See Yoruba on Wiktionary
{ "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "yo", "3": "Yorùbá" }, "expansion": "Yoruba Yorùbá", "name": "bor" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Yoruba Yorùbá.", "forms": [ { "form": "Yoruba", "tags": [ "plural" ] }, { "form": "Yorubas", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "Yoruba", "2": "s" }, "expansion": "Yoruba (plural Yoruba or Yorubas)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [], "derived": [ { "word": "Yorubaland" }, { "word": "Yorubian" }, { "word": "Yorubic" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "2014 April 7, Claire L. Adida, Immigrant Exclusion and Insecurity in Africa, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 60:", "text": "Approximately 40 percent of Yorubas in Nigeria are Muslim and 60 percent are Christian. […] Its members express a strong preference for being among Yorubas during their worship service: “Since I am a Yoruba and we Yorubas have our own Church. . . .\"", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A member of an ethnic group or tribe living mainly in southwest Nigeria, southern Benin, and eastern Togo and, as well as in communities elsewhere in West Africa, Brazil and Cuba." ], "id": "en-Yoruba-en-noun-kfmKKTSL", "links": [ [ "ethnic group", "ethnic group" ], [ "tribe", "tribe" ], [ "Nigeria", "Nigeria" ], [ "Benin", "Benin" ], [ "Togo", "Togo" ], [ "West Africa", "West Africa" ], [ "Brazil", "Brazil" ], [ "Cuba", "Cuba" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(chiefly in the plural) A member of an ethnic group or tribe living mainly in southwest Nigeria, southern Benin, and eastern Togo and, as well as in communities elsewhere in West Africa, Brazil and Cuba." ], "tags": [ "in-plural" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈjɒɹʊbə/", "tags": [ "UK" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈjɔːɹəbə/", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "audio": "En-us-Yoruba.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/En-us-Yoruba.ogg/En-us-Yoruba.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/En-us-Yoruba.ogg" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Yoruba" ], "word": "Yoruba" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "yo", "3": "Yorùbá" }, "expansion": "Yoruba Yorùbá", "name": "bor" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Yoruba Yorùbá.", "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "Yoruba", "name": "en-proper noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "name", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "68 15 18", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "66 22 13", "kind": "other", "name": "Entries with translation boxes", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "48 14 14 3 10 11", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "45 16 15 2 7 14", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "64 16 20", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Armenian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "65 15 20", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "64 16 20", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Catalan translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "67 14 20", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Finnish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "71 16 13", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with French translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "67 14 20", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Galician translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "63 14 23", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Georgian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "70 16 14", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with German translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "66 14 20", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Irish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "74 13 12", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Japanese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "63 13 24", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "65 17 18", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Marathi translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "67 15 18", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Nupe translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "64 15 21", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Polish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "70 13 17", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "74 13 12", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Russian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "64 16 20", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "72 15 13", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Spanish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "68 15 17", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Swahili translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "65 15 19", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Swedish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "65 15 19", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Turkish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "64 25 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Yoruba translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "62 14 24", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Ethnonyms", "orig": "en:Ethnonyms", "parents": [ "Ethnicity", "Names", "People", "All topics", "Proper nouns", "Terms by semantic function", "Human", "Fundamental", "Nouns", "Lemmas" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "58 15 27", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Languages", "orig": "en:Languages", "parents": [ "Language", "Names", "Communication", "All topics", "Proper nouns", "Terms by semantic function", "Fundamental", "Nouns", "Lemmas" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "2005, Helen Oyeyemi, The Icarus Girl, Bloomsbury, page 48:", "text": "In the parlour, she could hear Aunty Biola attempting to teach her father Yoruba, collapsing into helpless giggles whenever he mispronounced his vowels, giving them the flat English sound instead of lifting them upwards with the slight outward puff of breath that was required.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A sub-Saharan language. It belongs to the Benue-Congo branch of the Niger-Congo language family, and has nearly 40 million speakers in Nigeria, Benin, Togo, and Sierra Leone, as well as communities in The United States, Brazil and Cuba." ], "id": "en-Yoruba-en-name-ocS9f-K8", "links": [ [ "language family", "language family" ], [ "Nigeria", "Nigeria" ], [ "Benin", "Benin" ], [ "Togo", "Togo" ], [ "Sierra Leone", "Sierra Leone" ], [ "The United States", "The United States" ], [ "Brazil", "Brazil" ], [ "Cuba", "Cuba" ] ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "yoruba", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "word": "յորուբա" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "jorúba", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "word": "йору́ба" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ioruba" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "Yāolǔbāyǔ, Yuēlǔbāyǔ", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "word": "約魯巴語 /约鲁巴语" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "word": "joruba" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "yoruba" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "yorouba" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "ioruba" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ioruba", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "word": "იორუბა" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "Yoruba" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Iarúibis" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "Yoruba-go", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "word": "ヨルバ語" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "yorubā", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "योरुबा" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "nup", "lang": "Nupe", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "word": "Èyàgi" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "word": "joruba" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "yoruba" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ioruba" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "iorubá" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "iorubano" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "Brazil", "masculine" ], "word": "nagô" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "jórúba", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "йо́ру́ба" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "yoruba" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "note": "in Cuba", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "nago" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "word": "Kiyoruba" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "word": "yoruba" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "word": "Yoruba" }, { "_dis1": "95 5", "code": "yo", "lang": "Yoruba", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "word": "Yorùbá" }, { "_dis1": "59 41", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "family of religions", "word": "joruba-uskonto" }, { "_dis1": "59 41", "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "family of religions", "word": "Iarúbach" }, { "_dis1": "59 41", "code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "yorubā", "sense": "family of religions", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "योरुबा" } ] }, { "categories": [], "coordinate_terms": [ { "_dis1": "41 59", "sense": "religions", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "religion" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "agnosticism" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Asatru" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "atheism" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Ayyavazhi" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Baháʼí Faith" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Bon" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Buddhism" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Cao Dai" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Cheondoism" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Christianity" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "deism" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Druidry" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Druze" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Eckankar" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Heathenry" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Hinduism" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Islam" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Jainism" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Jediism" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Judaism" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Kimbanguism" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Odinism" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "paganism" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Pastafarianism" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Raëlism" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Rastafarianism" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Rodnovery" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Romuva" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Samaritanism" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Sanamahism" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Shinto" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Sikhism" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Taoism" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Tengrism" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Thelema" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Unitarian Universalism" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Wicca" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Yahwism" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Yazidism" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Zoroastrianism [edit]" } ], "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 100", "word": "Yoruban" }, { "_dis1": "0 100", "word": "Yoruboid" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1979, Zacchaeus Akin Ademuwagun, John A. A. Ayoade, Ira E. Harrison, Dennis M. Warren, African Therapeutic Systems, Crossroads Press, page 130:", "text": "The Yoruba practitioner describes it as a condition where a man's semen will flow out of the vagina before fertilization can take place.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2003, P. Adelumo Dopamu, Samuel O. Oyewole, African Culture, Modern Science, and Religious Thought, African Centre for Religions and the Sciences, →ISBN, page 445:", "text": "The Yoruba practitioner has no difficulty in knowing the difference between what we have classified as magic, medicine or sorcery.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2011, Philemon Omerenma Amanze, African Traditional Medicine, Author House, →ISBN, page 20:", "text": "This is because when the Yoruba practitioner heals a stomach ache, he uses medicine, when he protects someone from accident, he uses magic, and when he invokes for the purpose of harming or killing a person, he uses sorcery.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2012, Velma E. Love, Divining the Self: A Study in Yoruba Myth and Human Consciousness, Penn State Press, →ISBN, page 25:", "text": "She was not a Yoruba practitioner but nevertheless had asked for a “birth reading” for her newborn daughter.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "An African traditional religion which spawned various offshoots in the Americas in the 15th to 19th centuries, including santería and Lucumí. (See Yoruba religion.)" ], "id": "en-Yoruba-en-name-dzHdLr8i", "links": [ [ "Americas", "Americas" ], [ "santería", "santería" ], [ "Lucumí", "Lucumí" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 100", "word": "Yorùbá" } ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈjɒɹʊbə/", "tags": [ "UK" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈjɔːɹəbə/", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "audio": "En-us-Yoruba.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/En-us-Yoruba.ogg/En-us-Yoruba.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/En-us-Yoruba.ogg" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Yoruba" ], "word": "Yoruba" } { "derived": [ { "_dis1": "48 52 0", "word": "èdè Yorùbá" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "yo", "2": "ha", "3": "ya rība" }, "expansion": "Hausa ya rība", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "yo", "2": "ha", "3": "ya ruba" }, "expansion": "Hausa ya ruba", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "yo", "2": "yārṑ", "3": "ọba" }, "expansion": "yārṑ + ọba", "name": "compound" }, { "args": { "1": "yo", "2": "ha", "3": "Yarbanci" }, "expansion": "Hausa Yarbanci", "name": "bor" } ], "etymology_text": "Of unclear and disputed origin, it is likely that it was derived from an exonym from neighboring groups to the north, such as Hausa, Fulani, or Bariba. Various implausible etymologies have been proposed, often used to insult the Yoruba people or support supposed Middle Eastern or Jewish origins of the Yoruba people. What is certain is that the term was used originally in reference to only the Ọ̀yọ́ people (a subgroup of the Yoruba ethnic group) and the Oyo empire, and did not become used to refer to all Yoruba peoples until the late 19th century during attempts to foster a common ethnic identity. Etymological theories include:\n* Several folk etymologies associate the term from coming from Hausa or Fula slurs of Yoruba people, such as Hausa ya rība meaning \"One who cheats,\" referring to the supposed deceitful tactics Yoruba traders used, or Hausa ya ruba meaning \"Bad or rotten person.\" These has been dismissed and proscribed by most Yoruba scholars, however, the Yoruba term yóóbá is derived from the first etymology, but is not to be mistaken with \"Yoruba.\"\n*According to linguist Kọlá Túbọ̀sún, it ultimately derives from a contraction of yārṑ + ọba \"Children of the Ọba\", (referring to the Alaafin of Oyo).\n* A newly proposed theory suggests it is a reborrowing from the word Yàgbà, a Yoruba subethnic group, borrowed into the Nupe and Hausa languages, where it became Yarba, and then reborrowed from Hausa Yarbanci", "forms": [ { "form": "Yorùbá", "tags": [ "canonical" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "yo", "2": "proper noun", "head": "Yorùbá", "head2": "" }, "expansion": "Yorùbá", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "1": "proper noun", "2": "Yorùbá" }, "expansion": "Yorùbá", "name": "yo-pos" }, { "args": { "1": "Yorùbá" }, "expansion": "Yorùbá", "name": "yo-proper noun" } ], "lang": "Yoruba", "lang_code": "yo", "pos": "name", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "52 29 19", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "yo", "name": "Ethnonyms", "orig": "yo:Ethnonyms", "parents": [ "Ethnicity", "Names", "People", "All topics", "Proper nouns", "Terms by semantic function", "Human", "Fundamental", "Nouns", "Lemmas" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "english": "I'm Yoruba.", "text": "Mo jẹ́ ọmọ Yorùbá.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "Yoruba (people or ethnicity)" ], "id": "en-Yoruba-yo-name-t42iynxd", "links": [ [ "Yoruba", "Yoruba#English" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "ọmọ Odùduwà" }, { "word": "ọmọ Oòduà" }, { "word": "ọmọ Ilẹ̀ káàárọ̀-oòjíire" }, { "word": "ìran Yorùbá" } ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "15 64 21", "kind": "other", "name": "Yoruba entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "6 82 12", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "yo", "name": "Languages", "orig": "yo:Languages", "parents": [ "Language", "Names", "Communication", "All topics", "Proper nouns", "Terms by semantic function", "Fundamental", "Nouns", "Lemmas" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "english": "He doesn't understand Yoruba.", "text": "Kò gbọ́ (èdè) Yorùbá.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "Yoruba (language)" ], "id": "en-Yoruba-yo-name-zPCXEPJ8", "links": [ [ "Yoruba", "Yoruba#English" ] ] }, { "categories": [], "glosses": [ "Ọ̀yọ́ subethnic group" ], "id": "en-Yoruba-yo-name-kIh332Hm", "links": [ [ "Ọ̀yọ́", "Ọyọ#Yoruba" ], [ "subethnic", "subethnic" ], [ "group", "group" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(obsolete) Ọ̀yọ́ subethnic group" ], "tags": [ "obsolete" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/jō.ɾù.bá/" } ], "synonyms": [ { "_dis1": "48 52 0", "word": "Yoòbá" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Oyo empire", "yo:Yorùbá" ], "word": "Yoruba" }
{ "categories": [ "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English indeclinable nouns", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English nouns with irregular plurals", "English proper nouns", "English terms borrowed from Yoruba", "English terms derived from Yoruba", "English uncountable nouns", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Nupe translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "en:Ethnonyms", "en:Languages", "yo:Ethnonyms", "yo:Languages" ], "derived": [ { "word": "Yorubaland" }, { "word": "Yoruban" }, { "word": "Yorubian" }, { "word": "Yorubic" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "yo", "3": "Yorùbá" }, "expansion": "Yoruba Yorùbá", "name": "bor" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Yoruba Yorùbá.", "forms": [ { "form": "Yoruba", "tags": [ "plural" ] }, { "form": "Yorubas", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "Yoruba", "2": "s" }, "expansion": "Yoruba (plural Yoruba or Yorubas)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "2014 April 7, Claire L. Adida, Immigrant Exclusion and Insecurity in Africa, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 60:", "text": "Approximately 40 percent of Yorubas in Nigeria are Muslim and 60 percent are Christian. […] Its members express a strong preference for being among Yorubas during their worship service: “Since I am a Yoruba and we Yorubas have our own Church. . . .\"", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A member of an ethnic group or tribe living mainly in southwest Nigeria, southern Benin, and eastern Togo and, as well as in communities elsewhere in West Africa, Brazil and Cuba." ], "links": [ [ "ethnic group", "ethnic group" ], [ "tribe", "tribe" ], [ "Nigeria", "Nigeria" ], [ "Benin", "Benin" ], [ "Togo", "Togo" ], [ "West Africa", "West Africa" ], [ "Brazil", "Brazil" ], [ "Cuba", "Cuba" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(chiefly in the plural) A member of an ethnic group or tribe living mainly in southwest Nigeria, southern Benin, and eastern Togo and, as well as in communities elsewhere in West Africa, Brazil and Cuba." ], "tags": [ "in-plural" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈjɒɹʊbə/", "tags": [ "UK" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈjɔːɹəbə/", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "audio": "En-us-Yoruba.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/En-us-Yoruba.ogg/En-us-Yoruba.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/En-us-Yoruba.ogg" } ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "Yorùbá" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Yoruba" ], "word": "Yoruba" } { "categories": [ "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English indeclinable nouns", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English nouns with irregular plurals", "English proper nouns", "English terms borrowed from Yoruba", "English terms derived from Yoruba", "English uncountable nouns", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Nupe translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Yoruba translations", "en:Ethnonyms", "en:Languages", "yo:Ethnonyms", "yo:Languages" ], "coordinate_terms": [ { "sense": "religions", "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "religion" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "agnosticism" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Asatru" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "atheism" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Ayyavazhi" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Baháʼí Faith" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Bon" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Buddhism" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Cao Dai" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Cheondoism" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Christianity" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "deism" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Druidry" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Druze" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Eckankar" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Heathenry" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Hinduism" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Islam" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Jainism" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Jediism" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Judaism" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Kimbanguism" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Odinism" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "paganism" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Pastafarianism" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Raëlism" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Rastafarianism" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Rodnovery" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Romuva" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Samaritanism" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Sanamahism" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Shinto" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Sikhism" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Taoism" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Tengrism" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Thelema" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Unitarian Universalism" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Wicca" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Yahwism" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Yazidism" }, { "urls": [ "//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Template:list:religions/en?action=edit" ], "word": "Zoroastrianism [edit]" } ], "derived": [ { "word": "Yoruban" }, { "word": "Yoruboid" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "yo", "3": "Yorùbá" }, "expansion": "Yoruba Yorùbá", "name": "bor" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Yoruba Yorùbá.", "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "Yoruba", "name": "en-proper noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "name", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "2005, Helen Oyeyemi, The Icarus Girl, Bloomsbury, page 48:", "text": "In the parlour, she could hear Aunty Biola attempting to teach her father Yoruba, collapsing into helpless giggles whenever he mispronounced his vowels, giving them the flat English sound instead of lifting them upwards with the slight outward puff of breath that was required.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A sub-Saharan language. It belongs to the Benue-Congo branch of the Niger-Congo language family, and has nearly 40 million speakers in Nigeria, Benin, Togo, and Sierra Leone, as well as communities in The United States, Brazil and Cuba." ], "links": [ [ "language family", "language family" ], [ "Nigeria", "Nigeria" ], [ "Benin", "Benin" ], [ "Togo", "Togo" ], [ "Sierra Leone", "Sierra Leone" ], [ "The United States", "The United States" ], [ "Brazil", "Brazil" ], [ "Cuba", "Cuba" ] ] }, { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1979, Zacchaeus Akin Ademuwagun, John A. A. Ayoade, Ira E. Harrison, Dennis M. Warren, African Therapeutic Systems, Crossroads Press, page 130:", "text": "The Yoruba practitioner describes it as a condition where a man's semen will flow out of the vagina before fertilization can take place.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2003, P. Adelumo Dopamu, Samuel O. Oyewole, African Culture, Modern Science, and Religious Thought, African Centre for Religions and the Sciences, →ISBN, page 445:", "text": "The Yoruba practitioner has no difficulty in knowing the difference between what we have classified as magic, medicine or sorcery.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2011, Philemon Omerenma Amanze, African Traditional Medicine, Author House, →ISBN, page 20:", "text": "This is because when the Yoruba practitioner heals a stomach ache, he uses medicine, when he protects someone from accident, he uses magic, and when he invokes for the purpose of harming or killing a person, he uses sorcery.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2012, Velma E. Love, Divining the Self: A Study in Yoruba Myth and Human Consciousness, Penn State Press, →ISBN, page 25:", "text": "She was not a Yoruba practitioner but nevertheless had asked for a “birth reading” for her newborn daughter.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "An African traditional religion which spawned various offshoots in the Americas in the 15th to 19th centuries, including santería and Lucumí. (See Yoruba religion.)" ], "links": [ [ "Americas", "Americas" ], [ "santería", "santería" ], [ "Lucumí", "Lucumí" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈjɒɹʊbə/", "tags": [ "UK" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈjɔːɹəbə/", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "audio": "En-us-Yoruba.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/En-us-Yoruba.ogg/En-us-Yoruba.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/En-us-Yoruba.ogg" } ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "Yorùbá" } ], "translations": [ { "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "yoruba", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "word": "յորուբա" }, { "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "jorúba", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "word": "йору́ба" }, { "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ioruba" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "Yāolǔbāyǔ, Yuēlǔbāyǔ", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "word": "約魯巴語 /约鲁巴语" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "word": "joruba" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "yoruba" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "yorouba" }, { "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "ioruba" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ioruba", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "word": "იორუბა" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "Yoruba" }, { "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Iarúibis" }, { "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "Yoruba-go", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "word": "ヨルバ語" }, { "code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "yorubā", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "योरुबा" }, { "code": "nup", "lang": "Nupe", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "word": "Èyàgi" }, { "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "word": "joruba" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "yoruba" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ioruba" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "iorubá" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "iorubano" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "Brazil", "masculine" ], "word": "nagô" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "jórúba", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "йо́ру́ба" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "yoruba" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "note": "in Cuba", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "nago" }, { "code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "word": "Kiyoruba" }, { "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "word": "yoruba" }, { "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "word": "Yoruba" }, { "code": "yo", "lang": "Yoruba", "sense": "a sub-Saharan language", "word": "Yorùbá" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "family of religions", "word": "joruba-uskonto" }, { "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "family of religions", "word": "Iarúbach" }, { "code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "yorubā", "sense": "family of religions", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "योरुबा" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Yoruba" ], "word": "Yoruba" } { "categories": [ "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "Yoruba entries with incorrect language header", "Yoruba lemmas", "Yoruba proper nouns", "Yoruba terms with IPA pronunciation", "yo:Ethnonyms", "yo:Languages" ], "derived": [ { "word": "èdè Yorùbá" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "yo", "2": "ha", "3": "ya rība" }, "expansion": "Hausa ya rība", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "yo", "2": "ha", "3": "ya ruba" }, "expansion": "Hausa ya ruba", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "yo", "2": "yārṑ", "3": "ọba" }, "expansion": "yārṑ + ọba", "name": "compound" }, { "args": { "1": "yo", "2": "ha", "3": "Yarbanci" }, "expansion": "Hausa Yarbanci", "name": "bor" } ], "etymology_text": "Of unclear and disputed origin, it is likely that it was derived from an exonym from neighboring groups to the north, such as Hausa, Fulani, or Bariba. Various implausible etymologies have been proposed, often used to insult the Yoruba people or support supposed Middle Eastern or Jewish origins of the Yoruba people. What is certain is that the term was used originally in reference to only the Ọ̀yọ́ people (a subgroup of the Yoruba ethnic group) and the Oyo empire, and did not become used to refer to all Yoruba peoples until the late 19th century during attempts to foster a common ethnic identity. Etymological theories include:\n* Several folk etymologies associate the term from coming from Hausa or Fula slurs of Yoruba people, such as Hausa ya rība meaning \"One who cheats,\" referring to the supposed deceitful tactics Yoruba traders used, or Hausa ya ruba meaning \"Bad or rotten person.\" These has been dismissed and proscribed by most Yoruba scholars, however, the Yoruba term yóóbá is derived from the first etymology, but is not to be mistaken with \"Yoruba.\"\n*According to linguist Kọlá Túbọ̀sún, it ultimately derives from a contraction of yārṑ + ọba \"Children of the Ọba\", (referring to the Alaafin of Oyo).\n* A newly proposed theory suggests it is a reborrowing from the word Yàgbà, a Yoruba subethnic group, borrowed into the Nupe and Hausa languages, where it became Yarba, and then reborrowed from Hausa Yarbanci", "forms": [ { "form": "Yorùbá", "tags": [ "canonical" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "yo", "2": "proper noun", "head": "Yorùbá", "head2": "" }, "expansion": "Yorùbá", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "1": "proper noun", "2": "Yorùbá" }, "expansion": "Yorùbá", "name": "yo-pos" }, { "args": { "1": "Yorùbá" }, "expansion": "Yorùbá", "name": "yo-proper noun" } ], "lang": "Yoruba", "lang_code": "yo", "pos": "name", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Yoruba terms with usage examples" ], "examples": [ { "english": "I'm Yoruba.", "text": "Mo jẹ́ ọmọ Yorùbá.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "Yoruba (people or ethnicity)" ], "links": [ [ "Yoruba", "Yoruba#English" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "ọmọ Odùduwà" }, { "word": "ọmọ Oòduà" }, { "word": "ọmọ Ilẹ̀ káàárọ̀-oòjíire" }, { "word": "ìran Yorùbá" } ] }, { "categories": [ "Yoruba terms with usage examples" ], "examples": [ { "english": "He doesn't understand Yoruba.", "text": "Kò gbọ́ (èdè) Yorùbá.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "Yoruba (language)" ], "links": [ [ "Yoruba", "Yoruba#English" ] ] }, { "categories": [ "Yoruba terms with obsolete senses" ], "glosses": [ "Ọ̀yọ́ subethnic group" ], "links": [ [ "Ọ̀yọ́", "Ọyọ#Yoruba" ], [ "subethnic", "subethnic" ], [ "group", "group" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(obsolete) Ọ̀yọ́ subethnic group" ], "tags": [ "obsolete" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/jō.ɾù.bá/" } ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "Yoòbá" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Oyo empire", "yo:Yorùbá" ], "word": "Yoruba" }
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (9a96ef4 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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