See bolster on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for bolster meaning in All languages combined (34.3kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bolsterless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bolster wagon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bogie bolster wagon"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰelǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bolster"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bolster",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "bolstre"
},
"expansion": "bolstre",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bolster",
"t": "pillow"
},
"expansion": "Old English bolster (“pillow”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*bolstr"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *bolstr",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bulstraz",
"t": "pillow, cushion"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bulstraz (“pillow, cushion”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "bowster",
"3": "",
"4": "bolster"
},
"expansion": "Scots bowster (“bolster”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "bulster",
"3": "",
"4": "mattress"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian bulster (“mattress”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bolster",
"3": "",
"4": "husk, shell"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bolster (“husk, shell”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Polster",
"3": "",
"4": "bolster, pillow, pad"
},
"expansion": "German Polster (“bolster, pillow, pad”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "bolster",
"3": "",
"4": "soft mattress, bolster"
},
"expansion": "Swedish bolster (“soft mattress, bolster”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "bólstur",
"3": "",
"4": "pillow"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic bólstur (“pillow”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bolster, bolstre, from Old English bolster (“pillow”), from Proto-West Germanic *bolstr, from Proto-Germanic *bulstraz (“pillow, cushion”). Cognate with Scots bowster (“bolster”), West Frisian bulster (“mattress”), Dutch bolster (“husk, shell”), German Polster (“bolster, pillow, pad”), Swedish bolster (“soft mattress, bolster”), Icelandic bólstur (“pillow”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bolsters",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bolster (plural bolsters)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 15 10 16 2 4 8 10 8 4 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Bedding",
"orig": "en:Bedding",
"parents": [
"Home",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A large cushion or pillow."
],
"id": "en-bolster-en-noun-uAz5uI0b",
"links": [
[
"cushion",
"cushion#Noun"
],
[
"pillow",
"pillow#Noun"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "paśbaliś",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "পাশবালিশ"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "kōlbaliś",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "কোলবালিশ"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "kxd",
"lang": "Brunei Malay",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "bantal paluk"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vǎzglavnica",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "възглавница"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "coixí"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "靠枕"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "墊枕"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "垫枕"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "podhlavník"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "bolster"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "tyyny"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "traversin"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "traveseiro"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "sdn",
"lang": "Gallurese",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "capitzali"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mutaka",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "მუთაქა"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "de",
"english": "Austria m",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Polster"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Nackenrolle"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "maxilára",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μαξιλάρα"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "vánkos"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "hengerpárna"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "nagypárna"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "párna"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "guling"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "bantal guling"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "adhairt"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ceannadhairt"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "babhstar (leapa)"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "capezzale"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "cervīcal"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "pérnica",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пе́рница"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yasdık",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "یاصدق"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "baliş",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "بالش"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "motakâ",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "متکا"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cabeceira"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "travesseiro"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podúška",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "поду́шка"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "válik",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ва́лик"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Campidanese Sardinian",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "cabetzèra"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Campidanese Sardinian",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "cabitzali"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "sdc",
"lang": "Sassarese",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "cabitzari"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "cabecera"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "almohada"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "almohadón"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "bolster"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "rif",
"lang": "Tarifit",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tsummet"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "rif",
"lang": "Tarifit",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tsunta"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "diṇḍu",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "దిండు"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 3 3 12 0 1 0 0 2 2",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tchefsî"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 15 10 16 2 4 8 10 8 4 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Bedding",
"orig": "en:Bedding",
"parents": [
"Home",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A pad, quilt, or anything used to hinder pressure, support part of the body, or make a bandage sit easy upon a wounded part; a compress."
],
"id": "en-bolster-en-noun-ZSFF0X37",
"links": [
[
"pad",
"pad"
],
[
"quilt",
"quilt"
],
[
"compress",
"compress"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Agriculture",
"orig": "en:Agriculture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Vehicles",
"orig": "en:Vehicles",
"parents": [
"Machines",
"Transport",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 15 10 16 2 4 8 10 8 4 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Bedding",
"orig": "en:Bedding",
"parents": [
"Home",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small spacer located on top of the axle of horse-drawn wagons that gives the front wheels enough clearance to turn."
],
"id": "en-bolster-en-noun-e-1srekq",
"links": [
[
"vehicle",
"vehicle"
],
[
"agriculture",
"agriculture"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(vehicles, agriculture) A small spacer located on top of the axle of horse-drawn wagons that gives the front wheels enough clearance to turn."
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle",
"transport",
"vehicles"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 15 10 16 2 4 8 10 8 4 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Bedding",
"orig": "en:Bedding",
"parents": [
"Home",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A short, horizontal structural timber between a post and a beam for enlarging the bearing area of the post and/or reducing the span of the beam."
],
"id": "en-bolster-en-noun--7sQJ9Vf",
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cross-head"
},
{
"word": "pillow"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 2 5 74 6 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "short, horizontal, structural timber between a post and a beam",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zapata"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A beam in the middle of a railway truck, supporting the body of the car."
],
"id": "en-bolster-en-noun-irYuxWdW",
"links": [
[
"beam",
"beam"
],
[
"railway",
"railway"
],
[
"truck",
"truck"
],
[
"body",
"body"
],
[
"car",
"car"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The perforated plate in a punching machine on which anything rests when being punched."
],
"id": "en-bolster-en-noun-uSL-UHhV",
"links": [
[
"plate",
"plate"
],
[
"punch",
"punch"
],
[
"machine",
"machine"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 1 3 1 1 84 1 2 1 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "perforated plate in a punching machine on which anything rests when being punched",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "matriz"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The part of a knife blade that abuts upon the end of the handle."
],
"id": "en-bolster-en-noun--XsXjL9d",
"links": [
[
"knife",
"knife"
],
[
"blade",
"blade"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 3 18 5 1 8 17 25 13 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 16 7 1 7 14 28 12 6 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 19 8 1 6 12 24 11 7 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 15 10 16 2 4 8 10 8 4 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Bedding",
"orig": "en:Bedding",
"parents": [
"Home",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The metallic end of a pocketknife handle."
],
"id": "en-bolster-en-noun-CWdsacWy",
"links": [
[
"pocketknife",
"pocketknife"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Architectural elements",
"orig": "en:Architectural elements",
"parents": [
"Architecture",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1826, Francesco Milizia, The Lives of Celebrated Architects Ancient and Modern",
"text": "Its [the Ionic's column's] ancient capital is generally formed of two parallel bolsters",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The rolls forming the ends or sides of the Ionic capital."
],
"id": "en-bolster-en-noun-v31p7O9W",
"links": [
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"Ionic",
"Ionic"
],
[
"capital",
"capital"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(architecture) The rolls forming the ends or sides of the Ionic capital."
],
"topics": [
"architecture"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 2 3 2 0 1 4 4 80 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "(architecture) the rolls forming the ends or sides of the Ionic capital",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "volutas"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "en:Military",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A block of wood on the carriage of a siege gun, upon which the breech of the gun rests when arranged for transportation."
],
"id": "en-bolster-en-noun-e67NeBZt",
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(military, historical) A block of wood on the carriage of a siege gun, upon which the breech of the gun rests when arranged for transportation."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbəʊlstə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈboʊlstɚ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bolster.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bolster.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bolster.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bolster.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bolster.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Dutch wife"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boulster"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bowster"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bouster"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
],
"word": "boster"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bolster"
],
"word": "bolster"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰelǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bolster"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bolster",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "bolstre"
},
"expansion": "bolstre",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bolster",
"t": "pillow"
},
"expansion": "Old English bolster (“pillow”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*bolstr"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *bolstr",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bulstraz",
"t": "pillow, cushion"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bulstraz (“pillow, cushion”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "bowster",
"3": "",
"4": "bolster"
},
"expansion": "Scots bowster (“bolster”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "bulster",
"3": "",
"4": "mattress"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian bulster (“mattress”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bolster",
"3": "",
"4": "husk, shell"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bolster (“husk, shell”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Polster",
"3": "",
"4": "bolster, pillow, pad"
},
"expansion": "German Polster (“bolster, pillow, pad”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "bolster",
"3": "",
"4": "soft mattress, bolster"
},
"expansion": "Swedish bolster (“soft mattress, bolster”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "bólstur",
"3": "",
"4": "pillow"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic bólstur (“pillow”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bolster, bolstre, from Old English bolster (“pillow”), from Proto-West Germanic *bolstr, from Proto-Germanic *bulstraz (“pillow, cushion”). Cognate with Scots bowster (“bolster”), West Frisian bulster (“mattress”), Dutch bolster (“husk, shell”), German Polster (“bolster, pillow, pad”), Swedish bolster (“soft mattress, bolster”), Icelandic bólstur (“pillow”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bolsters",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bolster (third-person singular simple present bolsters, present participle bolstering, simple past and past participle bolstered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017 January 20, Annie Zaleski, “AFI sounds refreshed and rejuvenated on its 10th album, AFI (The Blood Album)”, in The Onion AV Club",
"text": "Puget also teamed up with Matt Hyde (Deftones, Slayer) to co-produce the record, which was another smart move: Together, the pair ensures that AFI (The Blood Album)‘s arrangements are streamlined, but bolstered by just the right amount of atmospheric texture.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2019 October, Philip Sherratt, “Midland Main Line upgrade presses on”, in Modern Railways, page 62",
"text": "However, once the bi-modes come on stream this [the power supply] will need to be bolstered by a feed at Braybrooke, just south of Market Harborough, for which reason the Department for Transport has supported the extension of overhead electrification from Kettering to Market Harborough.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2022 January 12, Chris Hegg, “The secret railway in the woods”, in RAIL, number 948, page 36",
"text": "At the outbreak of the Second World War, the number of locomotives at the depot was bolstered by the loan of several tank engines from the GWR, usually fitted with the distinctive \"balloon\" spark arrestors.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2023 May 8, Matt Spetalnick, “Top Biden aide discusses Yemen peace efforts with Saudi crown prince”, in Reuters",
"text": "On a trip aimed at bolstering often-frayed ties with Riyadh, Sullivan also held joint talks with the crown prince, UAE national security adviser Sheikh Tahnoon bin Zayed al-Nahyan and India national security adviser Ajit Doval \"to advance their shared vision of a more secure and prosperous Middle East region interconnected with India and the world,\" the White House said.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To brace, reinforce, secure, or support."
],
"id": "en-bolster-en-verb-bzM65Gv2",
"links": [
[
"brace",
"brace"
],
[
"reinforce",
"reinforce"
],
[
"secure",
"secure"
],
[
"support",
"support"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, often figurative) To brace, reinforce, secure, or support."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"often",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "podpiram",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "подпирам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "poddǎržam",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "поддържам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "krepja",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "крепя"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiāqiáng",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "加强"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhīchí",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "支持"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gǒnggù",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "巩固"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "posílit se"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "versterken"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "veilig stellen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "ondersteunen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "stutten"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "tukea"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "vahvistaa"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "polstern"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "unterstützen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "verstärken"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "bestärken"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "stylóno",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "στυλώνω"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ypostirízo",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "υποστηρίζω"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "accrescere"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "rafforzare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "consolidare"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "抱き枕"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "whakamarohi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "haukaha"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "whakatete"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "apoiar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podpirátʹ",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "подпира́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "poddérživatʹ",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "подде́рживать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krepítʹ",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "крепи́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "reforzar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "sostener"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "stödja"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbəʊlstə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈboʊlstɚ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bolster.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bolster.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bolster.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bolster.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bolster.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boulster"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bowster"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bouster"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
],
"word": "boster"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bolster"
],
"word": "bolster"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰelǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "bolster"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bolster",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bulstraz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bulstraz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch bolster, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *bulstraz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bolsters",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstertje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-s",
"3": "bolstertje"
},
"expansion": "bolster m (plural bolsters, diminutive bolstertje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bol‧ster"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bolsteren"
},
{
"word": "ontbolsteren"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a bur, a spiny cupule, often of a chestnut"
],
"id": "en-bolster-nl-noun-P6SjdBqI",
"links": [
[
"bur",
"bur#English"
],
[
"spiny",
"spiny#English"
],
[
"cupule",
"cupule#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɔl.stər/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔlstər"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-bolster.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/Nl-bolster.ogg/Nl-bolster.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Nl-bolster.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "bolster"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bolster"
},
"expansion": "English: bolster",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: bolster"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "bowster",
"3": "bouster",
"4": "boster"
},
"expansion": "Scots: bowster, bouster, boster",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: bowster, bouster, boster"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bolster"
},
"expansion": "Old English bolster",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bulstraz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bulstraz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English bolster, from Proto-Germanic *bulstraz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bolsters",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "bolster",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bolsters"
},
"expansion": "bolster (plural bolsters)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "66 16 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 10 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "78 11 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Bedding",
"orig": "enm:Bedding",
"parents": [
"Home",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A soft stuffed bag to lie or lean on; a cushion or pillow."
],
"id": "en-bolster-enm-noun-lRCgaNta",
"links": [
[
"cushion",
"cushion"
],
[
"pillow",
"pillow"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A pad; a piece of cushioning."
],
"id": "en-bolster-enm-noun-ayFqvFKC",
"links": [
[
"cushioning",
"cushioning"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A pad; a piece of cushioning."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A supporting piece of metal."
],
"id": "en-bolster-enm-noun-6teW~tk6",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A supporting piece of metal."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɔlstər/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bolstre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bolstere"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Northern"
],
"word": "bowstur"
}
],
"word": "bolster"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "bolster"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: bolster, bolstre, bolstere, bowstur\nEnglish: bolster\nScots: bowster, bouster, boster",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: bolster, bolstre, bolstere, bowstur\nEnglish: bolster\nScots: bowster, bouster, boster"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bulstraz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bulstraz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *bulstraz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bolster",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bolster",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstres",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "bolster",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "bolster m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "bolster"
},
"expansion": "bolster m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bolstr",
"nomsg": "bolster"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bolster",
"2": "bolstras",
"3": "bolster",
"4": "bolstras",
"5": "bolstres",
"6": "bolstra",
"7": "bolstre",
"8": "bolstrum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bedbolster"
},
{
"word": "hēafodbolster"
},
{
"word": "hlēorbolster"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I always need at least two pillows to sleep.",
"text": "Tō slāpenne iċ þearf simle hūru twēġa bolstra.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pillow, cushion"
],
"id": "en-bolster-ang-noun-kxafKBt4",
"links": [
[
"pillow",
"pillow"
],
[
"cushion",
"cushion"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pyle"
},
{
"word": "wangere"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbol.ster/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈboɫ.ster]"
}
],
"word": "bolster"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gmq-osw",
"3": "bulster"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish bulster",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "bolster"
},
"expansion": "bolster",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "bólstr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse bólstr",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "bulstr"
},
"expansion": "bulstr",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bulstraz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bulstraz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰelǵʰ-",
"t": "bag, pillow, paunch"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“bag, pillow, paunch”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Swedish bulster, bolster, from Old Norse bólstr, bulstr, from Proto-Germanic *bulstraz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“bag, pillow, paunch”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-n-zero",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bolster",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstret",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bolster",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstren",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bolsters",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstrets",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bolsters",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstrens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "bolster n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "bolster n",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"stem": "bolstr"
},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-n-zero"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a bolster (a large cushion or pillow)"
],
"id": "en-bolster-sv-noun-njJFOHjt",
"links": [
[
"bolster",
"#English"
],
[
"cushion",
"cushion#English"
],
[
"pillow",
"pillow#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "bolster"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "bolsteren"
},
{
"word": "ontbolsteren"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰelǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "bolster"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bolster",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bulstraz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bulstraz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch bolster, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *bulstraz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bolsters",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstertje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-s",
"3": "bolstertje"
},
"expansion": "bolster m (plural bolsters, diminutive bolstertje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bol‧ster"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -s",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Dutch terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰelǵʰ-",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɔlstər"
],
"glosses": [
"a bur, a spiny cupule, often of a chestnut"
],
"links": [
[
"bur",
"bur#English"
],
[
"spiny",
"spiny#English"
],
[
"cupule",
"cupule#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɔl.stər/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔlstər"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-bolster.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/Nl-bolster.ogg/Nl-bolster.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Nl-bolster.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "bolster"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰel- (blow)",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰelǵʰ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"en:Bedding"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bolsterless"
},
{
"word": "bolster wagon"
},
{
"word": "bogie bolster wagon"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰelǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bolster"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bolster",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "bolstre"
},
"expansion": "bolstre",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bolster",
"t": "pillow"
},
"expansion": "Old English bolster (“pillow”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*bolstr"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *bolstr",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bulstraz",
"t": "pillow, cushion"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bulstraz (“pillow, cushion”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "bowster",
"3": "",
"4": "bolster"
},
"expansion": "Scots bowster (“bolster”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "bulster",
"3": "",
"4": "mattress"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian bulster (“mattress”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bolster",
"3": "",
"4": "husk, shell"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bolster (“husk, shell”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Polster",
"3": "",
"4": "bolster, pillow, pad"
},
"expansion": "German Polster (“bolster, pillow, pad”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "bolster",
"3": "",
"4": "soft mattress, bolster"
},
"expansion": "Swedish bolster (“soft mattress, bolster”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "bólstur",
"3": "",
"4": "pillow"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic bólstur (“pillow”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bolster, bolstre, from Old English bolster (“pillow”), from Proto-West Germanic *bolstr, from Proto-Germanic *bulstraz (“pillow, cushion”). Cognate with Scots bowster (“bolster”), West Frisian bulster (“mattress”), Dutch bolster (“husk, shell”), German Polster (“bolster, pillow, pad”), Swedish bolster (“soft mattress, bolster”), Icelandic bólstur (“pillow”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bolsters",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bolster (plural bolsters)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A large cushion or pillow."
],
"links": [
[
"cushion",
"cushion#Noun"
],
[
"pillow",
"pillow#Noun"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A pad, quilt, or anything used to hinder pressure, support part of the body, or make a bandage sit easy upon a wounded part; a compress."
],
"links": [
[
"pad",
"pad"
],
[
"quilt",
"quilt"
],
[
"compress",
"compress"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Agriculture",
"en:Vehicles"
],
"glosses": [
"A small spacer located on top of the axle of horse-drawn wagons that gives the front wheels enough clearance to turn."
],
"links": [
[
"vehicle",
"vehicle"
],
[
"agriculture",
"agriculture"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(vehicles, agriculture) A small spacer located on top of the axle of horse-drawn wagons that gives the front wheels enough clearance to turn."
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle",
"transport",
"vehicles"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A short, horizontal structural timber between a post and a beam for enlarging the bearing area of the post and/or reducing the span of the beam."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cross-head"
},
{
"word": "pillow"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A beam in the middle of a railway truck, supporting the body of the car."
],
"links": [
[
"beam",
"beam"
],
[
"railway",
"railway"
],
[
"truck",
"truck"
],
[
"body",
"body"
],
[
"car",
"car"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The perforated plate in a punching machine on which anything rests when being punched."
],
"links": [
[
"plate",
"plate"
],
[
"punch",
"punch"
],
[
"machine",
"machine"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The part of a knife blade that abuts upon the end of the handle."
],
"links": [
[
"knife",
"knife"
],
[
"blade",
"blade"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The metallic end of a pocketknife handle."
],
"links": [
[
"pocketknife",
"pocketknife"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Architectural elements"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1826, Francesco Milizia, The Lives of Celebrated Architects Ancient and Modern",
"text": "Its [the Ionic's column's] ancient capital is generally formed of two parallel bolsters",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The rolls forming the ends or sides of the Ionic capital."
],
"links": [
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"Ionic",
"Ionic"
],
[
"capital",
"capital"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(architecture) The rolls forming the ends or sides of the Ionic capital."
],
"topics": [
"architecture"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"en:Military"
],
"glosses": [
"A block of wood on the carriage of a siege gun, upon which the breech of the gun rests when arranged for transportation."
],
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(military, historical) A block of wood on the carriage of a siege gun, upon which the breech of the gun rests when arranged for transportation."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbəʊlstə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈboʊlstɚ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bolster.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bolster.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bolster.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bolster.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bolster.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Dutch wife"
},
{
"word": "boulster"
},
{
"word": "bowster"
},
{
"word": "bouster"
},
{
"tags": [
"Scotland"
],
"word": "boster"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "paśbaliś",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "পাশবালিশ"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "kōlbaliś",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "কোলবালিশ"
},
{
"code": "kxd",
"lang": "Brunei Malay",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "bantal paluk"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vǎzglavnica",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "възглавница"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "coixí"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "靠枕"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "墊枕"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "垫枕"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "podhlavník"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "bolster"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "tyyny"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "traversin"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "traveseiro"
},
{
"code": "sdn",
"lang": "Gallurese",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "capitzali"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mutaka",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "მუთაქა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "Austria m",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Polster"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Nackenrolle"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "maxilára",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μαξιλάρα"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "vánkos"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "hengerpárna"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "nagypárna"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "párna"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "guling"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "bantal guling"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "adhairt"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ceannadhairt"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "babhstar (leapa)"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "capezzale"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "cervīcal"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "pérnica",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пе́рница"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yasdık",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "یاصدق"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "baliş",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "بالش"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "motakâ",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "متکا"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cabeceira"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "travesseiro"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podúška",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "поду́шка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "válik",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ва́лик"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Campidanese Sardinian",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "cabetzèra"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Campidanese Sardinian",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "cabitzali"
},
{
"code": "sdc",
"lang": "Sassarese",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "cabitzari"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "cabecera"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "almohada"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "almohadón"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "bolster"
},
{
"code": "rif",
"lang": "Tarifit",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tsummet"
},
{
"code": "rif",
"lang": "Tarifit",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tsunta"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "diṇḍu",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"word": "దిండు"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "large cushion or pillow",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tchefsî"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "short, horizontal, structural timber between a post and a beam",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zapata"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "perforated plate in a punching machine on which anything rests when being punched",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "matriz"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "(architecture) the rolls forming the ends or sides of the Ionic capital",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "volutas"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bolster"
],
"word": "bolster"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰel- (blow)",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰelǵʰ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"en:Bedding"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰelǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bolster"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bolster",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "bolstre"
},
"expansion": "bolstre",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bolster",
"t": "pillow"
},
"expansion": "Old English bolster (“pillow”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*bolstr"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *bolstr",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bulstraz",
"t": "pillow, cushion"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bulstraz (“pillow, cushion”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "bowster",
"3": "",
"4": "bolster"
},
"expansion": "Scots bowster (“bolster”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "bulster",
"3": "",
"4": "mattress"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian bulster (“mattress”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bolster",
"3": "",
"4": "husk, shell"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bolster (“husk, shell”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Polster",
"3": "",
"4": "bolster, pillow, pad"
},
"expansion": "German Polster (“bolster, pillow, pad”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "bolster",
"3": "",
"4": "soft mattress, bolster"
},
"expansion": "Swedish bolster (“soft mattress, bolster”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "bólstur",
"3": "",
"4": "pillow"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic bólstur (“pillow”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bolster, bolstre, from Old English bolster (“pillow”), from Proto-West Germanic *bolstr, from Proto-Germanic *bulstraz (“pillow, cushion”). Cognate with Scots bowster (“bolster”), West Frisian bulster (“mattress”), Dutch bolster (“husk, shell”), German Polster (“bolster, pillow, pad”), Swedish bolster (“soft mattress, bolster”), Icelandic bólstur (“pillow”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bolsters",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bolster (third-person singular simple present bolsters, present participle bolstering, simple past and past participle bolstered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017 January 20, Annie Zaleski, “AFI sounds refreshed and rejuvenated on its 10th album, AFI (The Blood Album)”, in The Onion AV Club",
"text": "Puget also teamed up with Matt Hyde (Deftones, Slayer) to co-produce the record, which was another smart move: Together, the pair ensures that AFI (The Blood Album)‘s arrangements are streamlined, but bolstered by just the right amount of atmospheric texture.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2019 October, Philip Sherratt, “Midland Main Line upgrade presses on”, in Modern Railways, page 62",
"text": "However, once the bi-modes come on stream this [the power supply] will need to be bolstered by a feed at Braybrooke, just south of Market Harborough, for which reason the Department for Transport has supported the extension of overhead electrification from Kettering to Market Harborough.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2022 January 12, Chris Hegg, “The secret railway in the woods”, in RAIL, number 948, page 36",
"text": "At the outbreak of the Second World War, the number of locomotives at the depot was bolstered by the loan of several tank engines from the GWR, usually fitted with the distinctive \"balloon\" spark arrestors.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2023 May 8, Matt Spetalnick, “Top Biden aide discusses Yemen peace efforts with Saudi crown prince”, in Reuters",
"text": "On a trip aimed at bolstering often-frayed ties with Riyadh, Sullivan also held joint talks with the crown prince, UAE national security adviser Sheikh Tahnoon bin Zayed al-Nahyan and India national security adviser Ajit Doval \"to advance their shared vision of a more secure and prosperous Middle East region interconnected with India and the world,\" the White House said.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To brace, reinforce, secure, or support."
],
"links": [
[
"brace",
"brace"
],
[
"reinforce",
"reinforce"
],
[
"secure",
"secure"
],
[
"support",
"support"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, often figurative) To brace, reinforce, secure, or support."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"often",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbəʊlstə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈboʊlstɚ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bolster.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bolster.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bolster.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bolster.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bolster.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "boulster"
},
{
"word": "bowster"
},
{
"word": "bouster"
},
{
"tags": [
"Scotland"
],
"word": "boster"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "podpiram",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "подпирам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "poddǎržam",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "поддържам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "krepja",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "крепя"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiāqiáng",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "加强"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhīchí",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "支持"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gǒnggù",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "巩固"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "posílit se"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "versterken"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "veilig stellen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "ondersteunen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "stutten"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "tukea"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "vahvistaa"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "polstern"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "unterstützen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "verstärken"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "bestärken"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "stylóno",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "στυλώνω"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ypostirízo",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "υποστηρίζω"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "accrescere"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "rafforzare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "consolidare"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "抱き枕"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "whakamarohi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "haukaha"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "whakatete"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "apoiar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podpirátʹ",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "подпира́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "poddérživatʹ",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "подде́рживать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krepítʹ",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "крепи́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "reforzar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "sostener"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to brace, reinforce, secure, or support",
"word": "stödja"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bolster"
],
"word": "bolster"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"enm:Bedding"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bolster"
},
"expansion": "English: bolster",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: bolster"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "bowster",
"3": "bouster",
"4": "boster"
},
"expansion": "Scots: bowster, bouster, boster",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: bowster, bouster, boster"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bolster"
},
"expansion": "Old English bolster",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bulstraz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bulstraz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English bolster, from Proto-Germanic *bulstraz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bolsters",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "bolster",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bolsters"
},
"expansion": "bolster (plural bolsters)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A soft stuffed bag to lie or lean on; a cushion or pillow."
],
"links": [
[
"cushion",
"cushion"
],
[
"pillow",
"pillow"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A pad; a piece of cushioning."
],
"links": [
[
"cushioning",
"cushioning"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A pad; a piece of cushioning."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A supporting piece of metal."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A supporting piece of metal."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɔlstər/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bolstre"
},
{
"word": "bolstere"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern"
],
"word": "bowstur"
}
],
"word": "bolster"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "bedbolster"
},
{
"word": "hēafodbolster"
},
{
"word": "hlēorbolster"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "bolster"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: bolster, bolstre, bolstere, bowstur\nEnglish: bolster\nScots: bowster, bouster, boster",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: bolster, bolstre, bolstere, bowstur\nEnglish: bolster\nScots: bowster, bouster, boster"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bulstraz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bulstraz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *bulstraz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bolster",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bolster",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstres",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "bolster",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "bolster m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "bolster"
},
"expansion": "bolster m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bolstr",
"nomsg": "bolster"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bolster",
"2": "bolstras",
"3": "bolster",
"4": "bolstras",
"5": "bolstres",
"6": "bolstra",
"7": "bolstre",
"8": "bolstrum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with redundant head parameter",
"Old English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I always need at least two pillows to sleep.",
"text": "Tō slāpenne iċ þearf simle hūru twēġa bolstra.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pillow, cushion"
],
"links": [
[
"pillow",
"pillow"
],
[
"cushion",
"cushion"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbol.ster/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈboɫ.ster]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pyle"
},
{
"word": "wangere"
}
],
"word": "bolster"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gmq-osw",
"3": "bulster"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish bulster",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "bolster"
},
"expansion": "bolster",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "bólstr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse bólstr",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "bulstr"
},
"expansion": "bulstr",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bulstraz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bulstraz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰelǵʰ-",
"t": "bag, pillow, paunch"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“bag, pillow, paunch”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Swedish bulster, bolster, from Old Norse bólstr, bulstr, from Proto-Germanic *bulstraz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“bag, pillow, paunch”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-n-zero",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bolster",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstret",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bolster",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstren",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bolsters",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstrets",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bolsters",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bolstrens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "bolster n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "bolster n",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"stem": "bolstr"
},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-n-zero"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish neuter nouns",
"Swedish nouns",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Swedish",
"Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Swedish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Swedish terms inherited from Old Swedish",
"Swedish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"glosses": [
"a bolster (a large cushion or pillow)"
],
"links": [
[
"bolster",
"#English"
],
[
"cushion",
"cushion#English"
],
[
"pillow",
"pillow#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "bolster"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.