"論理" meaning in All languages combined

See 論理 on Wiktionary

Adverb [Chinese]

IPA: /lu̯ən⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /lɵn²² lei̯¹³/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /lun⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /lun³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /lun³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /luŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ li⁵²/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /lu̯ən⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/, /lɵn²² lei̯¹³/, /lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/, /lun⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/, /lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/, /lun³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³/, /lun³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹/, /luŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ li⁵²/ Chinese transliterations: lùnlǐ [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄌㄨㄣˋ ㄌㄧˇ [Mandarin, bopomofo], leon⁶ lei⁵ [Cantonese, Jyutping], lūn-lí [Hokkien, POJ], lung⁶ li² [Peng'im, Teochew], lùnlǐ [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], lùnlǐ [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], lun⁴-li³ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], lwùn-lǐ [Mandarin, Yale], luennlii [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], луньли [Mandarin, Palladius], lunʹli [Mandarin, Palladius], leuhn léih [Cantonese, Yale], loen⁶ lei⁵ [Cantonese, Pinyin], lên⁶ léi⁵ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], lūn-lí [Hokkien, Tai-lo], luxnlie [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], lŭng lí [POJ, Teochew], lwonH|lwon liX [Middle-Chinese], /*[r]ˤu[n]-s|[r]ˤu[n] m(ə).rəʔ/ [Baxter-Sagart, Old-Chinese], /*ruːns|ruːn rɯʔ/ [Old-Chinese, Zhengzhang]
Head templates: {{head|zh|adverb}} 論理
  1. normally; should Synonyms: 按理 (ànlǐ), 按理說 (ànlǐshuō), 按理说 (ànlǐshuō), 按說 (ànshuō), 按说 (ànshuō), 照理 (zhàolǐ), 照紀綱 [Hokkien], 照纪纲 [Hokkien], 論說 (lùnshuō), 论说 (lùnshuō)
    Sense id: en-論理-zh-adv-FC0Y-WZg

Noun [Chinese]

IPA: /lu̯ən⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /lɵn²² lei̯¹³/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /lun⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /lun³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /lun³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /luŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ li⁵²/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /lu̯ən⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/, /lɵn²² lei̯¹³/, /lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/, /lun⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/, /lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/, /lun³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³/, /lun³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹/, /luŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ li⁵²/ Chinese transliterations: lùnlǐ [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄌㄨㄣˋ ㄌㄧˇ [Mandarin, bopomofo], leon⁶ lei⁵ [Cantonese, Jyutping], lūn-lí [Hokkien, POJ], lung⁶ li² [Peng'im, Teochew], lùnlǐ [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], lùnlǐ [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], lun⁴-li³ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], lwùn-lǐ [Mandarin, Yale], luennlii [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], луньли [Mandarin, Palladius], lunʹli [Mandarin, Palladius], leuhn léih [Cantonese, Yale], loen⁶ lei⁵ [Cantonese, Pinyin], lên⁶ léi⁵ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], lūn-lí [Hokkien, Tai-lo], luxnlie [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], lŭng lí [POJ, Teochew], lwonH|lwon liX [Middle-Chinese], /*[r]ˤu[n]-s|[r]ˤu[n] m(ə).rəʔ/ [Baxter-Sagart, Old-Chinese], /*ruːns|ruːn rɯʔ/ [Old-Chinese, Zhengzhang]
Head templates: {{head|zh|noun}} 論理
  1. theory
    Sense id: en-論理-zh-noun-9Dl7SAXg
  2. (obsolete) logic Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-論理-zh-noun-COThw04o Categories (other): Chinese links with redundant alt parameters, Chinese links with redundant wikilinks, Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 16 0 57 27 Disambiguation of Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 17 6 60 16
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: 論理學 (lùnlǐxué), 论理学 (lùnlǐxué)
Synonyms: 學說 (xuéshuō), 学说 (xuéshuō), 理念 (lǐniàn), 理想 (lǐxiǎng) [literary], 理論 (lǐlùn), 理论 (lǐlùn), [in-compounds, literary], [in-compounds, literary], 邏輯 (luójí) [logic, mathematics, philosophy, human-sciences, sciences], 逻辑 (luójí) [logic, mathematics, philosophy, human-sciences, sciences], 理則 (lǐzé) [obsolete] [logic, mathematics, philosophy, human-sciences, sciences], 理则 (lǐzé) [obsolete] [logic, mathematics, philosophy, human-sciences, sciences]

Verb [Chinese]

IPA: /lu̯ən⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /lɵn²² lei̯¹³/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /lun⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /lun³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /lun³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /luŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ li⁵²/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /lu̯ən⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/, /lɵn²² lei̯¹³/, /lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/, /lun⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/, /lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/, /lun³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³/, /lun³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹/, /luŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ li⁵²/ Chinese transliterations: lùnlǐ [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄌㄨㄣˋ ㄌㄧˇ [Mandarin, bopomofo], leon⁶ lei⁵ [Cantonese, Jyutping], lūn-lí [Hokkien, POJ], lung⁶ li² [Peng'im, Teochew], lùnlǐ [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], lùnlǐ [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], lun⁴-li³ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], lwùn-lǐ [Mandarin, Yale], luennlii [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], луньли [Mandarin, Palladius], lunʹli [Mandarin, Palladius], leuhn léih [Cantonese, Yale], loen⁶ lei⁵ [Cantonese, Pinyin], lên⁶ léi⁵ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], lūn-lí [Hokkien, Tai-lo], luxnlie [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], lŭng lí [POJ, Teochew], lwonH|lwon liX [Middle-Chinese], /*[r]ˤu[n]-s|[r]ˤu[n] m(ə).rəʔ/ [Baxter-Sagart, Old-Chinese], /*ruːns|ruːn rɯʔ/ [Old-Chinese, Zhengzhang]
Head templates: {{zh-verb}} 論理
  1. to reason with; to bring round Synonyms: 爭辯是非 (zhēngbiàn shìfēi), 争辩是非 (zhēngbiàn shìfēi), 說理 (shuōlǐ), 说理 (shuōlǐ), 講道理 (jiǎng dàolǐ), 讲道理 (jiǎng dàolǐ)
    Sense id: en-論理-zh-verb-yqez-1x1

Noun [Japanese]

IPA: [ɾõ̞nɾʲi] Forms: 論理 [canonical] (ruby: (ろん), ()), ronri [romanization]
Etymology: From Middle Chinese compound 論理/论理 (luon li^X, literally “debate, theory + reason, principle”). Compare modern Mandarin reading lùnlǐ. Etymology templates: {{der|ja|ltc|-|sort=ろんり}} Middle Chinese, {{m|zh|論理|lit=debate, theory + reason, principle|tr=luon li^X}} 論理/论理 (luon li^X, literally “debate, theory + reason, principle”), {{cog|cmn|-}} Mandarin Head templates: {{ja-noun|ろんり}} 論(ろん)理(り) • (ronri)
  1. logic, reason Related terms: 論理学 (ronrigaku) (ruby: (ろん), (), (がく)) (english: the study or field of mathematical logic)

Noun [Korean]

Forms: nolli [romanization], 논리 [hangeul]
Head templates: {{ko-noun|hangeul=논리}} 論理 • (nolli) (hangeul 논리)
  1. Hanja form of 논리 (“logic”). Tags: alt-of, hanja Alternative form of: 논리 (extra: logic)

Noun [Vietnamese]

Head templates: {{head|vi|noun|||head=|tr=}} 論理, {{vi-noun|sc=Hani}} 論理
  1. chữ Hán form of luận lý (“logic”).

Download JSON data for 論理 meaning in All languages combined (16.5kB)

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "論理",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to reason with; to bring round"
      ],
      "id": "en-論理-zh-verb-yqez-1x1",
      "links": [
        [
          "reason",
          "reason"
        ],
        [
          "bring round",
          "bring round"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "zhēngbiàn shìfēi",
          "word": "爭辯是非"
        },
        {
          "roman": "zhēngbiàn shìfēi",
          "word": "争辩是非"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shuōlǐ",
          "word": "說理"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shuōlǐ",
          "word": "说理"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiǎng dàolǐ",
          "word": "講道理"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiǎng dàolǐ",
          "word": "讲道理"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lùnlǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄌㄨㄣˋ ㄌㄧˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "leon⁶ lei⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lūn-lí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lung⁶ li²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lùnlǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lùnlǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lun⁴-li³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lwùn-lǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "luennlii"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "луньли"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lunʹli"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lu̯ən⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "leuhn léih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "loen⁶ lei⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lên⁶ léi⁵"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lɵn²² lei̯¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lūn-lí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "luxnlie"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lŭng lí"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/luŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ li⁵²/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lwonH|lwon liX"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*[r]ˤu[n]-s|[r]ˤu[n] m(ə).rəʔ/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*ruːns|ruːn rɯʔ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lu̯ən⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lɵn²² lei̯¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/luŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ li⁵²/"
    },
    {
      "other": "[r]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[n]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[r]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[n]"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*ruːns|ruːn rɯʔ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "論理"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "論理",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "normally; should"
      ],
      "id": "en-論理-zh-adv-FC0Y-WZg",
      "links": [
        [
          "normally",
          "normally"
        ],
        [
          "should",
          "should"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "ànlǐ",
          "word": "按理"
        },
        {
          "roman": "ànlǐshuō",
          "word": "按理說"
        },
        {
          "roman": "ànlǐshuō",
          "word": "按理说"
        },
        {
          "roman": "ànshuō",
          "word": "按說"
        },
        {
          "roman": "ànshuō",
          "word": "按说"
        },
        {
          "roman": "zhàolǐ",
          "word": "照理"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "照紀綱"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "照纪纲"
        },
        {
          "roman": "lùnshuō",
          "word": "論說"
        },
        {
          "roman": "lùnshuō",
          "word": "论说"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lùnlǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄌㄨㄣˋ ㄌㄧˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "leon⁶ lei⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lūn-lí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lung⁶ li²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lùnlǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lùnlǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lun⁴-li³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lwùn-lǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "luennlii"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "луньли"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lunʹli"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lu̯ən⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "leuhn léih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "loen⁶ lei⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lên⁶ léi⁵"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lɵn²² lei̯¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lūn-lí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "luxnlie"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lŭng lí"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/luŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ li⁵²/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lwonH|lwon liX"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*[r]ˤu[n]-s|[r]ˤu[n] m(ə).rəʔ/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*ruːns|ruːn rɯʔ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lu̯ən⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lɵn²² lei̯¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/luŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ li⁵²/"
    },
    {
      "other": "[r]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[n]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[r]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[n]"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*ruːns|ruːn rɯʔ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "論理"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "lùnlǐxué",
      "word": "論理學"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "lùnlǐxué",
      "word": "论理学"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "論理",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "這種矛盾的論理,非我輩所能信服,亦非我輩所能實行。 [MSC, trad.]",
          "text": "这种矛盾的论理,非我辈所能信服,亦非我辈所能实行。 [MSC, simp.]\nFrom: Guo Moruo, 《文藝論集•論中德文化書》\nZhèzhǒng máodùn de lùnlǐ, fēi wǒbèi suǒ néng xìnfú, yì fēi wǒbèi suǒ néng shíxíng. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "theory"
      ],
      "id": "en-論理-zh-noun-9Dl7SAXg",
      "links": [
        [
          "theory",
          "theory"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 0 57 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 6 60 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "[M. Hamel] went on to talk of the French language, saying that it was the most beautiful language in the world - the clearest, the most logical.",
          "ref": "他說我們法國的文字怎麼好,說是天下最美最明白最合論理的文字。 [MSC, trad.]",
          "text": "他说我们法国的文字怎么好,说是天下最美最明白最合论理的文字。 [MSC, simp.]\nFrom: 1912, Hu Shih (胡適), translator. Translation of La Dernière Classe by Alphonse Daudet into the Chinese as 《割地》.\nTā shuō wǒmen Fǎguó de wénzì zěnme hǎo, shuō shì tiānxià zuìměi zuìmíngbái zuìhé lùnlǐ de wénzì. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "At this stage, people cannot as yet form concepts, which are deeper, or draw logical conclusions.",
          "ref": "在這個階段中,人們還不能造成深刻的概念,作出合乎論理(即合乎邏輯)的結論。 [MSC, trad.]",
          "text": "在这个阶段中,人们还不能造成深刻的概念,作出合乎论理(即合乎逻辑)的结论。 [MSC, simp.]\nFrom: 1937, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《實踐論》 (On Practice), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition\nZài zhège jiēduàn zhōng, rénmen hái bùnéng zàochéng shēnkè de gàiniàn, zuòchū héhū lùnlǐ (jí héhū luójí) de jiélùn. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "logic"
      ],
      "id": "en-論理-zh-noun-COThw04o",
      "links": [
        [
          "logic",
          "logic"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) logic"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lùnlǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄌㄨㄣˋ ㄌㄧˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "leon⁶ lei⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lūn-lí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lung⁶ li²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lùnlǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lùnlǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lun⁴-li³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lwùn-lǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "luennlii"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "луньли"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lunʹli"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lu̯ən⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "leuhn léih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "loen⁶ lei⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lên⁶ léi⁵"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lɵn²² lei̯¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lūn-lí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "luxnlie"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lŭng lí"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/luŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ li⁵²/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lwonH|lwon liX"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*[r]ˤu[n]-s|[r]ˤu[n] m(ə).rəʔ/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*ruːns|ruːn rɯʔ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lu̯ən⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lɵn²² lei̯¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/luŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ li⁵²/"
    },
    {
      "other": "[r]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[n]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[r]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[n]"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*ruːns|ruːn rɯʔ/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "xuéshuō",
      "word": "學說"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "xuéshuō",
      "word": "学说"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "lǐniàn",
      "word": "理念"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "lǐxiǎng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "理想"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "lǐlùn",
      "word": "理論"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "lǐlùn",
      "word": "理论"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "說"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "说"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "luójí",
      "topics": [
        "logic",
        "mathematics",
        "philosophy",
        "human-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "word": "邏輯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "luójí",
      "topics": [
        "logic",
        "mathematics",
        "philosophy",
        "human-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "word": "逻辑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "lǐzé",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "logic",
        "mathematics",
        "philosophy",
        "human-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "word": "理則"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "lǐzé",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "logic",
        "mathematics",
        "philosophy",
        "human-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "word": "理则"
    }
  ],
  "word": "論理"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "ろんり"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "論理",
        "lit": "debate, theory + reason, principle",
        "tr": "luon li^X"
      },
      "expansion": "論理/论理 (luon li^X, literally “debate, theory + reason, principle”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cmn",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Mandarin",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese compound 論理/论理 (luon li^X, literally “debate, theory + reason, principle”). Compare modern Mandarin reading lùnlǐ.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "論理",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "論",
          "ろん"
        ],
        [
          "理",
          "り"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ronri",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ろんり"
      },
      "expansion": "論(ろん)理(り) • (ronri)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "logic, reason"
      ],
      "id": "en-論理-ja-noun-gyzbYglE",
      "links": [
        [
          "logic",
          "logic"
        ],
        [
          "reason",
          "reason"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "english": "the study or field of mathematical logic",
          "roman": "ronrigaku",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "論",
              "ろん"
            ],
            [
              "理",
              "り"
            ],
            [
              "学",
              "がく"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "論理学"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ろんり"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɾõ̞nɾʲi]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "論理"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "nolli",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "논리",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hangeul": "논리"
      },
      "expansion": "論理 • (nolli) (hangeul 논리)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "logic",
          "word": "논리"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hanja form of 논리 (“logic”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-論理-ko-noun-xF67BDpz",
      "links": [
        [
          "Hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "논리",
          "논리#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "logic",
          "logic"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "論理"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "論理",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "sc": "Hani"
      },
      "expansion": "論理",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "chữ Hán form of luận lý (“logic”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-論理-vi-noun-3yCHB0lM",
      "links": [
        [
          "chữ Hán",
          "chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "luận lý",
          "luận lý#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "logic",
          "logic"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "論理"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese adverbs",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese nouns",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Chinese verbs",
    "Middle Chinese lemmas",
    "Old Chinese lemmas"
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "論理",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to reason with; to bring round"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "reason",
          "reason"
        ],
        [
          "bring round",
          "bring round"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lùnlǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄌㄨㄣˋ ㄌㄧˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "leon⁶ lei⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lūn-lí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lung⁶ li²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lùnlǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lùnlǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lun⁴-li³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lwùn-lǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "luennlii"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "луньли"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lunʹli"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lu̯ən⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "leuhn léih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "loen⁶ lei⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lên⁶ léi⁵"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lɵn²² lei̯¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lūn-lí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "luxnlie"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lŭng lí"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/luŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ li⁵²/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lwonH|lwon liX"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*[r]ˤu[n]-s|[r]ˤu[n] m(ə).rəʔ/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*ruːns|ruːn rɯʔ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lu̯ən⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lɵn²² lei̯¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/luŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ li⁵²/"
    },
    {
      "other": "[r]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[n]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[r]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[n]"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*ruːns|ruːn rɯʔ/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "zhēngbiàn shìfēi",
      "word": "爭辯是非"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhēngbiàn shìfēi",
      "word": "争辩是非"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shuōlǐ",
      "word": "說理"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shuōlǐ",
      "word": "说理"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiǎng dàolǐ",
      "word": "講道理"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiǎng dàolǐ",
      "word": "讲道理"
    }
  ],
  "word": "論理"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese adverbs",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese nouns",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Chinese verbs",
    "Middle Chinese lemmas",
    "Old Chinese lemmas"
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "論理",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "normally; should"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "normally",
          "normally"
        ],
        [
          "should",
          "should"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lùnlǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄌㄨㄣˋ ㄌㄧˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "leon⁶ lei⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lūn-lí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lung⁶ li²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lùnlǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lùnlǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lun⁴-li³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lwùn-lǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "luennlii"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "луньли"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lunʹli"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lu̯ən⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "leuhn léih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "loen⁶ lei⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lên⁶ léi⁵"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lɵn²² lei̯¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lūn-lí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "luxnlie"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lŭng lí"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/luŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ li⁵²/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lwonH|lwon liX"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*[r]ˤu[n]-s|[r]ˤu[n] m(ə).rəʔ/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*ruːns|ruːn rɯʔ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lu̯ən⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lɵn²² lei̯¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/luŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ li⁵²/"
    },
    {
      "other": "[r]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[n]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[r]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[n]"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*ruːns|ruːn rɯʔ/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "ànlǐ",
      "word": "按理"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ànlǐshuō",
      "word": "按理說"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ànlǐshuō",
      "word": "按理说"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ànshuō",
      "word": "按說"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ànshuō",
      "word": "按说"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhàolǐ",
      "word": "照理"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "照紀綱"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "照纪纲"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lùnshuō",
      "word": "論說"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lùnshuō",
      "word": "论说"
    }
  ],
  "word": "論理"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese adverbs",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese nouns",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Chinese verbs",
    "Middle Chinese lemmas",
    "Old Chinese lemmas"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "lùnlǐxué",
      "word": "論理學"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lùnlǐxué",
      "word": "论理学"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "論理",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mandarin terms with quotations",
        "Requests for translations of Mandarin usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "這種矛盾的論理,非我輩所能信服,亦非我輩所能實行。 [MSC, trad.]",
          "text": "这种矛盾的论理,非我辈所能信服,亦非我辈所能实行。 [MSC, simp.]\nFrom: Guo Moruo, 《文藝論集•論中德文化書》\nZhèzhǒng máodùn de lùnlǐ, fēi wǒbèi suǒ néng xìnfú, yì fēi wǒbèi suǒ néng shíxíng. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "theory"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "theory",
          "theory"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chinese links with redundant alt parameters",
        "Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Chinese terms with obsolete senses",
        "Mandarin terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "[M. Hamel] went on to talk of the French language, saying that it was the most beautiful language in the world - the clearest, the most logical.",
          "ref": "他說我們法國的文字怎麼好,說是天下最美最明白最合論理的文字。 [MSC, trad.]",
          "text": "他说我们法国的文字怎么好,说是天下最美最明白最合论理的文字。 [MSC, simp.]\nFrom: 1912, Hu Shih (胡適), translator. Translation of La Dernière Classe by Alphonse Daudet into the Chinese as 《割地》.\nTā shuō wǒmen Fǎguó de wénzì zěnme hǎo, shuō shì tiānxià zuìměi zuìmíngbái zuìhé lùnlǐ de wénzì. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "At this stage, people cannot as yet form concepts, which are deeper, or draw logical conclusions.",
          "ref": "在這個階段中,人們還不能造成深刻的概念,作出合乎論理(即合乎邏輯)的結論。 [MSC, trad.]",
          "text": "在这个阶段中,人们还不能造成深刻的概念,作出合乎论理(即合乎逻辑)的结论。 [MSC, simp.]\nFrom: 1937, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《實踐論》 (On Practice), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition\nZài zhège jiēduàn zhōng, rénmen hái bùnéng zàochéng shēnkè de gàiniàn, zuòchū héhū lùnlǐ (jí héhū luójí) de jiélùn. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "logic"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "logic",
          "logic"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) logic"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lùnlǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄌㄨㄣˋ ㄌㄧˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "leon⁶ lei⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lūn-lí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lung⁶ li²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lùnlǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lùnlǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lun⁴-li³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lwùn-lǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "luennlii"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "луньли"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lunʹli"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lu̯ən⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "leuhn léih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "loen⁶ lei⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lên⁶ léi⁵"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lɵn²² lei̯¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lūn-lí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "luxnlie"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lŭng lí"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/luŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ li⁵²/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lwonH|lwon liX"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*[r]ˤu[n]-s|[r]ˤu[n] m(ə).rəʔ/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*ruːns|ruːn rɯʔ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lu̯ən⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lɵn²² lei̯¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lun³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/luŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ li⁵²/"
    },
    {
      "other": "[r]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[n]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[r]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[n]"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*ruːns|ruːn rɯʔ/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "xuéshuō",
      "word": "學說"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xuéshuō",
      "word": "学说"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lǐniàn",
      "word": "理念"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lǐxiǎng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "理想"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lǐlùn",
      "word": "理論"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lǐlùn",
      "word": "理论"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "說"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "说"
    },
    {
      "roman": "luójí",
      "topics": [
        "logic",
        "mathematics",
        "philosophy",
        "human-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "word": "邏輯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "luójí",
      "topics": [
        "logic",
        "mathematics",
        "philosophy",
        "human-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "word": "逻辑"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lǐzé",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "logic",
        "mathematics",
        "philosophy",
        "human-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "word": "理則"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lǐzé",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "logic",
        "mathematics",
        "philosophy",
        "human-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "word": "理则"
    }
  ],
  "word": "論理"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "ろんり"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "論理",
        "lit": "debate, theory + reason, principle",
        "tr": "luon li^X"
      },
      "expansion": "論理/论理 (luon li^X, literally “debate, theory + reason, principle”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cmn",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Mandarin",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese compound 論理/论理 (luon li^X, literally “debate, theory + reason, principle”). Compare modern Mandarin reading lùnlǐ.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "論理",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "論",
          "ろん"
        ],
        [
          "理",
          "り"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ronri",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ろんり"
      },
      "expansion": "論(ろん)理(り) • (ronri)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "the study or field of mathematical logic",
      "roman": "ronrigaku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "論",
          "ろん"
        ],
        [
          "理",
          "り"
        ],
        [
          "学",
          "がく"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "論理学"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
        "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Japanese lemmas",
        "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Japanese nouns",
        "Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
        "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
        "Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
        "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms written with two Han script characters"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "logic, reason"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "logic",
          "logic"
        ],
        [
          "reason",
          "reason"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ろんり"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɾõ̞nɾʲi]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "論理"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "nolli",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "논리",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hangeul": "논리"
      },
      "expansion": "論理 • (nolli) (hangeul 논리)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "logic",
          "word": "논리"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
        "Korean lemmas",
        "Korean nouns",
        "Korean nouns in Han script",
        "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Korean terms with redundant script codes"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hanja form of 논리 (“logic”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "논리",
          "논리#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "logic",
          "logic"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "論理"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "論理",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "sc": "Hani"
      },
      "expansion": "論理",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
        "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Vietnamese lemmas",
        "Vietnamese nouns",
        "Vietnamese nouns in Han script",
        "Vietnamese nouns without classifiers"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "chữ Hán form of luận lý (“logic”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "chữ Hán",
          "chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "luận lý",
          "luận lý#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "logic",
          "logic"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "論理"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.