See þorn on Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "þorns",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornið",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornið",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þorni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þorninu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þorns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornsins",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þorna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "@@"
},
"expansion": "þorn n (genitive singular þorns, nominative plural þorn)",
"name": "is-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"name": "is-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "is",
"name": "Latin letter names",
"orig": "is:Latin letter names",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "52 30 3 1 1 1 5 7 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 28 2 1 1 1 6 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The name of the Latin-script letter Þ/þ."
],
"id": "en-þorn-is-noun-UK89an7S",
"links": [
[
"Þ",
"Þ#Icelandic"
],
[
"þ",
"þ#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θɔ(r)t⁽ʰ⁾n/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔrtn"
}
],
"word": "þorn"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "þorn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "thorn"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of thorn"
],
"id": "en-þorn-enm-noun-RWHNRBr2",
"links": [
[
"thorn",
"thorn#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "þorn"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "æppelþorn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "slāhþorn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "þefanþorn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "þorniġ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "þyrnen"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: thorn, thorne, thron, thurne, þorn, þorne, þron\nEnglish: thorn\nScots: thorn; torn (Shetland)\nYola: thoornes, thorns, thurns",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: thorn, thorne, thron, thurne, þorn, þorne, þron\nEnglish: thorn\nScots: thorn; torn (Shetland)\nYola: thoornes, thorns, thurns"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þornu",
"t": "thorn, sloe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þornu (“thorn, sloe”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Cognates",
"name": "col-top"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon thorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Dorn"
},
"expansion": "Low German Dorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "doorn"
},
"expansion": "Dutch doorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German thorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Dorn"
},
"expansion": "German Dorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "þorn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse þorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "törne"
},
"expansion": "Swedish törne",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌿𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌿𐍃 (þaurnus)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "трънъ",
"sc": "Cyrs"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic трънъ (trŭnŭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "тёрн",
"3": "",
"4": "sloe, blackthorn"
},
"expansion": "Russian тёрн (tjorn, “sloe, blackthorn”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "tŕň"
},
"expansion": "Slovak tŕň",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तृण",
"3": "",
"4": "grass"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit तृण (tṛṇa, “grass”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *þornu (“thorn, sloe”).\nCognates\nGermanic cognates include Old Saxon thorn (Low German Dorn, Doorn), Dutch doorn, Old High German thorn (German Dorn), Old Norse þorn (Swedish törne), Gothic 𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌿𐍃 (þaurnus). The Indo-European root is also the source of Old Church Slavonic трънъ (trŭnŭ) (Russian тёрн (tjorn, “sloe, blackthorn”), Slovak tŕň), Sanskrit तृण (tṛṇa, “grass”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þorna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þorne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "*ᚦᚩᚱᚾ",
"roman": "*þórn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "þorn m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "þorn m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "þorn"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þorn",
"2": "þornas",
"3": "þorn",
"4": "þornas",
"5": "þornes",
"6": "þorna",
"7": "þorne",
"8": "þornum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "88 5 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"thorn"
],
"id": "en-þorn-ang-noun-BJruvsjr",
"links": [
[
"thorn",
"thorn"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"thorny bush"
],
"id": "en-þorn-ang-noun-ghx~iblU",
"links": [
[
"thorny",
"thorny"
],
[
"bush",
"bush"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Undetermined terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the runic character ᚦ (/θ/ or /ð/)"
],
"id": "en-þorn-ang-noun-kVD7u415",
"links": [
[
"ᚦ",
"ᚦ"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 8 8 48",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Latin letter names",
"orig": "ang:Latin letter names",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the letter Þ, þ (/θ/ or /ð/)"
],
"id": "en-þorn-ang-noun-jLOahfDv",
"links": [
[
"Þ",
"Þ"
],
[
"þ",
"þ"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θorn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[θorˠn]"
}
],
"word": "þorn"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "crown of thorns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "þorngjǫrð"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "thorn-bush",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "þornrunnr"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "þorn"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: þorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: þorn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "torn"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: torn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "þorn"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: þorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: þorn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "torn"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: torn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "torn"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: torn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "torn"
},
"expansion": "Danish: torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: torn"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þurnuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þurnuz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "þorn"
},
"expansion": "Old English þorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tr̥nós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *þurnuz, whence also Old English þorn. From Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós from *(s)ter- (“stiff”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "þorns",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "þornar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-decl-m-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þorninn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornarnir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þorninn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þorna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þorni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þorninum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þorns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornsins",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þorna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "þorn m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "þorns",
"3": "þornar"
},
"expansion": "þorn m (genitive þorns, plural þornar)",
"name": "non-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "þorn",
"ns": "þorn"
},
"name": "non-decl-m-a"
},
{
"args": {
"apd": "þornana",
"api": "þorna",
"asd": "þorninn",
"asi": "þorn",
"dpd": "þornunum",
"dpi": "þornum",
"dsd": "þorninum",
"dsi": "þorni",
"g": "masculine",
"gpd": "þornanna",
"gpi": "þorna",
"gsd": "þornsins",
"gsi": "þorns",
"notes": "",
"npd": "þornarnir",
"npi": "þornar",
"nsd": "þorninn",
"nsi": "þorn",
"stem": "strong a-stem",
"title": "þorn"
},
"name": "non-decl-blank-full"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þorn",
"2": "nsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þorninn",
"2": "nsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þornar",
"2": "npi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þornarnir",
"2": "npd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þorn",
"2": "asi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þorninn",
"2": "asd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þorna",
"2": "api"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þornana",
"2": "apd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þorni",
"2": "dsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þorninum",
"2": "dsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þornum",
"2": "dpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þornunum",
"2": "dpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þorns",
"2": "gsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þornsins",
"2": "gsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þorna",
"2": "gpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þornanna",
"2": "gpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "non",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "non:Botany",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"thorn (= þyrnir m)"
],
"id": "en-þorn-non-noun-~7sKnUiy",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"thorn",
"thorn"
],
[
"þyrnir",
"þyrnir#Old_Norse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) thorn (= þyrnir m)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 17 13 4 4 3 19 25 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "thorns and thistles",
"text": "þornar ok þistlar",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spike, esp. the tongue of a buckle, pin of a brooch"
],
"id": "en-þorn-non-noun-cA2z6Gdx",
"links": [
[
"spike",
"spike"
],
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
],
[
"buckle",
"buckle"
],
[
"pin",
"pin"
],
[
"brooch",
"brooch"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the letter Þ, þ"
],
"id": "en-þorn-non-noun-viJj1vVn",
"links": [
[
"Þ",
"Þ"
],
[
"þ",
"þ"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "þorn"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "þorn"
},
"expansion": "Old English: þorn, *ᚦᚩᚱᚾ (*þórn)\nMiddle English: thorn, thorne, thron, thurne, þorn, þorne, þron\nEnglish: thorn\nScots: thorn; torn (Shetland)\nYola: thoornes, thorns, thurns",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: þorn, *ᚦᚩᚱᚾ (*þórn)\nMiddle English: thorn, thorne, thron, thurne, þorn, þorne, þron\nEnglish: thorn\nScots: thorn; torn (Shetland)\nYola: thoornes, thorns, thurns"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: thorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: thorn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "Tuurn"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: Tuurn",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Sylt"
},
"expansion": "(Sylt)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: Tuurn (Sylt)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Touden",
"3": "Tudden"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Touden, Tudden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Touden, Tudden"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "toarne"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: toarne",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: toarne"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: thorn\nMiddle Low German: dōrn\nGerman Low German: Däörn, Doorn, Dorn, Durn",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: thorn\nMiddle Low German: dōrn\nGerman Low German: Däörn, Doorn, Dorn, Durn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: thorn\nMiddle Dutch: dorn, dōorn, dōren\nDutch: doren, doorn\nAfrikaans: doring\nNegerhollands: dorn, doorn",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: thorn\nMiddle Dutch: dorn, dōorn, dōren\nDutch: doren, doorn\nAfrikaans: doring\nNegerhollands: dorn, doorn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "dorn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: dorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: dorn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "dorn"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: dorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: dorn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "Torn"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German: Torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Alemannic German: Torn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "dòrn"
},
"expansion": "Cimbrian: dòrn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cimbrian: dòrn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Dorn"
},
"expansion": "German: Dorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Dorn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrx",
"2": "Dorn"
},
"expansion": "Hunsrik: Dorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hunsrik: Dorn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Dar"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Dar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Dar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "דאָרן"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: דאָרן (dorn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: דאָרן (dorn)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þurnaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þurnaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *þurnaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*þorn m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/þorn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "haguþorn"
},
{
"word": "þebōnþorn"
}
],
"glosses": [
"thorn, briar"
],
"id": "en-þorn-gmw-pro-noun-bFwzzo36",
"links": [
[
"thorn",
"thorn"
],
[
"briar",
"briar"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "þorn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old Norse masculine nouns",
"Old Norse nouns",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "þorns",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornið",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornið",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þorni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þorninu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þorns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornsins",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þorna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "@@"
},
"expansion": "þorn n (genitive singular þorns, nominative plural þorn)",
"name": "is-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"name": "is-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic lemmas",
"Icelandic neuter nouns",
"Icelandic nouns",
"Icelandic terms with redundant head parameter",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/ɔrtn",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/ɔrtn/1 syllable",
"is:Latin letter names"
],
"glosses": [
"The name of the Latin-script letter Þ/þ."
],
"links": [
[
"Þ",
"Þ#Icelandic"
],
[
"þ",
"þ#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θɔ(r)t⁽ʰ⁾n/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔrtn"
}
],
"word": "þorn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old Norse masculine nouns",
"Old Norse nouns",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "þorn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "thorn"
}
],
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of thorn"
],
"links": [
[
"thorn",
"thorn#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "þorn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old Norse masculine nouns",
"Old Norse nouns",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ang:Latin letter names"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "æppelþorn"
},
{
"word": "slāhþorn"
},
{
"word": "þefanþorn"
},
{
"word": "þorniġ"
},
{
"word": "þyrnen"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: thorn, thorne, thron, thurne, þorn, þorne, þron\nEnglish: thorn\nScots: thorn; torn (Shetland)\nYola: thoornes, thorns, thurns",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: thorn, thorne, thron, thurne, þorn, þorne, þron\nEnglish: thorn\nScots: thorn; torn (Shetland)\nYola: thoornes, thorns, thurns"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þornu",
"t": "thorn, sloe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þornu (“thorn, sloe”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Cognates",
"name": "col-top"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon thorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Dorn"
},
"expansion": "Low German Dorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "doorn"
},
"expansion": "Dutch doorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German thorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Dorn"
},
"expansion": "German Dorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "þorn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse þorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "törne"
},
"expansion": "Swedish törne",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌿𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌿𐍃 (þaurnus)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "трънъ",
"sc": "Cyrs"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic трънъ (trŭnŭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "тёрн",
"3": "",
"4": "sloe, blackthorn"
},
"expansion": "Russian тёрн (tjorn, “sloe, blackthorn”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "tŕň"
},
"expansion": "Slovak tŕň",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तृण",
"3": "",
"4": "grass"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit तृण (tṛṇa, “grass”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *þornu (“thorn, sloe”).\nCognates\nGermanic cognates include Old Saxon thorn (Low German Dorn, Doorn), Dutch doorn, Old High German thorn (German Dorn), Old Norse þorn (Swedish törne), Gothic 𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌿𐍃 (þaurnus). The Indo-European root is also the source of Old Church Slavonic трънъ (trŭnŭ) (Russian тёрн (tjorn, “sloe, blackthorn”), Slovak tŕň), Sanskrit तृण (tṛṇa, “grass”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þorna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þorne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "*ᚦᚩᚱᚾ",
"roman": "*þórn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "þorn m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "þorn m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "þorn"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þorn",
"2": "þornas",
"3": "þorn",
"4": "þornas",
"5": "þornes",
"6": "þorna",
"7": "þorne",
"8": "þornum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"thorn"
],
"links": [
[
"thorn",
"thorn"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"thorny bush"
],
"links": [
[
"thorny",
"thorny"
],
[
"bush",
"bush"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Undetermined terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"the runic character ᚦ (/θ/ or /ð/)"
],
"links": [
[
"ᚦ",
"ᚦ"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the letter Þ, þ (/θ/ or /ð/)"
],
"links": [
[
"Þ",
"Þ"
],
[
"þ",
"þ"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θorn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[θorˠn]"
}
],
"word": "þorn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old Norse masculine nouns",
"Old Norse nouns",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "crown of thorns",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "þorngjǫrð"
},
{
"english": "thorn-bush",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "þornrunnr"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "þorn"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: þorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: þorn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "torn"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: torn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "þorn"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: þorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: þorn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "torn"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: torn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "torn"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: torn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "torn"
},
"expansion": "Danish: torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: torn"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þurnuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þurnuz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "þorn"
},
"expansion": "Old English þorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tr̥nós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *þurnuz, whence also Old English þorn. From Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós from *(s)ter- (“stiff”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "þorns",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "þornar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-decl-m-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þorninn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornarnir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þorninn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þorna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þorni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þorninum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þorns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornsins",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þorna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "þorn m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "þorns",
"3": "þornar"
},
"expansion": "þorn m (genitive þorns, plural þornar)",
"name": "non-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "þorn",
"ns": "þorn"
},
"name": "non-decl-m-a"
},
{
"args": {
"apd": "þornana",
"api": "þorna",
"asd": "þorninn",
"asi": "þorn",
"dpd": "þornunum",
"dpi": "þornum",
"dsd": "þorninum",
"dsi": "þorni",
"g": "masculine",
"gpd": "þornanna",
"gpi": "þorna",
"gsd": "þornsins",
"gsi": "þorns",
"notes": "",
"npd": "þornarnir",
"npi": "þornar",
"nsd": "þorninn",
"nsi": "þorn",
"stem": "strong a-stem",
"title": "þorn"
},
"name": "non-decl-blank-full"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þorn",
"2": "nsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þorninn",
"2": "nsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þornar",
"2": "npi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þornarnir",
"2": "npd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þorn",
"2": "asi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þorninn",
"2": "asd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þorna",
"2": "api"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þornana",
"2": "apd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þorni",
"2": "dsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þorninum",
"2": "dsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þornum",
"2": "dpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þornunum",
"2": "dpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þorns",
"2": "gsi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þornsins",
"2": "gsd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þorna",
"2": "gpi"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þornanna",
"2": "gpd"
},
"name": "non-decl-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"non:Botany"
],
"glosses": [
"thorn (= þyrnir m)"
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"thorn",
"thorn"
],
[
"þyrnir",
"þyrnir#Old_Norse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) thorn (= þyrnir m)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"english": "thorns and thistles",
"text": "þornar ok þistlar",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spike, esp. the tongue of a buckle, pin of a brooch"
],
"links": [
[
"spike",
"spike"
],
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
],
[
"buckle",
"buckle"
],
[
"pin",
"pin"
],
[
"brooch",
"brooch"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the letter Þ, þ"
],
"links": [
[
"Þ",
"Þ"
],
[
"þ",
"þ"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "þorn"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "haguþorn"
},
{
"word": "þebōnþorn"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "þorn"
},
"expansion": "Old English: þorn, *ᚦᚩᚱᚾ (*þórn)\nMiddle English: thorn, thorne, thron, thurne, þorn, þorne, þron\nEnglish: thorn\nScots: thorn; torn (Shetland)\nYola: thoornes, thorns, thurns",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: þorn, *ᚦᚩᚱᚾ (*þórn)\nMiddle English: thorn, thorne, thron, thurne, þorn, þorne, þron\nEnglish: thorn\nScots: thorn; torn (Shetland)\nYola: thoornes, thorns, thurns"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: thorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: thorn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "Tuurn"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: Tuurn",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Sylt"
},
"expansion": "(Sylt)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: Tuurn (Sylt)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Touden",
"3": "Tudden"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Touden, Tudden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Touden, Tudden"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "toarne"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: toarne",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: toarne"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: thorn\nMiddle Low German: dōrn\nGerman Low German: Däörn, Doorn, Dorn, Durn",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: thorn\nMiddle Low German: dōrn\nGerman Low German: Däörn, Doorn, Dorn, Durn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: thorn\nMiddle Dutch: dorn, dōorn, dōren\nDutch: doren, doorn\nAfrikaans: doring\nNegerhollands: dorn, doorn",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: thorn\nMiddle Dutch: dorn, dōorn, dōren\nDutch: doren, doorn\nAfrikaans: doring\nNegerhollands: dorn, doorn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "dorn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: dorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: dorn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "dorn"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: dorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: dorn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "Torn"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German: Torn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Alemannic German: Torn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "dòrn"
},
"expansion": "Cimbrian: dòrn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cimbrian: dòrn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Dorn"
},
"expansion": "German: Dorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Dorn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrx",
"2": "Dorn"
},
"expansion": "Hunsrik: Dorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hunsrik: Dorn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Dar"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Dar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Dar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "דאָרן"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: דאָרן (dorn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: דאָרן (dorn)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þurnaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þurnaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *þurnaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*þorn m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/þorn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"gmw-pro:Plants"
],
"glosses": [
"thorn, briar"
],
"links": [
[
"thorn",
"thorn"
],
[
"briar",
"briar"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "þorn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for þorn meaning in All languages combined (20.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (e937b02 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.