See Cluj in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "Kolozsvár"
},
"expansion": "Hungarian Kolozsvár",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Klausenburg"
},
"expansion": "German Klausenburg",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "sla",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "Mikluš"
},
"expansion": "Czech Mikluš",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "grc",
"3": "Νικόλαος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek Νικόλαος (Nikólaos)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la",
"3": "clausa"
},
"expansion": "Latin clausa",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kľũčь",
"t": "key"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kľũčь (“key”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare the Hungarian name for the town, Hungarian Kolozsvár (cp.vár), and the German Klausenburg (cp. Burg). Alternative forms in older Romanian include Cluș.\nMay be derived from a Slavic diminutive of Nicholas, compare Czech Mikluš, ultimately from Ancient Greek Νικόλαος (Nikólaos).\nAlternately, may be derived from Latin clausa, clusa, from clausus or clusus through an intermediate; compare the medieval Latin name for the town, Castrum Clus. See also Proto-Slavic *kľũčь (“key”).\nThe official name of the city is Cluj-Napoca, with the name of the Roman settlement Napoca added in 1974, but this form is rarely used outside of official contexts.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Cluj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "Clujul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cluj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "Clujului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "Clujule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "Cluj",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"gpd": "Clujilor",
"gpi": "Cluji",
"gsd": "Clujului",
"gsi": "Cluj",
"n": "sg",
"npd": "Clujii",
"npi": "Cluji",
"nsd": "Clujul",
"nsi": "Cluj",
"vp": "Clujilor",
"vs": "Clujule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun-single"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"sense": "counties of Romania",
"word": "județele României"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "ro",
"name": "Cluj County, Romania",
"orig": "ro:Cluj County, Romania",
"parents": [
"Romania",
"Europe",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "ro",
"name": "Counties of Romania",
"orig": "ro:Counties of Romania",
"parents": [
"Counties",
"Places",
"Political subdivisions",
"Names",
"Polities",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "ro",
"name": "Places in Romania",
"orig": "ro:Places in Romania",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A county of Transylvania, Romania"
],
"id": "en-Cluj-ro-name-884P7J1h",
"links": [
[
"Transylvania",
"Transylvania#English"
],
[
"Romania",
"Romania#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "ro",
"name": "Capital cities",
"orig": "ro:Capital cities",
"parents": [
"Cities",
"Polities",
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "ro",
"name": "Cities in Romania",
"orig": "ro:Cities in Romania",
"parents": [
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"Places",
"Polities",
"Names",
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"Terms by semantic function",
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"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "ro",
"name": "Places in Romania",
"orig": "ro:Places in Romania",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Cluj-Napoca, a capital city of Cluj County, Romania"
],
"id": "en-Cluj-ro-name-940C589A",
"links": [
[
"Cluj-Napoca",
"Cluj-Napoca"
],
[
"capital city",
"capital city"
],
[
"Cluj County",
"Cluj County#English"
],
[
"Romania",
"Romania#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal or historical) Cluj-Napoca, a capital city of Cluj County, Romania"
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Alba"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Arad"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Argeș"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Bacău"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Bihor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Bistrița-Năsăud"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Botoșani"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Brașov"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Brăila"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "București"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Buzău"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Caraș-Severin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Călărași"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Constanța"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Covasna"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Dâmbovița"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Dolj"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Galați"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Giurgiu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Gorj"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Harghita"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Hunedoara"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Ialomița"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Iași"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Ilfov"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Maramureș"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Mehedinți"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Mureș"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Neamț"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Olt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Prahova"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Satu Mare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Sălaj"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Sibiu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Suceava"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Teleorman"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Timiș"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Tulcea"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Vaslui"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Vâlcea"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Vrancea [edit]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Cluș"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kluʒ/"
},
{
"audio": "Ro-Cluj.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/40/Ro-Cluj.ogg/Ro-Cluj.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/Ro-Cluj.ogg"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ro:Cluj"
],
"word": "Cluj"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian proper nouns",
"Romanian terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Romanian terms derived from Latin",
"Romanian terms derived from Slavic languages"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "Kolozsvár"
},
"expansion": "Hungarian Kolozsvár",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Klausenburg"
},
"expansion": "German Klausenburg",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "sla",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "Mikluš"
},
"expansion": "Czech Mikluš",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "grc",
"3": "Νικόλαος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek Νικόλαος (Nikólaos)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la",
"3": "clausa"
},
"expansion": "Latin clausa",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kľũčь",
"t": "key"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kľũčь (“key”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare the Hungarian name for the town, Hungarian Kolozsvár (cp.vár), and the German Klausenburg (cp. Burg). Alternative forms in older Romanian include Cluș.\nMay be derived from a Slavic diminutive of Nicholas, compare Czech Mikluš, ultimately from Ancient Greek Νικόλαος (Nikólaos).\nAlternately, may be derived from Latin clausa, clusa, from clausus or clusus through an intermediate; compare the medieval Latin name for the town, Castrum Clus. See also Proto-Slavic *kľũčь (“key”).\nThe official name of the city is Cluj-Napoca, with the name of the Roman settlement Napoca added in 1974, but this form is rarely used outside of official contexts.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Cluj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "Clujul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cluj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "Clujului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "Clujule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "Cluj",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"gpd": "Clujilor",
"gpi": "Cluji",
"gsd": "Clujului",
"gsi": "Cluj",
"n": "sg",
"npd": "Clujii",
"npi": "Cluji",
"nsd": "Clujul",
"nsi": "Cluj",
"vp": "Clujilor",
"vs": "Clujule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun-single"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"sense": "counties of Romania",
"word": "județele României"
},
{
"word": "Alba"
},
{
"word": "Arad"
},
{
"word": "Argeș"
},
{
"word": "Bacău"
},
{
"word": "Bihor"
},
{
"word": "Bistrița-Năsăud"
},
{
"word": "Botoșani"
},
{
"word": "Brașov"
},
{
"word": "Brăila"
},
{
"word": "București"
},
{
"word": "Buzău"
},
{
"word": "Caraș-Severin"
},
{
"word": "Călărași"
},
{
"word": "Constanța"
},
{
"word": "Covasna"
},
{
"word": "Dâmbovița"
},
{
"word": "Dolj"
},
{
"word": "Galați"
},
{
"word": "Giurgiu"
},
{
"word": "Gorj"
},
{
"word": "Harghita"
},
{
"word": "Hunedoara"
},
{
"word": "Ialomița"
},
{
"word": "Iași"
},
{
"word": "Ilfov"
},
{
"word": "Maramureș"
},
{
"word": "Mehedinți"
},
{
"word": "Mureș"
},
{
"word": "Neamț"
},
{
"word": "Olt"
},
{
"word": "Prahova"
},
{
"word": "Satu Mare"
},
{
"word": "Sălaj"
},
{
"word": "Sibiu"
},
{
"word": "Suceava"
},
{
"word": "Teleorman"
},
{
"word": "Timiș"
},
{
"word": "Tulcea"
},
{
"word": "Vaslui"
},
{
"word": "Vâlcea"
},
{
"word": "Vrancea [edit]"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"ro:Cluj County, Romania",
"ro:Counties of Romania",
"ro:Places in Romania"
],
"glosses": [
"A county of Transylvania, Romania"
],
"links": [
[
"Transylvania",
"Transylvania#English"
],
[
"Romania",
"Romania#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Romanian informal terms",
"Romanian terms with historical senses",
"ro:Capital cities",
"ro:Cities in Romania",
"ro:Places in Romania"
],
"glosses": [
"Cluj-Napoca, a capital city of Cluj County, Romania"
],
"links": [
[
"Cluj-Napoca",
"Cluj-Napoca"
],
[
"capital city",
"capital city"
],
[
"Cluj County",
"Cluj County#English"
],
[
"Romania",
"Romania#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal or historical) Cluj-Napoca, a capital city of Cluj County, Romania"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kluʒ/"
},
{
"audio": "Ro-Cluj.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/40/Ro-Cluj.ogg/Ro-Cluj.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/Ro-Cluj.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Cluș"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ro:Cluj"
],
"word": "Cluj"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Cluj meaning in Romanian (4.7kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive-dative'",
"path": [
"Cluj"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Cluj",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Romanian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.