"白芍" meaning in 漢語

See 白芍 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /paɪ̯³⁵ ʂɑʊ̯³⁵/ [Mandarin, Standard-Chinese, Sinological-IPA], /paɪ̯³⁵ ʂaʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/ [Mandarin, Standard-Chinese, Erhua, Sinological-IPA], /paːk̚² t͡sœːk̚³/ [Cantonese, Standard-Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, IPA], /pe(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ t͡si̯ɔk̚³²/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Xiamen, Taiwanese, general, IPA, Taibei], /pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ t͡si̯ɔk̚³²/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Xiamen, Taiwanese, general, IPA, Kaohsiung], /pe(ʔ)²⁴⁻² si̯oʔ²⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Quanzhou, IPA], /pi̯ɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡si̯ak̚³²/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Zhangzhou, IPA], /peh t͡siak̚²⁻⁴ / [Min-Nan, Teochew, IPA], / peh t͡sʰiak̚⁴/ [Min-Nan, Teochew, IPA]
  1. 虎耳草目芍藥科芍藥屬芍藥種(Paeonia lactiflora),多年生草本植物
    Sense id: zh-白芍-zh-noun-pwMfXMK4
  2. 上述植物的乾燥根,作為藥材
    Sense id: zh-白芍-zh-noun-x5XZd1bg Categories (other): 漢語 中醫學
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: 赤芍 (chìsháo), 芍藥 (sháoyao) [Traditional-Chinese], 芍药 (sháoyao) [Simplified-Chinese]
{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "官話名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "官話詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶「白」的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶「芍」的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有2個詞條的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有國際音標的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有詞條的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "泉漳話名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "泉漳話詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "漢語 虎耳草目植物",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "漢語名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "漢語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "潮州話名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "潮州話詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "粵語名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "粵語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "漢語",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "pos_title": "名詞",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "chìsháo",
      "word": "赤芍"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sháoyao",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "芍藥"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sháoyao",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "芍药"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "虎耳草目芍藥科芍藥屬芍藥種(Paeonia lactiflora),多年生草本植物"
      ],
      "id": "zh-白芍-zh-noun-pwMfXMK4"
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "漢語 中醫學",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "上述植物的乾燥根,作為藥材"
      ],
      "id": "zh-白芍-zh-noun-x5XZd1bg",
      "raw_tags": [
        "中醫學"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "báisháo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄅㄞˊ ㄕㄠˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "baak⁶ zoek³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pe̍h-chiok"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pe̍h-sio̍h"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pe̍k-chiak"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bêh ziag⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bêh ciag⁸"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "báisháo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄅㄞˊ ㄕㄠˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "báisháo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Wade–Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pai²-shao²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bái-sháu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bairshaur"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bajšao",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "байшао"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/paɪ̯³⁵ ʂɑʊ̯³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Erhua",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "báisháor"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Erhua",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄅㄞˊ ㄕㄠˊㄦ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Erhua",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "báisháor"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Erhua",
        "Wade–Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pai²-shao²-ʼrh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Erhua",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bái-sháur"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Erhua",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bairshaurl"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bajšaor",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Erhua",
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "байшаор"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/paɪ̯³⁵ ʂaʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Erhua",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "baak⁶ zoek³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Yale",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "baahk jeuk"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "baak⁹ dzoek⁸"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bag⁶ zêg³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/paːk̚² t͡sœːk̚³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Taiwanese",
        "general",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pe̍h-chiok"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Taiwanese",
        "general",
        "Tâi-lô"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pe̍h-tsiok"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Taiwanese",
        "general",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "peqciog"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pe(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ t͡si̯ɔk̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Taiwanese",
        "general",
        "IPA",
        "Taibei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ t͡si̯ɔk̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Taiwanese",
        "general",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pe̍h-sio̍h"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Tâi-lô"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pe̍h-sio̍h"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "peqsioih"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pe(ʔ)²⁴⁻² si̯oʔ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pe̍k-chiak"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Tâi-lô"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pi̍k-tsiak"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pegciag"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pi̯ɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡si̯ak̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bêh ziag⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bêh ciag⁸"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pe符h tsiak"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pe符h tshia̍k"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/peh t͡siak̚²⁻⁴ /",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ peh t͡sʰiak̚⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "IPA"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "白芍"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "官話名詞",
    "官話詞元",
    "帶「白」的漢語詞",
    "帶「芍」的漢語詞",
    "有2個詞條的頁面",
    "有國際音標的漢語詞",
    "有詞條的頁面",
    "泉漳話名詞",
    "泉漳話詞元",
    "漢語 虎耳草目植物",
    "漢語名詞",
    "漢語詞元",
    "潮州話名詞",
    "潮州話詞元",
    "粵語名詞",
    "粵語詞元"
  ],
  "lang": "漢語",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "pos_title": "名詞",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "chìsháo",
      "word": "赤芍"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sháoyao",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "芍藥"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sháoyao",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "芍药"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "虎耳草目芍藥科芍藥屬芍藥種(Paeonia lactiflora),多年生草本植物"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "漢語 中醫學"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "上述植物的乾燥根,作為藥材"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "中醫學"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "báisháo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄅㄞˊ ㄕㄠˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "baak⁶ zoek³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pe̍h-chiok"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pe̍h-sio̍h"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pe̍k-chiak"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bêh ziag⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bêh ciag⁸"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "báisháo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄅㄞˊ ㄕㄠˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "báisháo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Wade–Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pai²-shao²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bái-sháu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bairshaur"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bajšao",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "байшао"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/paɪ̯³⁵ ʂɑʊ̯³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Erhua",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "báisháor"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Erhua",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄅㄞˊ ㄕㄠˊㄦ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Erhua",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "báisháor"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Erhua",
        "Wade–Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pai²-shao²-ʼrh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Erhua",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bái-sháur"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Erhua",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bairshaurl"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bajšaor",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Erhua",
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "байшаор"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/paɪ̯³⁵ ʂaʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Erhua",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "baak⁶ zoek³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Yale",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "baahk jeuk"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "baak⁹ dzoek⁸"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bag⁶ zêg³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/paːk̚² t͡sœːk̚³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Taiwanese",
        "general",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pe̍h-chiok"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Taiwanese",
        "general",
        "Tâi-lô"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pe̍h-tsiok"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Taiwanese",
        "general",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "peqciog"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pe(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ t͡si̯ɔk̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Taiwanese",
        "general",
        "IPA",
        "Taibei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ t͡si̯ɔk̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Taiwanese",
        "general",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pe̍h-sio̍h"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Tâi-lô"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pe̍h-sio̍h"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "peqsioih"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pe(ʔ)²⁴⁻² si̯oʔ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pe̍k-chiak"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Tâi-lô"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pi̍k-tsiak"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pegciag"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pi̯ɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡si̯ak̚³²/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bêh ziag⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bêh ciag⁸"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pe符h tsiak"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pe符h tshia̍k"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/peh t͡siak̚²⁻⁴ /",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ peh t͡sʰiak̚⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "IPA"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "白芍"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 白芍 meaning in 漢語 (5.2kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable 漢語 dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2025-09-02 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.