See 鍊 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 鍊 meaning in All languages combined (16.2kB)
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "CJKV characters simplified differently in Japan and China",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"鍊 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+9, 17 strokes, cangjie input 金木田火 (CDWF), four-corner 8519₆, composition ⿰釒柬)"
],
"id": "en-鍊-mul-character-2FXmSIrL",
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"釒",
"釒#Translingual"
],
[
"柬",
"柬#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Shinjitai",
"Simplified Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
]
}
],
"word": "鍊"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "九煉成鋼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "九炼成钢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xiūliàn",
"word": "修煉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xiūliàn",
"word": "修炼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yěliàn",
"word": "冶煉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yěliàn",
"word": "冶炼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "níngliàn",
"word": "凝煉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "níngliàn",
"word": "凝炼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "qiānchuíbǎiliàn",
"word": "千錘百鍊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "qiānchuíbǎiliàn",
"word": "千锤百炼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔfǎ liàngāng",
"word": "土法煉鋼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tǔfǎ liàngāng",
"word": "土法炼钢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lāliàn",
"word": "拉鍊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lāliàn",
"word": "拉炼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tíliàn",
"word": "提煉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tíliàn",
"word": "提炼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "搏煉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "搏炼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "搏砂煉汞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "搏砂炼汞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "摶砂煉汞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "抟砂炼汞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "日鍛月煉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "日锻月炼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "月鍛季煉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "月锻季炼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xǐliàn",
"word": "洗鍊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xǐliàn",
"word": "洗炼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "cùiliàn",
"word": "淬鍊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "cùiliàn",
"word": "淬炼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "炮煉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "炮炼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "liàndān",
"word": "煉丹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "liàndān",
"word": "炼丹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "liàndānshù",
"word": "煉丹術"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "liàndānshù",
"word": "炼丹术"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "liànrǔ",
"word": "煉乳"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "liànrǔ",
"word": "炼乳"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "煉山"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "炼山"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "煉油"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "炼油"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "煉油廠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "炼油厂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "煉焦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "炼焦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "煉焦爐"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "炼焦炉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "liànyù",
"word": "煉獄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "liànyù",
"word": "炼狱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "煉石補天"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "炼石补天"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "煉製"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "炼制"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "liàntóng",
"word": "煉銅"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "liàntóng",
"word": "炼铜"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "liàngāng",
"word": "煉鋼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "liàngāng",
"word": "炼钢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "煉鋼廠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "炼钢厂"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "煉鐵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "炼铁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "煉鐵爐"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "炼铁炉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "熬煉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "熬炼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "燒丹鍊汞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "烧丹炼汞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "燒煉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "烧炼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "百鍊之鋼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "百炼之钢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "百鍊剛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "百炼刚"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bǎiliànchénggāng",
"word": "百鍊成鋼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bǎiliànchénggāng",
"word": "百炼成钢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "百鍊金"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "百炼金"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "百鍊鋼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "百炼钢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "百鍊鐵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "百炼铁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "móliàn",
"word": "磨煉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "móliàn",
"word": "磨炼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "móliàn",
"word": "磨鍊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jīngliàn",
"word": "精煉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jīngliàn",
"word": "精炼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "精金百煉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "精金百炼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jīngliàn",
"word": "精鍊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "細鍊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "细炼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肘手鍊足"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "肘手炼足"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "chuíliàn",
"word": "錘鍊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "chuíliàn",
"word": "锤炼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "liàndān",
"word": "鍊丹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "鍊冶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "炼冶"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "鍊句"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "炼句"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "鍊子"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "炼子"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "鍊字"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "炼字"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "鍊師"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "炼师"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "鍊度"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "炼度"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "鍊形"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "炼形"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "鍊氣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "炼气"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "鍊氣士"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "炼气士"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "鍊石補天"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "鍊貧"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "炼贫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "鍊金"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "炼金"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "liànjīnshù",
"word": "鍊金術"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "liànjīnshù",
"word": "炼金术"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "duànliàn",
"word": "鍛鍊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "duànliàn",
"word": "锻炼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tiěliàn",
"word": "鐵鍊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tiěliàn",
"word": "铁炼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "闖鍊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "闯炼"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "陳鍊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "陈炼"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "鍊",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to smelt; to refine"
],
"id": "en-鍊-zh-character-hPbT1UlV",
"links": [
[
"smelt",
"smelt"
],
[
"refine",
"refine"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to measure (one's words); to polish (one's wording)"
],
"id": "en-鍊-zh-character-dsTVkRBo",
"links": [
[
"measure",
"measure"
],
[
"word",
"word"
],
[
"polish",
"polish"
],
[
"wording",
"wording"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) to measure (one's words); to polish (one's wording)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to temper; to steel; to cultivate"
],
"id": "en-鍊-zh-character-AwU6tXvv",
"links": [
[
"temper",
"temper"
],
[
"steel",
"steel"
],
[
"cultivate",
"cultivate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) to temper; to steel; to cultivate"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 21 23 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a surname"
],
"id": "en-鍊-zh-character-v2O7m9sM",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "liàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lian⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄌㄧㄢˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "lin⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lien"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "liên⁴"
},
{
"zh-pron": "liêng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "liān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "liêng⁷"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶li"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "liàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "liàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "lien⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "lyàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "liann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "лянь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ljanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/li̯ɛn⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "lihn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lin⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "lin⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/liːn²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lien"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lien"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lian⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/li̯en⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/liɛn⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "liêng"
},
{
"ipa": "/l̃iɛŋ²⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "liān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "lien"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɛn²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/liɛn⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Jinjiang",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/liɛn³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "liēng"
},
{
"ipa": "/lieŋ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶li"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "li^去"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³li"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/li²³/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "lenH"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[r]ˤen-s/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɡ·reːns/"
},
{
"ipa": "/li̯ɛn⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liːn²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/li̯en⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɛn⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/l̃iɛŋ²⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɛn²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɛn⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɛn³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lieŋ¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/li²³/"
},
{
"other": "[r]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɡ·reːns/"
}
],
"word": "鍊"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "錬",
"tags": [
"shinjitai"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 39 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kanji used for names",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to smelt (metals)"
],
"id": "en-鍊-ja-character-E2P-qDc1",
"links": [
[
"smelt",
"smelt"
],
[
"metal",
"metal"
]
],
"tags": [
"Jinmeiyō",
"kanji",
"kyūjitai"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 56 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 79 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 82 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 39 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kanji used for names",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to forge"
],
"id": "en-鍊-ja-character-4zDxaWpy",
"links": [
[
"forge",
"forge"
]
],
"tags": [
"Jinmeiyō",
"kanji",
"kyūjitai"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 39 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kanji used for names",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to refine"
],
"id": "en-鍊-ja-character-LcYoug1D",
"links": [
[
"refine",
"refine"
]
],
"tags": [
"Jinmeiyō",
"kanji",
"kyūjitai"
]
}
],
"word": "鍊"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "鍛鍊",
"roman": "dallyeon",
"word": "단련"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "訓鍊",
"roman": "hullyeon",
"word": "훈련"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "불릴 련",
"roman": "bullil ryeon",
"tags": [
"eumhun"
]
},
{
"form": "불릴 연",
"roman": "bullil yeon",
"tags": [
"South-Korea"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "불리다",
"2": "불릴",
"3": "련",
"4": "",
"5": "연"
},
"expansion": "鍊 (eumhun 불릴 련 (bullil ryeon), South Korea 불릴 연 (bullil yeon))",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "smelt metals, forge",
"word": "련/연"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 련/연 (“smelt metals, forge”)."
],
"id": "en-鍊-ko-character-ZkMC3f4y",
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"련",
"련#Korean"
],
[
"연",
"연#Korean"
],
[
"smelt",
"smelt"
],
[
"metals",
"metals"
],
[
"forge",
"forge"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "refine",
"word": "련/연"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 련/연 (“refine”)."
],
"id": "en-鍊-ko-character-f4XWzL10",
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"련",
"련#Korean"
],
[
"연",
"연#Korean"
],
[
"refine",
"refine"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "鍊"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "luyện",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "rèn",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "rén",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese Han tu",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"id": "en-鍊-vi-character-47DEQpj8",
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "鍊"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min proper nouns",
"Eastern Min verbs",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Requests for attention concerning Teochew"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "九煉成鋼"
},
{
"word": "九炼成钢"
},
{
"roman": "xiūliàn",
"word": "修煉"
},
{
"roman": "xiūliàn",
"word": "修炼"
},
{
"roman": "yěliàn",
"word": "冶煉"
},
{
"roman": "yěliàn",
"word": "冶炼"
},
{
"roman": "níngliàn",
"word": "凝煉"
},
{
"roman": "níngliàn",
"word": "凝炼"
},
{
"roman": "qiānchuíbǎiliàn",
"word": "千錘百鍊"
},
{
"roman": "qiānchuíbǎiliàn",
"word": "千锤百炼"
},
{
"roman": "tǔfǎ liàngāng",
"word": "土法煉鋼"
},
{
"roman": "tǔfǎ liàngāng",
"word": "土法炼钢"
},
{
"roman": "lāliàn",
"word": "拉鍊"
},
{
"roman": "lāliàn",
"word": "拉炼"
},
{
"roman": "tíliàn",
"word": "提煉"
},
{
"roman": "tíliàn",
"word": "提炼"
},
{
"word": "搏煉"
},
{
"word": "搏炼"
},
{
"word": "搏砂煉汞"
},
{
"word": "搏砂炼汞"
},
{
"word": "摶砂煉汞"
},
{
"word": "抟砂炼汞"
},
{
"word": "日鍛月煉"
},
{
"word": "日锻月炼"
},
{
"word": "月鍛季煉"
},
{
"word": "月锻季炼"
},
{
"roman": "xǐliàn",
"word": "洗鍊"
},
{
"roman": "xǐliàn",
"word": "洗炼"
},
{
"roman": "cùiliàn",
"word": "淬鍊"
},
{
"roman": "cùiliàn",
"word": "淬炼"
},
{
"word": "炮煉"
},
{
"word": "炮炼"
},
{
"roman": "liàndān",
"word": "煉丹"
},
{
"roman": "liàndān",
"word": "炼丹"
},
{
"roman": "liàndānshù",
"word": "煉丹術"
},
{
"roman": "liàndānshù",
"word": "炼丹术"
},
{
"roman": "liànrǔ",
"word": "煉乳"
},
{
"roman": "liànrǔ",
"word": "炼乳"
},
{
"word": "煉山"
},
{
"word": "炼山"
},
{
"word": "煉油"
},
{
"word": "炼油"
},
{
"word": "煉油廠"
},
{
"word": "炼油厂"
},
{
"word": "煉焦"
},
{
"word": "炼焦"
},
{
"word": "煉焦爐"
},
{
"word": "炼焦炉"
},
{
"roman": "liànyù",
"word": "煉獄"
},
{
"roman": "liànyù",
"word": "炼狱"
},
{
"word": "煉石補天"
},
{
"word": "炼石补天"
},
{
"word": "煉製"
},
{
"word": "炼制"
},
{
"roman": "liàntóng",
"word": "煉銅"
},
{
"roman": "liàntóng",
"word": "炼铜"
},
{
"roman": "liàngāng",
"word": "煉鋼"
},
{
"roman": "liàngāng",
"word": "炼钢"
},
{
"word": "煉鋼廠"
},
{
"word": "炼钢厂"
},
{
"word": "煉鐵"
},
{
"word": "炼铁"
},
{
"word": "煉鐵爐"
},
{
"word": "炼铁炉"
},
{
"word": "熬煉"
},
{
"word": "熬炼"
},
{
"word": "燒丹鍊汞"
},
{
"word": "烧丹炼汞"
},
{
"word": "燒煉"
},
{
"word": "烧炼"
},
{
"word": "百鍊之鋼"
},
{
"word": "百炼之钢"
},
{
"word": "百鍊剛"
},
{
"word": "百炼刚"
},
{
"roman": "bǎiliànchénggāng",
"word": "百鍊成鋼"
},
{
"roman": "bǎiliànchénggāng",
"word": "百炼成钢"
},
{
"word": "百鍊金"
},
{
"word": "百炼金"
},
{
"word": "百鍊鋼"
},
{
"word": "百炼钢"
},
{
"word": "百鍊鐵"
},
{
"word": "百炼铁"
},
{
"roman": "móliàn",
"word": "磨煉"
},
{
"roman": "móliàn",
"word": "磨炼"
},
{
"roman": "móliàn",
"word": "磨鍊"
},
{
"roman": "jīngliàn",
"word": "精煉"
},
{
"roman": "jīngliàn",
"word": "精炼"
},
{
"word": "精金百煉"
},
{
"word": "精金百炼"
},
{
"roman": "jīngliàn",
"word": "精鍊"
},
{
"word": "細鍊"
},
{
"word": "细炼"
},
{
"word": "肘手鍊足"
},
{
"word": "肘手炼足"
},
{
"roman": "chuíliàn",
"word": "錘鍊"
},
{
"roman": "chuíliàn",
"word": "锤炼"
},
{
"roman": "liàndān",
"word": "鍊丹"
},
{
"word": "鍊冶"
},
{
"word": "炼冶"
},
{
"word": "鍊句"
},
{
"word": "炼句"
},
{
"word": "鍊子"
},
{
"word": "炼子"
},
{
"word": "鍊字"
},
{
"word": "炼字"
},
{
"word": "鍊師"
},
{
"word": "炼师"
},
{
"word": "鍊度"
},
{
"word": "炼度"
},
{
"word": "鍊形"
},
{
"word": "炼形"
},
{
"word": "鍊氣"
},
{
"word": "炼气"
},
{
"word": "鍊氣士"
},
{
"word": "炼气士"
},
{
"word": "鍊石補天"
},
{
"word": "鍊貧"
},
{
"word": "炼贫"
},
{
"word": "鍊金"
},
{
"word": "炼金"
},
{
"roman": "liànjīnshù",
"word": "鍊金術"
},
{
"roman": "liànjīnshù",
"word": "炼金术"
},
{
"roman": "duànliàn",
"word": "鍛鍊"
},
{
"roman": "duànliàn",
"word": "锻炼"
},
{
"roman": "tiěliàn",
"word": "鐵鍊"
},
{
"roman": "tiěliàn",
"word": "铁炼"
},
{
"word": "闖鍊"
},
{
"word": "闯炼"
},
{
"word": "陳鍊"
},
{
"word": "陈炼"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "鍊",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to smelt; to refine"
],
"links": [
[
"smelt",
"smelt"
],
[
"refine",
"refine"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to measure (one's words); to polish (one's wording)"
],
"links": [
[
"measure",
"measure"
],
[
"word",
"word"
],
[
"polish",
"polish"
],
[
"wording",
"wording"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) to measure (one's words); to polish (one's wording)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to temper; to steel; to cultivate"
],
"links": [
[
"temper",
"temper"
],
[
"steel",
"steel"
],
[
"cultivate",
"cultivate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) to temper; to steel; to cultivate"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese surnames"
],
"glosses": [
"a surname"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "liàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lian⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄌㄧㄢˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "lin⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lien"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "liên⁴"
},
{
"zh-pron": "liêng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "liān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "liêng⁷"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶li"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "liàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "liàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "lien⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "lyàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "liann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "лянь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ljanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/li̯ɛn⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "lihn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lin⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "lin⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/liːn²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lien"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lien"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lian⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/li̯en⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/liɛn⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "liêng"
},
{
"ipa": "/l̃iɛŋ²⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "liān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "lien"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɛn²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/liɛn⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Jinjiang",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/liɛn³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "liēng"
},
{
"ipa": "/lieŋ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶li"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "li^去"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³li"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/li²³/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "lenH"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[r]ˤen-s/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ɡ·reːns/"
},
{
"ipa": "/li̯ɛn⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liːn²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/li̯en⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɛn⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/l̃iɛŋ²⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɛn²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɛn⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɛn³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lieŋ¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/li²³/"
},
{
"other": "[r]"
},
{
"other": "/*ɡ·reːns/"
}
],
"word": "鍊"
}
{
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"鏈"
],
"word": "鍊"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading ね-る",
"Japanese kanji with on reading れん",
"Japanese terms spelled with 鍊",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Kanji used for names"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "錬",
"tags": [
"shinjitai"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to smelt (metals)"
],
"links": [
[
"smelt",
"smelt"
],
[
"metal",
"metal"
]
],
"tags": [
"Jinmeiyō",
"kanji",
"kyūjitai"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to forge"
],
"links": [
[
"forge",
"forge"
]
],
"tags": [
"Jinmeiyō",
"kanji",
"kyūjitai"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to refine"
],
"links": [
[
"refine",
"refine"
]
],
"tags": [
"Jinmeiyō",
"kanji",
"kyūjitai"
]
}
],
"word": "鍊"
}
{
"categories": [
"Korean Han characters",
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"derived": [
{
"alt": "鍛鍊",
"roman": "dallyeon",
"word": "단련"
},
{
"alt": "訓鍊",
"roman": "hullyeon",
"word": "훈련"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "불릴 련",
"roman": "bullil ryeon",
"tags": [
"eumhun"
]
},
{
"form": "불릴 연",
"roman": "bullil yeon",
"tags": [
"South-Korea"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "불리다",
"2": "불릴",
"3": "련",
"4": "",
"5": "연"
},
"expansion": "鍊 (eumhun 불릴 련 (bullil ryeon), South Korea 불릴 연 (bullil yeon))",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "smelt metals, forge",
"word": "련/연"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 련/연 (“smelt metals, forge”)."
],
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"련",
"련#Korean"
],
[
"연",
"연#Korean"
],
[
"smelt",
"smelt"
],
[
"metals",
"metals"
],
[
"forge",
"forge"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "refine",
"word": "련/연"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 련/연 (“refine”)."
],
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"련",
"련#Korean"
],
[
"연",
"연#Korean"
],
[
"refine",
"refine"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "鍊"
}
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"CJKV characters simplified differently in Japan and China",
"Chinese terms with redundant script codes",
"Han script characters",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual symbols",
"Translingual terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"鍊 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+9, 17 strokes, cangjie input 金木田火 (CDWF), four-corner 8519₆, composition ⿰釒柬)"
],
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"釒",
"釒#Translingual"
],
[
"柬",
"柬#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Shinjitai",
"Simplified Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
]
}
],
"word": "鍊"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "luyện",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "rèn",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "rén",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Han characters",
"Vietnamese Han characters with unconfirmed readings",
"Vietnamese Han tu",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks"
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "鍊"
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"鍊"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "鍊",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
"path": [
"鍊"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "鍊",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"鍊"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "鍊",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Shanghai):'",
"path": [
"鍊"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "鍊",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
"path": [
"鍊"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "鍊",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
"path": [
"鍊"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "鍊",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"鍊"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "鍊",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"鍊"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "鍊",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
"path": [
"鍊"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "鍊",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
"path": [
"鍊"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "鍊",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Northern)'",
"path": [
"鍊"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "鍊",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"鍊"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "鍊",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.