See appall on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "appaller"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "appallment"
}
],
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pelH-"
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"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "apallen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English apallen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "apalir",
"4": "",
"5": "to grow pale, make pale"
},
"expansion": "Old French apalir (“to grow pale, make pale”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ad"
},
"expansion": "Latin ad",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English apallen, from Old French apalir (“to grow pale, make pale”); a (Latin ad) + palir (“to grow pale, to make pale”), pâle (“pale”). See pale (adj.) and compare with pall.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "appalls",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "appalling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "appalled",
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"participle",
"past"
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"expansion": "appall (third-person singular simple present appalls, present participle appalling, simple past and past participle appalled)",
"name": "en-verb"
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
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{
"_dis": "40 20 22 1 17",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fear",
"orig": "en:Fear",
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"Mind",
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"examples": [
{
"text": "The evidence put forth at the court appalled most of the jury.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1702–1704, Edward [Hyde, 1st] Earl of Clarendon, “(please specify |book=I to XVI)”, in The History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England, Begun in the Year 1641. […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed at the Theater, published 1707, →OCLC:",
"text": "The house of peers was somewhat appalled at this alarum.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To fill with horror and/or indignation; to dismay."
],
"id": "en-appall-en-verb-mQg9uDWo",
"links": [
[
"horror",
"horror"
],
[
"indignation",
"indignation"
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[
"dismay",
"dismay"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To fill with horror and/or indignation; to dismay."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "terrify"
},
{
"word": "daunt"
},
{
"word": "frighten"
},
{
"word": "scare"
},
{
"word": "depress"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "affright"
},
{
"word": "frighten"
}
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],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "73 4 8 11 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "plaša",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "плаша"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 4 8 11 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "užasjavam",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "ужасявам"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 4 8 11 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "kauhistuttaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 4 8 11 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "tyrmistyttää"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 4 8 11 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "entsetzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 4 8 11 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "abstoßen"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 4 8 11 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "impallidire"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 4 8 11 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "whakarihariha"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 4 8 11 5",
"code": "fa",
"english": "rang paridan",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "رنگ پریدن"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 4 8 11 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "zbulwersować"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 4 8 11 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "bulwersować"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 4 8 11 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "consternar"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 4 8 11 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "užasátʹ",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ужаса́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 4 8 11 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ustrašátʹ",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "устраша́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 4 8 11 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pugátʹ",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "пуга́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 4 8 11 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "potrjasátʹ",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "потряса́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 4 8 11 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "privodítʹ v smjaténije",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "приводи́ть в смяте́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 4 8 11 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "consternar"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 4 8 11 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "abrumar"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 4 8 11 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "apabullar"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 4 8 11 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "förskräcka"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 4 8 11 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "förfära"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 4 8 11 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "skrämma"
}
]
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1527–1542, Thomas Wyatt, “Thanſwere that ye made to me my dere”, in Egerton MS 2711, page 63r:",
"text": "Thanſwere that ye made to me my dere\nwhañ I did ſewe for my poore hartes redreſſe\nhathe ſo apalld my countenaunce […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make pale; to blanch."
],
"id": "en-appall-en-verb-gJxQGYqT",
"links": [
[
"pale",
"pale"
],
[
"blanch",
"blanch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To make pale; to blanch."
],
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"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
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{
"ref": "1601, C[aius] Plinius Secundus [i.e., Pliny the Elder], “(please specify |book=I to XXXVII)”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Historie of the World. Commonly Called, The Naturall Historie of C. Plinius Secundus. […], (please specify |tome=1 or 2), London: […] Adam Islip, →OCLC:",
"text": "wine of it owne nature will not congeale and freeze, onely it will loose the strength, and become appalled in extremitie of cold.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To weaken; to reduce in strength"
],
"id": "en-appall-en-verb-MoPqr2dD",
"links": [
[
"weaken",
"weaken"
],
[
"reduce",
"reduce"
],
[
"strength",
"strength"
]
],
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"(transitive, obsolete) To weaken; to reduce in strength"
],
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"transitive"
]
},
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"glosses": [
"To grow faint; to become weak; to become dismayed or discouraged."
],
"id": "en-appall-en-verb-CHK91J8M",
"links": [
[
"faint",
"faint"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) To grow faint; to become weak; to become dismayed or discouraged."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
},
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"glosses": [
"To lose flavour or become stale."
],
"id": "en-appall-en-verb-G2ybvRBZ",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) To lose flavour or become stale."
],
"tags": [
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"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "ə-pôlʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈpɔːl/"
},
{
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Commonwealth",
"English"
],
"word": "appal"
}
],
"word": "appall"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
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"derived": [
{
"word": "appaller"
},
{
"word": "appallment"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pelH-"
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"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
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{
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"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "apallen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English apallen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "apalir",
"4": "",
"5": "to grow pale, make pale"
},
"expansion": "Old French apalir (“to grow pale, make pale”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ad"
},
"expansion": "Latin ad",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English apallen, from Old French apalir (“to grow pale, make pale”); a (Latin ad) + palir (“to grow pale, to make pale”), pâle (“pale”). See pale (adj.) and compare with pall.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "appalls",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "appalling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "appalled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "appalled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "appall (third-person singular simple present appalls, present participle appalling, simple past and past participle appalled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The evidence put forth at the court appalled most of the jury.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1702–1704, Edward [Hyde, 1st] Earl of Clarendon, “(please specify |book=I to XVI)”, in The History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England, Begun in the Year 1641. […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed at the Theater, published 1707, →OCLC:",
"text": "The house of peers was somewhat appalled at this alarum.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To fill with horror and/or indignation; to dismay."
],
"links": [
[
"horror",
"horror"
],
[
"indignation",
"indignation"
],
[
"dismay",
"dismay"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To fill with horror and/or indignation; to dismay."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "terrify"
},
{
"word": "daunt"
},
{
"word": "frighten"
},
{
"word": "scare"
},
{
"word": "depress"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "affright"
},
{
"word": "frighten"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1527–1542, Thomas Wyatt, “Thanſwere that ye made to me my dere”, in Egerton MS 2711, page 63r:",
"text": "Thanſwere that ye made to me my dere\nwhañ I did ſewe for my poore hartes redreſſe\nhathe ſo apalld my countenaunce […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make pale; to blanch."
],
"links": [
[
"pale",
"pale"
],
[
"blanch",
"blanch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To make pale; to blanch."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1601, C[aius] Plinius Secundus [i.e., Pliny the Elder], “(please specify |book=I to XXXVII)”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Historie of the World. Commonly Called, The Naturall Historie of C. Plinius Secundus. […], (please specify |tome=1 or 2), London: […] Adam Islip, →OCLC:",
"text": "wine of it owne nature will not congeale and freeze, onely it will loose the strength, and become appalled in extremitie of cold.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To weaken; to reduce in strength"
],
"links": [
[
"weaken",
"weaken"
],
[
"reduce",
"reduce"
],
[
"strength",
"strength"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To weaken; to reduce in strength"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To grow faint; to become weak; to become dismayed or discouraged."
],
"links": [
[
"faint",
"faint"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) To grow faint; to become weak; to become dismayed or discouraged."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To lose flavour or become stale."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) To lose flavour or become stale."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "ə-pôlʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈpɔːl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Mélange a trois-appall.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-appall.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-appall.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-appall.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-appall.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Commonwealth",
"English"
],
"word": "appal"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "plaša",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "плаша"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "užasjavam",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "ужасявам"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "kauhistuttaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "tyrmistyttää"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "entsetzen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "abstoßen"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "impallidire"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "whakarihariha"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"english": "rang paridan",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "رنگ پریدن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "zbulwersować"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "bulwersować"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "consternar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "užasátʹ",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ужаса́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ustrašátʹ",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "устраша́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pugátʹ",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "пуга́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "potrjasátʹ",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "потряса́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "privodítʹ v smjaténije",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "приводи́ть в смяте́ние"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "consternar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "abrumar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "apabullar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "förskräcka"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "förfära"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear",
"word": "skrämma"
}
],
"word": "appall"
}
Download raw JSONL data for appall meaning in All languages combined (8.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.