See ـش on Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "-شِ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-şi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbo",
"2": "suffix",
"head": "-شِ",
"tr": "-şi"
},
"expansion": "-شِ (-şi)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgar",
"lang_code": "xbo",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgar entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix creating ordinals."
],
"id": "en-ـش-xbo-suffix-XD51P973",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Volga Bulgar) Suffix creating ordinals."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-م"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ـش"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "-aš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "اش",
"roman": "-aš",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ـیش",
"roman": "-yaš",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "suffix",
"tr": "-aš"
},
"expansion": "ـش • (-aš)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "73 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "80 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "77 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Third-person singular possessive suffix."
],
"id": "en-ـش-fa-suffix-fvkRjfL0",
"related": [
{
"roman": "-am",
"word": "ـَم"
},
{
"roman": "-amân",
"word": "ـَمان"
},
{
"roman": "-at",
"word": "ـَت"
},
{
"roman": "-atân",
"word": "ـَتان"
},
{
"roman": "-aš",
"word": "ـَش"
},
{
"roman": "-ašân",
"word": "ـَشان"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[‿aʃ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿äʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿äʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿äʃ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿äʃ]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[‿æʃ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿äʃ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "ـش"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "ـښت",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "-ëx̌t"
},
"expansion": "→ Pashto: ـښت (-ëx̌t)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Pashto: ـښت (-ëx̌t)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "𐭱𐭭",
"tr": "-išn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭱𐭭 (-išn)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian 𐭱𐭭 (-išn).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-eš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ـیش",
"roman": "-yeš",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ـشت",
"roman": "-ešt",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "suffix",
"tr": "-eš"
},
"expansion": "ـش • (-eš)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A suffix appended to the present stem of a verb, forming a noun describing the action of that verb; roughly equivalent to -tion or -ment"
],
"id": "en-ـش-fa-suffix-ZlA5Ighr",
"links": [
[
"-tion",
"-tion#English"
],
[
"-ment",
"-ment#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[‿iʃ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿ɪʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿ɪʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿ɪʃ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿iʃ]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[‿eʃ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿iʃ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
},
{
"audio": "Fa-ش.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/Fa-%D8%B4.ogg/Fa-%D8%B4.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Fa-%D8%B4.ogg"
}
],
"word": "ـش"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "-iş"
},
"expansion": "Turkish -iş",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare Turkish -iş.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-sh",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "ـش • (-sh)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ـش • (-sh)",
"name": "ug-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Uyghur",
"lang_code": "ug",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with collapsible category trees for nonexistent categories",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Uyghur entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"infinitive ending of verbs having an open syllable"
],
"id": "en-ـش-ug-suffix-yNS-bIQw",
"links": [
[
"open syllable",
"open syllable#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "-ish",
"word": "ـىش"
},
{
"roman": "-ush",
"word": "ـۇش"
},
{
"roman": "-üsh",
"word": "ـۈش"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ـش"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "-شِ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-şi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbo",
"2": "suffix",
"head": "-شِ",
"tr": "-şi"
},
"expansion": "-شِ (-şi)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgar",
"lang_code": "xbo",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bulgar entries with incorrect language header",
"Bulgar lemmas",
"Bulgar suffixes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix creating ordinals."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Volga Bulgar) Suffix creating ordinals."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-م"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ـش"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian suffixes",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "-aš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "اش",
"roman": "-aš",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ـیش",
"roman": "-yaš",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "suffix",
"tr": "-aš"
},
"expansion": "ـش • (-aš)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"roman": "-am",
"word": "ـَم"
},
{
"roman": "-amân",
"word": "ـَمان"
},
{
"roman": "-at",
"word": "ـَت"
},
{
"roman": "-atân",
"word": "ـَتان"
},
{
"roman": "-aš",
"word": "ـَش"
},
{
"roman": "-ašân",
"word": "ـَشان"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Third-person singular possessive suffix."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[‿aʃ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿äʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿äʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿äʃ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿äʃ]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[‿æʃ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿äʃ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "ـش"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian suffixes",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "ـښت",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "-ëx̌t"
},
"expansion": "→ Pashto: ـښت (-ëx̌t)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Pashto: ـښت (-ëx̌t)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "𐭱𐭭",
"tr": "-išn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭱𐭭 (-išn)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian 𐭱𐭭 (-išn).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-eš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ـیش",
"roman": "-yeš",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ـشت",
"roman": "-ešt",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "suffix",
"tr": "-eš"
},
"expansion": "ـش • (-eš)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A suffix appended to the present stem of a verb, forming a noun describing the action of that verb; roughly equivalent to -tion or -ment"
],
"links": [
[
"-tion",
"-tion#English"
],
[
"-ment",
"-ment#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[‿iʃ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿ɪʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿ɪʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿ɪʃ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿iʃ]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[‿eʃ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿iʃ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
},
{
"audio": "Fa-ش.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/Fa-%D8%B4.ogg/Fa-%D8%B4.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Fa-%D8%B4.ogg"
}
],
"word": "ـش"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "-iş"
},
"expansion": "Turkish -iş",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare Turkish -iş.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-sh",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "ـش • (-sh)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ـش • (-sh)",
"name": "ug-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Uyghur",
"lang_code": "ug",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"roman": "-ish",
"word": "ـىش"
},
{
"roman": "-ush",
"word": "ـۇش"
},
{
"roman": "-üsh",
"word": "ـۈش"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Entries with collapsible category trees for nonexistent categories",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Uyghur entries with incorrect language header",
"Uyghur lemmas",
"Uyghur suffixes"
],
"glosses": [
"infinitive ending of verbs having an open syllable"
],
"links": [
[
"open syllable",
"open syllable#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ـش"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ـش meaning in All languages combined (5.0kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Volga Bulgar",
"path": [
"ـش"
],
"section": "Bulgar",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "ـش",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Volga Bulgar",
"path": [
"ـش"
],
"section": "Bulgar",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "ـش",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (3dadd05 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.