"pelēks" meaning in All languages combined

See pelēks on Wiktionary

Adjective [Latvian]

IPA: [pælæ̂ːks]
Etymology: Traditionally derived from pele (“mouse”) (q.v.), from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“gray, pale”), with a suffix -ek, to refer to an inherent quality of mice. But maybe it was derived directly from *pel-, via a previous adjective *pels (whence the verb pelēt (“to grow moldy, mildewy”) and the dialectal form pelgans (“grayish”), yielding *pel(e)ks (compare 19th-century family name Peleks); the final vowel would then be lengthened by association with pele (“mouse”). Cognates include Lithuanian pilkas. Etymology templates: {{uder|lv|ine-pro|*pel-||gray, pale}} Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“gray, pale”), {{cog|lt|pelė́kas|pilkas}} Lithuanian pilkas Head templates: {{head|lv|adjective|||definite|pelēkais|comparative|pelēkāks|superlative|vispelēkākais|adverb|pelēki|cat2=|cat3=}} pelēks (definite pelēkais, comparative pelēkāks, superlative vispelēkākais, adverb pelēki), {{lv-adj|pelēk}} pelēks (definite pelēkais, comparative pelēkāks, superlative vispelēkākais, adverb pelēki) Forms: pelēkais [definite], pelēkāks [comparative], vispelēkākais [superlative], pelēki [adverb], no-table-tags [table-tags], pelēks [masculine, nominative, singular], pelēki [masculine, nominative, plural], pelēka [feminine, nominative, singular], pelēkas [feminine, nominative, plural], pelēka [genitive, masculine, singular], pelēku [genitive, masculine, plural], pelēkas [feminine, genitive, singular], pelēku [feminine, genitive, plural], pelēkam [dative, masculine, singular], pelēkiem [dative, masculine, plural], pelēkai [dative, feminine, singular], pelēkām [dative, feminine, plural], pelēku [accusative, masculine, singular], pelēkus [accusative, masculine, plural], pelēku [accusative, feminine, singular], pelēkas [accusative, feminine, plural], pelēku [instrumental, masculine, singular], pelēkiem [instrumental, masculine, plural], pelēku [feminine, instrumental, singular], pelēkām [feminine, instrumental, plural], pelēkā [locative, masculine, singular], pelēkos [locative, masculine, plural], pelēkā [feminine, locative, singular], pelēkās [feminine, locative, plural], - [masculine, singular, vocative], - [masculine, plural, vocative], - [feminine, singular, vocative], - [feminine, plural, vocative], no-table-tags [table-tags], pelēkais [masculine, nominative, singular], pelēkie [masculine, nominative, plural], pelēkā [feminine, nominative, singular], pelēkās [feminine, nominative, plural], pelēkā [genitive, masculine, singular], pelēko [genitive, masculine, plural], pelēkās [feminine, genitive, singular], pelēko [feminine, genitive, plural], pelēkajam [dative, masculine, singular], pelēkajiem [dative, masculine, plural], pelēkajai [dative, feminine, singular], pelēkajām [dative, feminine, plural], pelēko [accusative, masculine, singular], pelēkos [accusative, masculine, plural], pelēko [accusative, feminine, singular], pelēkās [accusative, feminine, plural], pelēko [instrumental, masculine, singular], pelēkajiem [instrumental, masculine, plural], pelēko [feminine, instrumental, singular], pelēkajām [feminine, instrumental, plural], pelēkajā [locative, masculine, singular], pelēkajos [locative, masculine, plural], pelēkajā [feminine, locative, singular], pelēkajās [feminine, locative, plural], pelēko [masculine, singular, vocative], pelēkais [masculine, singular, vocative], pelēkie [masculine, plural, vocative], pelēko [feminine, singular, vocative], pelēkā [feminine, singular, vocative], pelēkās [feminine, plural, vocative]
  1. gray (having the color of, e.g., ash; white with low brightness)
    Sense id: en-pelēks-lv-adj-gN6cAerV Categories (other): Latvian words with broken intonation Disambiguation of Latvian words with broken intonation: 19 35 14 31
  2. gray (having a tone or hue similar to gray when compared to other related elements)
    Sense id: en-pelēks-lv-adj-~F8FxLLA Categories (other): Latvian undefined derivations, Latvian words with broken intonation Disambiguation of Latvian undefined derivations: 7 21 35 37 Disambiguation of Latvian words with broken intonation: 19 35 14 31
  3. gray, cloudy
    Sense id: en-pelēks-lv-adj-aw0RCOhx Categories (other): Latvian etymologies from LEV, Latvian undefined derivations, Latvian words with broken intonation Disambiguation of Latvian etymologies from LEV: 6 20 41 33 Disambiguation of Latvian undefined derivations: 7 21 35 37 Disambiguation of Latvian words with broken intonation: 19 35 14 31
  4. colorless, commonplace, uninteresting, unhealthy
    Sense id: en-pelēks-lv-adj-h7C6KNOx Categories (other): Latvian entries with incorrect language header, Latvian undefined derivations, Latvian words with broken intonation, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Greys Disambiguation of Latvian entries with incorrect language header: 6 24 22 48 Disambiguation of Latvian undefined derivations: 7 21 35 37 Disambiguation of Latvian words with broken intonation: 19 35 14 31 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 4 33 9 55 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 4 25 1 70 Disambiguation of Greys: 10 21 0 69
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: iepelēks, pelēcīgs, pelēkgans, pelēkais strazds, pelēkums
Related terms: balts, melns, sarkans, sārts, oranžs, brūns, dzeltens, zaļš, zilzaļš, ciāns, zils, violets, zilganviolets, indigo, fuksīns, rozā

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "iepelēks"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "pelēcīgs"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "pelēkgans"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "pelēkais strazds"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "pelēkums"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pel-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "gray, pale"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“gray, pale”)",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "pelė́kas",
        "3": "pilkas"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian pilkas",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Traditionally derived from pele (“mouse”) (q.v.), from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“gray, pale”), with a suffix -ek, to refer to an inherent quality of mice. But maybe it was derived directly from *pel-, via a previous adjective *pels (whence the verb pelēt (“to grow moldy, mildewy”) and the dialectal form pelgans (“grayish”), yielding *pel(e)ks (compare 19th-century family name Peleks); the final vowel would then be lengthened by association with pele (“mouse”). Cognates include Lithuanian pilkas.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pelēkais",
      "tags": [
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkāks",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vispelēkākais",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēki",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "small",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkais",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkajam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkajiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkajai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkajām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkajiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkajām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkajā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkajos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkajā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkajās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkais",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "10": "vispelēkākais",
        "11": "adverb",
        "12": "pelēki",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "definite",
        "6": "pelēkais",
        "7": "comparative",
        "8": "pelēkāks",
        "9": "superlative",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "pelēks (definite pelēkais, comparative pelēkāks, superlative vispelēkākais, adverb pelēki)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pelēk"
      },
      "expansion": "pelēks (definite pelēkais, comparative pelēkāks, superlative vispelēkākais, adverb pelēki)",
      "name": "lv-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "balts"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "melns"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "sarkans"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "sārts"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "oranžs"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "brūns"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "dzeltens"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zaļš"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zilzaļš"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "ciāns"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zils"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "violets"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zilganviolets"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "indigo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "fuksīns"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "rozā"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "19 35 14 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "english": "gray color",
          "text": "pelēka krāsa",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              12,
              16
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              19
            ]
          ],
          "english": "light, dark gray",
          "text": "gaiši, tumši pelēks",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              9
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              6,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "english": "lead gray",
          "text": "zvina pelēks",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "english": "gray sky",
          "text": "pelēkas debesis",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "english": "gray cloud(s), mist",
          "text": "pelēki mākoņi, migla",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gray (having the color of, e.g., ash; white with low brightness)"
      ],
      "id": "en-pelēks-lv-adj-gN6cAerV",
      "links": [
        [
          "gray",
          "gray"
        ],
        [
          "color",
          "color#English"
        ],
        [
          "ash",
          "ash#English"
        ],
        [
          "white",
          "white#English"
        ],
        [
          "brightness",
          "brightness#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 21 35 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian undefined derivations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 35 14 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "english": "gray thrush, fieldfare",
          "text": "pelēkais strazds",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "english": "gray tin",
          "text": "pelēkā alva",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "english": "gray cast iron",
          "text": "pelēkais čuguns",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gray (having a tone or hue similar to gray when compared to other related elements)"
      ],
      "id": "en-pelēks-lv-adj-~F8FxLLA",
      "links": [
        [
          "gray",
          "gray"
        ],
        [
          "tone",
          "tone#English"
        ],
        [
          "hue",
          "hue#English"
        ],
        [
          "gray",
          "gray#English"
        ],
        [
          "relate",
          "relate#English"
        ],
        [
          "element",
          "element#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 20 41 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 21 35 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian undefined derivations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 35 14 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ],
            [
              10,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              6
            ],
            [
              14,
              20
            ]
          ],
          "english": "gray day, gray morning",
          "text": "pelēka diena, pelēks rīts",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gray, cloudy"
      ],
      "id": "en-pelēks-lv-adj-aw0RCOhx",
      "links": [
        [
          "gray",
          "gray"
        ],
        [
          "cloudy",
          "cloudy"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 24 22 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 21 35 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian undefined derivations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 35 14 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 33 9 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 25 1 70",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 21 0 69",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "lv",
          "name": "Greys",
          "orig": "lv:Greys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "english": "gray (= uninteresting) everyday (life)",
          "text": "pelēka ikdiena",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "english": "gray (= undifferentiated) mass (of people)",
          "text": "pelēka masa",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              26,
              30
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              24,
              30
            ]
          ],
          "english": "The patient's face turned gray.",
          "text": "Seja slimniekam kļuvusi pelēka",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "colorless, commonplace, uninteresting, unhealthy"
      ],
      "id": "en-pelēks-lv-adj-h7C6KNOx",
      "links": [
        [
          "colorless",
          "colorless"
        ],
        [
          "commonplace",
          "commonplace"
        ],
        [
          "uninteresting",
          "uninteresting"
        ],
        [
          "unhealthy",
          "unhealthy"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[pælæ̂ːks]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "lv:pelēkā krāsa"
  ],
  "word": "pelēks"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latvian adjectives",
    "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
    "Latvian lemmas",
    "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latvian undefined derivations",
    "Latvian words with broken intonation",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "lv:Greys"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "iepelēks"
    },
    {
      "word": "pelēcīgs"
    },
    {
      "word": "pelēkgans"
    },
    {
      "word": "pelēkais strazds"
    },
    {
      "word": "pelēkums"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pel-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "gray, pale"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“gray, pale”)",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "pelė́kas",
        "3": "pilkas"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian pilkas",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Traditionally derived from pele (“mouse”) (q.v.), from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“gray, pale”), with a suffix -ek, to refer to an inherent quality of mice. But maybe it was derived directly from *pel-, via a previous adjective *pels (whence the verb pelēt (“to grow moldy, mildewy”) and the dialectal form pelgans (“grayish”), yielding *pel(e)ks (compare 19th-century family name Peleks); the final vowel would then be lengthened by association with pele (“mouse”). Cognates include Lithuanian pilkas.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pelēkais",
      "tags": [
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkāks",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vispelēkākais",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēki",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "small",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkais",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkajam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkajiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkajai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkajām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkajiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkajām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkajā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkajos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkajā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkajās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkais",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pelēkās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "10": "vispelēkākais",
        "11": "adverb",
        "12": "pelēki",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "definite",
        "6": "pelēkais",
        "7": "comparative",
        "8": "pelēkāks",
        "9": "superlative",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "pelēks (definite pelēkais, comparative pelēkāks, superlative vispelēkākais, adverb pelēki)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pelēk"
      },
      "expansion": "pelēks (definite pelēkais, comparative pelēkāks, superlative vispelēkākais, adverb pelēki)",
      "name": "lv-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "balts"
    },
    {
      "word": "melns"
    },
    {
      "word": "sarkans"
    },
    {
      "word": "sārts"
    },
    {
      "word": "oranžs"
    },
    {
      "word": "brūns"
    },
    {
      "word": "dzeltens"
    },
    {
      "word": "zaļš"
    },
    {
      "word": "zilzaļš"
    },
    {
      "word": "ciāns"
    },
    {
      "word": "zils"
    },
    {
      "word": "violets"
    },
    {
      "word": "zilganviolets"
    },
    {
      "word": "indigo"
    },
    {
      "word": "fuksīns"
    },
    {
      "word": "rozā"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "english": "gray color",
          "text": "pelēka krāsa",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              12,
              16
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              19
            ]
          ],
          "english": "light, dark gray",
          "text": "gaiši, tumši pelēks",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              9
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              6,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "english": "lead gray",
          "text": "zvina pelēks",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "english": "gray sky",
          "text": "pelēkas debesis",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "english": "gray cloud(s), mist",
          "text": "pelēki mākoņi, migla",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gray (having the color of, e.g., ash; white with low brightness)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gray",
          "gray"
        ],
        [
          "color",
          "color#English"
        ],
        [
          "ash",
          "ash#English"
        ],
        [
          "white",
          "white#English"
        ],
        [
          "brightness",
          "brightness#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "english": "gray thrush, fieldfare",
          "text": "pelēkais strazds",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "english": "gray tin",
          "text": "pelēkā alva",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "english": "gray cast iron",
          "text": "pelēkais čuguns",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gray (having a tone or hue similar to gray when compared to other related elements)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gray",
          "gray"
        ],
        [
          "tone",
          "tone#English"
        ],
        [
          "hue",
          "hue#English"
        ],
        [
          "gray",
          "gray#English"
        ],
        [
          "relate",
          "relate#English"
        ],
        [
          "element",
          "element#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ],
            [
              10,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              6
            ],
            [
              14,
              20
            ]
          ],
          "english": "gray day, gray morning",
          "text": "pelēka diena, pelēks rīts",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gray, cloudy"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gray",
          "gray"
        ],
        [
          "cloudy",
          "cloudy"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "english": "gray (= uninteresting) everyday (life)",
          "text": "pelēka ikdiena",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "english": "gray (= undifferentiated) mass (of people)",
          "text": "pelēka masa",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              26,
              30
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              24,
              30
            ]
          ],
          "english": "The patient's face turned gray.",
          "text": "Seja slimniekam kļuvusi pelēka",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "colorless, commonplace, uninteresting, unhealthy"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "colorless",
          "colorless"
        ],
        [
          "commonplace",
          "commonplace"
        ],
        [
          "uninteresting",
          "uninteresting"
        ],
        [
          "unhealthy",
          "unhealthy"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[pælæ̂ːks]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "lv:pelēkā krāsa"
  ],
  "word": "pelēks"
}

Download raw JSONL data for pelēks meaning in All languages combined (10.8kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "pelēks"
  ],
  "section": "Latvian",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "pelēks",
  "trace": "started on line 163, detected on line 163"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
  "path": [
    "pelēks"
  ],
  "section": "Latvian",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "pelēks",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (85b9f46 and 1b6da77). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.