See 바닥 on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jje",
"2": "okm",
"3": "바다ᇰ〮"
},
"expansion": "Middle Korean 바다ᇰ〮 (pàtáng)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "바닥"
},
"expansion": "Korean 바닥 (badak)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Korean 바다ᇰ〮 (pàtáng). Cognate to Korean 바닥 (badak)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "badak",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jje",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "바닥 (badak)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Jeju",
"lang_code": "jje",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Jeju entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Jeju links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 6 24 4 3 2 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 4 31 3 2 2 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bottom, floor"
],
"id": "en-바닥-jje-noun-SyMpueaj",
"links": [
[
"bottom",
"bottom"
],
[
"floor",
"floor"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pa̠da̠k̚]",
"note": "Jeju City"
},
{
"hangeul": "바닥"
},
{
"other": "[바닥]"
}
],
"word": "바닥"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "to be stuck in poverty or difficulty; to scratch the bottom",
"roman": "badageul geukda",
"tags": [
"literally"
],
"word": "바닥을 긁다"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "to be terrible (of scores, grades, etc.); to crawl the bottom",
"roman": "badageul gida",
"tags": [
"literally"
],
"word": "바닥을 기다"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "to put at end to things; to see the bottom",
"roman": "badageul boda",
"tags": [
"literally"
],
"word": "바닥을 보다"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "to deplete; to empty the bottom",
"roman": "badageul biuda",
"tags": [
"literally"
],
"word": "바닥을 비우다"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "to mine a specific place for ore; to examine the bottom",
"roman": "badageul jipda",
"tags": [
"literally"
],
"word": "바닥을 짚다"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "to hit rock bottom; to strike the bottom",
"roman": "badageul chida",
"tags": [
"literally"
],
"word": "바닥을 치다"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "to be depleted; for the bottom to be revealed",
"roman": "badagi deureonada",
"tags": [
"literally"
],
"word": "바닥이 드러나다"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "bottom of the road",
"roman": "gilbadak",
"word": "길바닥"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "back of the sole",
"roman": "dwitbadak",
"word": "뒷바닥"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "ground",
"roman": "ttangbadak",
"word": "땅바닥"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "bare floor",
"roman": "maenbadak",
"word": "맨바닥"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "sand field",
"roman": "moraetbadak",
"word": "모랫바닥"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "bottom",
"roman": "mitbadak",
"word": "밑바닥"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "to become depleted; for the bottom to appear",
"roman": "badangnada",
"tags": [
"literally"
],
"word": "바닥나다"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "sole",
"roman": "balbadak",
"word": "발바닥"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "floor",
"roman": "bangbadak",
"word": "방바닥"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "palm",
"roman": "sonbadak",
"word": "손바닥"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "bottom",
"roman": "araetbadak",
"word": "아랫바닥"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "marketplace",
"roman": "jangbadak",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "장바닥"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "surface of the tongue",
"roman": "hyeotbadak",
"word": "혓바닥"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ss",
"2": "바다ᇰ〮",
"3": "pàtáng"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 바다ᇰ〮 (Yale: pàtáng).",
"name": "ko-etym-native"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/k~ŋ~j~h/"
},
"expansion": "/k~ŋ~j~h/",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*/-k/"
},
"expansion": "*/-k/",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mnc",
"2": "ᡶᠠᡨᠠᠨ",
"t": "sole of the foot"
},
"expansion": "Manchu ᡶᠠᡨᠠᠨ (fatan, “sole of the foot”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 바다ᇰ〮 (Yale: pàtáng). In the Early Modern era, the form was supplanted by modern 바닥 (badak), which may originally have been dialectal; Korean dialects often variably have coda /k~ŋ~j~h/, probably from ancestral */-k/.\n바다 (bada, “sea, ocean”) may originally have been a semantic extension of this word. Beyond Koreanic, probably related to Manchu ᡶᠠᡨᠠᠨ (fatan, “sole of the foot”), which is quite possibly a Korean borrowing into Jurchen or Manchu given the apparent lack of clear Tungusic cognates.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "badak",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "바닥 • (badak)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "30 1 44 3 3 2 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Early Modern Korean links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 1 43 3 5 2 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Early Modern Korean terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 1 43 2 3 2 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Korean links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 1 43 3 3 2 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 1 44 2 3 2 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Korean links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 59 3 4 4 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 60 5 5 5 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 45 8 11 5 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with dialectal pitch accent marked",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 50 5 11 5 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 39 6 7 7 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 58 4 5 4 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 24 28 20 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Native Korean words",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "bottom of the shoes, sole of the shoes",
"roman": "sinbal badak",
"text": "신발 바닥",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "surface of the tongue",
"roman": "hyeotbadak",
"text": "혓바닥",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "for the book to fall to the floor",
"roman": "chaeg-i badag-e tteoreojida",
"text": "책이 바닥에 떨어지다",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "as I wander about in the midst of the snow, wearing shoes that have no soles",
"ref": "1704 (publ. 1721), 洪啓英/홍계영, “喜雪 / 희설”, in 觀水齋遺稿 / 관수재유고:",
"roman": "badak eopseun sin-eul sin'go syeolli-ui baehoehani […]",
"text": "바닥 업슨 신을 신고 雪(셜)裏(리)의 徘(ᄇᆡ)徊(회)ᄒᆞ니[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Mother-in-law, do not stamp your feet against the bottom of the wall out of how terrible your daughter-in-law is.",
"ref": "c. 1790, 樂學拾零 (Akhak Seumnyeong) [Tidbits of the Musical Sciences]:",
"roman": "suieomanim myeoneuri natba byeokbadag-eul guroji mao",
"text": "싀어마님 며ᄂᆞ리 낫바 벽바닥을 구로지 마오",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "When it is night, at every night, let me polish my mirror with my palms and my soles.",
"ref": "1942 (publ. 1948), Yun Dong-ju, “참회록 [chamhoerok]”, in 하늘과 바람과 별과 시 [haneulgwa baramgwa byeolgwa si, Sky, Wind, and Stars]:",
"roman": "chamhoerok",
"text": "밤이면 밤마다 나의 거울을 손바닥으로 발바닥으로 닦아 보자.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "He testified that the wallet had fallen to the floor, and that it went under the chair when he tried to pick it up, so he just left the bus.",
"ref": "2021, “버스서 5만원 든 지갑주운 20대... CCTV 덕에 무죄 [beoseuseo 5manwon deun jigapjuun 20dae... CCTV deoge mujoe, Man in 20s picks up wallet with 50k\\ bills in bus, found innocent thanks to security camera]”, in The Chosun Ilbo:",
"roman": "beoseuseo 5manwon deun jigapjuun 20dae... CCTV deoge mujoe",
"text": "지갑이 바닥에 떨어졌고, 지갑을 주우려고 하다 의자 밑으로 들어가는 바람에 그냥 버스에서 내렸다고 진술했다.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"floor; bottom; a flat and usually low surface of a space or object"
],
"id": "en-바닥-ko-noun-WLWtznQH",
"links": [
[
"floor",
"floor"
],
[
"bottom",
"bottom"
],
[
"flat",
"flat"
],
[
"low",
"low"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"space",
"space"
],
[
"object",
"object"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 20 30 17 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean counters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 24 28 20 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Native Korean words",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rock bottom"
],
"id": "en-바닥-ko-noun-Zhv9AQuu",
"links": [
[
"rock bottom",
"rock bottom"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) rock bottom"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 24 28 20 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Native Korean words",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Seoul; the area of Seoul",
"roman": "Seoul badak",
"text": "서울 바닥",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"area, region"
],
"id": "en-바닥-ko-noun-Mz5b-7g-",
"links": [
[
"area",
"area"
],
[
"region",
"region"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) area, region"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 24 28 20 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Native Korean words",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the weave of fabric"
],
"id": "en-바닥-ko-noun-oRSG9WZN",
"links": [
[
"weave",
"weave"
],
[
"fabric",
"fabric"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncommon) the weave of fabric"
],
"tags": [
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pɐdɐk̚]"
},
{
"ipa": "[pa̠da̠k̚]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "바닥"
},
{
"other": "[바닥]"
}
],
"word": "바닥"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ss",
"2": "바다ᇰ〮",
"3": "pàtáng"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 바다ᇰ〮 (Yale: pàtáng).",
"name": "ko-etym-native"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/k~ŋ~j~h/"
},
"expansion": "/k~ŋ~j~h/",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*/-k/"
},
"expansion": "*/-k/",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mnc",
"2": "ᡶᠠᡨᠠᠨ",
"t": "sole of the foot"
},
"expansion": "Manchu ᡶᠠᡨᠠᠨ (fatan, “sole of the foot”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 바다ᇰ〮 (Yale: pàtáng). In the Early Modern era, the form was supplanted by modern 바닥 (badak), which may originally have been dialectal; Korean dialects often variably have coda /k~ŋ~j~h/, probably from ancestral */-k/.\n바다 (bada, “sea, ocean”) may originally have been a semantic extension of this word. Beyond Koreanic, probably related to Manchu ᡶᠠᡨᠠᠨ (fatan, “sole of the foot”), which is quite possibly a Korean borrowing into Jurchen or Manchu given the apparent lack of clear Tungusic cognates.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "badak",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "counter"
},
"expansion": "바닥 • (badak)",
"name": "ko-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "counter",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gyeongsang Korean",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a page of a book",
"roman": "chaek han badak",
"text": "책 한 바닥",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"page of paper"
],
"id": "en-바닥-ko-counter-E4U4X2nR",
"links": [
[
"page",
"page"
],
[
"paper",
"paper"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(southeastern Gyeongsang) page of paper"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "쪽"
},
{
"word": "페이지"
}
],
"tags": [
"Gyeongsang",
"Southeastern"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pɐdɐk̚]"
},
{
"ipa": "[pa̠da̠k̚]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "바닥"
},
{
"other": "[바닥]"
}
],
"word": "바닥"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "See the main entry at 바다 (bada). Probably the most conservative form of this word.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "badak",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "바닥 • (badak)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gyeongsang Korean",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Jeolla Korean",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 39 6 7 7 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "bada, “sea; ocean”",
"word": "바다"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Dialectal form of 바다 (bada, “sea; ocean”)."
],
"id": "en-바닥-ko-noun-NaAoyRe7",
"links": [
[
"바다",
"바다#Korean"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(southern Gyeongsang, southern Jeolla dialect) Dialectal form of 바다 (bada, “sea; ocean”)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "bada",
"word": "바ᄅᆞᆯ〮LEANLEANEarly Modern Seoul Korean바다LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "bada",
"word": "바닿LEANLEANCentral KoreanGyeonggiModern colloquial Seoul바다LEANLEANKaesong바다LEANLEANChangpung바다LEANLEANYeoncheon바다LEANLEANYongin바대LEANLEANYeongseoKosan바다LEANLEANYeongdongGangneung바다LEANLEANWonsan바다LEANLEANKumya바다LEANLEANMunchon바다LEANLEANAnbyeon바다LEANLEANYangyang바다LEANLEANSamcheok바다LEANLEANNorth ChungcheongCheongju바다LEANLEANChungju바다LEANLEANDanyang바다LEANLEANBoeun바다LEANLEANYeongdong바다LEANLEANSouth ChungcheongCheonan바다LEANLEANHongseong바다LEANLEANGongju바다LEANLEANSeocheon바다LEANLEANNonsan바다LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "bada",
"word": "바대LEANLEANSouth HwanghaeHaeju바다LEANLEANOngjin바다LEANLEANYonan바다LEANLEANTaetan바다LEANLEANChaeryong바다LEANLEANChangyon바다LEANLEANUnnyul바다LEANLEANNorth HwanghaeHwangju바다LEANLEANSohung바다LEANLEANKumchon바다LEANLEANSingye바다LEANLEANSuan바다LEANLEANYonsan바다LEANLEANGyeongsang KoreanNorth GyeongsangDaegu'바다LEANLEANUljin'바다LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "bada",
"word": "'바닥LEANLEANYecheon'바다LEANLEANAndong'바다LEANLEANUiseong'바다LEANLEANCheongsong'바다LEANLEANYeongdeok'바다LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "bada",
"word": "'바닥LEANLEANGimcheon'바다LEANLEANPohang'바다LEANLEANYeongcheon'바다LEANLEANGoryeong'바다LEANLEANSouth GyeongsangBusan'바다LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "bada",
"word": "바당LEANLEANUlsan'바다LEANLEANChangwon'바다LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "bada",
"word": "'바당LEANLEANGeochang'바다LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "badae",
"word": "바닥LEANLEANHapcheon'바다LEANLEANChangnyeong'바대LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "bada",
"word": "바당LEANLEANHamyang'바다LEANLEANHadong바닥LEANLEANJinju'바다LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "badang",
"word": "'바당LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "bada",
"word": "바닥LEANLEANHaman바닥LEANLEANGimhae'바다LEANLEANYangsan'바다LEANLEANSacheon바닥LEANLEANGoseong바닥LEANLEANNamhae'바다LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "bada",
"word": "바닥LEANLEANTongyeong'바다LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "bádàng",
"word": "바당LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "bádàng",
"word": "바닥LEANLEANGeoje바당LEANLEAN"
},
{
"english": "bade; bade; bade; bade; bade; bade",
"roman": "badak",
"word": "바닥LEANLEANJeolla KoreanNorth JeollaJeonju바대LEANLEANJinan바대LEANLEANMuju바대LEANLEANGimje바대LEANLEANJeongeup바대LEANLEANImsil바대LEANLEANJangsu바대LEANLEANSunchang바대LEANLEANNamwon바대LEANLEANSouth JeollaGwangju바다LEANLEANYeonggwang바대LEANLEANJangseong바대LEANLEANDamyang바대LEANLEANGokseong바대LEANLEANGurye바대LEANLEANHampyeong바대LEANLEANSinan바닥LEANLEANMokpo바닥LEANLEANNaju바대LEANLEAN"
},
{
"english": "bade; bade",
"roman": "badak",
"word": "바다LEANLEANSuncheon바다LEANLEANGwangyang바대LEANLEANYeongam바대LEANLEANJindo바닥LEANLEANHaenam바대LEANLEAN"
},
{
"english": "bade",
"roman": "badak",
"word": "바닥LEANLEANGangjin바대LEANLEANWando바닥LEANLEAN"
},
{
"english": "bade",
"roman": "badak",
"tags": [
"uncommon"
],
"word": "바탕LEANLEANJangheung바대LEANLEANBoseong바대LEANLEANGoheung바닥LEANLEANYeosu바닥LEANLEAN"
},
{
"english": "ba dang; ba dang; ba dang",
"roman": "badang",
"word": "바당LEANLEANPyongan KoreanSouth PyonganPyongyang바다LEANLEANNorth PyonganPakchon바다LEANLEANNyongbyon바다LEANLEANKusong바다LEANLEANHuichon바다LEANLEANKanggye바다LEANLEANChasong바다LEANLEANHamgyong KoreanSouth HamgyongHamhung바'다LEANLEANChongpyong바'다LEANLEANYonggwang바'다LEANLEANSinhung바'다LEANLEANHongwon바'다LEANLEANPukchong바'다LEANLEANTanchon바'당LEANLEANNorth HamgyongChongjin바'다LEANLEANKimchaek바'다LEANLEANKilju바'당LEANLEANMyongchon바'다LEANLEANKyongsong바'다LEANLEANPuryong바'다LEANLEANMusan바'당LEANLEANHyesan바'다LEANLEANKapsan바'다LEANLEANPungso바'다LEANLEANKimhyongjik바'다LEANLEANYukjin KoreanYukjinKyonghung바다LEANLEANHoeryong바당LEANLEANOnsong바다LEANLEANKyongwon바당LEANLEANDiasporaHunchun바다LEANLEANJejuJeju City바당LEAN"
},
{
"roman": "badang",
"word": "와당LEANDaejeong바당LEAN"
},
{
"roman": "wadang",
"word": "와당LEAN"
},
{
"roman": "badang",
"word": "바릇LEANGujwa바당LEAN"
},
{
"roman": "badang",
"word": "와당LEANSeogwipo바당LEAN"
},
{
"roman": "bareut",
"word": "바릇LEANNote: Jeolla and Gyeongsang speakers may prefer to use words for 'beach'"
},
{
"word": "'seashore' in contexts where Seoul speakers would use 바다.This table is an amalgamation of surveys of speakers mostly born before 1950 and may not reflect the language of younger speakers"
},
{
"word": "which has lexically converged towards the standard Seoul dialect in both North and South Koreas"
}
],
"tags": [
"Gyeongsang",
"Jeolla",
"Southern",
"dialectal",
"form-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pɐdɐk̚]"
},
{
"ipa": "[pa̠da̠k̚]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "바닥"
},
{
"other": "[바닥]"
}
],
"word": "바닥"
}
{
"categories": [
"Early Modern Korean links with redundant alt parameters",
"Early Modern Korean terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Jeju links with redundant alt parameters",
"Middle Korean links with redundant alt parameters",
"Middle Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
"Old Korean links with redundant alt parameters",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jje",
"2": "okm",
"3": "바다ᇰ〮"
},
"expansion": "Middle Korean 바다ᇰ〮 (pàtáng)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "바닥"
},
"expansion": "Korean 바닥 (badak)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Korean 바다ᇰ〮 (pàtáng). Cognate to Korean 바닥 (badak)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "badak",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jje",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "바닥 (badak)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Jeju",
"lang_code": "jje",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Jeju entries with incorrect language header",
"Jeju lemmas",
"Jeju nouns",
"Jeju terms derived from Middle Korean",
"Jeju terms inherited from Middle Korean",
"Jeju terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"bottom, floor"
],
"links": [
[
"bottom",
"bottom"
],
[
"floor",
"floor"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pa̠da̠k̚]",
"note": "Jeju City"
},
{
"hangeul": "바닥"
},
{
"other": "[바닥]"
}
],
"word": "바닥"
}
{
"categories": [
"Early Modern Korean links with redundant alt parameters",
"Early Modern Korean terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Korean counters",
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean links with redundant alt parameters",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean terms derived from Middle Korean",
"Korean terms inherited from Middle Korean",
"Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Korean terms with dialectal pitch accent marked",
"Korean terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
"Middle Korean links with redundant alt parameters",
"Middle Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
"Native Korean words",
"Old Korean links with redundant alt parameters",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to be stuck in poverty or difficulty; to scratch the bottom",
"roman": "badageul geukda",
"tags": [
"literally"
],
"word": "바닥을 긁다"
},
{
"english": "to be terrible (of scores, grades, etc.); to crawl the bottom",
"roman": "badageul gida",
"tags": [
"literally"
],
"word": "바닥을 기다"
},
{
"english": "to put at end to things; to see the bottom",
"roman": "badageul boda",
"tags": [
"literally"
],
"word": "바닥을 보다"
},
{
"english": "to deplete; to empty the bottom",
"roman": "badageul biuda",
"tags": [
"literally"
],
"word": "바닥을 비우다"
},
{
"english": "to mine a specific place for ore; to examine the bottom",
"roman": "badageul jipda",
"tags": [
"literally"
],
"word": "바닥을 짚다"
},
{
"english": "to hit rock bottom; to strike the bottom",
"roman": "badageul chida",
"tags": [
"literally"
],
"word": "바닥을 치다"
},
{
"english": "to be depleted; for the bottom to be revealed",
"roman": "badagi deureonada",
"tags": [
"literally"
],
"word": "바닥이 드러나다"
},
{
"english": "bottom of the road",
"roman": "gilbadak",
"word": "길바닥"
},
{
"english": "back of the sole",
"roman": "dwitbadak",
"word": "뒷바닥"
},
{
"english": "ground",
"roman": "ttangbadak",
"word": "땅바닥"
},
{
"english": "bare floor",
"roman": "maenbadak",
"word": "맨바닥"
},
{
"english": "sand field",
"roman": "moraetbadak",
"word": "모랫바닥"
},
{
"english": "bottom",
"roman": "mitbadak",
"word": "밑바닥"
},
{
"english": "to become depleted; for the bottom to appear",
"roman": "badangnada",
"tags": [
"literally"
],
"word": "바닥나다"
},
{
"english": "sole",
"roman": "balbadak",
"word": "발바닥"
},
{
"english": "floor",
"roman": "bangbadak",
"word": "방바닥"
},
{
"english": "palm",
"roman": "sonbadak",
"word": "손바닥"
},
{
"english": "bottom",
"roman": "araetbadak",
"word": "아랫바닥"
},
{
"english": "marketplace",
"roman": "jangbadak",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "장바닥"
},
{
"english": "surface of the tongue",
"roman": "hyeotbadak",
"word": "혓바닥"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ss",
"2": "바다ᇰ〮",
"3": "pàtáng"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 바다ᇰ〮 (Yale: pàtáng).",
"name": "ko-etym-native"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/k~ŋ~j~h/"
},
"expansion": "/k~ŋ~j~h/",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*/-k/"
},
"expansion": "*/-k/",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mnc",
"2": "ᡶᠠᡨᠠᠨ",
"t": "sole of the foot"
},
"expansion": "Manchu ᡶᠠᡨᠠᠨ (fatan, “sole of the foot”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 바다ᇰ〮 (Yale: pàtáng). In the Early Modern era, the form was supplanted by modern 바닥 (badak), which may originally have been dialectal; Korean dialects often variably have coda /k~ŋ~j~h/, probably from ancestral */-k/.\n바다 (bada, “sea, ocean”) may originally have been a semantic extension of this word. Beyond Koreanic, probably related to Manchu ᡶᠠᡨᠠᠨ (fatan, “sole of the foot”), which is quite possibly a Korean borrowing into Jurchen or Manchu given the apparent lack of clear Tungusic cognates.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "badak",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "바닥 • (badak)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean links with redundant wikilinks",
"Korean terms with quotations",
"Korean terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "bottom of the shoes, sole of the shoes",
"roman": "sinbal badak",
"text": "신발 바닥",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "surface of the tongue",
"roman": "hyeotbadak",
"text": "혓바닥",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "for the book to fall to the floor",
"roman": "chaeg-i badag-e tteoreojida",
"text": "책이 바닥에 떨어지다",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "as I wander about in the midst of the snow, wearing shoes that have no soles",
"ref": "1704 (publ. 1721), 洪啓英/홍계영, “喜雪 / 희설”, in 觀水齋遺稿 / 관수재유고:",
"roman": "badak eopseun sin-eul sin'go syeolli-ui baehoehani […]",
"text": "바닥 업슨 신을 신고 雪(셜)裏(리)의 徘(ᄇᆡ)徊(회)ᄒᆞ니[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Mother-in-law, do not stamp your feet against the bottom of the wall out of how terrible your daughter-in-law is.",
"ref": "c. 1790, 樂學拾零 (Akhak Seumnyeong) [Tidbits of the Musical Sciences]:",
"roman": "suieomanim myeoneuri natba byeokbadag-eul guroji mao",
"text": "싀어마님 며ᄂᆞ리 낫바 벽바닥을 구로지 마오",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "When it is night, at every night, let me polish my mirror with my palms and my soles.",
"ref": "1942 (publ. 1948), Yun Dong-ju, “참회록 [chamhoerok]”, in 하늘과 바람과 별과 시 [haneulgwa baramgwa byeolgwa si, Sky, Wind, and Stars]:",
"roman": "chamhoerok",
"text": "밤이면 밤마다 나의 거울을 손바닥으로 발바닥으로 닦아 보자.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "He testified that the wallet had fallen to the floor, and that it went under the chair when he tried to pick it up, so he just left the bus.",
"ref": "2021, “버스서 5만원 든 지갑주운 20대... CCTV 덕에 무죄 [beoseuseo 5manwon deun jigapjuun 20dae... CCTV deoge mujoe, Man in 20s picks up wallet with 50k\\ bills in bus, found innocent thanks to security camera]”, in The Chosun Ilbo:",
"roman": "beoseuseo 5manwon deun jigapjuun 20dae... CCTV deoge mujoe",
"text": "지갑이 바닥에 떨어졌고, 지갑을 주우려고 하다 의자 밑으로 들어가는 바람에 그냥 버스에서 내렸다고 진술했다.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"floor; bottom; a flat and usually low surface of a space or object"
],
"links": [
[
"floor",
"floor"
],
[
"bottom",
"bottom"
],
[
"flat",
"flat"
],
[
"low",
"low"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"space",
"space"
],
[
"object",
"object"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"rock bottom"
],
"links": [
[
"rock bottom",
"rock bottom"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) rock bottom"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Korean colloquialisms",
"Korean terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Seoul; the area of Seoul",
"roman": "Seoul badak",
"text": "서울 바닥",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"area, region"
],
"links": [
[
"area",
"area"
],
[
"region",
"region"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) area, region"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Korean terms with uncommon senses"
],
"glosses": [
"the weave of fabric"
],
"links": [
[
"weave",
"weave"
],
[
"fabric",
"fabric"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncommon) the weave of fabric"
],
"tags": [
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pɐdɐk̚]"
},
{
"ipa": "[pa̠da̠k̚]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "바닥"
},
{
"other": "[바닥]"
}
],
"word": "바닥"
}
{
"categories": [
"Early Modern Korean links with redundant alt parameters",
"Early Modern Korean terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Korean counters",
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean links with redundant alt parameters",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean terms derived from Middle Korean",
"Korean terms inherited from Middle Korean",
"Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Korean terms with dialectal pitch accent marked",
"Korean terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
"Middle Korean links with redundant alt parameters",
"Middle Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
"Native Korean words",
"Old Korean links with redundant alt parameters",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ss",
"2": "바다ᇰ〮",
"3": "pàtáng"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 바다ᇰ〮 (Yale: pàtáng).",
"name": "ko-etym-native"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/k~ŋ~j~h/"
},
"expansion": "/k~ŋ~j~h/",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*/-k/"
},
"expansion": "*/-k/",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mnc",
"2": "ᡶᠠᡨᠠᠨ",
"t": "sole of the foot"
},
"expansion": "Manchu ᡶᠠᡨᠠᠨ (fatan, “sole of the foot”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 바다ᇰ〮 (Yale: pàtáng). In the Early Modern era, the form was supplanted by modern 바닥 (badak), which may originally have been dialectal; Korean dialects often variably have coda /k~ŋ~j~h/, probably from ancestral */-k/.\n바다 (bada, “sea, ocean”) may originally have been a semantic extension of this word. Beyond Koreanic, probably related to Manchu ᡶᠠᡨᠠᠨ (fatan, “sole of the foot”), which is quite possibly a Korean borrowing into Jurchen or Manchu given the apparent lack of clear Tungusic cognates.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "badak",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "counter"
},
"expansion": "바닥 • (badak)",
"name": "ko-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "counter",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Gyeongsang Korean",
"Korean terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a page of a book",
"roman": "chaek han badak",
"text": "책 한 바닥",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"page of paper"
],
"links": [
[
"page",
"page"
],
[
"paper",
"paper"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(southeastern Gyeongsang) page of paper"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "쪽"
},
{
"word": "페이지"
}
],
"tags": [
"Gyeongsang",
"Southeastern"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pɐdɐk̚]"
},
{
"ipa": "[pa̠da̠k̚]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "바닥"
},
{
"other": "[바닥]"
}
],
"word": "바닥"
}
{
"categories": [
"Early Modern Korean links with redundant alt parameters",
"Early Modern Korean terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean links with redundant alt parameters",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Korean terms with dialectal pitch accent marked",
"Korean terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
"Middle Korean links with redundant alt parameters",
"Middle Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
"Old Korean links with redundant alt parameters",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "See the main entry at 바다 (bada). Probably the most conservative form of this word.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "badak",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "바닥 • (badak)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Gyeongsang Korean",
"Jeolla Korean"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "bada, “sea; ocean”",
"word": "바다"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Dialectal form of 바다 (bada, “sea; ocean”)."
],
"links": [
[
"바다",
"바다#Korean"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(southern Gyeongsang, southern Jeolla dialect) Dialectal form of 바다 (bada, “sea; ocean”)."
],
"tags": [
"Gyeongsang",
"Jeolla",
"Southern",
"dialectal",
"form-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pɐdɐk̚]"
},
{
"ipa": "[pa̠da̠k̚]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "바닥"
},
{
"other": "[바닥]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "bada",
"word": "바ᄅᆞᆯ〮LEANLEANEarly Modern Seoul Korean바다LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "bada",
"word": "바닿LEANLEANCentral KoreanGyeonggiModern colloquial Seoul바다LEANLEANKaesong바다LEANLEANChangpung바다LEANLEANYeoncheon바다LEANLEANYongin바대LEANLEANYeongseoKosan바다LEANLEANYeongdongGangneung바다LEANLEANWonsan바다LEANLEANKumya바다LEANLEANMunchon바다LEANLEANAnbyeon바다LEANLEANYangyang바다LEANLEANSamcheok바다LEANLEANNorth ChungcheongCheongju바다LEANLEANChungju바다LEANLEANDanyang바다LEANLEANBoeun바다LEANLEANYeongdong바다LEANLEANSouth ChungcheongCheonan바다LEANLEANHongseong바다LEANLEANGongju바다LEANLEANSeocheon바다LEANLEANNonsan바다LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "bada",
"word": "바대LEANLEANSouth HwanghaeHaeju바다LEANLEANOngjin바다LEANLEANYonan바다LEANLEANTaetan바다LEANLEANChaeryong바다LEANLEANChangyon바다LEANLEANUnnyul바다LEANLEANNorth HwanghaeHwangju바다LEANLEANSohung바다LEANLEANKumchon바다LEANLEANSingye바다LEANLEANSuan바다LEANLEANYonsan바다LEANLEANGyeongsang KoreanNorth GyeongsangDaegu'바다LEANLEANUljin'바다LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "bada",
"word": "'바닥LEANLEANYecheon'바다LEANLEANAndong'바다LEANLEANUiseong'바다LEANLEANCheongsong'바다LEANLEANYeongdeok'바다LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "bada",
"word": "'바닥LEANLEANGimcheon'바다LEANLEANPohang'바다LEANLEANYeongcheon'바다LEANLEANGoryeong'바다LEANLEANSouth GyeongsangBusan'바다LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "bada",
"word": "바당LEANLEANUlsan'바다LEANLEANChangwon'바다LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "bada",
"word": "'바당LEANLEANGeochang'바다LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "badae",
"word": "바닥LEANLEANHapcheon'바다LEANLEANChangnyeong'바대LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "bada",
"word": "바당LEANLEANHamyang'바다LEANLEANHadong바닥LEANLEANJinju'바다LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "badang",
"word": "'바당LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "bada",
"word": "바닥LEANLEANHaman바닥LEANLEANGimhae'바다LEANLEANYangsan'바다LEANLEANSacheon바닥LEANLEANGoseong바닥LEANLEANNamhae'바다LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "bada",
"word": "바닥LEANLEANTongyeong'바다LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "bádàng",
"word": "바당LEANLEAN"
},
{
"roman": "bádàng",
"word": "바닥LEANLEANGeoje바당LEANLEAN"
},
{
"english": "bade; bade; bade; bade; bade; bade",
"roman": "badak",
"word": "바닥LEANLEANJeolla KoreanNorth JeollaJeonju바대LEANLEANJinan바대LEANLEANMuju바대LEANLEANGimje바대LEANLEANJeongeup바대LEANLEANImsil바대LEANLEANJangsu바대LEANLEANSunchang바대LEANLEANNamwon바대LEANLEANSouth JeollaGwangju바다LEANLEANYeonggwang바대LEANLEANJangseong바대LEANLEANDamyang바대LEANLEANGokseong바대LEANLEANGurye바대LEANLEANHampyeong바대LEANLEANSinan바닥LEANLEANMokpo바닥LEANLEANNaju바대LEANLEAN"
},
{
"english": "bade; bade",
"roman": "badak",
"word": "바다LEANLEANSuncheon바다LEANLEANGwangyang바대LEANLEANYeongam바대LEANLEANJindo바닥LEANLEANHaenam바대LEANLEAN"
},
{
"english": "bade",
"roman": "badak",
"word": "바닥LEANLEANGangjin바대LEANLEANWando바닥LEANLEAN"
},
{
"english": "bade",
"roman": "badak",
"tags": [
"uncommon"
],
"word": "바탕LEANLEANJangheung바대LEANLEANBoseong바대LEANLEANGoheung바닥LEANLEANYeosu바닥LEANLEAN"
},
{
"english": "ba dang; ba dang; ba dang",
"roman": "badang",
"word": "바당LEANLEANPyongan KoreanSouth PyonganPyongyang바다LEANLEANNorth PyonganPakchon바다LEANLEANNyongbyon바다LEANLEANKusong바다LEANLEANHuichon바다LEANLEANKanggye바다LEANLEANChasong바다LEANLEANHamgyong KoreanSouth HamgyongHamhung바'다LEANLEANChongpyong바'다LEANLEANYonggwang바'다LEANLEANSinhung바'다LEANLEANHongwon바'다LEANLEANPukchong바'다LEANLEANTanchon바'당LEANLEANNorth HamgyongChongjin바'다LEANLEANKimchaek바'다LEANLEANKilju바'당LEANLEANMyongchon바'다LEANLEANKyongsong바'다LEANLEANPuryong바'다LEANLEANMusan바'당LEANLEANHyesan바'다LEANLEANKapsan바'다LEANLEANPungso바'다LEANLEANKimhyongjik바'다LEANLEANYukjin KoreanYukjinKyonghung바다LEANLEANHoeryong바당LEANLEANOnsong바다LEANLEANKyongwon바당LEANLEANDiasporaHunchun바다LEANLEANJejuJeju City바당LEAN"
},
{
"roman": "badang",
"word": "와당LEANDaejeong바당LEAN"
},
{
"roman": "wadang",
"word": "와당LEAN"
},
{
"roman": "badang",
"word": "바릇LEANGujwa바당LEAN"
},
{
"roman": "badang",
"word": "와당LEANSeogwipo바당LEAN"
},
{
"roman": "bareut",
"word": "바릇LEANNote: Jeolla and Gyeongsang speakers may prefer to use words for 'beach'"
},
{
"word": "'seashore' in contexts where Seoul speakers would use 바다.This table is an amalgamation of surveys of speakers mostly born before 1950 and may not reflect the language of younger speakers"
},
{
"word": "which has lexically converged towards the standard Seoul dialect in both North and South Koreas"
}
],
"word": "바닥"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 바닥 meaning in All languages combined (18.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.