"理想" meaning in All languages combined

See 理想 on Wiktionary

Adjective [Chinese]

IPA: /li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /lei̯¹³ sœːŋ³⁵/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /li²⁴ si̯oŋ³¹/ [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sinological-IPA, Sixian], /l̃i³³⁻³⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾luoŋ³³/ [Fuzhou, Sinological-IPA], /li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁵³/ [Hokkien, Taipei, Xiamen], /li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siaŋ⁵³/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /li⁵²⁻³⁵ siaŋ⁵²⁻²¹/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/, /lei̯¹³ sœːŋ³⁵/, /li²⁴ si̯oŋ³¹/, /l̃i³³⁻³⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾luoŋ³³/, /li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁵³/, /li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/, /li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁴¹/, /li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siaŋ⁵³/, /li⁵²⁻³⁵ siaŋ⁵²⁻²¹/ Chinese transliterations: lǐxiǎng [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄌㄧˇ ㄒㄧㄤˇ [Mandarin, bopomofo], lei⁵ soeng² [Cantonese, Jyutping], lî-sióng [Hakka, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], lī-siōng, lí-sióng [Hokkien, POJ], lí-siáng [Hokkien, POJ], li² siang² [Peng'im, Teochew], lǐxiǎng [Phonetic:líxiǎng] [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], lǐsiǎng [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], li³-hsiang³ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], lǐ-syǎng [Mandarin, Yale], liisheang [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], лисян [Mandarin, Palladius], lisjan [Mandarin, Palladius], léih séung [Cantonese, Yale], lei⁵ soeng² [Cantonese, Pinyin], léi⁵ sêng² [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], lî-sióng [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], li´ xiong` [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], li¹ xiong³ [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], lī-siōng [Foochow-Romanized, Fuzhou], lí-sióng [Hokkien, Tai-lo], lysiorng [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], lí-siáng [Hokkien, Tai-lo], lysiarng [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], lí siáng [POJ, Teochew]
Head templates: {{head|zh|adjective}} 理想
  1. ideal Derived forms: 理想主義 (lǐxiǎng zhǔyì), 理想主义 (lǐxiǎng zhǔyì), 理想化 (lǐxiǎnghuà), 理想家 (lǐxiǎngjiā), 理想氣體 (lǐxiǎng qìtǐ), 理想气体 (lǐxiǎng qìtǐ), 理想鄉 (lǐxiǎngxiāng), 理想乡 (lǐxiǎngxiāng)
    Sense id: en-理想-zh-adj-y8io~6hq Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 12 44 3 41

Noun [Chinese]

IPA: /li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /lei̯¹³ sœːŋ³⁵/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /li²⁴ si̯oŋ³¹/ [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sinological-IPA, Sixian], /l̃i³³⁻³⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾luoŋ³³/ [Fuzhou, Sinological-IPA], /li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁵³/ [Hokkien, Taipei, Xiamen], /li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siaŋ⁵³/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /li⁵²⁻³⁵ siaŋ⁵²⁻²¹/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/, /lei̯¹³ sœːŋ³⁵/, /li²⁴ si̯oŋ³¹/, /l̃i³³⁻³⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾luoŋ³³/, /li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁵³/, /li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/, /li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁴¹/, /li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siaŋ⁵³/, /li⁵²⁻³⁵ siaŋ⁵²⁻²¹/ Chinese transliterations: lǐxiǎng [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄌㄧˇ ㄒㄧㄤˇ [Mandarin, bopomofo], lei⁵ soeng² [Cantonese, Jyutping], lî-sióng [Hakka, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], lī-siōng, lí-sióng [Hokkien, POJ], lí-siáng [Hokkien, POJ], li² siang² [Peng'im, Teochew], lǐxiǎng [Phonetic:líxiǎng] [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], lǐsiǎng [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], li³-hsiang³ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], lǐ-syǎng [Mandarin, Yale], liisheang [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], лисян [Mandarin, Palladius], lisjan [Mandarin, Palladius], léih séung [Cantonese, Yale], lei⁵ soeng² [Cantonese, Pinyin], léi⁵ sêng² [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], lî-sióng [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], li´ xiong` [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], li¹ xiong³ [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], lī-siōng [Foochow-Romanized, Fuzhou], lí-sióng [Hokkien, Tai-lo], lysiorng [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], lí-siáng [Hokkien, Tai-lo], lysiarng [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], lí siáng [POJ, Teochew]
Head templates: {{head|zh|noun}} 理想
  1. ideal; dream Categories (topical): Thinking
    Sense id: en-理想-zh-noun-KK2XEkOJ Disambiguation of Thinking: 3 87 3 7 Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Elementary Mandarin Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 12 44 3 41 Disambiguation of Elementary Mandarin: 20 39 15 26
  2. (literary) theory Tags: literary
    Sense id: en-理想-zh-noun-9Dl7SAXg
  3. (mathematics) ideal Categories (topical): Mathematics
    Sense id: en-理想-zh-noun-y8io~6hq Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 12 44 3 41 Topics: mathematics, sciences
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: 壯志 (zhuàngzhì) (english: great ambitions), 壮志 (zhuàngzhì) (english: great ambitions), 夢寐 (mèngmèi) [literary], 梦寐 (mèngmèi) [literary], 夢想 (mèngxiǎng), 梦想 (mèngxiǎng), 心志 (xīnzhì), 心骨 (xīngǔ) [literary], 志事 (zhìshì) [literary], 志向 (zhìxiàng), 志氣 (zhìqì), 志气 (zhìqì), 懷抱 (huáibào) [literary], 怀抱 (huáibào) [literary], 抱負 (bàofù), 抱负 (bàofù), 權欲 (quányù) (english: lust for power) [derogatory], 权欲 (quányù) (english: lust for power) [derogatory], 職志 (zhízhì), 职志 (zhízhì), 野心 (yěxīn) (english: wild ambition), 雄心 (xióngxīn) (english: great ambitions), 學說 (xuéshuō), 学说 (xuéshuō), 理念 (lǐniàn), 理論 (lǐlùn), 理论 (lǐlùn), [in-compounds, literary], [in-compounds, literary], 論理 (lùnlǐ), 论理 (lùnlǐ)

Noun [Japanese]

IPA: [ɾʲiso̞ː] Forms: 理想 [canonical] (ruby: (), (そう)), risō [romanization], risau [romanization], りさう [hiragana, historical]
Etymology: May be a coinage in Japanese from Chinese-based roots as a compound of 理 (ri, “reason, principle”) + 想 (sō, “thought, thinking”). First cited in Japanese to the 1877 translation of John Stuart Mill's Utilitarianism, 利学 (Rigaku) by 西周 (“Nishi Amane”). Etymology templates: {{compound|ja|理|想|sort=りそう|t1=reason, principle|t2=thought, thinking|tr1=ri|tr2=sō}} 理 (ri, “reason, principle”) + 想 (sō, “thought, thinking”), {{m|ja||利学|tr=Rigaku}} 利学 (Rigaku), {{m|ja||西周|Nishi Amane}} 西周 (“Nishi Amane”) Head templates: {{ja-noun|りそう|hhira=りさう}} 理(り)想(そう) • (risō) ^(←りさう (risau)?)
  1. an ideal Wikipedia link: John Stuart Mill, Nishi Amane, Utilitarianism (book)

Noun [Korean]

Forms: isang [romanization], 이상 [hangeul]
Head templates: {{ko-noun|hangeul=이상}} 理想 • (isang) (hangeul 이상)
  1. Hanja form of 이상 (“ideal”). Tags: alt-of, hanja Alternative form of: 이상 (extra: ideal)

Noun [Vietnamese]

Head templates: {{head|vi|noun|||head=|tr=}} 理想, {{vi-noun|sc=Hani}} 理想
  1. chữ Hán form of lí tưởng (“ideal”).

Download JSON data for 理想 meaning in All languages combined (16.0kB)

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  "head_templates": [
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      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "理想",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "12 44 3 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 39 15 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Elementary Mandarin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 87 3 7",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Thinking",
          "orig": "zh:Thinking",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to fight for one's dreams",
          "roman": "wèi lǐxiǎng ér fèndòu",
          "text": "為理想而奮鬥/为理想而奋斗",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "common ideals",
          "roman": "gòngtóng lǐxiǎng",
          "text": "共同理想",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "the ideals of youth",
          "roman": "qīngchūn de lǐxiǎng",
          "text": "青春的理想",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to hold lofty ideals",
          "ref": "抱持著遠大的理想 [MSC, trad.]",
          "text": "抱持着远大的理想 [MSC, simp.]\nbàochí zhe yuǎndà de lǐxiǎng [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ideal; dream"
      ],
      "id": "en-理想-zh-noun-KK2XEkOJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "ideal",
          "ideal"
        ],
        [
          "dream",
          "dream"
        ]
      ]
    },
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      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "theory"
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      "id": "en-理想-zh-noun-9Dl7SAXg",
      "links": [
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          "theory",
          "theory"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(literary) theory"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Mathematics",
          "orig": "zh:Mathematics",
          "parents": [
            "Formal sciences",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 44 3 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ideal"
      ],
      "id": "en-理想-zh-noun-y8io~6hq",
      "links": [
        [
          "mathematics",
          "mathematics"
        ],
        [
          "ideal",
          "ideal"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(mathematics) ideal"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "mathematics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǐxiǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄌㄧˇ ㄒㄧㄤˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lei⁵ soeng²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lî-sióng"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "lī-siōng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lí-sióng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lí-siáng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "li² siang²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǐxiǎng [Phonetic:líxiǎng]"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǐsiǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "li³-hsiang³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǐ-syǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "liisheang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "лисян"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lisjan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "léih séung"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lei⁵ soeng²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "léi⁵ sêng²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lei̯¹³ sœːŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lî-sióng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "li´ xiong`"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "li¹ xiong³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li²⁴ si̯oŋ³¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lī-siōng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/l̃i³³⁻³⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾luoŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lí-sióng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lysiorng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lí-siáng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lysiarng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siaŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lí siáng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵²⁻³⁵ siaŋ⁵²⁻²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "[Phonetic: líxiǎng]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lei̯¹³ sœːŋ³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li²⁴ si̯oŋ³¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/l̃i³³⁻³⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾luoŋ³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siaŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵²⁻³⁵ siaŋ⁵²⁻²¹/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "great ambitions",
      "roman": "zhuàngzhì",
      "word": "壯志"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "great ambitions",
      "roman": "zhuàngzhì",
      "word": "壮志"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "mèngmèi",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "夢寐"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "mèngmèi",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "梦寐"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "mèngxiǎng",
      "word": "夢想"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "mèngxiǎng",
      "word": "梦想"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "xīnzhì",
      "word": "心志"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "xīngǔ",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "心骨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhìshì",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "志事"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhìxiàng",
      "word": "志向"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhìqì",
      "word": "志氣"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhìqì",
      "word": "志气"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "huáibào",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "懷抱"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "huáibào",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "怀抱"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "bàofù",
      "word": "抱負"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "bàofù",
      "word": "抱负"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "lust for power",
      "roman": "quányù",
      "tags": [
        "derogatory"
      ],
      "word": "權欲"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "lust for power",
      "roman": "quányù",
      "tags": [
        "derogatory"
      ],
      "word": "权欲"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhízhì",
      "word": "職志"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhízhì",
      "word": "职志"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "wild ambition",
      "roman": "yěxīn",
      "word": "野心"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "great ambitions",
      "roman": "xióngxīn",
      "word": "雄心"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "xuéshuō",
      "word": "學說"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "xuéshuō",
      "word": "学说"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "lǐniàn",
      "word": "理念"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "lǐlùn",
      "word": "理論"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "lǐlùn",
      "word": "理论"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "說"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "说"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "lùnlǐ",
      "word": "論理"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "lùnlǐ",
      "word": "论理"
    }
  ],
  "word": "理想"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "理想",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "12 44 3 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "lǐxiǎng zhǔyì",
          "word": "理想主義"
        },
        {
          "roman": "lǐxiǎng zhǔyì",
          "word": "理想主义"
        },
        {
          "roman": "lǐxiǎnghuà",
          "word": "理想化"
        },
        {
          "roman": "lǐxiǎngjiā",
          "word": "理想家"
        },
        {
          "roman": "lǐxiǎng qìtǐ",
          "word": "理想氣體"
        },
        {
          "roman": "lǐxiǎng qìtǐ",
          "word": "理想气体"
        },
        {
          "roman": "lǐxiǎngxiāng",
          "word": "理想鄉"
        },
        {
          "roman": "lǐxiǎngxiāng",
          "word": "理想乡"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "ideal society",
          "roman": "lǐxiǎng shèhuì",
          "text": "理想社會/理想社会",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ideal"
      ],
      "id": "en-理想-zh-adj-y8io~6hq",
      "links": [
        [
          "ideal",
          "ideal#Adjective"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǐxiǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄌㄧˇ ㄒㄧㄤˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lei⁵ soeng²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lî-sióng"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "lī-siōng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lí-sióng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lí-siáng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "li² siang²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǐxiǎng [Phonetic:líxiǎng]"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǐsiǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "li³-hsiang³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǐ-syǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "liisheang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "лисян"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lisjan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "léih séung"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lei⁵ soeng²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "léi⁵ sêng²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lei̯¹³ sœːŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lî-sióng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "li´ xiong`"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "li¹ xiong³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li²⁴ si̯oŋ³¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lī-siōng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/l̃i³³⁻³⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾luoŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lí-sióng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lysiorng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lí-siáng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lysiarng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siaŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lí siáng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵²⁻³⁵ siaŋ⁵²⁻²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "[Phonetic: líxiǎng]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lei̯¹³ sœːŋ³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li²⁴ si̯oŋ³¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/l̃i³³⁻³⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾luoŋ³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siaŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵²⁻³⁵ siaŋ⁵²⁻²¹/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "理想"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "이상"
          },
          "expansion": "이상 (isang)",
          "name": "ko-l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Korean: 이상 (isang)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "lí tưởng",
            "3": "",
            "gloss": "",
            "tr": ""
          },
          "expansion": "lí tưởng",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lí tưởng",
            "gloss": "",
            "tr": ""
          },
          "expansion": "lí tưởng",
          "name": "l/vi/Latn"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lí tưởng"
          },
          "expansion": "lí tưởng",
          "name": "vi-l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Vietnamese: lí tưởng"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "理",
        "3": "想",
        "sort": "りそう",
        "t1": "reason, principle",
        "t2": "thought, thinking",
        "tr1": "ri",
        "tr2": "sō"
      },
      "expansion": "理 (ri, “reason, principle”) + 想 (sō, “thought, thinking”)",
      "name": "compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "",
        "3": "利学",
        "tr": "Rigaku"
      },
      "expansion": "利学 (Rigaku)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "",
        "3": "西周",
        "4": "Nishi Amane"
      },
      "expansion": "西周 (“Nishi Amane”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "May be a coinage in Japanese from Chinese-based roots as a compound of 理 (ri, “reason, principle”) + 想 (sō, “thought, thinking”).\nFirst cited in Japanese to the 1877 translation of John Stuart Mill's Utilitarianism, 利学 (Rigaku) by 西周 (“Nishi Amane”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "理想",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "理",
          "り"
        ],
        [
          "想",
          "そう"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "risō",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "risau",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "りさう",
      "roman": "risau",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "りそう",
        "hhira": "りさう"
      },
      "expansion": "理(り)想(そう) • (risō) ^(←りさう (risau)?)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "an ideal"
      ],
      "id": "en-理想-ja-noun-N8hB5n5a",
      "links": [
        [
          "ideal",
          "ideal"
        ]
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "John Stuart Mill",
        "Nishi Amane",
        "Utilitarianism (book)"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "りそー"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɾʲiso̞ː]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "理想"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "isang",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "이상",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hangeul": "이상"
      },
      "expansion": "理想 • (isang) (hangeul 이상)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "ideal",
          "word": "이상"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hanja form of 이상 (“ideal”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-理想-ko-noun-gbiyAjNu",
      "links": [
        [
          "Hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "이상",
          "이상#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "ideal",
          "ideal"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "理想"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "理想",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "sc": "Hani"
      },
      "expansion": "理想",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "chữ Hán form of lí tưởng (“ideal”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-理想-vi-noun-6wEKKYmq",
      "links": [
        [
          "chữ Hán",
          "chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "lí tưởng",
          "lí tưởng#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "ideal",
          "ideal"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "理想"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese adjectives",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese nouns",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Eastern Min adjectives",
    "Eastern Min lemmas",
    "Eastern Min nouns",
    "Elementary Mandarin",
    "zh:Thinking"
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "理想",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to fight for one's dreams",
          "roman": "wèi lǐxiǎng ér fèndòu",
          "text": "為理想而奮鬥/为理想而奋斗",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "common ideals",
          "roman": "gòngtóng lǐxiǎng",
          "text": "共同理想",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "the ideals of youth",
          "roman": "qīngchūn de lǐxiǎng",
          "text": "青春的理想",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to hold lofty ideals",
          "ref": "抱持著遠大的理想 [MSC, trad.]",
          "text": "抱持着远大的理想 [MSC, simp.]\nbàochí zhe yuǎndà de lǐxiǎng [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ideal; dream"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ideal",
          "ideal"
        ],
        [
          "dream",
          "dream"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chinese literary terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "theory"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "theory",
          "theory"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(literary) theory"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "zh:Mathematics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ideal"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mathematics",
          "mathematics"
        ],
        [
          "ideal",
          "ideal"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(mathematics) ideal"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "mathematics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǐxiǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄌㄧˇ ㄒㄧㄤˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lei⁵ soeng²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lî-sióng"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "lī-siōng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lí-sióng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lí-siáng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "li² siang²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǐxiǎng [Phonetic:líxiǎng]"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǐsiǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "li³-hsiang³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǐ-syǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "liisheang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "лисян"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lisjan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "léih séung"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lei⁵ soeng²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "léi⁵ sêng²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lei̯¹³ sœːŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lî-sióng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "li´ xiong`"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "li¹ xiong³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li²⁴ si̯oŋ³¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lī-siōng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/l̃i³³⁻³⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾luoŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lí-sióng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lysiorng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lí-siáng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lysiarng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siaŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lí siáng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵²⁻³⁵ siaŋ⁵²⁻²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "[Phonetic: líxiǎng]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lei̯¹³ sœːŋ³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li²⁴ si̯oŋ³¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/l̃i³³⁻³⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾luoŋ³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siaŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵²⁻³⁵ siaŋ⁵²⁻²¹/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "english": "great ambitions",
      "roman": "zhuàngzhì",
      "word": "壯志"
    },
    {
      "english": "great ambitions",
      "roman": "zhuàngzhì",
      "word": "壮志"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mèngmèi",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "夢寐"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mèngmèi",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "梦寐"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mèngxiǎng",
      "word": "夢想"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mèngxiǎng",
      "word": "梦想"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīnzhì",
      "word": "心志"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xīngǔ",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "心骨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhìshì",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "志事"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhìxiàng",
      "word": "志向"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhìqì",
      "word": "志氣"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhìqì",
      "word": "志气"
    },
    {
      "roman": "huáibào",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "懷抱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "huáibào",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "怀抱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bàofù",
      "word": "抱負"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bàofù",
      "word": "抱负"
    },
    {
      "english": "lust for power",
      "roman": "quányù",
      "tags": [
        "derogatory"
      ],
      "word": "權欲"
    },
    {
      "english": "lust for power",
      "roman": "quányù",
      "tags": [
        "derogatory"
      ],
      "word": "权欲"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhízhì",
      "word": "職志"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhízhì",
      "word": "职志"
    },
    {
      "english": "wild ambition",
      "roman": "yěxīn",
      "word": "野心"
    },
    {
      "english": "great ambitions",
      "roman": "xióngxīn",
      "word": "雄心"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xuéshuō",
      "word": "學說"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xuéshuō",
      "word": "学说"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lǐniàn",
      "word": "理念"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lǐlùn",
      "word": "理論"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lǐlùn",
      "word": "理论"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "說"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "说"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lùnlǐ",
      "word": "論理"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lùnlǐ",
      "word": "论理"
    }
  ],
  "word": "理想"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese adjectives",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese nouns",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Eastern Min adjectives",
    "Eastern Min lemmas",
    "Eastern Min nouns",
    "Elementary Mandarin",
    "zh:Thinking"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "lǐxiǎng zhǔyì",
      "word": "理想主義"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lǐxiǎng zhǔyì",
      "word": "理想主义"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lǐxiǎnghuà",
      "word": "理想化"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lǐxiǎngjiā",
      "word": "理想家"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lǐxiǎng qìtǐ",
      "word": "理想氣體"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lǐxiǎng qìtǐ",
      "word": "理想气体"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lǐxiǎngxiāng",
      "word": "理想鄉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lǐxiǎngxiāng",
      "word": "理想乡"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "理想",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "ideal society",
          "roman": "lǐxiǎng shèhuì",
          "text": "理想社會/理想社会",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ideal"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ideal",
          "ideal#Adjective"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǐxiǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄌㄧˇ ㄒㄧㄤˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lei⁵ soeng²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lî-sióng"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "lī-siōng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lí-sióng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lí-siáng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "li² siang²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǐxiǎng [Phonetic:líxiǎng]"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǐsiǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "li³-hsiang³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lǐ-syǎng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "liisheang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "лисян"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lisjan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "léih séung"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lei⁵ soeng²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "léi⁵ sêng²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lei̯¹³ sœːŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lî-sióng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "li´ xiong`"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "li¹ xiong³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li²⁴ si̯oŋ³¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lī-siōng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/l̃i³³⁻³⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾luoŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lí-sióng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lysiorng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lí-siáng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lysiarng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siaŋ⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "lí siáng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵²⁻³⁵ siaŋ⁵²⁻²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "[Phonetic: líxiǎng]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lei̯¹³ sœːŋ³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li²⁴ si̯oŋ³¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/l̃i³³⁻³⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾luoŋ³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siaŋ⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/li⁵²⁻³⁵ siaŋ⁵²⁻²¹/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "理想"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "이상"
          },
          "expansion": "이상 (isang)",
          "name": "ko-l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Korean: 이상 (isang)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "lí tưởng",
            "3": "",
            "gloss": "",
            "tr": ""
          },
          "expansion": "lí tưởng",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lí tưởng",
            "gloss": "",
            "tr": ""
          },
          "expansion": "lí tưởng",
          "name": "l/vi/Latn"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lí tưởng"
          },
          "expansion": "lí tưởng",
          "name": "vi-l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Vietnamese: lí tưởng"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "理",
        "3": "想",
        "sort": "りそう",
        "t1": "reason, principle",
        "t2": "thought, thinking",
        "tr1": "ri",
        "tr2": "sō"
      },
      "expansion": "理 (ri, “reason, principle”) + 想 (sō, “thought, thinking”)",
      "name": "compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "",
        "3": "利学",
        "tr": "Rigaku"
      },
      "expansion": "利学 (Rigaku)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "",
        "3": "西周",
        "4": "Nishi Amane"
      },
      "expansion": "西周 (“Nishi Amane”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "May be a coinage in Japanese from Chinese-based roots as a compound of 理 (ri, “reason, principle”) + 想 (sō, “thought, thinking”).\nFirst cited in Japanese to the 1877 translation of John Stuart Mill's Utilitarianism, 利学 (Rigaku) by 西周 (“Nishi Amane”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "理想",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "理",
          "り"
        ],
        [
          "想",
          "そう"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "risō",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "risau",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "りさう",
      "roman": "risau",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "りそう",
        "hhira": "りさう"
      },
      "expansion": "理(り)想(そう) • (risō) ^(←りさう (risau)?)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese compound terms",
        "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Japanese lemmas",
        "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
        "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Japanese nouns",
        "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
        "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
        "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms written with two Han script characters"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "an ideal"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ideal",
          "ideal"
        ]
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "John Stuart Mill",
        "Nishi Amane",
        "Utilitarianism (book)"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "りそー"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɾʲiso̞ː]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "理想"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "isang",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "이상",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hangeul": "이상"
      },
      "expansion": "理想 • (isang) (hangeul 이상)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "ideal",
          "word": "이상"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
        "Korean lemmas",
        "Korean nouns",
        "Korean nouns in Han script",
        "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Korean terms with redundant script codes"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hanja form of 이상 (“ideal”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "이상",
          "이상#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "ideal",
          "ideal"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "理想"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "理想",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "sc": "Hani"
      },
      "expansion": "理想",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
        "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Vietnamese lemmas",
        "Vietnamese nouns",
        "Vietnamese nouns in Han script",
        "Vietnamese nouns without classifiers"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "chữ Hán form of lí tưởng (“ideal”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "chữ Hán",
          "chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "lí tưởng",
          "lí tưởng#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "ideal",
          "ideal"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "理想"
}
{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
  "path": [
    "理想"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "理想",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "理想"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "理想",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
    "理想"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "理想",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "理想"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "理想",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
  "path": [
    "理想"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "理想",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "理想"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "理想",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "理想"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "理想",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.