"拘" meaning in All languages combined

See 拘 on Wiktionary

Character [Chinese]

IPA: /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/ [Chengdu, Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /kʰɵy̯⁵⁵/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /kʰui³³/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA, Taicheng, Taishanese], /t͡ɕy⁴²/ [Gan, Nanchang, Sinological-IPA], /gi²⁴/ [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sinological-IPA, Sixian], /ki⁴⁴/ [Hakka, Meixian, Sinological-IPA], /t͡ɕy¹¹/ [Jin, Sinological-IPA, Taiyuan], /ky⁵⁴/ [Jian'ou, Sinological-IPA], /ky⁵⁵/ [Fuzhou, Sinological-IPA], /ku⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /ku³³/ [Hokkien, Jinjiang, Quanzhou], /kʰu³³/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /kʰu⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung, Taipei, Xiamen], /kʰi⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /kʰu³³/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /t͡ɕy³³/ [Changsha, Sinological-IPA, Xiang], /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/, /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/, /kʰɵy̯⁵⁵/, /kʰui³³/, /t͡ɕy⁴²/, /gi²⁴/, /ki⁴⁴/, /t͡ɕy¹¹/, /ky⁵⁴/, /ky⁵⁵/, /ku⁴⁴/, /ku³³/, /kʰu³³/, /kʰu⁴⁴/, /kʰi⁴⁴/, /kʰu³³/, /t͡ɕy⁵³/, /t͡ɕy³³/ Chinese transliterations: jū [Mandarin, Pinyin, standard], ju¹ [Mandarin, Pinyin, standard], ㄐㄩ [Mandarin, bopomofo, standard], ju¹ [Chengdu, Mandarin, Pinyin, Sichuanese], keoi¹ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Jyutping], kui¹ [Cantonese, Taishan, Wiktionary-specific], jy¹ [Gan, Wiktionary-specific], gî [Hakka, PFS, Sixian], gi¹ [Guangdong, Hakka, Meixian], jy¹ [Jin, Wiktionary-specific], gṳ́, gṳ̆, ku [Hokkien, POJ], khu [Hokkien, POJ], khi [Hokkien, POJ], ku¹ [Peng'im, Teochew], ¹ciu, jy¹, jū [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], ㄐㄩ [Mandarin, bopomofo], jyu [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], chü¹ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], jyū [Mandarin, Yale], jiu [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], цзюй [Mandarin, Palladius], czjuj [Mandarin, Palladius], gy [Chengdu, Latinxua-Sin-Wenz, Mandarin], keoi¹ [Cantonese, Jyutping], kēui [Cantonese, Yale], koey¹ [Cantonese, Pinyin], kêu¹ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], kui¹ [Cantonese, Taicheng, Taishanese, Wiktionary-specific], jy¹ [Gan, Nanchang, Wiktionary-specific], gî [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], gi´ [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], gi¹ [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], jy¹ [Jin, Taiyuan, Wiktionary-specific], gṳ́ [Jian'ou, Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized], gṳ̆ [Foochow-Romanized, Fuzhou], ku [Hokkien, Tai-lo], kw [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], khu [Hokkien, Tai-lo], qw [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], khi [Hokkien, Tai-lo], qy [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], khu [POJ, Teochew], ¹ciu [Wu], ciu^平 [Wu], ¹jy [Wu], /t͡ɕy⁵³/ [Wu], jy¹ [Changsha, Wiktionary-specific, Xiang], kju [Middle-Chinese], /*ko/ [Old-Chinese, Zhengzhang]
Etymology: Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ko) : semantic 扌 + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo). Etymology templates: {{m|zh|形聲|tr=-}} 形聲/形声, {{categorize|zh|Han phono-semantic compounds}}, {{liushu|psc|adj=|nocap=|pron=OC *ko}} Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ko), {{m|zh|手//|扌||tr=-}} 扌, {{m|zh|句//|||tr=<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted #000; cursor:help" title="Old Chinese">OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo</span>}} 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo), {{Han compound|手|句|alt1=扌|c1=s|c2=p|ls=psc}} Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ko) : semantic 扌 + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo) Head templates: {{head|zh|hanzi}} 拘
  1. to arrest; to detain
    Sense id: en-拘-zh-character-qPV~yn8a Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 29 16 3 0 11 9 32 0
  2. to restrain; to restrict; to constrain
    Sense id: en-拘-zh-character-d0XUoxmC Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 29 16 3 0 11 9 32 0
  3. to be inflexible
    Sense id: en-拘-zh-character-XwjLzhlg
  4. to limit
    Sense id: en-拘-zh-character-ndNVBW97
  5. (Cantonese, chiefly in the negative) to be concerned about; to mind; to worry Tags: Cantonese
    Sense id: en-拘-zh-character-COwgycAG Categories (other): Cantonese Chinese, Chinese negative polarity items, Chinese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 29 16 3 0 11 9 32 0
  6. to stop; to prevent Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-拘-zh-character-FFrGHbw2
  7. cramp; spasm Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-拘-zh-character-We5wzkv9 Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 29 16 3 0 11 9 32 0
  8. beat; meter Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-拘-zh-character-7bMtCY7~
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: 不拘 (bùjū), 不拘一格 (bùjūyīgé), 不拘小節 (bùjūxiǎojié), 不拘小节 (bùjūxiǎojié), 不拘細行, 不拘细行, 執拘, 执拘, 急張拘諸, 急张拘诸, 拘介, 拘俗守常, 拘倦, 拘儒, 拘兒, 拘儿, 拘刷, 拘囿, 拘執 (jūzhí), 拘执 (jūzhí), 拘守, 拘局, 拘役 (jūyì), 拘忌 (jūjì), 拘急, 拘扣, 拘押 (jūyā), 拘拘, 拘拘儒儒, 拘拘束束, 拘拘縮縮, 拘拘缩缩, 拘拿 (jūná), 拘捕 (jūbǔ), 拘提, 拘攣, 拘挛, 拘攣兒, 拘挛儿, 拘攣補衲, 拘挛补衲, 拘收, 拘文牽俗, 拘文牵俗, 拘束 (jūshù), 拘板, 拘檢, 拘检, 拘泥 (jūnì), 拘牽, 拘牵, 拘留 (jūliú), 拘留所 (jūliúsuǒ), 拘礙, 拘碍, 拘神遣將, 拘神遣将, 拘票, 拘禁 (jūjìn), 拘禮 (jūlǐ), 拘礼 (jūlǐ), 拘管, 拘絆, 拘绊, 拘緊, 拘紧, 拘繫, 拘系, 拘謹 (jūjǐn), 拘谨 (jūjǐn), 拘鉗, 拘钳, 拘限 (jūxiàn), 拘頭, 拘头, 放縱不拘, 放纵不拘, 無拘無束 (wújūwúshù), 无拘无束 (wújūwúshù), 無束無拘, 无束无拘, 疏宕不拘, 病不拘禮, 病不拘礼, 禮俗所拘, 礼俗所拘, 老不拘禮, 老不拘礼, 行拘 (xíngjū), 通脫不拘, 通脱不拘, 隔山拘火

Character [Japanese]

Forms: “Jōyō” kanji [common]
  1. Tags: kanji, no-gloss

Character [Korean]

IPA: [ku] [SK-Standard, Seoul] Forms: 잡을 구 [eumhun]
Head templates: {{ko-hanja|잡다|잡을|구}} 拘 (eumhun 잡을 구 (jabeul gu))
  1. Hanja form of 구 (“restrain, seize, detain”). Tags: alt-of, hanja Alternative form of: (extra: restrain, seize, detain)

Character [Translingual]

  1. 拘 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 手心口 (QPR), four-corner 5702₀, composition ⿰扌句)

Character [Vietnamese]

Forms: câu [Hán-Nôm]
  1. Tags: no-gloss
    Sense id: en-拘-vi-character-47DEQpj8

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for 拘 meaning in All languages combined (16.7kB)

{
  "lang": "Translingual",
  "lang_code": "mul",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "拘 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 手心口 (QPR), four-corner 5702₀, composition ⿰扌句)"
      ],
      "id": "en-拘-mul-character-dh2RmKud",
      "links": [
        [
          "Kangxi radical",
          "Kangxi radical"
        ],
        [
          "扌",
          "扌#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "句",
          "句#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "han"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "拘"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bùjū",
      "word": "不拘"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bùjūyīgé",
      "word": "不拘一格"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bùjūxiǎojié",
      "word": "不拘小節"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bùjūxiǎojié",
      "word": "不拘小节"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "不拘細行"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "不拘细行"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "執拘"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "执拘"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "急張拘諸"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "急张拘诸"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘介"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘俗守常"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘倦"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘儒"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘兒"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘儿"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘刷"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘囿"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jūzhí",
      "word": "拘執"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jūzhí",
      "word": "拘执"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘守"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘局"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jūyì",
      "word": "拘役"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jūjì",
      "word": "拘忌"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘急"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘扣"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jūyā",
      "word": "拘押"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘拘"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘拘儒儒"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘拘束束"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘拘縮縮"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘拘缩缩"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jūná",
      "word": "拘拿"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jūbǔ",
      "word": "拘捕"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘提"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘攣"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘挛"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘攣兒"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘挛儿"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘攣補衲"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘挛补衲"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘收"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘文牽俗"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘文牵俗"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jūshù",
      "word": "拘束"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘板"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘檢"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘检"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jūnì",
      "word": "拘泥"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘牽"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘牵"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jūliú",
      "word": "拘留"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jūliúsuǒ",
      "word": "拘留所"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘礙"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘碍"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘神遣將"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘神遣将"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘票"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jūjìn",
      "word": "拘禁"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jūlǐ",
      "word": "拘禮"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jūlǐ",
      "word": "拘礼"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘管"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘絆"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘绊"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘緊"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘紧"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘繫"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘系"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jūjǐn",
      "word": "拘謹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jūjǐn",
      "word": "拘谨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘鉗"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘钳"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jūxiàn",
      "word": "拘限"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘頭"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "拘头"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "放縱不拘"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "放纵不拘"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wújūwúshù",
      "word": "無拘無束"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wújūwúshù",
      "word": "无拘无束"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "無束無拘"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "无束无拘"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "疏宕不拘"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "病不拘禮"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "病不拘礼"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "禮俗所拘"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "礼俗所拘"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "老不拘禮"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "老不拘礼"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xíngjū",
      "word": "行拘"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "通脫不拘"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "通脱不拘"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "隔山拘火"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "形聲",
        "tr": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "形聲/形声",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "psc",
        "adj": "",
        "nocap": "",
        "pron": "OC *ko"
      },
      "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ko)",
      "name": "liushu"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "手//",
        "3": "扌",
        "4": "",
        "tr": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "扌",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "句//",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "tr": "<span style=\"border-bottom: 1px dotted #000; cursor:help\" title=\"Old Chinese\">OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo</span>"
      },
      "expansion": "句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "手",
        "2": "句",
        "alt1": "扌",
        "c1": "s",
        "c2": "p",
        "ls": "psc"
      },
      "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ko) : semantic 扌 + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo)",
      "name": "Han compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ko) : semantic 扌 + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "拘",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "29 16 3 0 11 9 32 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to detain",
          "roman": "jūliú",
          "text": "拘留",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to arrest; to detain"
      ],
      "id": "en-拘-zh-character-qPV~yn8a",
      "links": [
        [
          "arrest",
          "arrest"
        ],
        [
          "detain",
          "detain"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "29 16 3 0 11 9 32 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "拘束 ― jūshù ― to constrain",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "拘謹/拘谨 ― jūjǐn ― overcautious",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to restrain; to restrict; to constrain"
      ],
      "id": "en-拘-zh-character-d0XUoxmC",
      "links": [
        [
          "restrain",
          "restrain"
        ],
        [
          "restrict",
          "restrict"
        ],
        [
          "constrain",
          "constrain"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to rigidly adhere to",
          "roman": "jūní",
          "text": "拘泥",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be inflexible"
      ],
      "id": "en-拘-zh-character-XwjLzhlg",
      "links": [
        [
          "inflexible",
          "inflexible"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "not limited to one type or style",
          "roman": "bùjūyīgé",
          "text": "不拘一格",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to limit"
      ],
      "id": "en-拘-zh-character-ndNVBW97",
      "links": [
        [
          "limit",
          "limit"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Cantonese Chinese",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese negative polarity items",
          "parents": [
            "Negative polarity items",
            "Terms by semantic function"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 16 3 0 11 9 32 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be concerned about; to mind; to worry"
      ],
      "id": "en-拘-zh-character-COwgycAG",
      "links": [
        [
          "concerned",
          "concerned"
        ],
        [
          "mind",
          "mind"
        ],
        [
          "worry",
          "worry"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Cantonese, chiefly in the negative) to be concerned about; to mind; to worry"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in the negative"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to stop; to prevent"
      ],
      "id": "en-拘-zh-character-FFrGHbw2",
      "links": [
        [
          "stop",
          "stop"
        ],
        [
          "prevent",
          "prevent"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "29 16 3 0 11 9 32 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cramp; spasm"
      ],
      "id": "en-拘-zh-character-We5wzkv9",
      "links": [
        [
          "cramp",
          "cramp"
        ],
        [
          "spasm",
          "spasm"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "beat; meter"
      ],
      "id": "en-拘-zh-character-7bMtCY7~",
      "links": [
        [
          "beat",
          "beat"
        ],
        [
          "meter",
          "meter"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ju¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄐㄩ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Chengdu",
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin",
        "Sichuanese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ju¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "keoi¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kui¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jy¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "PFS",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gî"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Guangdong",
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gi¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jy¹"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "gṳ́"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "gṳ̆"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ku"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ku¹"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "¹ciu"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "jy¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄐㄩ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jyu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chü¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jyū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jiu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цзюй"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "czjuj"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕy⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Chengdu",
        "Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gy"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕy⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Chengdu",
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "keoi¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kēui"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "koey¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kêu¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɵy̯⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Taishanese",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kui¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰui³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Taicheng",
        "Taishanese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jy¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕy⁴²/",
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gî"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gi´"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gi¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/gi²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ki⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jy¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕy¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Taiyuan"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jian'ou",
        "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gṳ́"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ky⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Jian'ou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gṳ̆"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ky⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ku"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kw"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Jinjiang",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qw"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung",
        "Taipei",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qy"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰi⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khu"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "¹ciu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ciu^平"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "¹jy"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/t͡ɕy⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Changsha",
        "Wiktionary-specific",
        "Xiang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jy¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕy³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Changsha",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Xiang"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kju"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*ko/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/ khu /"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕy⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕy⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɵy̯⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰui³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕy⁴²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/gi²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ki⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕy¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ky⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ky⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰi⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕy⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕy³³/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*ko/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "拘"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
      "tags": [
        "common"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Common kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "id": "en-拘-ja-character-47DEQpj8",
      "tags": [
        "kanji",
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "拘"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "잡을 구",
      "roman": "jabeul gu",
      "tags": [
        "eumhun"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "잡다",
        "2": "잡을",
        "3": "구"
      },
      "expansion": "拘 (eumhun 잡을 구 (jabeul gu))",
      "name": "ko-hanja"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "restrain, seize, detain",
          "word": "구"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hanja form of 구 (“restrain, seize, detain”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-拘-ko-character-hE5K~YNT",
      "links": [
        [
          "Hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "구",
          "구#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "restrain",
          "restrain"
        ],
        [
          "seize",
          "seize"
        ],
        [
          "detain",
          "detain"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hanja"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ku]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "[구]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "拘"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "câu",
      "tags": [
        "Hán-Nôm"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "id": "en-拘-vi-character-47DEQpj8",
      "raw_tags": [
        "han"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "拘"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese Han characters",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Chinese verbs",
    "Eastern Min lemmas",
    "Eastern Min verbs",
    "Middle Chinese lemmas",
    "Northern Min lemmas",
    "Northern Min verbs",
    "Old Chinese lemmas"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "bùjū",
      "word": "不拘"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bùjūyīgé",
      "word": "不拘一格"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bùjūxiǎojié",
      "word": "不拘小節"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bùjūxiǎojié",
      "word": "不拘小节"
    },
    {
      "word": "不拘細行"
    },
    {
      "word": "不拘细行"
    },
    {
      "word": "執拘"
    },
    {
      "word": "执拘"
    },
    {
      "word": "急張拘諸"
    },
    {
      "word": "急张拘诸"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘介"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘俗守常"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘倦"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘儒"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘兒"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘儿"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘刷"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘囿"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jūzhí",
      "word": "拘執"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jūzhí",
      "word": "拘执"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘守"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘局"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jūyì",
      "word": "拘役"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jūjì",
      "word": "拘忌"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘急"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘扣"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jūyā",
      "word": "拘押"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘拘"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘拘儒儒"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘拘束束"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘拘縮縮"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘拘缩缩"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jūná",
      "word": "拘拿"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jūbǔ",
      "word": "拘捕"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘提"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘攣"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘挛"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘攣兒"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘挛儿"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘攣補衲"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘挛补衲"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘收"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘文牽俗"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘文牵俗"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jūshù",
      "word": "拘束"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘板"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘檢"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘检"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jūnì",
      "word": "拘泥"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘牽"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘牵"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jūliú",
      "word": "拘留"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jūliúsuǒ",
      "word": "拘留所"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘礙"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘碍"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘神遣將"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘神遣将"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘票"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jūjìn",
      "word": "拘禁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jūlǐ",
      "word": "拘禮"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jūlǐ",
      "word": "拘礼"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘管"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘絆"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘绊"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘緊"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘紧"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘繫"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘系"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jūjǐn",
      "word": "拘謹"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jūjǐn",
      "word": "拘谨"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘鉗"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘钳"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jūxiàn",
      "word": "拘限"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘頭"
    },
    {
      "word": "拘头"
    },
    {
      "word": "放縱不拘"
    },
    {
      "word": "放纵不拘"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wújūwúshù",
      "word": "無拘無束"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wújūwúshù",
      "word": "无拘无束"
    },
    {
      "word": "無束無拘"
    },
    {
      "word": "无束无拘"
    },
    {
      "word": "疏宕不拘"
    },
    {
      "word": "病不拘禮"
    },
    {
      "word": "病不拘礼"
    },
    {
      "word": "禮俗所拘"
    },
    {
      "word": "礼俗所拘"
    },
    {
      "word": "老不拘禮"
    },
    {
      "word": "老不拘礼"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xíngjū",
      "word": "行拘"
    },
    {
      "word": "通脫不拘"
    },
    {
      "word": "通脱不拘"
    },
    {
      "word": "隔山拘火"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "形聲",
        "tr": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "形聲/形声",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "psc",
        "adj": "",
        "nocap": "",
        "pron": "OC *ko"
      },
      "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ko)",
      "name": "liushu"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "手//",
        "3": "扌",
        "4": "",
        "tr": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "扌",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "句//",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "tr": "<span style=\"border-bottom: 1px dotted #000; cursor:help\" title=\"Old Chinese\">OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo</span>"
      },
      "expansion": "句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "手",
        "2": "句",
        "alt1": "扌",
        "c1": "s",
        "c2": "p",
        "ls": "psc"
      },
      "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ko) : semantic 扌 + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo)",
      "name": "Han compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ko) : semantic 扌 + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "拘",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to detain",
          "roman": "jūliú",
          "text": "拘留",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to arrest; to detain"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "arrest",
          "arrest"
        ],
        [
          "detain",
          "detain"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "拘束 ― jūshù ― to constrain",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "拘謹/拘谨 ― jūjǐn ― overcautious",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to restrain; to restrict; to constrain"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "restrain",
          "restrain"
        ],
        [
          "restrict",
          "restrict"
        ],
        [
          "constrain",
          "constrain"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to rigidly adhere to",
          "roman": "jūní",
          "text": "拘泥",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be inflexible"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "inflexible",
          "inflexible"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "not limited to one type or style",
          "roman": "bùjūyīgé",
          "text": "不拘一格",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to limit"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "limit",
          "limit"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese Chinese",
        "Chinese negative polarity items"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be concerned about; to mind; to worry"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "concerned",
          "concerned"
        ],
        [
          "mind",
          "mind"
        ],
        [
          "worry",
          "worry"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Cantonese, chiefly in the negative) to be concerned about; to mind; to worry"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in the negative"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to stop; to prevent"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stop",
          "stop"
        ],
        [
          "prevent",
          "prevent"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "cramp; spasm"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cramp",
          "cramp"
        ],
        [
          "spasm",
          "spasm"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "beat; meter"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "beat",
          "beat"
        ],
        [
          "meter",
          "meter"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ju¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄐㄩ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Chengdu",
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin",
        "Sichuanese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ju¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "keoi¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taishan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kui¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jy¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "PFS",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gî"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Guangdong",
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gi¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jy¹"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "gṳ́"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "gṳ̆"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ku"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ku¹"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "¹ciu"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "jy¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄐㄩ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jyu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chü¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jyū"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jiu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цзюй"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "czjuj"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕy⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Chengdu",
        "Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gy"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕy⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Chengdu",
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "keoi¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kēui"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "koey¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kêu¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɵy̯⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Taicheng",
        "Taishanese",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kui¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰui³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Taicheng",
        "Taishanese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jy¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕy⁴²/",
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gî"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gi´"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gi¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/gi²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ki⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jy¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕy¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Taiyuan"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jian'ou",
        "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gṳ́"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ky⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Jian'ou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gṳ̆"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ky⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ku"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kw"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Jinjiang",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qw"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung",
        "Taipei",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qy"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰi⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khu"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "¹ciu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ciu^平"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "¹jy"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/t͡ɕy⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Changsha",
        "Wiktionary-specific",
        "Xiang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "jy¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕy³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Changsha",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Xiang"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kju"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*ko/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/ khu /"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕy⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕy⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰɵy̯⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰui³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕy⁴²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/gi²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ki⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕy¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ky⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ky⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰi⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰu³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕy⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕy³³/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*ko/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "拘"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
      "tags": [
        "common"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Common kanji",
        "Japanese Han characters",
        "Japanese kanji with goon reading く",
        "Japanese kanji with kan'on reading く",
        "Japanese kanji with kan'on reading こう",
        "Japanese kanji with kun reading かか-わる",
        "Japanese kanji with kun reading こだわ-る",
        "Japanese kanji with kun reading とど-める",
        "Japanese kanji with kun reading とら-える",
        "Japanese terms spelled with 拘",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
        "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "kanji",
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "拘"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "잡을 구",
      "roman": "jabeul gu",
      "tags": [
        "eumhun"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "잡다",
        "2": "잡을",
        "3": "구"
      },
      "expansion": "拘 (eumhun 잡을 구 (jabeul gu))",
      "name": "ko-hanja"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "restrain, seize, detain",
          "word": "구"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Korean Han characters",
        "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
        "Korean lemmas",
        "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hanja form of 구 (“restrain, seize, detain”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "구",
          "구#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "restrain",
          "restrain"
        ],
        [
          "seize",
          "seize"
        ],
        [
          "detain",
          "detain"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hanja"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ku]",
      "tags": [
        "SK-Standard",
        "Seoul"
      ]
    },
    {
      "other": "[구]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "拘"
}

{
  "lang": "Translingual",
  "lang_code": "mul",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Han script characters",
        "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
        "Translingual lemmas",
        "Translingual symbols",
        "Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "拘 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 手心口 (QPR), four-corner 5702₀, composition ⿰扌句)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Kangxi radical",
          "Kangxi radical"
        ],
        [
          "扌",
          "扌#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "句",
          "句#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "han"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "拘"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "câu",
      "tags": [
        "Hán-Nôm"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Vietnamese Han characters",
        "Vietnamese Han characters with unconfirmed readings",
        "Vietnamese lemmas"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "han"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "拘"
}
{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary)'",
  "path": [
    "拘"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "拘",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
  "path": [
    "拘"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "拘",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "拘"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "拘",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
  "path": [
    "拘"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "拘",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
  "path": [
    "拘"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "拘",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Northern)'",
  "path": [
    "拘"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "拘",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Shanghai):'",
  "path": [
    "拘"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "拘",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
  "path": [
    "拘"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "拘",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min (KCR)'",
  "path": [
    "拘"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "拘",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "拘"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "拘",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
  "path": [
    "拘"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "拘",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min'",
  "path": [
    "拘"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "拘",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
  "path": [
    "拘"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "拘",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
    "拘"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "拘",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
  "path": [
    "拘"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "拘",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.