See گرم on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for گرم meaning in All languages combined (14.2kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bsk",
"2": "hi",
"3": "ग्राम",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Hindi ग्राम (grām)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bsk",
"2": "hi",
"3": "ग्राम"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Hindi ग्राम (grām)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Hindi ग्राम (grām).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "giram",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bsk",
"2": "noun",
"tr": "giram"
},
"expansion": "گرم (giram)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Burushaski",
"lang_code": "bsk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Burushaski entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"village"
],
"id": "en-گرم-bsk-noun-Bc--KDOB",
"links": [
[
"village",
"village"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡiram]"
}
],
"word": "گرم"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "iir-pro",
"4": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "گرم",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "garm",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian گرم (garm)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "گرم",
"tr": "garm"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian گرم (garm)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian گرم (garm)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "garam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ગરમ",
"tags": [
"Gujarati",
"Standard"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "Standard Gujarati",
"4": "ગરમ",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"head": "",
"sccat": "1",
"sort": "",
"tr": "garam"
},
"expansion": "گرم • (garam) (Standard Gujarati ગરમ)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"mgu": "ગરમ",
"tr": "garam"
},
"expansion": "گرم • (garam) (Standard Gujarati ગરમ)",
"name": "gu-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Gujarati",
"lang_code": "gu",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gujarati adjectives in Arabic script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gujarati entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lisan ud-Dawat Gujarati",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hot"
],
"id": "en-گرم-gu-adj-f10WGOfS",
"links": [
[
"hot",
"hot"
]
],
"tags": [
"Lisan-ud-Dawat"
]
}
],
"word": "گرم"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "firearm",
"roman": "aslahe garm",
"word": "اسلحه گرم"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "sympathetic",
"roman": "xun-garm",
"word": "خون گرم"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "bravo",
"roman": "damet garm",
"word": "دمت گرم"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "lukewarm",
"roman": "šir-garm",
"word": "شیر گرم"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "nimble, lively",
"roman": "garm-xiz",
"word": "گرم خیز"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "quick runner",
"roman": "garm-row",
"word": "گرم رو"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "tepid, lukewarm",
"roman": "garm-sard",
"word": "گرم سرد"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "fresh-hot",
"roman": "garmâ-garm",
"word": "گرما گرم"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "tropical area",
"roman": "garmsir",
"word": "گرمسیر"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "heat",
"roman": "garmi",
"word": "گرمی"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "as",
"2": "গৰম",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Assamese: গৰম (gorom)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Assamese: গৰম (gorom)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"2": "গরম",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Bengali: গরম (gorom)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bengali: গরম (gorom)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "ગરમ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Gujarati: ગરમ (garam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Gujarati: ગરમ (garam)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "गर्म",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindi: गर्म (garm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindi: गर्म (garm)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "گرم",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "garm"
},
"expansion": "→ Urdu: گرم (garm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Urdu: گرم (garm)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "geram",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Malay: geram",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Malay: geram"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "geram"
},
"expansion": "Indonesian: geram",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Indonesian: geram"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "गरम",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Marathi: गरम (garam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Marathi: गरम (garam)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਗਰਮ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Punjabi: ਗਰਮ (garam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Punjabi: ਗਰਮ (garam)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "",
"t": "warm",
"tr": "glm",
"ts": "garm"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [script needed] (glm /garm/, “warm”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*garmáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *garmáh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*gʰarmás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰarmás",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷʰer-",
"t": "to warm, heat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“to warm, heat”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "warm"
},
"expansion": "English warm",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"2": "garma-",
"t": "hot"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese garma- (“hot”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [script needed] (glm /garm/, “warm”), from Proto-Iranian *garmáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰarmás, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“to warm, heat”), whence also English warm. Cognate with Khotanese garma- (“hot”), etc.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "garm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "گرمتَر",
"roman": "garm-tar",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "گرمتَرین",
"roman": "garm-tarin",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"c": "+",
"tr": "garm"
},
"expansion": "گرم • (garm) (comparative گرمتَر (garm-tar), superlative گرمتَرین (garm-tarin))",
"name": "fa-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "hot weather",
"roman": "garmâ",
"word": "گرما"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "bathhouse, hammam",
"roman": "garmâbe",
"word": "گرمابه"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "cold",
"word": "سرد"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "In the desert, the weather is very hot.",
"roman": "dar biyâbân havâ xeyli garm ast.",
"text": "در بیابان هوا خیلی گرم است",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"warm, hot"
],
"id": "en-گرم-fa-adj-e79M5Rv3",
"links": [
[
"warm",
"warm"
],
[
"hot",
"hot"
]
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "cold, lukewarm",
"word": "سرد"
}
],
"glosses": [
"warm, enthusiastic, passionate"
],
"id": "en-گرم-fa-adj-F-3QY3BP",
"links": [
[
"warm",
"warm"
],
[
"enthusiastic",
"enthusiastic"
],
[
"passionate",
"passionate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) warm, enthusiastic, passionate"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"impressive, charming"
],
"id": "en-گرم-fa-adj-HQCXcy1P",
"links": [
[
"impressive",
"impressive"
],
[
"charming",
"charming"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) impressive, charming"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"friendly"
],
"id": "en-گرم-fa-adj-TESKQG3N",
"links": [
[
"friendly",
"friendly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) friendly"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡaɾm]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡäɾm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡäɾm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡäɾm]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡäɾm]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʲæɹm]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡäɾm]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʲæːɾm]",
"tags": [
"Iranian-Persian"
]
},
{
"audio": "Fa-گرم.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/Fa-%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%85.ogg/Fa-%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%85.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/Fa-%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%85.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "گرم"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "fr",
"3": "gramme"
},
"expansion": "French gramme",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French gramme.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "geram",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "گرمها",
"roman": "geram-hâ",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "گرمها",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "geram-hâ",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "geram",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "گرم • (geram) (plural گرمها (geram-hâ))",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "گرمها",
"tr": "geram"
},
"expansion": "گرم • (geram) (plural گرمها (geram-hâ))",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 14 17 2 36 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gram"
],
"id": "en-گرم-fa-noun-yqdRA8U7",
"links": [
[
"gram",
"gram"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡʲeˈɾæm]",
"tags": [
"Iranian-Persian"
]
}
],
"word": "گرم"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "горе"
},
"expansion": "Russian горе (gore)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Russian горе (gore)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gorm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "gorm",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "گرم • (gorm)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "gorm"
},
"expansion": "گرم • (gorm)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"grief"
],
"id": "en-گرم-fa-noun-YxRaj7Tw",
"links": [
[
"grief",
"grief"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) grief"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"word": "گرم"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷʰer-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*gʰar-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*gar-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "iir-pro",
"4": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "گرم",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "garm",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian گرم (garm)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "گرم",
"tr": "garm"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian گرم (garm)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"2": "গরম"
},
"expansion": "Bengali গরম (gorom)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "ગરમ"
},
"expansion": "Gujarati ગરમ (garam)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "गरम"
},
"expansion": "Marathi गरम (garam)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "as",
"2": "গৰম"
},
"expansion": "Assamese গৰম (gorom)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian گرم (garm). Compare Bengali গরম (gorom), Gujarati ગરમ (garam), Marathi गरम (garam), Assamese গৰম (gorom).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "garm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "गर्म",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hi": "गर्म",
"ind": "1",
"tr": "garm"
},
"expansion": "گرم • (garm) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling गर्म)",
"name": "ur-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "garmī",
"word": "گرمی"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"warm; hot"
],
"id": "en-گرم-ur-adj-eTBEp5~g",
"links": [
[
"warm",
"warm"
],
[
"hot",
"hot"
]
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 78 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"active, live; fresh"
],
"id": "en-گرم-ur-adj-v~JxOBJY",
"links": [
[
"active",
"active"
],
[
"live",
"live"
],
[
"fresh",
"fresh"
]
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"angry, furious"
],
"id": "en-گرم-ur-adj-bJMUhsGI",
"links": [
[
"angry",
"angry"
],
[
"furious",
"furious"
]
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡə.ɾəm/",
"tags": [
"Standard",
"Urdu"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡəɾm/",
"tags": [
"Standard",
"Urdu"
]
}
],
"word": "گرم"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ush",
"2": "ur",
"3": "گرم",
"tr": "garm"
},
"expansion": "Urdu گرم (garm)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Urdu گرم (garm).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "garm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ush",
"2": "adjective",
"g": "",
"tr": "garm"
},
"expansion": "گرم (garm)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ushojo",
"lang_code": "ush",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ushojo entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"warm, hot"
],
"id": "en-گرم-ush-adj-e79M5Rv3",
"links": [
[
"warm",
"warm"
],
[
"hot",
"hot"
]
]
}
],
"word": "گرم"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bsk",
"2": "hi",
"3": "ग्राम",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Hindi ग्राम (grām)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bsk",
"2": "hi",
"3": "ग्राम"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Hindi ग्राम (grām)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Hindi ग्राम (grām).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "giram",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bsk",
"2": "noun",
"tr": "giram"
},
"expansion": "گرم (giram)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Burushaski",
"lang_code": "bsk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Burushaski entries with incorrect language header",
"Burushaski lemmas",
"Burushaski nouns",
"Burushaski terms borrowed from Hindi",
"Burushaski terms derived from Hindi",
"Burushaski terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"village"
],
"links": [
[
"village",
"village"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡiram]"
}
],
"word": "گرم"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "iir-pro",
"4": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "گرم",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "garm",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian گرم (garm)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "گرم",
"tr": "garm"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian گرم (garm)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian گرم (garm)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "garam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ગરમ",
"tags": [
"Gujarati",
"Standard"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "Standard Gujarati",
"4": "ગરમ",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"head": "",
"sccat": "1",
"sort": "",
"tr": "garam"
},
"expansion": "گرم • (garam) (Standard Gujarati ગરમ)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"mgu": "ગરમ",
"tr": "garam"
},
"expansion": "گرم • (garam) (Standard Gujarati ગરમ)",
"name": "gu-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Gujarati",
"lang_code": "gu",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Gujarati adjectives",
"Gujarati adjectives in Arabic script",
"Gujarati entries with incorrect language header",
"Gujarati lemmas",
"Gujarati terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
"Gujarati terms derived from Classical Persian",
"Gujarati terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Gujarati terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Gujarati terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Lisan ud-Dawat Gujarati"
],
"glosses": [
"hot"
],
"links": [
[
"hot",
"hot"
]
],
"tags": [
"Lisan-ud-Dawat"
]
}
],
"word": "گرم"
}
{
"categories": [
"Persian adjectives",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Persian terms with audio links",
"Requests for native script for Middle Persian terms"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "firearm",
"roman": "aslahe garm",
"word": "اسلحه گرم"
},
{
"english": "sympathetic",
"roman": "xun-garm",
"word": "خون گرم"
},
{
"english": "bravo",
"roman": "damet garm",
"word": "دمت گرم"
},
{
"english": "lukewarm",
"roman": "šir-garm",
"word": "شیر گرم"
},
{
"english": "nimble, lively",
"roman": "garm-xiz",
"word": "گرم خیز"
},
{
"english": "quick runner",
"roman": "garm-row",
"word": "گرم رو"
},
{
"english": "tepid, lukewarm",
"roman": "garm-sard",
"word": "گرم سرد"
},
{
"english": "fresh-hot",
"roman": "garmâ-garm",
"word": "گرما گرم"
},
{
"english": "tropical area",
"roman": "garmsir",
"word": "گرمسیر"
},
{
"english": "heat",
"roman": "garmi",
"word": "گرمی"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "as",
"2": "গৰম",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Assamese: গৰম (gorom)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Assamese: গৰম (gorom)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"2": "গরম",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Bengali: গরম (gorom)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bengali: গরম (gorom)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "ગરમ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Gujarati: ગરમ (garam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Gujarati: ગરમ (garam)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "गर्म",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindi: गर्म (garm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindi: गर्म (garm)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "گرم",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "garm"
},
"expansion": "→ Urdu: گرم (garm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Urdu: گرم (garm)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "geram",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Malay: geram",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Malay: geram"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "geram"
},
"expansion": "Indonesian: geram",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Indonesian: geram"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "गरम",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Marathi: गरम (garam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Marathi: गरम (garam)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਗਰਮ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Punjabi: ਗਰਮ (garam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Punjabi: ਗਰਮ (garam)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "",
"t": "warm",
"tr": "glm",
"ts": "garm"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [script needed] (glm /garm/, “warm”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*garmáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *garmáh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*gʰarmás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰarmás",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷʰer-",
"t": "to warm, heat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“to warm, heat”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "warm"
},
"expansion": "English warm",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"2": "garma-",
"t": "hot"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese garma- (“hot”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [script needed] (glm /garm/, “warm”), from Proto-Iranian *garmáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰarmás, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“to warm, heat”), whence also English warm. Cognate with Khotanese garma- (“hot”), etc.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "garm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "گرمتَر",
"roman": "garm-tar",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "گرمتَرین",
"roman": "garm-tarin",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"c": "+",
"tr": "garm"
},
"expansion": "گرم • (garm) (comparative گرمتَر (garm-tar), superlative گرمتَرین (garm-tarin))",
"name": "fa-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"english": "hot weather",
"roman": "garmâ",
"word": "گرما"
},
{
"english": "bathhouse, hammam",
"roman": "garmâbe",
"word": "گرمابه"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "cold",
"word": "سرد"
}
],
"categories": [
"Persian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "In the desert, the weather is very hot.",
"roman": "dar biyâbân havâ xeyli garm ast.",
"text": "در بیابان هوا خیلی گرم است",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"warm, hot"
],
"links": [
[
"warm",
"warm"
],
[
"hot",
"hot"
]
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "cold, lukewarm",
"word": "سرد"
}
],
"glosses": [
"warm, enthusiastic, passionate"
],
"links": [
[
"warm",
"warm"
],
[
"enthusiastic",
"enthusiastic"
],
[
"passionate",
"passionate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) warm, enthusiastic, passionate"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"impressive, charming"
],
"links": [
[
"impressive",
"impressive"
],
[
"charming",
"charming"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) impressive, charming"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"friendly"
],
"links": [
[
"friendly",
"friendly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) friendly"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡaɾm]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡäɾm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡäɾm]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡäɾm]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡäɾm]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʲæɹm]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡäɾm]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʲæːɾm]",
"tags": [
"Iranian-Persian"
]
},
{
"audio": "Fa-گرم.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/Fa-%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%85.ogg/Fa-%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%85.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/Fa-%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%85.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "گرم"
}
{
"categories": [
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian terms borrowed from French",
"Persian terms derived from French",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "fr",
"3": "gramme"
},
"expansion": "French gramme",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French gramme.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "geram",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "گرمها",
"roman": "geram-hâ",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "گرمها",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "geram-hâ",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "geram",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "گرم • (geram) (plural گرمها (geram-hâ))",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "گرمها",
"tr": "geram"
},
"expansion": "گرم • (geram) (plural گرمها (geram-hâ))",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"gram"
],
"links": [
[
"gram",
"gram"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡʲeˈɾæm]",
"tags": [
"Iranian-Persian"
]
}
],
"word": "گرم"
}
{
"categories": [
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "горе"
},
"expansion": "Russian горе (gore)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Russian горе (gore)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gorm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "gorm",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "گرم • (gorm)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "gorm"
},
"expansion": "گرم • (gorm)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"grief"
],
"links": [
[
"grief",
"grief"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) grief"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"word": "گرم"
}
{
"categories": [
"Urdu adjectives",
"Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"Urdu indeclinable adjectives",
"Urdu lemmas",
"Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Urdu terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Urdu terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Urdu terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷʰer-",
"Urdu terms derived from the Proto-Indo-Iranian root *gʰar-",
"Urdu terms derived from the Proto-Iranian root *gar-",
"Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Urdu terms with redundant head parameter"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷʰer-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*gʰar-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*gar-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "iir-pro",
"4": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "گرم",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "garm",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian گرم (garm)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "گرم",
"tr": "garm"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian گرم (garm)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"2": "গরম"
},
"expansion": "Bengali গরম (gorom)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "ગરમ"
},
"expansion": "Gujarati ગરમ (garam)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "गरम"
},
"expansion": "Marathi गरम (garam)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "as",
"2": "গৰম"
},
"expansion": "Assamese গৰম (gorom)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian گرم (garm). Compare Bengali গরম (gorom), Gujarati ગરમ (garam), Marathi गरम (garam), Assamese গৰম (gorom).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "garm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "गर्म",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hi": "गर्म",
"ind": "1",
"tr": "garm"
},
"expansion": "گرم • (garm) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling गर्म)",
"name": "ur-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"roman": "garmī",
"word": "گرمی"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"warm; hot"
],
"links": [
[
"warm",
"warm"
],
[
"hot",
"hot"
]
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"active, live; fresh"
],
"links": [
[
"active",
"active"
],
[
"live",
"live"
],
[
"fresh",
"fresh"
]
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"angry, furious"
],
"links": [
[
"angry",
"angry"
],
[
"furious",
"furious"
]
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡə.ɾəm/",
"tags": [
"Standard",
"Urdu"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡəɾm/",
"tags": [
"Standard",
"Urdu"
]
}
],
"word": "گرم"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ush",
"2": "ur",
"3": "گرم",
"tr": "garm"
},
"expansion": "Urdu گرم (garm)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Urdu گرم (garm).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "garm",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ush",
"2": "adjective",
"g": "",
"tr": "garm"
},
"expansion": "گرم (garm)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ushojo",
"lang_code": "ush",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ushojo adjectives",
"Ushojo entries with incorrect language header",
"Ushojo lemmas",
"Ushojo terms borrowed from Urdu",
"Ushojo terms derived from Urdu"
],
"glosses": [
"warm, hot"
],
"links": [
[
"warm",
"warm"
],
[
"hot",
"hot"
]
]
}
],
"word": "گرم"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.