"кем" meaning in All languages combined

See кем on Wiktionary

Pronoun [Bashkir]

IPA: [kɪ̞m]
Etymology: From Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰚𐰢 (kim, “who”), Kazakh кім (kım), Kyrgyz ким (kim), Uzbek kim, Turkish kim, etc. Etymology templates: {{inh|ba|trk-pro|*kem|gloss=who}} Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”), {{cog|otk|𐰚𐰢|t=who|tr=kim}} Old Turkic 𐰚𐰢 (kim, “who”), {{cog|kk|кім}} Kazakh кім (kım), {{cog|ky|ким}} Kyrgyz ким (kim), {{cog|uz|kim}} Uzbek kim, {{cog|tr|kim}} Turkish kim Head templates: {{head|ba|pronoun|cat2=interrogative pronouns}} кем • (kem) Inflection templates: {{ba-decl-noun|кем|кемдәр|кемдең|кемдәрҙең|кемгә|кемдәргә|кемде|кемдәрҙе|кемдә|кемдәрҙә|кемдән|кемдәрҙән}} Forms: kem [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], кем [absolute, singular], кемдәр [absolute, plural], кемдең [definite, genitive, singular], кемдәрҙең [definite, genitive, plural], кемгә [dative, singular], кемдәргә [dative, plural], кемде [accusative, definite, singular], кемдәрҙе [accusative, definite, plural], кемдә [locative, singular], кемдәрҙә [locative, plural], кемдән [ablative, singular], кемдәрҙән [ablative, plural]
  1. who Derived forms: һәр кем (hər kem) (english: everybody)

Noun [Erzya]

IPA: /kem/ Forms: kem [romanization]
Etymology: From Proto-Mordvinic *kämə, from Proto-Uralic *kämä (“shoe”). Etymology templates: {{inh|myv|urj-mdv-pro|*kämə}} Proto-Mordvinic *kämə, {{inh|myv|urj-pro|*kämä||shoe}} Proto-Uralic *kämä (“shoe”) Head templates: {{head|myv|noun}} кем • (kem)
  1. boot
    Sense id: en-кем-myv-noun-RQm-sKtA Categories (other): Erzya entries with incorrect language header

Adjective [Kazakh]

Forms: kem [romanization]
Etymology: From Persian کم (kam). Etymology templates: {{bor|kk|fa|کم|tr=kam}} Persian کم (kam) Head templates: {{head|kk|adjective}} кем • (kem)
  1. lesser, smaller, fewer
    Sense id: en-кем-kk-adj-qsnDJ54R Categories (other): Kazakh entries with incorrect language header

Pronoun [Russian]

IPA: [kʲem] Forms: kem [romanization]
Head templates: {{head|ru|pronoun form}} кем • (kem)
  1. instrumental of кто (kto) Tags: form-of, instrumental Form of: кто (extra: kto) Synonyms: кѣмъ — Pre-reform orthography (1918) (kěm)
    Sense id: en-кем-ru-pron--WBYxetm Categories (other): Russian entries with incorrect language header

Pronoun [Shor]

IPA: [kem] Forms: kem [romanization]
Etymology: From Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”). Etymology templates: {{inh|cjs|trk-pro|*kem|gloss=who}} Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”) Head templates: {{head|cjs|pronoun|tr=kem}} кем • (kem)
  1. who
    Sense id: en-кем-cjs-pron-btAzcUC9 Categories (other): Shor entries with incorrect language header, Shor pronouns

Pronoun [Southern Altai]

Forms: kem [romanization]
Etymology: From Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”). Etymology templates: {{inh|alt|trk-pro|*kem|gloss=who}} Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”) Head templates: {{head|alt|pronoun}} кем • (kem)
  1. who
    Sense id: en-кем-alt-pron-btAzcUC9 Categories (other): Southern Altai entries with incorrect language header, Southern Altai pronouns

Download JSON data for кем meaning in All languages combined (8.9kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ba",
        "2": "trk-pro",
        "3": "*kem",
        "gloss": "who"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "otk",
        "2": "𐰚𐰢",
        "t": "who",
        "tr": "kim"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Turkic 𐰚𐰢 (kim, “who”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kk",
        "2": "кім"
      },
      "expansion": "Kazakh кім (kım)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ky",
        "2": "ким"
      },
      "expansion": "Kyrgyz ким (kim)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "uz",
        "2": "kim"
      },
      "expansion": "Uzbek kim",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "kim"
      },
      "expansion": "Turkish kim",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”).\nCognate with Old Turkic 𐰚𐰢 (kim, “who”), Kazakh кім (kım), Kyrgyz ким (kim), Uzbek kim, Turkish kim, etc.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kem",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ba-noun-c",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кем",
      "roman": "kem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "absolute",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кемдәр",
      "roman": "kemdər",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "absolute",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кемдең",
      "roman": "kemdeñ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кемдәрҙең",
      "roman": "kemdərźeñ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кемгә",
      "roman": "kemgə",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кемдәргә",
      "roman": "kemdərgə",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кемде",
      "roman": "kemde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кемдәрҙе",
      "roman": "kemdərźe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кемдә",
      "roman": "kemdə",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кемдәрҙә",
      "roman": "kemdərźə",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кемдән",
      "roman": "kemdən",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кемдәрҙән",
      "roman": "kemdərźən",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ba",
        "2": "pronoun",
        "cat2": "interrogative pronouns"
      },
      "expansion": "кем • (kem)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "кем"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "кем",
        "10": "кемдәрҙә",
        "11": "кемдән",
        "12": "кемдәрҙән",
        "2": "кемдәр",
        "3": "кемдең",
        "4": "кемдәрҙең",
        "5": "кемгә",
        "6": "кемдәргә",
        "7": "кемде",
        "8": "кемдәрҙе",
        "9": "кемдә"
      },
      "name": "ba-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Bashkir",
  "lang_code": "ba",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Bashkir entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Bashkir interrogative pronouns",
          "parents": [
            "Interrogative pronouns",
            "Interrogative pro-forms",
            "Pronouns",
            "Pro-forms",
            "Lemmas",
            "Terms by semantic function"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Bashkir pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Turkic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "english": "everybody",
          "roman": "hər kem",
          "word": "һәр кем"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "If you are a liar, who will believe you?",
          "roman": "Aldaqsı bulhañ, hiñə kem ışana?",
          "text": "Алдаҡсы булһаң, һиңә кем ышана?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Who knows, maybe there is another reason as well.",
          "roman": "Kem belə, bəlki, başqa səbəbe lə barźır.",
          "text": "Кем белә, бәлки, башҡа сәбәбе лә барҙыр.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "I don't care who they take me for.",
          "roman": "Mine kemgə hanayźar ikən, mineñ ösön barıber.",
          "text": "Мине кемгә hанайҙар икән, минең өсөн барыбер.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "who"
      ],
      "id": "en-кем-ba-pron-btAzcUC9",
      "links": [
        [
          "who",
          "who"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kɪ̞m]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "кем"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv",
        "2": "urj-mdv-pro",
        "3": "*kämə"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Mordvinic *kämə",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "*kämä",
        "4": "",
        "5": "shoe"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *kämä (“shoe”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Mordvinic *kämə, from Proto-Uralic *kämä (“shoe”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kem",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "кем • (kem)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "кем"
  ],
  "lang": "Erzya",
  "lang_code": "myv",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Erzya entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "No bag for the journey or extra shirt or sandals or a staff, for the worker is worth his keep.\n(literally, “... or boots ...”)",
          "ref": "1821, Novum Testamentum Mordvinice litt. cyrill., page 22",
          "text": "А сумать ки ланксъ, а кавто одіожатъ, а кемть, а палкань, сексъ кона труди, се андови.\nA sumať ki lanks, a kavto odіožat, a kemť , a palkań, śeks kona truďi, śe andovi.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "boot"
      ],
      "id": "en-кем-myv-noun-RQm-sKtA",
      "links": [
        [
          "boot",
          "boot"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kem/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "кем"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kk",
        "2": "fa",
        "3": "کم",
        "tr": "kam"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian کم (kam)",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Persian کم (kam).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kem",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kk",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "кем • (kem)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Kazakh",
  "lang_code": "kk",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Kazakh entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "lesser, smaller, fewer"
      ],
      "id": "en-кем-kk-adj-qsnDJ54R",
      "links": [
        [
          "lesser",
          "lesser"
        ],
        [
          "smaller",
          "smaller"
        ],
        [
          "fewer",
          "fewer"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "кем"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kem",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "pronoun form"
      },
      "expansion": "кем • (kem)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "kto",
          "word": "кто"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "instrumental of кто (kto)"
      ],
      "id": "en-кем-ru-pron--WBYxetm",
      "links": [
        [
          "кто",
          "кто#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "kěm",
          "word": "кѣмъ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kʲem]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "кем"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cjs",
        "2": "trk-pro",
        "3": "*kem",
        "gloss": "who"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kem",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cjs",
        "2": "pronoun",
        "tr": "kem"
      },
      "expansion": "кем • (kem)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Shor",
  "lang_code": "cjs",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Shor entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Shor pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "who"
      ],
      "id": "en-кем-cjs-pron-btAzcUC9",
      "links": [
        [
          "who",
          "who"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kem]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "кем"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "alt",
        "2": "trk-pro",
        "3": "*kem",
        "gloss": "who"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kem",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "alt",
        "2": "pronoun"
      },
      "expansion": "кем • (kem)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Southern Altai",
  "lang_code": "alt",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Southern Altai entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Southern Altai pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "who"
      ],
      "id": "en-кем-alt-pron-btAzcUC9",
      "links": [
        [
          "who",
          "who"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "кем"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "everybody",
      "roman": "hər kem",
      "word": "һәр кем"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ba",
        "2": "trk-pro",
        "3": "*kem",
        "gloss": "who"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "otk",
        "2": "𐰚𐰢",
        "t": "who",
        "tr": "kim"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Turkic 𐰚𐰢 (kim, “who”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kk",
        "2": "кім"
      },
      "expansion": "Kazakh кім (kım)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ky",
        "2": "ким"
      },
      "expansion": "Kyrgyz ким (kim)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "uz",
        "2": "kim"
      },
      "expansion": "Uzbek kim",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "kim"
      },
      "expansion": "Turkish kim",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”).\nCognate with Old Turkic 𐰚𐰢 (kim, “who”), Kazakh кім (kım), Kyrgyz ким (kim), Uzbek kim, Turkish kim, etc.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kem",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ba-noun-c",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кем",
      "roman": "kem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "absolute",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кемдәр",
      "roman": "kemdər",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "absolute",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кемдең",
      "roman": "kemdeñ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кемдәрҙең",
      "roman": "kemdərźeñ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кемгә",
      "roman": "kemgə",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кемдәргә",
      "roman": "kemdərgə",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кемде",
      "roman": "kemde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кемдәрҙе",
      "roman": "kemdərźe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кемдә",
      "roman": "kemdə",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кемдәрҙә",
      "roman": "kemdərźə",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кемдән",
      "roman": "kemdən",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кемдәрҙән",
      "roman": "kemdərźən",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ba",
        "2": "pronoun",
        "cat2": "interrogative pronouns"
      },
      "expansion": "кем • (kem)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "кем"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "кем",
        "10": "кемдәрҙә",
        "11": "кемдән",
        "12": "кемдәрҙән",
        "2": "кемдәр",
        "3": "кемдең",
        "4": "кемдәрҙең",
        "5": "кемгә",
        "6": "кемдәргә",
        "7": "кемде",
        "8": "кемдәрҙе",
        "9": "кемдә"
      },
      "name": "ba-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Bashkir",
  "lang_code": "ba",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Bashkir entries with incorrect language header",
        "Bashkir interrogative pronouns",
        "Bashkir lemmas",
        "Bashkir pronouns",
        "Bashkir terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
        "Bashkir terms inherited from Proto-Turkic",
        "Bashkir terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Bashkir terms with usage examples",
        "Old Turkic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "If you are a liar, who will believe you?",
          "roman": "Aldaqsı bulhañ, hiñə kem ışana?",
          "text": "Алдаҡсы булһаң, һиңә кем ышана?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Who knows, maybe there is another reason as well.",
          "roman": "Kem belə, bəlki, başqa səbəbe lə barźır.",
          "text": "Кем белә, бәлки, башҡа сәбәбе лә барҙыр.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "I don't care who they take me for.",
          "roman": "Mine kemgə hanayźar ikən, mineñ ösön barıber.",
          "text": "Мине кемгә hанайҙар икән, минең өсөн барыбер.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "who"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "who",
          "who"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kɪ̞m]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "кем"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv",
        "2": "urj-mdv-pro",
        "3": "*kämə"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Mordvinic *kämə",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "*kämä",
        "4": "",
        "5": "shoe"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *kämä (“shoe”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Mordvinic *kämə, from Proto-Uralic *kämä (“shoe”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kem",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "myv",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "кем • (kem)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "кем"
  ],
  "lang": "Erzya",
  "lang_code": "myv",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Erzya entries with incorrect language header",
        "Erzya lemmas",
        "Erzya nouns",
        "Erzya terms derived from Proto-Mordvinic",
        "Erzya terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
        "Erzya terms inherited from Proto-Mordvinic",
        "Erzya terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
        "Erzya terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Erzya terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "No bag for the journey or extra shirt or sandals or a staff, for the worker is worth his keep.\n(literally, “... or boots ...”)",
          "ref": "1821, Novum Testamentum Mordvinice litt. cyrill., page 22",
          "text": "А сумать ки ланксъ, а кавто одіожатъ, а кемть, а палкань, сексъ кона труди, се андови.\nA sumať ki lanks, a kavto odіožat, a kemť , a palkań, śeks kona truďi, śe andovi.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "boot"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "boot",
          "boot"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kem/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "кем"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kk",
        "2": "fa",
        "3": "کم",
        "tr": "kam"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian کم (kam)",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Persian کم (kam).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kem",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kk",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "кем • (kem)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Kazakh",
  "lang_code": "kk",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Kazakh adjectives",
        "Kazakh entries with incorrect language header",
        "Kazakh lemmas",
        "Kazakh terms borrowed from Persian",
        "Kazakh terms derived from Persian"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "lesser, smaller, fewer"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lesser",
          "lesser"
        ],
        [
          "smaller",
          "smaller"
        ],
        [
          "fewer",
          "fewer"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "кем"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kem",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "pronoun form"
      },
      "expansion": "кем • (kem)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Russian 1-syllable words",
        "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Russian non-lemma forms",
        "Russian pronoun forms",
        "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "kto",
          "word": "кто"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "instrumental of кто (kto)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "кто",
          "кто#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kʲem]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "kěm",
      "word": "кѣмъ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "кем"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cjs",
        "2": "trk-pro",
        "3": "*kem",
        "gloss": "who"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kem",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cjs",
        "2": "pronoun",
        "tr": "kem"
      },
      "expansion": "кем • (kem)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Shor",
  "lang_code": "cjs",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Shor entries with incorrect language header",
        "Shor lemmas",
        "Shor pronouns",
        "Shor terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
        "Shor terms inherited from Proto-Turkic",
        "Shor terms with IPA pronunciation"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "who"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "who",
          "who"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kem]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "кем"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "alt",
        "2": "trk-pro",
        "3": "*kem",
        "gloss": "who"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kem",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "alt",
        "2": "pronoun"
      },
      "expansion": "кем • (kem)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Southern Altai",
  "lang_code": "alt",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Southern Altai entries with incorrect language header",
        "Southern Altai lemmas",
        "Southern Altai pronouns",
        "Southern Altai terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
        "Southern Altai terms inherited from Proto-Turkic"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "who"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "who",
          "who"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "кем"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.