See Kaluga on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for Kaluga meaning in All languages combined (10.9kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ru",
"3": "Калу́га"
},
"expansion": "Russian Калу́га (Kalúga)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Russian Калу́га (Kalúga).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Kaluga",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Kaluga Oblast",
"orig": "en:Kaluga Oblast",
"parents": [
"Oblasts of Russia",
"Oblasts",
"Places",
"Political subdivisions",
"Names",
"Polities",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Oblasts of Russia",
"orig": "en:Oblasts of Russia",
"parents": [
"Oblasts",
"Places",
"Political subdivisions",
"Names",
"Polities",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Russia",
"orig": "en:Places in Russia",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An oblast of Russia."
],
"id": "en-Kaluga-en-name-OjclRk6j",
"links": [
[
"oblast",
"oblast"
],
[
"Russia",
"Russia#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Cities in Kaluga Oblast",
"orig": "en:Cities in Kaluga Oblast",
"parents": [
"Cities",
"Places",
"Polities",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Cities in Russia",
"orig": "en:Cities in Russia",
"parents": [
"Cities",
"Places",
"Polities",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Kaluga Oblast",
"orig": "en:Places in Kaluga Oblast",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Russia",
"orig": "en:Places in Russia",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A city, the administrative center of Kaluga Oblast, Russia."
],
"id": "en-Kaluga-en-name-Ocyl1o-w",
"links": [
[
"Kaluga",
"Kaluga#English"
],
[
"Russia",
"Russia#English"
]
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "46 54",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "kalūḡā",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "كَالُوغَا"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 54",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"tags": [
"Kaluga"
],
"word": "Կալուգա"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 54",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "Kalúha",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Калу́га"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 54",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "Kalúga",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Калу́га"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 54",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"word": "卡盧加"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 54",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Kǎlújiā",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"word": "卡卢加"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 54",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"word": "Kaluga"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 54",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kalouga"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 54",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳaluga",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"word": "კალუგა"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 54",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Kaluga"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 54",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kalugā",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"word": "कलुगा"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 54",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "Karūga",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"word": "カルーガ"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 54",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "Kalluga",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"word": "칼루가"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 54",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "Kalúga",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Калу́га"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 54",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Kaluga"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 54",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "Kalúga",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Калу́га"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 54",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "Калуга"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 54",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "Kaluga"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 54",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"word": "Kaluga"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 54",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "Kalúha",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Калу́га"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kaluga"
],
"word": "Kaluga"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "proper noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "Kaluga f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "Kaluga f",
"name": "pt-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pt",
"name": "Kaluga Oblast",
"orig": "pt:Kaluga Oblast",
"parents": [
"Oblasts of Russia",
"Oblasts",
"Places",
"Political subdivisions",
"Names",
"Polities",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pt",
"name": "Oblasts of Russia",
"orig": "pt:Oblasts of Russia",
"parents": [
"Oblasts",
"Places",
"Political subdivisions",
"Names",
"Polities",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pt",
"name": "Places in Russia",
"orig": "pt:Places in Russia",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Kaluga (an oblast of Russia)"
],
"id": "en-Kaluga-pt-name-rMIwu602",
"links": [
[
"Kaluga",
"Kaluga#English"
],
[
"oblast",
"oblast"
],
[
"Russia",
"Russia#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pt",
"name": "Cities in Kaluga Oblast",
"orig": "pt:Cities in Kaluga Oblast",
"parents": [
"Cities",
"Places",
"Polities",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pt",
"name": "Cities in Russia",
"orig": "pt:Cities in Russia",
"parents": [
"Cities",
"Places",
"Polities",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pt",
"name": "Places in Kaluga Oblast",
"orig": "pt:Places in Kaluga Oblast",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pt",
"name": "Places in Russia",
"orig": "pt:Places in Russia",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Kaluga (a city, the administrative center of Kaluga Oblast, Russia)"
],
"id": "en-Kaluga-pt-name-s9Jqspwf",
"links": [
[
"Kaluga",
"Kaluga#English"
],
[
"Russia",
"Russia#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "Kaluga"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "proper nouns",
"g": "?",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "Kaluga ?",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Kaluga ?",
"name": "es-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "es",
"name": "Kaluga Oblast",
"orig": "es:Kaluga Oblast",
"parents": [
"Oblasts of Russia",
"Oblasts",
"Places",
"Political subdivisions",
"Names",
"Polities",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "es",
"name": "Oblasts of Russia",
"orig": "es:Oblasts of Russia",
"parents": [
"Oblasts",
"Places",
"Political subdivisions",
"Names",
"Polities",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "es",
"name": "Places in Russia",
"orig": "es:Places in Russia",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Kaluga (an oblast of Russia)"
],
"id": "en-Kaluga-es-name-rMIwu602",
"links": [
[
"Kaluga",
"Kaluga#English"
],
[
"oblast",
"oblast"
],
[
"Russia",
"Russia#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "es",
"name": "Cities in Kaluga Oblast",
"orig": "es:Cities in Kaluga Oblast",
"parents": [
"Cities",
"Places",
"Polities",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "es",
"name": "Cities in Russia",
"orig": "es:Cities in Russia",
"parents": [
"Cities",
"Places",
"Polities",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "es",
"name": "Places in Kaluga Oblast",
"orig": "es:Places in Kaluga Oblast",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "es",
"name": "Places in Russia",
"orig": "es:Places in Russia",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Kaluga (a city, the administrative center of Kaluga Oblast, Russia)"
],
"id": "en-Kaluga-es-name-s9Jqspwf",
"links": [
[
"Kaluga",
"Kaluga#English"
],
[
"Russia",
"Russia#English"
]
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"es:Kaluga"
],
"word": "Kaluga"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Russian",
"English terms derived from Russian",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Requests for gender in Spanish entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ru",
"3": "Калу́га"
},
"expansion": "Russian Калу́га (Kalúga)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Russian Калу́га (Kalúga).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Kaluga",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Kaluga Oblast",
"en:Oblasts of Russia",
"en:Places in Russia"
],
"glosses": [
"An oblast of Russia."
],
"links": [
[
"oblast",
"oblast"
],
[
"Russia",
"Russia#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Cities in Kaluga Oblast",
"en:Cities in Russia",
"en:Places in Kaluga Oblast",
"en:Places in Russia"
],
"glosses": [
"A city, the administrative center of Kaluga Oblast, Russia."
],
"links": [
[
"Kaluga",
"Kaluga#English"
],
[
"Russia",
"Russia#English"
]
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "kalūḡā",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "كَالُوغَا"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"tags": [
"Kaluga"
],
"word": "Կալուգա"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "Kalúha",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Калу́га"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "Kalúga",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Калу́га"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"word": "卡盧加"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Kǎlújiā",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"word": "卡卢加"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"word": "Kaluga"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kalouga"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳaluga",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"word": "კალუგა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Kaluga"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kalugā",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"word": "कलुगा"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "Karūga",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"word": "カルーガ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "Kalluga",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"word": "칼루가"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "Kalúga",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Калу́га"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Kaluga"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "Kalúga",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Калу́га"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "Калуга"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "Kaluga"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"word": "Kaluga"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "Kalúha",
"sense": "city in Russia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Калу́га"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kaluga"
],
"word": "Kaluga"
}
{
"categories": [
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese feminine nouns",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese proper nouns",
"Portuguese terms spelled with K",
"Requests for gender in Spanish entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "proper noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "Kaluga f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "Kaluga f",
"name": "pt-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"pt:Kaluga Oblast",
"pt:Oblasts of Russia",
"pt:Places in Russia"
],
"glosses": [
"Kaluga (an oblast of Russia)"
],
"links": [
[
"Kaluga",
"Kaluga#English"
],
[
"oblast",
"oblast"
],
[
"Russia",
"Russia#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pt:Cities in Kaluga Oblast",
"pt:Cities in Russia",
"pt:Places in Kaluga Oblast",
"pt:Places in Russia"
],
"glosses": [
"Kaluga (a city, the administrative center of Kaluga Oblast, Russia)"
],
"links": [
[
"Kaluga",
"Kaluga#English"
],
[
"Russia",
"Russia#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "Kaluga"
}
{
"categories": [
"Requests for gender in Spanish entries",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish proper nouns",
"Spanish terms spelled with K"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "proper nouns",
"g": "?",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "Kaluga ?",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Kaluga ?",
"name": "es-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"es:Kaluga Oblast",
"es:Oblasts of Russia",
"es:Places in Russia"
],
"glosses": [
"Kaluga (an oblast of Russia)"
],
"links": [
[
"Kaluga",
"Kaluga#English"
],
[
"oblast",
"oblast"
],
[
"Russia",
"Russia#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"es:Cities in Kaluga Oblast",
"es:Cities in Russia",
"es:Places in Kaluga Oblast",
"es:Places in Russia"
],
"glosses": [
"Kaluga (a city, the administrative center of Kaluga Oblast, Russia)"
],
"links": [
[
"Kaluga",
"Kaluga#English"
],
[
"Russia",
"Russia#English"
]
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"es:Kaluga"
],
"word": "Kaluga"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.