared to other related elements)"
],
"id": "en-pelēks-lv-adj-~F8FxLLA",
"links": [
[
"gray",
"gray"
],
[
"tone",
"tone#English"
],
[
"hue",
"hue#English"
],
[
"gray",
"gray#English"
],
[
"relate",
"relate#English"
],
[
"element",
"element#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 19 35 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 35 14 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "gray day, gray morning",
"text": "pelēka diena, pelēks rīts",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gray, cloudy"
],
"id": "en-pelēks-lv-adj-aw0RCOhx",
"links": [
[
"gray",
"gray"
],
[
"cloudy",
"cloudy"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 26 12 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 19 35 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 23 17 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 35 14 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 32 5 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 25 1 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 21 10 38",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Greys",
"orig": "lv:Greys",
"parents": [
"Colors",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "gray (= uninteresting) everyday (life)",
"text": "pelēka ikdiena",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "gray (= undifferentiated) mass (of people)",
"text": "pelēka masa",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The patient's face turned gray.",
"text": "Seja slimniekam kļuvusi pelēka",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"colorless, commonplace, uninteresting, unhealthy"
],
"id": "en-pelēks-lv-adj-h7C6KNOx",
"links": [
[
"colorless",
"colorless"
],
[
"commonplace",
"commonplace"
],
[
"uninteresting",
"uninteresting"
],
[
"unhealthy",
"unhealthy"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pælæ̂ːks]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:pelēkā krāsa"
],
"word": "pelēks"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latvian adjectives",
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latvian undefined derivations",
"Latvian words with broken intonation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"lv:Greys"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "iepelēks"
},
{
"word": "pelēcīgs"
},
{
"word": "pelēkgans"
},
{
"word": "pelēkais strazds"
},
{
"word": "pelēkums"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pel-",
"4": "",
"5": "gray, pale"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“gray, pale”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "pelė́kas",
"3": "pilkas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian pilkas",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Traditionally derived from pele (“mouse”) (q.v.), from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“gray, pale”), with a suffix -ek, to refer to an inherent quality of mice. But maybe it was derived directly from *pel-, via a previous adjective *pels (whence the verb pelēt (“to grow moldy, mildewy”) and the dialectal form pelgans (“grayish”), yielding *pel(e)ks (compare 19th-century family name Peleks); the final vowel would then be lengthened by association with pele (“mouse”). Cognates include Lithuanian pilkas.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pelēkais",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkāks",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "vispelēkākais",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēki",
"tags": [
"adverb"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pelēkās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"10": "vispelēkākais",
"11": "adverb",
"12": "pelēki",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "definite",
"6": "pelēkais",
"7": "comparative",
"8": "pelēkāks",
"9": "superlative",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": ""
},
"expansion": "pelēks (definite pelēkais, comparative pelēkāks, superlative vispelēkākais, adverb pelēki)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pelēk"
},
"expansion": "pelēks (definite pelēkais, comparative pelēkāks, superlative vispelēkākais, adverb pelēki)",
"name": "lv-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pelēk",
"extrawidth": "-100"
},
"name": "lv-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "balts"
},
{
"word": "melns"
},
{
"word": "sarkans"
},
{
"word": "sārts"
},
{
"word": "oranžs"
},
{
"word": "brūns"
},
{
"word": "dzeltens"
},
{
"word": "zaļš"
},
{
"word": "zilzaļš"
},
{
"word": "ciāns"
},
{
"word": "zils"
},
{
"word": "violets"
},
{
"word": "zilganviolets"
},
{
"word": "indigo"
},
{
"word": "fuksīns"
},
{
"word": "rozā"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "gray color",
"text": "pelēka krāsa",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "light, dark gray",
"text": "gaiši, tumši pelēks",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "lead gray",
"text": "zvina pelēks",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "gray sky",
"text": "pelēkas debesis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "gray cloud(s), mist",
"text": "pelēki mākoņi, migla",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gray (having the color of, e.g., ash; white with low brightness)"
],
"links": [
[
"gray",
"gray"
],
[
"color",
"color#English"
],
[
"ash",
"ash#English"
],
[
"white",
"white#English"
],
[
"brightness",
"brightness#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "gray thrush, fieldfare",
"text": "pelēkais strazds",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "gray tin",
"text": "pelēkā alva",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "gray cast iron",
"text": "pelēkais čuguns",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gray (having a tone or hue similar to gray when compared to other related elements)"
],
"links": [
[
"gray",
"gray"
],
[
"tone",
"tone#English"
],
[
"hue",
"hue#English"
],
[
"gray",
"gray#English"
],
[
"relate",
"relate#English"
],
[
"element",
"element#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "gray day, gray morning",
"text": "pelēka diena, pelēks rīts",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gray, cloudy"
],
"links": [
[
"gray",
"gray"
],
[
"cloudy",
"cloudy"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "gray (= uninteresting) everyday (life)",
"text": "pelēka ikdiena",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "gray (= undifferentiated) mass (of people)",
"text": "pelēka masa",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The patient's face turned gray.",
"text": "Seja slimniekam kļuvusi pelēka",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"colorless, commonplace, uninteresting, unhealthy"
],
"links": [
[
"colorless",
"colorless"
],
[
"commonplace",
"commonplace"
],
[
"uninteresting",
"uninteresting"
],
[
"unhealthy",
"unhealthy"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pælæ̂ːks]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:pelēkā krāsa"
],
"word": "pelēks"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pelēks meaning in All languages combined (7.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.