"čuxъ" meaning in All languages combined

See čuxъ on Wiktionary

Noun [Proto-Slavic]

Etymology: Onomatopoeic, seemingly related to Proto-Slavic *čukъ (“knock, clatter”), *cukъ (“tick, tock”). Probably derived from a non-attested *čuti (“to growl, to bark”) + *-xъ attested as extended *čьvati. Compare further Proto-Indo-European *kew- (“to howl, to wail”), *(s)kew- (“to shout, to scold”). For the suffix, compare Proto-Slavic *kyxъ (“cough”), *ťuxъ (“wail”), *buxъ (“woo, cough”), *puxъ (“pant”). Etymology templates: {{cog|sla-pro|*čukъ||knock, clatter}} Proto-Slavic *čukъ (“knock, clatter”), {{m|sla-pro|*cukъ||tick, tock}} *cukъ (“tick, tock”), {{affix|sla-pro|*čuti|*-xъ|t1=to growl, to bark}} *čuti (“to growl, to bark”) + *-xъ, {{m|sla-pro|*čьvati}} *čьvati, {{cog|ine-pro|*kew-||to howl, to wail}} Proto-Indo-European *kew- (“to howl, to wail”), {{m|ine-pro|*(s)kew-||to shout, to scold}} *(s)kew- (“to shout, to scold”), {{cog|sla-pro|*kyxъ||cough}} Proto-Slavic *kyxъ (“cough”), {{m|sla-pro|*ťuxъ||wail}} *ťuxъ (“wail”), {{m|sla-pro|*buxъ||woo, cough}} *buxъ (“woo, cough”), {{m|sla-pro|*puxъ||pant}} *puxъ (“pant”) Inflection templates: {{sla-decl-noun}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], nominative, čuxъ [singular], čuxa [dual], čuśi [plural], genitive, čuxa [singular], čuxu [dual], čuxъ [plural], dative, čuxu [singular], čuxoma [dual], čuxomъ [plural], accusative, čuxy [plural], instrumental, čuxъmь [singular], čuxomь [singular], locative, čuśě [singular], čuśěxъ [plural], vocative, čuše [singular]
  1. growl, grouch, bark (low, rumbling sound) Tags: masculine, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-čuxъ-sla-pro-noun-OyrYAdLF
  2. puff, sniffle (action that produces rumbling noise) Tags: masculine, reconstruction Related terms (*čuxa (“sniffing animal”)): чу́ха (čúxa) (english: piglet) [Russian]
    Sense id: en-čuxъ-sla-pro-noun-D5FRBSsU Disambiguation of '*čuxa (“sniffing animal”)': 39 50 11
  3. choo (as interjection) Tags: masculine, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-čuxъ-sla-pro-noun-m3Iin14P Categories (other): Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-xъ Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header: 17 22 39 17 5 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-xъ: 16 18 35 20 11
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: čuxati (english: to choo) Related terms: čьvati, ščьvati (english: to bark, to harass), xula (english: reproach, unjust vilification), čula (english: grumpy animal)
Etymology number: 1

Noun [Proto-Slavic]

Etymology: From *čuti (“to sense, to feel”) + *-xъ. Etymology templates: {{affix|sla-pro|*čuti|*-xъ|t1=to sense, to feel}} *čuti (“to sense, to feel”) + *-xъ Inflection templates: {{sla-decl-noun}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], nominative, čuxъ [singular], čuxa [dual], čuśi [plural], genitive, čuxa [singular], čuxu [dual], čuxъ [plural], dative, čuxu [singular], čuxoma [dual], čuxomъ [plural], accusative, čuxy [plural], instrumental, čuxъmь [singular], čuxomь [singular], locative, čuśě [singular], čuśěxъ [plural], vocative, čuše [singular]
  1. feeling, scent Tags: masculine, reconstruction Synonyms: *usętъ, *čutьje
    Sense id: en-čuxъ-sla-pro-noun-XWKIbrWk
  2. (particularly) smell, odor, stench Tags: masculine, reconstruction Synonyms: *voňa, *ňuxъ, *smordь
    Sense id: en-čuxъ-sla-pro-noun-2kMWYbNT
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: čuxati (english: to sense, to smell) Related terms: čutьje (english: feeling, scent), čuvьstvo (english: feeling), čudlo (english: sense)
Etymology number: 2

Download JSON data for čuxъ meaning in All languages combined (10.3kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "to choo",
      "word": "čuxati"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "чух",
            "3": "цух"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: чух (čux), цух (cux)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "interjection"
          },
          "expansion": "(interjection)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: чух (čux), цух (cux) (interjection)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "чух",
            "3": "шуф"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: чух (čux), шуф (šuf)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: чух (čux), шуф (šuf)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "чух"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: чух (čuh)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "кюх"
          },
          "expansion": "кюх (kjuh)",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "кюф"
          },
          "expansion": "кюф (kjuf)",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(dialectal)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: чух (čuh), probably also кюх (kjuh), кюф (kjuf) (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "čȗh",
            "t": "puff, pant"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: čȗh (“puff, pant”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: čȗh (“puff, pant”)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*čukъ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "knock, clatter"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *čukъ (“knock, clatter”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*cukъ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "tick, tock"
      },
      "expansion": "*cukъ (“tick, tock”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*čuti",
        "3": "*-xъ",
        "t1": "to growl, to bark"
      },
      "expansion": "*čuti (“to growl, to bark”) + *-xъ",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*čьvati"
      },
      "expansion": "*čьvati",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*kew-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to howl, to wail"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kew- (“to howl, to wail”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*(s)kew-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to shout, to scold"
      },
      "expansion": "*(s)kew- (“to shout, to scold”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*kyxъ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "cough"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kyxъ (“cough”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*ťuxъ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "wail"
      },
      "expansion": "*ťuxъ (“wail”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*buxъ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "woo, cough"
      },
      "expansion": "*buxъ (“woo, cough”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*puxъ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "pant"
      },
      "expansion": "*puxъ (“pant”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Onomatopoeic, seemingly related to Proto-Slavic *čukъ (“knock, clatter”), *cukъ (“tick, tock”). Probably derived from a non-attested *čuti (“to growl, to bark”) + *-xъ attested as extended *čьvati. Compare further Proto-Indo-European *kew- (“to howl, to wail”), *(s)kew- (“to shout, to scold”).\nFor the suffix, compare Proto-Slavic *kyxъ (“cough”), *ťuxъ (“wail”), *buxъ (“woo, cough”), *puxъ (“pant”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nominative",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuśi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "genitive",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dative",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxoma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxomъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accusative",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "instrumental",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxъmь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxomь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "locative",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuśě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuśěxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vocative",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuše",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čuxъ",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "čьvati"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "to bark, to harass",
      "word": "ščьvati"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "reproach, unjust vilification",
      "word": "xula"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "grumpy animal",
      "word": "čula"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "growl, grouch, bark (low, rumbling sound)"
      ],
      "id": "en-čuxъ-sla-pro-noun-OyrYAdLF",
      "links": [
        [
          "growl",
          "growl"
        ],
        [
          "grouch",
          "grouch"
        ],
        [
          "bark",
          "bark"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "puff, sniffle (action that produces rumbling noise)"
      ],
      "id": "en-čuxъ-sla-pro-noun-D5FRBSsU",
      "links": [
        [
          "puff",
          "puff"
        ],
        [
          "sniffle",
          "sniffle"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "_dis1": "39 50 11",
          "english": "piglet",
          "roman": "čúxa",
          "sense": "*čuxa (“sniffing animal”)",
          "tags": [
            "Russian"
          ],
          "word": "чу́ха"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 22 39 17 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 18 35 20 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-xъ",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "choo (as interjection)"
      ],
      "id": "en-čuxъ-sla-pro-noun-m3Iin14P",
      "links": [
        [
          "choo",
          "choo"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "čuxъ"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "to sense, to smell",
      "word": "čuxati"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "чух",
            "t": "stench"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: чух (čux, “stench”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: чух (čux, “stench”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "čȗh",
            "t": "stench"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: čȗh (“stench”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: čȗh (“stench”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "čich"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: čich",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: čich"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "czuch",
            "3": "cuch"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: czuch, cuch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: czuch, cuch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "čuch"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: čuch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: čuch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "čuch"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: čuch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: čuch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "čuch"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: čuch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: čuch"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*čuti",
        "3": "*-xъ",
        "t1": "to sense, to feel"
      },
      "expansion": "*čuti (“to sense, to feel”) + *-xъ",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *čuti (“to sense, to feel”) + *-xъ.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nominative",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuśi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "genitive",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dative",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxoma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxomъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accusative",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "instrumental",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxъmь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxomь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "locative",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuśě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuśěxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vocative",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuše",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čuxъ",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "feeling, scent",
      "word": "čutьje"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "feeling",
      "word": "čuvьstvo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "sense",
      "word": "čudlo"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "feeling, scent"
      ],
      "id": "en-čuxъ-sla-pro-noun-XWKIbrWk",
      "links": [
        [
          "feeling",
          "feeling"
        ],
        [
          "scent",
          "scent"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*usętъ"
        },
        {
          "word": "*čutьje"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "smell, odor, stench"
      ],
      "id": "en-čuxъ-sla-pro-noun-2kMWYbNT",
      "links": [
        [
          "smell",
          "smell"
        ],
        [
          "odor",
          "odor"
        ],
        [
          "stench",
          "stench"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "particularly",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(particularly) smell, odor, stench"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*voňa"
        },
        {
          "word": "*ňuxъ"
        },
        {
          "word": "*smordь"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "čuxъ"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
    "Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-xъ",
    "sla-pro:Smell",
    "sla-pro:Sound"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "to choo",
      "word": "čuxati"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "чух",
            "3": "цух"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: чух (čux), цух (cux)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "interjection"
          },
          "expansion": "(interjection)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: чух (čux), цух (cux) (interjection)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "чух",
            "3": "шуф"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: чух (čux), шуф (šuf)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: чух (čux), шуф (šuf)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "чух"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: чух (čuh)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "кюх"
          },
          "expansion": "кюх (kjuh)",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "кюф"
          },
          "expansion": "кюф (kjuf)",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(dialectal)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: чух (čuh), probably also кюх (kjuh), кюф (kjuf) (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "čȗh",
            "t": "puff, pant"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: čȗh (“puff, pant”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: čȗh (“puff, pant”)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*čukъ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "knock, clatter"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *čukъ (“knock, clatter”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*cukъ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "tick, tock"
      },
      "expansion": "*cukъ (“tick, tock”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*čuti",
        "3": "*-xъ",
        "t1": "to growl, to bark"
      },
      "expansion": "*čuti (“to growl, to bark”) + *-xъ",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*čьvati"
      },
      "expansion": "*čьvati",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*kew-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to howl, to wail"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kew- (“to howl, to wail”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*(s)kew-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to shout, to scold"
      },
      "expansion": "*(s)kew- (“to shout, to scold”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*kyxъ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "cough"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kyxъ (“cough”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*ťuxъ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "wail"
      },
      "expansion": "*ťuxъ (“wail”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*buxъ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "woo, cough"
      },
      "expansion": "*buxъ (“woo, cough”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*puxъ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "pant"
      },
      "expansion": "*puxъ (“pant”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Onomatopoeic, seemingly related to Proto-Slavic *čukъ (“knock, clatter”), *cukъ (“tick, tock”). Probably derived from a non-attested *čuti (“to growl, to bark”) + *-xъ attested as extended *čьvati. Compare further Proto-Indo-European *kew- (“to howl, to wail”), *(s)kew- (“to shout, to scold”).\nFor the suffix, compare Proto-Slavic *kyxъ (“cough”), *ťuxъ (“wail”), *buxъ (“woo, cough”), *puxъ (“pant”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nominative",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuśi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "genitive",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dative",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxoma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxomъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accusative",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "instrumental",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxъmь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxomь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "locative",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuśě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuśěxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vocative",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuše",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čuxъ",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "čьvati"
    },
    {
      "english": "to bark, to harass",
      "word": "ščьvati"
    },
    {
      "english": "reproach, unjust vilification",
      "word": "xula"
    },
    {
      "english": "grumpy animal",
      "word": "čula"
    },
    {
      "english": "piglet",
      "roman": "čúxa",
      "sense": "*čuxa (“sniffing animal”)",
      "tags": [
        "Russian"
      ],
      "word": "чу́ха"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "growl, grouch, bark (low, rumbling sound)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "growl",
          "growl"
        ],
        [
          "grouch",
          "grouch"
        ],
        [
          "bark",
          "bark"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "puff, sniffle (action that produces rumbling noise)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "puff",
          "puff"
        ],
        [
          "sniffle",
          "sniffle"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "choo (as interjection)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "choo",
          "choo"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "čuxъ"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
    "Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-xъ",
    "sla-pro:Smell",
    "sla-pro:Sound"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "to sense, to smell",
      "word": "čuxati"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "чух",
            "t": "stench"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: чух (čux, “stench”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: чух (čux, “stench”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "čȗh",
            "t": "stench"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: čȗh (“stench”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: čȗh (“stench”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "čich"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: čich",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: čich"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "czuch",
            "3": "cuch"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: czuch, cuch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: czuch, cuch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "čuch"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: čuch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: čuch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "čuch"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: čuch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: čuch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "čuch"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: čuch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: čuch"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*čuti",
        "3": "*-xъ",
        "t1": "to sense, to feel"
      },
      "expansion": "*čuti (“to sense, to feel”) + *-xъ",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *čuti (“to sense, to feel”) + *-xъ.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nominative",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuśi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "genitive",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dative",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxoma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxomъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accusative",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "instrumental",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxъmь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuxomь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "locative",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuśě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuśěxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "vocative",
      "source": "declension"
    },
    {
      "form": "čuše",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čuxъ",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "feeling, scent",
      "word": "čutьje"
    },
    {
      "english": "feeling",
      "word": "čuvьstvo"
    },
    {
      "english": "sense",
      "word": "čudlo"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "feeling, scent"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "feeling",
          "feeling"
        ],
        [
          "scent",
          "scent"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*usętъ"
        },
        {
          "word": "*čutьje"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "smell, odor, stench"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "smell",
          "smell"
        ],
        [
          "odor",
          "odor"
        ],
        [
          "stench",
          "stench"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "particularly",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(particularly) smell, odor, stench"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*voňa"
        },
        {
          "word": "*ňuxъ"
        },
        {
          "word": "*smordь"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "čuxъ"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.