See þorn in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "æppelþorn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "slāhþorn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "þefanþorn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "þorniġ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "þyrnen"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: thorn, thorne, thron, thurne, þorn, þorne, þron\nEnglish: thorn\nScots: thorn; torn (Shetland)\nYola: thoornes, thorns, thurns",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: thorn, thorne, thron, thurne, þorn, þorne, þron\nEnglish: thorn\nScots: thorn; torn (Shetland)\nYola: thoornes, thorns, thurns"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þornu",
"t": "thorn, sloe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þornu (“thorn, sloe”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Cognates",
"name": "col-top"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon thorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Dorn"
},
"expansion": "Low German Dorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "doorn"
},
"expansion": "Dutch doorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German thorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Dorn"
},
"expansion": "German Dorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "þorn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse þorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "törne"
},
"expansion": "Swedish törne",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌿𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌿𐍃 (þaurnus)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "трънъ",
"sc": "Cyrs"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic трънъ (trŭnŭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "тёрн",
"3": "",
"4": "sloe, blackthorn"
},
"expansion": "Russian тёрн (tjorn, “sloe, blackthorn”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "tŕň"
},
"expansion": "Slovak tŕň",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तृण",
"3": "",
"4": "grass"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit तृण (tṛṇa, “grass”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *þornu (“thorn, sloe”).\nCognates\nGermanic cognates include Old Saxon thorn (Low German Dorn, Doorn), Dutch doorn, Old High German thorn (German Dorn), Old Norse þorn (Swedish törne), Gothic 𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌿𐍃 (þaurnus). The Indo-European root is also the source of Old Church Slavonic трънъ (trŭnŭ) (Russian тёрн (tjorn, “sloe, blackthorn”), Slovak tŕň), Sanskrit तृण (tṛṇa, “grass”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þorna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þorne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "þorn m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "þorn m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "þorn"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þorn",
"2": "þornas",
"3": "þorn",
"4": "þornas",
"5": "þornes",
"6": "þorna",
"7": "þorne",
"8": "þornum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 16 31 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"thorn"
],
"id": "en-þorn-ang-noun-BJruvsjr",
"links": [
[
"thorn",
"thorn"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"thorny bush"
],
"id": "en-þorn-ang-noun-ghx~iblU",
"links": [
[
"thorny",
"thorny"
],
[
"bush",
"bush"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Undetermined terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the runic character ᚦ (/θ/ or /ð/)"
],
"id": "en-þorn-ang-noun-kVD7u415",
"links": [
[
"ᚦ",
"ᚦ"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 18 13 44",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Latin letter names",
"orig": "ang:Latin letter names",
"parents": [
"Letter names",
"Letters, symbols, and punctuation",
"Names",
"Orthography",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Writing",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Lemmas",
"Human",
"Communication"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the letter Þ, þ (/θ/ or /ð/)"
],
"id": "en-þorn-ang-noun-jLOahfDv",
"links": [
[
"Þ",
"Þ"
],
[
"þ",
"þ"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θorn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[θorˠn]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"alt": "*þórn",
"word": "*ᚦᚩᚱᚾ"
}
],
"word": "þorn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old Norse masculine nouns",
"Old Norse nouns",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ang:Latin letter names"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "æppelþorn"
},
{
"word": "slāhþorn"
},
{
"word": "þefanþorn"
},
{
"word": "þorniġ"
},
{
"word": "þyrnen"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: thorn, thorne, thron, thurne, þorn, þorne, þron\nEnglish: thorn\nScots: thorn; torn (Shetland)\nYola: thoornes, thorns, thurns",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: thorn, thorne, thron, thurne, þorn, þorne, þron\nEnglish: thorn\nScots: thorn; torn (Shetland)\nYola: thoornes, thorns, thurns"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þornu",
"t": "thorn, sloe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þornu (“thorn, sloe”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Cognates",
"name": "col-top"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon thorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Dorn"
},
"expansion": "Low German Dorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "doorn"
},
"expansion": "Dutch doorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "thorn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German thorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Dorn"
},
"expansion": "German Dorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "þorn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse þorn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "törne"
},
"expansion": "Swedish törne",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌿𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌿𐍃 (þaurnus)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "трънъ",
"sc": "Cyrs"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic трънъ (trŭnŭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "тёрн",
"3": "",
"4": "sloe, blackthorn"
},
"expansion": "Russian тёрн (tjorn, “sloe, blackthorn”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "tŕň"
},
"expansion": "Slovak tŕň",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "तृण",
"3": "",
"4": "grass"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit तृण (tṛṇa, “grass”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *þornu (“thorn, sloe”).\nCognates\nGermanic cognates include Old Saxon thorn (Low German Dorn, Doorn), Dutch doorn, Old High German thorn (German Dorn), Old Norse þorn (Swedish törne), Gothic 𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌿𐍃 (þaurnus). The Indo-European root is also the source of Old Church Slavonic трънъ (trŭnŭ) (Russian тёрн (tjorn, “sloe, blackthorn”), Slovak tŕň), Sanskrit तृण (tṛṇa, “grass”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þorn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þornes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þorna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þorne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þornum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "þorn m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "þorn m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "þorn"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "þorn",
"2": "þornas",
"3": "þorn",
"4": "þornas",
"5": "þornes",
"6": "þorna",
"7": "þorne",
"8": "þornum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"thorn"
],
"links": [
[
"thorn",
"thorn"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"thorny bush"
],
"links": [
[
"thorny",
"thorny"
],
[
"bush",
"bush"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Undetermined terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"the runic character ᚦ (/θ/ or /ð/)"
],
"links": [
[
"ᚦ",
"ᚦ"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the letter Þ, þ (/θ/ or /ð/)"
],
"links": [
[
"Þ",
"Þ"
],
[
"þ",
"þ"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θorn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[θorˠn]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "*þórn",
"word": "*ᚦᚩᚱᚾ"
}
],
"word": "þorn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for þorn meaning in Old English (5.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.