"Cluj" meaning in All languages combined

See Cluj on Wiktionary

Proper name [English]

Etymology: Borrowed from Romanian Cluj; see below for more. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|ro|Cluj}} Romanian Cluj Head templates: {{en-prop}} Cluj
  1. (informal or historical) Cluj-Napoca, a capital city of Cluj County, Romania Tags: historical, informal Categories (place): Capital cities, Cities in Romania, Places in Romania Translations (Translations): Клуж (Kluž) [masculine] (Bulgarian), Kolozs (Hungarian), Cluj [masculine] (Romanian)
    Sense id: en-Cluj-en-name-940C589A Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 93 7 Disambiguation of 'Translations': 86 14
  2. A county of Romania Categories (place): Cluj County, Romania, Counties of Romania, Places in Romania
    Sense id: en-Cluj-en-name-jSKUfFCd

Proper name [Romanian]

IPA: /kluʒ/ Audio: Ro-Cluj.ogg Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], Cluj [accusative, indefinite, nominative, singular], un Cluj [accusative, indefinite, nominative, singular], Clujul [accusative, definite, nominative, singular], Cluj [dative, genitive, indefinite, singular], unui Cluj [dative, genitive, indefinite, singular], Clujului [dative, definite, genitive, singular], Clujule [singular, vocative]
Etymology: Compare the Hungarian name for the town, Hungarian Kolozsvár(cp. vár), and the German Klausenburg (cp. Burg). Alternative forms in older Romanian include Cluș. May be derived from a Slavic diminutive of Nicholas, compare Czech Mikluš, ultimately from Ancient Greek Νικόλαος (Nikólaos). Alternately, may be derived from Latin clausa, clusa, from clausus or clusus through an intermediate; compare the medieval Latin name for the town, Castrum Clus. See also Proto-Slavic *kľũčь (“key”). The official name of the city is Cluj-Napoca, with the name of the Roman settlement Napoca added in 1974, but this form is rarely used outside of official contexts. Etymology templates: {{cog|hu|Kolozsvár}} Hungarian Kolozsvár, {{m|hu|vár}} vár, {{cog|de|Klausenburg}} German Klausenburg, {{m|de|Burg}} Burg, {{m|ro|Cluș}} Cluș, {{der|ro|sla|-}} Slavic, {{cog|cs|Mikluš}} Czech Mikluš, {{der|ro|grc|Νικόλαος}} Ancient Greek Νικόλαος (Nikólaos), {{der|ro|la|clausa}} Latin clausa, {{m|la|clusa}} clusa, {{m|la|clausus}} clausus, {{m|la|clusus}} clusus, {{m|la|Castrum Clus}} Castrum Clus, {{cog|sla-pro|*kľũčь|t=key}} Proto-Slavic *kľũčь (“key”), {{m|ro|Cluj-Napoca}} Cluj-Napoca, {{m|ro|Napoca}} Napoca Head templates: {{head|ro|proper noun}} Cluj Inflection templates: {{ro-decl-noun-single|g=m|gpd=Clujilor|gpi=Cluji|gsd=Clujului|gsi=Cluj|n=sg|npd=Clujii|npi=Cluji|nsd=Clujul|nsi=Cluj|vp=Clujilor|vs=Clujule|vs2=}}
  1. A county of Transylvania, Romania Categories (place): Cluj County, Romania, Counties of Romania, Places in Romania
    Sense id: en-Cluj-ro-name-884P7J1h Categories (other): Romanian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Romanian entries with incorrect language header: 53 47
  2. (informal or historical) Cluj-Napoca, a capital city of Cluj County, Romania Tags: historical, informal Categories (place): Capital cities, Cities in Romania, Places in Romania Synonyms: Cluș
    Sense id: en-Cluj-ro-name-940C589A Categories (other): Romanian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Romanian entries with incorrect language header: 53 47 Related terms: Alba, Arad, Argeș, Bacău, Bihor, Bistrița-Năsăud, Botoșani, Brașov, Brăila, București, Buzău, Caraș-Severin, Călărași, Constanța, Covasna, Dâmbovița, Dolj, Galați, Giurgiu, Gorj, Harghita, Hunedoara, Ialomița, Iași, Ilfov, Maramureș, Mehedinți, Mureș, Neamț, Olt, Prahova, Satu Mare, Sălaj, Sibiu, Suceava, Teleorman, Timiș, Tulcea, Vaslui, Vâlcea, Vrancea [edit]
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms (counties of Romania): județele României
Disambiguation of 'counties of Romania': 53 47

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for Cluj meaning in All languages combined (10.7kB)

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  "etymology_text": "Compare the Hungarian name for the town, Hungarian Kolozsvár(cp. vár), and the German Klausenburg (cp. Burg). Alternative forms in older Romanian include Cluș.\nMay be derived from a Slavic diminutive of Nicholas, compare Czech Mikluš, ultimately from Ancient Greek Νικόλαος (Nikólaos).\nAlternately, may be derived from Latin clausa, clusa, from clausus or clusus through an intermediate; compare the medieval Latin name for the town, Castrum Clus. See also Proto-Slavic *kľũčь (“key”).\nThe official name of the city is Cluj-Napoca, with the name of the Roman settlement Napoca added in 1974, but this form is rarely used outside of official contexts.",
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    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
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  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "53 47",
      "sense": "counties of Romania",
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        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
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          "word": "Arad"
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          "_dis1": "0 100",
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        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
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        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
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        {
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        {
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          "word": "București"
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        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Buzău"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Caraș-Severin"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Călărași"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Constanța"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Covasna"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Dâmbovița"
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          "_dis1": "0 100",
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          "word": "Galați"
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          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Giurgiu"
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        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Gorj"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Harghita"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Hunedoara"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Ialomița"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Iași"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Ilfov"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Maramureș"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Mehedinți"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Mureș"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Neamț"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Olt"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Prahova"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Satu Mare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Sălaj"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Sibiu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Suceava"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Teleorman"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Timiș"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Tulcea"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Vaslui"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Vâlcea"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Vrancea [edit]"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "word": "Cluș"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical",
        "informal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kluʒ/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ro-Cluj.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/40/Ro-Cluj.ogg/Ro-Cluj.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/Ro-Cluj.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "ro:Cluj"
  ],
  "word": "Cluj"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English proper nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from Romanian",
    "English terms derived from Romanian",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Translation table header lacks gloss"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ro",
        "3": "Cluj"
      },
      "expansion": "Romanian Cluj",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Romanian Cluj; see below for more.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Cluj",
      "name": "en-prop"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English informal terms",
        "English terms with historical senses",
        "en:Capital cities",
        "en:Cities in Romania",
        "en:Places in Romania"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Cluj-Napoca, a capital city of Cluj County, Romania"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Cluj-Napoca",
          "Cluj-Napoca"
        ],
        [
          "capital city",
          "capital city"
        ],
        [
          "Cluj County",
          "Cluj County#English"
        ],
        [
          "Romania",
          "Romania#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(informal or historical) Cluj-Napoca, a capital city of Cluj County, Romania"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Cluj County, Romania",
        "en:Counties of Romania",
        "en:Places in Romania"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A county of Romania"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Romania",
          "Romania#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "Kluž",
      "sense": "Translations",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Клуж"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "Translations",
      "word": "Kolozs"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "Translations",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Cluj"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Cluj"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Romanian lemmas",
    "Romanian proper nouns",
    "Romanian terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "Romanian terms derived from Latin",
    "Romanian terms derived from Slavic languages",
    "Romanian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Romanian terms with audio links"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hu",
        "2": "Kolozsvár"
      },
      "expansion": "Hungarian Kolozsvár",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hu",
        "2": "vár"
      },
      "expansion": "vár",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Klausenburg"
      },
      "expansion": "German Klausenburg",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Burg"
      },
      "expansion": "Burg",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "Cluș"
      },
      "expansion": "Cluș",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "sla",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Slavic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "Mikluš"
      },
      "expansion": "Czech Mikluš",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "Νικόλαος"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek Νικόλαος (Nikólaos)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "clausa"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin clausa",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "clusa"
      },
      "expansion": "clusa",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "clausus"
      },
      "expansion": "clausus",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "clusus"
      },
      "expansion": "clusus",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "Castrum Clus"
      },
      "expansion": "Castrum Clus",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*kľũčь",
        "t": "key"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kľũčь (“key”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "Cluj-Napoca"
      },
      "expansion": "Cluj-Napoca",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "Napoca"
      },
      "expansion": "Napoca",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compare the Hungarian name for the town, Hungarian Kolozsvár(cp. vár), and the German Klausenburg (cp. Burg). Alternative forms in older Romanian include Cluș.\nMay be derived from a Slavic diminutive of Nicholas, compare Czech Mikluš, ultimately from Ancient Greek Νικόλαος (Nikólaos).\nAlternately, may be derived from Latin clausa, clusa, from clausus or clusus through an intermediate; compare the medieval Latin name for the town, Castrum Clus. See also Proto-Slavic *kľũčь (“key”).\nThe official name of the city is Cluj-Napoca, with the name of the Roman settlement Napoca added in 1974, but this form is rarely used outside of official contexts.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro-noun-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cluj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "un Cluj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Clujul",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Cluj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "unui Cluj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Clujului",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Clujule",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "proper noun"
      },
      "expansion": "Cluj",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "m",
        "gpd": "Clujilor",
        "gpi": "Cluji",
        "gsd": "Clujului",
        "gsi": "Cluj",
        "n": "sg",
        "npd": "Clujii",
        "npi": "Cluji",
        "nsd": "Clujul",
        "nsi": "Cluj",
        "vp": "Clujilor",
        "vs": "Clujule",
        "vs2": ""
      },
      "name": "ro-decl-noun-single"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "name",
  "related": [
    {
      "sense": "counties of Romania",
      "word": "județele României"
    },
    {
      "word": "Alba"
    },
    {
      "word": "Arad"
    },
    {
      "word": "Argeș"
    },
    {
      "word": "Bacău"
    },
    {
      "word": "Bihor"
    },
    {
      "word": "Bistrița-Năsăud"
    },
    {
      "word": "Botoșani"
    },
    {
      "word": "Brașov"
    },
    {
      "word": "Brăila"
    },
    {
      "word": "București"
    },
    {
      "word": "Buzău"
    },
    {
      "word": "Caraș-Severin"
    },
    {
      "word": "Călărași"
    },
    {
      "word": "Constanța"
    },
    {
      "word": "Covasna"
    },
    {
      "word": "Dâmbovița"
    },
    {
      "word": "Dolj"
    },
    {
      "word": "Galați"
    },
    {
      "word": "Giurgiu"
    },
    {
      "word": "Gorj"
    },
    {
      "word": "Harghita"
    },
    {
      "word": "Hunedoara"
    },
    {
      "word": "Ialomița"
    },
    {
      "word": "Iași"
    },
    {
      "word": "Ilfov"
    },
    {
      "word": "Maramureș"
    },
    {
      "word": "Mehedinți"
    },
    {
      "word": "Mureș"
    },
    {
      "word": "Neamț"
    },
    {
      "word": "Olt"
    },
    {
      "word": "Prahova"
    },
    {
      "word": "Satu Mare"
    },
    {
      "word": "Sălaj"
    },
    {
      "word": "Sibiu"
    },
    {
      "word": "Suceava"
    },
    {
      "word": "Teleorman"
    },
    {
      "word": "Timiș"
    },
    {
      "word": "Tulcea"
    },
    {
      "word": "Vaslui"
    },
    {
      "word": "Vâlcea"
    },
    {
      "word": "Vrancea [edit]"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "ro:Cluj County, Romania",
        "ro:Counties of Romania",
        "ro:Places in Romania"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A county of Transylvania, Romania"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Transylvania",
          "Transylvania#English"
        ],
        [
          "Romania",
          "Romania#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Romanian informal terms",
        "Romanian terms with historical senses",
        "ro:Capital cities",
        "ro:Cities in Romania",
        "ro:Places in Romania"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Cluj-Napoca, a capital city of Cluj County, Romania"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Cluj-Napoca",
          "Cluj-Napoca"
        ],
        [
          "capital city",
          "capital city"
        ],
        [
          "Cluj County",
          "Cluj County#English"
        ],
        [
          "Romania",
          "Romania#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(informal or historical) Cluj-Napoca, a capital city of Cluj County, Romania"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical",
        "informal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kluʒ/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ro-Cluj.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/40/Ro-Cluj.ogg/Ro-Cluj.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/Ro-Cluj.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "Cluș"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "ro:Cluj"
  ],
  "word": "Cluj"
}
{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Romanian]; cleaned text: m gender",
  "path": [
    "Cluj"
  ],
  "section": "Romanian",
  "subsection": "proper noun",
  "title": "Cluj",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (4d5d0bb and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.